draft immigration _ living and working in the uk

7/28/2019 DRAFT Immigration _ Living and Working in the UK

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Immigration: Living andWorking in the UK

Anne Patiño

Javier RodríguezAndrés Romero

British Cultural StudiesUniversidad Industrial de

Santander



Living

in UK•OPENING TIMES

• BANK / PUBLIC HOLIDAYS•SEASONS / WEATHER



OPENING TIMESIn the UK the usual opening times for banks, businesses, Post Offices and shopsare:

- Monday-Friday: 9:00am to 5:30pm

- Saturday: Most retail shops will be open 9:00am to 5:30pm. However, only asmall number of banks and Post Offices will be open. These are mainly in thecity centers and will close around midday.

- Sunday: Banks and Post Offices are not open on a Sunday. But some retailshops in city centers and shopping centers do open on a Sunday, usuallybetween 10:00am and 4:00pm.

If you live in a rural area you may find that the opening times are different.



BANK / PUBLIC HOLIDAYS

In England and Wales there are 8 public holidays (9 in Scotland and 10 inNorthern Ireland) known as ‘Bank Holidays’ when most businesses, banks andshops are closed. Public transport often runs a reduced service on BankHolidays. Although the dates of some of these Bank Holidays may changeannually, they traditionally occur at the following times of year:

You can obtain the specific dates of Bank Holidays from your local Post Office.



SEASONS / WEATHERThe weather in the UK is often unpredictable; this makes it a greatconversation starter! Generally, UK weather follows four distinctseasonal changes. Below is an indication of seasonalcharacteristics during the course of a year.



Accommodation

in UK



ACCOMMODATION AGENCIES

To register with an agency you will normally

be asked to give details of your job and

income. You may also be asked to provide

references from your employer, bank and

previous landlord. This may be difficult if

you have just arrived in the country.



TYPES OF ACCOMMODATION

•

Living with Your Employer•Social Housing

•Homelessness



Living with Your EmployerSome employers may provide you with accommodation, but it is importantto check the terms of your future rental agreement. If you do not stick to the

terms of this agreement you could lose your home.

But sir we are notat the office,

we are at home!!

Why aren't you working?



Social HousingIf you cannot afford to rent or buy a house on the open market, you may beeligible for social housing, provided by Registered Social Landlords. Before

you apply for this you must check your immigration status as you may notqualify.

ABBEYFIELDALMSHOUSE

CO-OPERATIVECO-OWNERSHIP

HOSTELLETTING/HOSTEL

LETTING

SALE OR LEASESTOCK TRANSFER

YMCA/YWCA



HomelessnessIf you are having housing problems it is important that you make your localcouncil aware as soon as possible. They are committed to preventing you

from becoming homeless and will do what they can to assist you. The earlier you discuss the problem, the easier and quicker it can be resolved because inmost cases, homelessness is preventable.



Health

andCare inUK



•Registering with a Doctor

•When the Doctor’s Surgery Is Closed

•Serious Emergency Care

•NHS Direct



REGISTERING WITH A DOCTOR

Doctors in the UK are often called ‘General Practitioners’ or ‘GPs’. This refersto doctors working in a local surgery rather than a hospital. When you havefound your nearest doctor’s surgery you will be asked to complete aregistration form. You will be asked to provide information about your address, any previous or current medical conditions and a contact telephonenumber.

WHEN THE DOCTOR’S SURGERY IS CLOSED

If you urgently need a General Practitioner outside of office hours and youcannot wait until the surgery opens, you can telephone your local GeneralPractitioner’s ‘out of hours’ service.

If you need interpreting services during this phone call, just say whichlanguage you wish to speak when your call is answered.



SERIOUS EMERGENCY CARE

The telephone number for emergency services in the UK is 999 for Ambulance, Police and Fire Services. If you or your family are seriously ill andneed urgent medical attention, then dial this number and ask for theambulance service. You will be asked what the problem is and for your location. This call is free of charge.

NATIONAL HEALTH SERVICE DIRECT

If you are unsure about where to go for health services, advice about a minor injury or a general query about healthcare, you can phone NHS Direct.

When your call is answered state what language you want to speak in and

they will put you through to an interpreter if required. This telephone serviceis available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It is staffed by nurses andprofessional advisors who will provide you with confidential advice.



Working

in the

UK



National Insurance Number

Everyone who wants to work in the UK must apply for a National Insurance(NI) number, this includes foreign nationals.

