draft environmental impact report for the - los angeles · city of los angeles, department of...

DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE

SIDEWALK REPAIR PROGRAM SCH#2016071063

City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works Bureau of Engineering, Environmental Management Group 1149 S. Broadway, Suite 600 Los Angeles, CA 90015 Contact: Shilpa Gupta, Environmental Supervisor I 213-‐485-‐4560 [email protected]

December 2019

DRAFT

SIDEWALK REPAIR PROGRAM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT

P R E P A R E D F O R :

City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering

1149 S. Broadway Los Angeles, CA 90015

Contact: Shilpa Gupta, MPA, ENV SP

P R E P A R E D B Y :

ICF

555 W. 5th Street, Suite 3100

Los Angeles, CA 90013

Contact: Alison Rondone

December 2019

ICF. 2019. Sidewalk Repair Program Environmental Impact Report. Draft. December. (ICF 680.16.) Los Angeles, CA. Prepared for City of Los Angeles, Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering, Los Angeles, CA.

Sidewalk Repair Program Draft Environmental Impact Report Screencheck Draft – Subject to Change

i December 2019

ICF 00680.16

Contents

Page

Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... ES-1

ES.1 Introduction and Background ........................................................................................ ES-1

ES.2 Proposed Project Summary ........................................................................................... ES-1

ES.3 Mandatory Project Design Features .............................................................................. ES-4

ES.4 Project Objectives .......................................................................................................... ES-9

ES.5 Required Project Approvals ........................................................................................... ES-9

ES.6 Comments Received on the Notice of Preparation ..................................................... ES-10

ES.7 Summary of Environmental Impacts ........................................................................... ES-11

ES.7.1 Effects Found Not to Be Significant ....................................................................... ES-11

ES.7.2 Significant and Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ...................................................... ES-12

ES.8 Cumulative Impacts ..................................................................................................... ES-12

ES.9 Summary of Environmental Impacts of the Project .................................................... ES-13

ES.10 Summary of Project Alternatives Analysis ................................................................... ES-13

ES.10.1 Alternatives Considered ........................................................................................ ES-13

ES.10.2 Alternatives Rejected From Further Consideration .............................................. ES-14

ES.10.3 Summary Analysis of Alternatives Carried Forward .................................................... ES-14

Chapter 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Background and Project Overview .................................................................................. 1-1

1.2 Purpose and Intended Use of This EIR ............................................................................. 1-1

1.3 Scope and Content of the Draft EIR ................................................................................. 1-2

1.4 Public Outreach Efforts .................................................................................................... 1-3

1.4.1 Notice of Preparation ...................................................................................................... 1-3

1.4.2 Review of Draft EIR .......................................................................................................... 1-4

1.5 Organization of the Draft EIR ........................................................................................... 1-5

Chapter 2 Project Description ................................................................................................. 2-1

2.1 Project Overview .............................................................................................................. 2-1

2.2 Project Approvals and Intended Uses of the EIR ............................................................. 2-1

2.2.1 Baseline Year .................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.2.2 Background ...................................................................................................................... 2-3

2.3 Project Objectives ............................................................................................................ 2-7

2.4 Project Location and Setting ............................................................................................ 2-8

2.4.1 Location............................................................................................................................ 2-8

2.4.2 Setting ............................................................................................................................ 2-10

City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering

Contents

Sidewalk Repair Program Draft Environmental Impact Report

ii December 2019

ICF 00680.16

2.4.3 Infrastructure and Streets .............................................................................................. 2-14

2.5 Proposed Project ............................................................................................................ 2-28

2.5.1 Summary of New Ordinance and Primary Components ................................................ 2-28

2.5.2 Specific Parameters under Which Individual Sidewalk Repairs Would

Proceed Ministerially ..................................................................................................... 2-29