Finding work

- The Jobseeker Direct Helpline

- Universal Jobmatch(former Jobcentre Plus)

- Recruitment agencies- Advertisements in newspapers- Advertisements in shop windows



Universal Jobmatch Service

https://www.gov.uk/jobsearch

It is part of the Department forWork and Pensions and helps withemployment and benefits for people

of working age. The legal workingage in the UK is 16 - 65.

Jobcentre Plus On-line

Jobcentre Plus Office

Jobcentre Plus Helpline





Qualifications The qualifications which you achieved outside of the UK might not berecognised in this country. To have these qualifications compared to

British ones you can contact the National Academic RecognitionInformation Centre.



Paternity Leave

If you are an employee andyour partner is expecting a

baby you are entitled to up totwo weeks paternity leavebut these must be taken inone block and within 56 daysof the birth.

If you are entitled to paternity pay you will receive £123.06 a week or 90 per cent of your weekly income depending on which is the lowest.



Maternity Leave

Statutory Maternity Leave is 52 weeks.It’s made up of: 26 weeks of Ordinary Maternity Leave26 weeks of Additional Maternity Leave

You don’t have to take 52 weeks butyou must take 2 weeks’ leave after your

baby is born (or 4 weeks if you work ina factory).

Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) is paid for up to 39 weeks. You get:90% of your average weekly earnings (before tax) for the first 6 weeks£135.45 or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33weeksSMP is paid in the same way as your wages (eg monthly or weekly). Tax and National

Insurance will be deducted.



Wages

All workers in the UK are legally entitled* to be paid

the national minimum wage per hour for the workthat they do. This table lists the minimum wage for

each age group:

£3.68 £4.98 £6.19



Deductions

Employers are legally allowed to make deductions from your wages for IncomeTax, Pay as You Earn (PAYE) and National Insurance contributions. Anyother deductions made such as contributions to pension schemes have to beagreed with you first.



Health and Safety

Wherever you work in the UK, and for however long, both you and your employer have rights and responsibilities regarding health and safety.

The Health and Safety Executive is a government organisation that works toprotect the health, safety and welfare of workers by enforcing health andsafety law and offering advice and support.



Tax credits are payments from the government. If you're responsible for at least

one child or young person, you may qualify for Child Tax Credit. If you work,

but are on a low income, you may qualify for Working Tax Credit. You canoften get both types of tax credits. They aren't taxable.

Tax Credits

Advice Services

The Citizens Advice service helps

people resolve their legal, money andother problems by providing freeinformation and advice from 3,300locations.



Immigration

Visa (working in the UK) High-value migrants

Investors, entrepreneurs and exceptionally talented people can apply to enter or

stay in the UK without needing a job offer - but you will need to pass a points-based assessment.

Skilled workers

If you have been offered a skilled job in the UK and your prospective employer is willing to sponsor you, you can apply to come or remain here to do that job.

Temporary workers

If an employer in the UK is willing to sponsor you, or if you are a national of acountry that participates in the youth mobility scheme, you may be eligible tocome and work in the UK for a short period.

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/working/tier2/










Visa (studying in the UK)

Tier 4 (Child)

For children aged between 4 and 17 years old on a long course of study.

Child visitor

For children who want to study a short course in the UK and will not work while theyare here.

Tier 4 (General)

For adults who want to come to the UK for their post-16 education.

Student visitor For adults who want to study a short course in the UK and will not work while theyare here.

Prospective student

For people who need to finalise their arrangements for their Tier 4 course of study in

the UK.

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/studying/child-students/

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/visiting/child/

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/studying/adult-students/

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/visiting/student/

http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/visas-immigration/visiting/prospective-student/




















Visa (visiting in the UK)[max. 6 months]

Tourism and visiting friends

If you want to visit the UK as a tourist or to stay with friends in the UK, you shouldapply to come here as a general visitor.

Visiting familyIf you want to visit members of your family in the UK, you can apply to come hereas a family visitor.

Visiting to do business

If you want to do business in the UK, you should apply to come here as a businessvisitor.

Visiting as a sportsperson

If you want to take part in any sporting events in the UK, you might be able to comehere as a sports visitor or a visitor undertaking permitted paid engagements.



Becoming a British citizen

(naturalisation)

You can apply for British citizenship if:

- you’re 18 or over

- you’re of good character- you will continue to live in the UK- you’re able to communicate in English,Welsh or Scottish Gaelic- you’ve passed the Life in the UK Test or have completed an English for speakers

of other languages (ESOL) course alongwith citizenship classes.

You must also have:

- lived in the UK for at least 5 years beforethe date of your application (unless your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen)

- spent no more than 450 days outside theUK during those 5 years- spent no more than 90 days outside the UKin the last 12 months- been granted indefinite leave to stay in theUK

- had indefinite leave to stay in the UK for thelast 12 months (unless your spouse or civilpartner is a British citizen)- not broken any immigration laws while inthe UK



The Life in the UK Test

The test includes questions about Britishtraditions and customs, as well as provingthat you can speak English.

is a computer-based test constituting one ofthe requirements for anyone

seeking Indefinite Leave to Remain in the UKor naturalisation as a British citizen

It consists of 24 questions covering topicssuch as British society, government,everyday life and employment.

Time limit: 45 min.

Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002



Criticism Some people claim that the government is trying to foist British culture ontoimmigrants, potentially at the expense of their own cultures.

Reasons The home secretary, David Blunkett, said migrantsfluent in English were 20% more likely to get work andthat this would be encouraged by asking applicantsfor naturalisation to demonstrate certain standardsof English.

Introduction of oath or "citizens pledge" for applicants to help them embrace British values, lawsand customs.

For trying to curb "sham marriages".

Speculation in the British media about the fact that the handbook was not basedon factual information (errors and inaccuracies in the material).



Citizenship ceremonials

You’re usually allowed to take 2guests with you and you musttake your invitation with youwhen you go to your ceremony.

The ceremonies would be

conducted by registration officersat register offices or other community centres or schools.

If your application is successful and you’re over 18, you’ll be invited to attend a

citizenship ceremony.



You’ll be presented with your certificate of

British citizenship and a welcome pack.

Citizenship certificate

The oath retains a pledge of allegiance tothe Queen and her heirs, but will add: "Iwill respect the rights and freedoms ofthe United Kingdom. I will uphold its

democratic values. I will observe its lawsfaithfully and fulfil my duties andobligations as a British citizen."

The oath



British Empire and CommonwealthFrom the mid-eighteenth century until at least 1956, and longer in many areas,the British Empire covered a large proportion of the globe. The vast majority of

immigrants to the UK were from either current or former colonies, mostnotably those in the Indian subcontinent and the Caribbean.

Since 1922

Following the end of the Second World War,the British Nationality Act 1948 was passed toallow the 800 million subjects in the British

Empire to live and work in the UnitedKingdom without needing a visa.

Commonwealth immigration, made uplargely of economic migrants, rose from3,000 per year in 1953 to 46,800 in 1956 and

136,400 in 1961.



In the lead up to World War II, many people from Germany, particularly thosebelonging to minorities which were persecuted under Nazi rule, such as Jews,sought to emigrate to the United Kingdom, and it is estimated that as many as50,000 may have been successful.

World War II



Post-war immigration (1945-1983)Following the end of World War II, substantial groups ofpeople from Soviet-controlled territories settled in Britain,particularly Poles and Ukrainians. The UK recruited displacedpeople as so-called European Volunteer Workers in order to

provide labour to industries that were required in order toaim economic recovery after the war.

Indians began arriving in the UK in large numbers shortlyafter their country gained independence in 1947. More than60,000 arrived before 1955, many of whom drove buses, or

worked in foundries or textile factories.

By 1972, only holders of work permits, or people with parents or grandparents born inthe UK could gain entry – significantly reducing primary immigration fromCommonwealth countries.



Contemporary immigration (1983 onwards)

European Union

Since the expansion of the EU on 1 May 2004, the UK has acceptedimmigrants from Central and Eastern Europe, Malta and Cyprus.

Manage Migration

"Managed migration" is the term for all legal labour and student migration from outside of theEuropean Union. Many of the immigrants who arrive under these schemes bring skills which are

in short supply in the UK.

Points-based immigration system (UK Border Agency)

Tier 1 – for highly skilled individuals, who can contribute to growth and productivity;Tier 2 – for skilled workers with a job offer, to fill gaps in the United Kingdom workforce;Tier 3 – for limited numbers of low-skilled workers needed to fill temporary labour shortages;Tier 4 – for students;Tier 5 – for temporary workers and young people covered by the Youth Mobility Scheme,who are allowed to work in the United Kingdom for a limited time to satisfy primarily non-

economic objectives.