2.5.3 Construction Scenarios Assumed for EIR Analysis ......................................................... 2-30

2.5.4 Revised Street Tree Retention, Removal and Replacement Policy ............................... 2-40

2.5.5 Illustrative Examples of Application of Proposed Project/Ordinance ........................... 2-47

Chapter 3 Environmental Impact Analysis ...............................................................................3-1

3.0 Introduction to the Analysis ......................................................................................... 3.0-1

3.1 Aesthetics ...................................................................................................................... 3.1-1

3.1.1 Regulatory Setting......................................................................................................... 3.1-1

3.1.2 Environmental Setting .................................................................................................. 3.1-5

3.1.3 Environmental Impact Analysis..................................................................................... 3.1-7

3.1.4 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ................................................................... 3.1-22

3.2 Air Quality ..................................................................................................................... 3.2-1

3.2.1 Air Pollutant Characteristics and Effects ....................................................................... 3.2-1


3.2.3 Environmental Setting ................................................................................................ 3.2-13

3.2.4 Environmental Impact Analysis................................................................................... 3.2-25


3.3 Biological Resources ..................................................................................................... 3.3-1





3.4 Cultural Resources ........................................................................................................ 3.4-1

3.4.1 Regulatory Setting ........................................................................................................ 3.4-1




3.5 Geology and Soils .......................................................................................................... 3.5-1


3.5.2 Environmental Setting ................................................................................................... 3.5-2



3.6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions ........................................................................................... 3.6-1


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3.6.4 Summary of Combined Construction and Operation Impacts ................................... 3.6-30


3.7 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ................................................................................ 3.7-1



3.7.3 Environmental Impact Analysis..................................................................................... 3.7-9


3.8 Hydrology and Water Quality ....................................................................................... 3.8-1





3.9 Land Use and Planning .................................................................................................. 3.9-1





3.10 Noise ........................................................................................................................... 3.10-1

3.10.1 Noise Fundamentals ............................................................................................ 3.10-1

3.10.2 Groundborne Vibration Fundamentals ............................................................... 3.10-3

3.10.3 Regulatory Setting ............................................................................................... 3.10-4

3.10.4 Environmental Setting ......................................................................................... 3.10-8

3.10.5 Environmental Impact Analysis .......................................................................... 3.10-10

3.10.6 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts .......................................................... 3.10-24

3.11 Public Services ............................................................................................................ 3.11-1

3.11.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................................. 3.11-1



3.12 Transportation/Traffic ................................................................................................ 3.12-1

3.12.1 Regulatory Setting ................................................................................................ 3.12-1

3.12.2 Environmental Setting .......................................................................................... 3.12-5

3.12.3 Environmental Impact Analysis ............................................................................ 3.12-6


3.13 Tribal Cultural Resources ............................................................................................ 3.13-1


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3.13.4 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ............................................................ 3.13-9

3.14 Utilities and Service Systems ...................................................................................... 3.14-1





3.15 Energy ......................................................................................................................... 3.15-1





3.16 Wildfire Hazards .......................................................................................................... 3.16-1

3.16.1 Introduction .................................................................................................... 3.16-1

3.16.2 Regulatory Setting ........................................................................................... 3.16-1

3.16.3 Environmental Setting ..................................................................................... 3.16-6

3.16.4 Environmental Impact Analysis........................................................................ 3.16-7

3.16.5 Significant Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ...................................................... 3.16-14

Chapter 4 Cumulative Impacts ................................................................................................ 4-1

4.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4-1

4.2 Summary of Projections ................................................................................................... 4-2

4.2.1 City of Los Angeles General Plan...................................................................................... 4-2

4.2.2 Los Angeles County General Plan .................................................................................... 4-4

4.2.3 SCAG Regional Comprehensive Plan ................................................................................ 4-5

4.2.4 SCAG Regional Transportation Plan and Sustainable Communities Strategy ................. 4-6

4.2.5 Metro Long-Range Transportation Plan (2009) ............................................................... 4-6

4.2.6 2016 Air Quality Management Plan ................................................................................. 4-7

4.3 Cumulative Impacts Analysis ........................................................................................... 4-7

4.3.1 Aesthetics ......................................................................................................................... 4-7

4.3.2 Air Quality ........................................................................................................................ 4-9

4.3.3 Biological Resources ...................................................................................................... 4-11

4.3.4 Cultural Resources ......................................................................................................... 4-13

4.3.5 Geology and Soils ........................................................................................................... 4-15

4.3.6 Greenhouse Gases ......................................................................................................... 4-16

4.3.7 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ................................................................................. 4-18


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4.3.8 Hydrology and Water Quality ........................................................................................ 4-19

4.3.9 Land Use and Planning ................................................................................................... 4-21

4.3.10 Noise ........................................................................................................................ 4-22

4.3.11 Public Services ......................................................................................................... 4-24

4.3.12 Transportation/Traffic ............................................................................................. 4-24

4.3.13 Tribal Cultural Resources ......................................................................................... 4-26

4.3.14 Utilities and Service Systems ................................................................................... 4-27

4.3.15 Energy ...................................................................................................................... 4-29

4.3.16 Wildfire .................................................................................................................... 4-30

Chapter 5 Comparison of Alternatives ..................................................................................... 5-1

5.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 5-1

5.2 CEQA Alternatives Considered ......................................................................................... 5-2

5.2.1 No Project Alternative ..................................................................................................... 5-2

5.2.2 Alternative 1. Ordinance to repair sidewalks and avoid removal of any street

trees. ................................................................................................................................ 5-3

5.2.3 Alternative 2. Ordinance to exclude sidewalk repairs and street tree

removals within 23 feet of the nearest occupied space façade of the closest

sensitive receptor (residential or commercial use). ........................................................ 5-4

5.2.4 Alternative 3. Ordinance will exclude sidewalk repair projects that have the

potential to affect known historic, tribal cultural, unique archaeological, or

unique paleontological resources; such projects would proceed as

discretionary projects under existing codes and policies. ............................................... 5-4

5.3 Alternatives Rejected From Further Consideration ......................................................... 5-5

5.3.1 Alternative 4. The City will expend accelerate its annual funding

commitment(s) in sidewalk repair funds pursuant to the Willits Settlement

in 15 years rather than the Settlement’s 30-year compliance period. ............................ 5-5

5.3.2 Alternative 5. Ordinance to require use of only hand tools, for example, no

jackhammering, no power tools, and no heavy equipment. ........................................... 5-6

5.3.3 Alternative 6. Avoid sidewalk repairs and street tree removals that would

last longer than 30 construction days or require excavation greater than 30

feet. .................................................................................................................................. 5-7

5.3.4 Alternative 7. Ordinance to obtain ROW acquisition of private property to

retain all street trees by meandering sidewalks and to place a construction

noise barrier. .................................................................................................................... 5-8

5.3.5 Alternative 8. Ordinance to mandate/test use of alternative/green/recycled

construction materials for sidewalk and curb ramp repairs, where

applicable. ........................................................................................................................ 5-8

5.3.6 Alternative 9. Ordinance to include revision to the current BPW street tree

policy for a higher than 2:1 street tree replacement to removal ratio. .......................... 5-9


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5.4 Comparison of Alternatives Analyzed ............................................................................ 5-10

5.4.1 No Project Alternative ................................................................................................... 5-13

5.4.2 Alternative 1. Ordinance to repair sidewalks and avoid removal of any street

trees. .............................................................................................................................. 5-21

5.4.3 Alternative 2. Ordinance to exclude sidewalk repairs and street tree

removals within 23 feet of the nearest occupied space façade of a sensitive

use (residential or commercial). .................................................................................... 5-30

5.4.4 Alternative 3. Ordinance will exclude sidewalk repair projects that have the

potential to affect known historic, tribal cultural, unique archaeological, or

unique paleontological resources; such projects would proceed as

discretionary projects under existing codes and policies. ............................................. 5-40