Illegal Immigration

Illegal (sometimes termed irregular )immigrants in the UK include those whohave:- entered the UK without authority- entered with false documents

- overstayed their visas

Expulsions of immigrants who havecommitted crimes varied between 4000–

5000 a year between 2007 and 2010.

Expulsions



AN ICON On the corner of Fournier Street and Brick Lane in the East Endof London stands the Jamme Masjid mosque. The building hasbeen used for over two and a half centuries as a place of worshipfor the peoples of Spitalfields, yet the communities assemblingwithin its walls have changed with successive waves of immigration

to London. In 1744, the building started its life as a Huguenotchurch and 50 years later became a Wesleyan chapel. From 1898the building housed the Spitalfields Great Synagogue serving theEastern European Jewish community until it was sold to theBengali community in 1975. It remains a symbol of movement andfluidity which is so characteristic of London‟s history and haswitnessed individual and group histories that have shaped Londonand Britain, where many had sought sanctuary.



THE WORLD’S ASYLUM

In 1867, Samuel Smiles referred to London as:“the world‟s asylum, the refuge of the persecuted ofall lands…one of the most composite populations foundin the world”

The Times editorial on the 19th of January 1858declared that: “every civilized people on the face ofthe earth must be fully aware that this country is the

asylum of nations, and that it would defend the asylumto the last drop of its blood. There is no point on whichwe are prouder or more resolute […] We are a nation ofrefugees.



THE 1905 ALIENS´ACT 1894 Aliens´ Bill. 1902 the British brothers'

league The 1905 Aliens‟ Act was the

first piece of legislation toenshrine the concept of asylumin British law [although neitherthis term nor „refugee‟ werestated in the statute], yet it

marked the end of a liberalapproach to immigration controlthat had been in place for mostof the nineteenth century.



WARS

During The First World War, around 240,000 Belgianrefugees entered Britain.The Spanish Civil War [1936-9] caused Republicans toseek refuge in Britain.During the Second World War, over 100,000 refugeesentered Britain from Norway, Denmark,Holland, Belgium and France after the fall of theircountries to Hitler.



THE CONTEMPORARY PICTURE

In 2002, asylum applications in the UK reached a recordhigh and the period saw a wave of immigration and asylumacts which consolidated measures of deterrence andexclusion from social security for asylum seekers.

The Asylum and Immigration Act 1999 introducedcompulsory dispersal out of London and the South-Eastfor asylum seekers claiming National Asylum SupportService[NASS] accommodation. The government has argued that

such measures are necessary to ease the pressure onservices in the South-East. A significant number howeverchoose to remain in, or migrate back to London, andconsequently forfeit their entitlement toNASS accommodation.



SOCIAL PROBLEMS

RacismTerrorismHate crimesDomestic violence



RACISM

The United Kingdom, like most countries, hasexperienced and inflicted racism against variousgroups at various times in its history. In the DarkAges, some historians believe that the Anglo-Saxon

invaders lived segregated from the Celts who theyruled over. The British Empire exploited blackAfricans for the Transatlantic slave trade beforeabolishing it and pressuring other countries to do

so. Since the end of the empire, the relationsbetween non-white immigrant groups and indigenousBritons have resulted in cases of race riots andracist murder perpetrated by extremists of all

races.



TERRORISM Terrorism in the United Kingdom,according to the Home Office, poses asignificant threat to the state. 1834people were arrested in the United

Kingdom from September 2001 toDecember 2009 in connection withterrorism, of which 422 were chargedwith terrorism-related offences and237 were convicted.



TERRORIST ATTACKS

2006 transatlantic aircraft plotJanuary 2007

June and July, 2007Omagh attack, April 2011



HATE CRIMESHate crime is any criminal offence that is motivatedby prejudice against you because of your race,ethnic origin, religion, gender, sexual orientation or

disability. It could take the form of verbal abuse or physical assault, damage to your property,offensive phone calls/letters/posters or bullying.



DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Any incident of violent behaviour in a family orrelationship counts as domestic violence. If youhave been mentally or physically harmed bysomeone close to you, report it immediately. You

can talk confidentially to a doctor, the police or ahealth visitor. They are all able to support andprotect you.

draft immigration _ living and working in the uk

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