5.5 Environmentally Superior Alternative ........................................................................... 5-48

Chapter 6 Other Environmental Considerations .......................................................................6-1

6.1 Effects Found Not to Be Significant ................................................................................. 6-1

6.2 Significant and Unavoidable Adverse Impacts ................................................................. 6-2

6.3 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes That Would Be Caused by

the Project Should It Be Implemented ............................................................................ 6-3

6.4 Growth-Inducing Impacts ................................................................................................ 6-4

Chapter 7 Persons Consulted .................................................................................................. 7-1

7.1 City of Los Angeles Public Works Department, Bureau of Engineering—

Sidewalk Repair Program Group ...................................................................................... 7-1

7.2 City of Los Angeles Public Works Department, Bureau of Street Services

(Streets LA) ....................................................................................................................... 7-1

7.3 City of Los Angeles Department of Transportation ......................................................... 7-1

7.4 City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power ..................................................... 7-1

7.5 City of Los Angeles Public Works Department, Bureau of Sanitation ............................. 7-2

7.6 Los Angeles Fire Department—Health & Hazardous Materials Division,

Emergency Operations Unit ............................................................................................. 7-2

Chapter 8 List of Preparers ...................................................................................................... 8-1

8.1 City of Los Angeles Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering ...................... 8-1

8.2 ICF .................................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.2.1 Project Management Team and Technical Team Leads .................................................. 8-1

8.2.2 Technical Team Support .................................................................................................. 8-1

8.2.3 Technical Editing and Publications Team ......................................................................... 8-2

8.3 Merkel & Associates, Inc. ................................................................................................. 8-2

8.4 Fehr & Peers ..................................................................................................................... 8-2

8.5 Watearth, Inc. .................................................................................................................. 8-2

8.6 Ninyo & Moore ................................................................................................................ 8-2


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8.7 Terry A. Hayes & Associates ............................................................................................. 8-3

8.8 Consensus ........................................................................................................................ 8-3

8.9 MAARS Services, Inc. ........................................................................................................ 8-3

8.10 AECOM ............................................................................................................................. 8-3

8.11 Behrens and Associates ................................................................................................... 8-3

Chapter 9 References .............................................................................................................. 9-1

Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................. 9-1

Chapter 1 ............................................................................................................................................. 9-1

Chapter 2 ............................................................................................................................................. 9-1

Chapter 3 ............................................................................................................................................. 9-2

Section 3.1 Aesthetics ................................................................................................................ 9-2

Section 3.2 Air Quality ................................................................................................................ 9-2

Section 3.3 Biological Resources ................................................................................................ 9-3

Section 3.4 Cultural Resources ................................................................................................... 9-3

Section 3.5 Geology & Soils ........................................................................................................ 9-5

Section 3.6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions/Urban Heat Island ....................................................... 9-6

Section 3.7 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ........................................................................... 9-7

Section 3.8 Hydrology and Water Quality .................................................................................. 9-7

Section 3.9 Land Use and Planning ............................................................................................. 9-9

Section 3.10 Noise ...................................................................................................................... 9-10

Section 3.11 Public Services ....................................................................................................... 9-10

Section 3.12 Transportation ....................................................................................................... 9-11

Section 3.13 Tribal Cultural Resources ....................................................................................... 9-11

Section 3.14 Utilities ................................................................................................................... 9-12

Section 3.15 Energy .................................................................................................................... 9-13

Chapter 4 – Cumulative Impacts ....................................................................................................... 9-14

Chapter 5 – Comparison of Alternatives ........................................................................................... 9-15

Chapter 6 – Other Environmental Considerations ............................................................................ 9-15

Chapter 7 – Persons Consulted ......................................................................................................... 9-15

Chapter 8 – List of Preparers ............................................................................................................. 9-15


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Appendices

Appendix A Initial Study/Comments

Appendix A1 Initial Study

Appendix A2 Public Comments

Appendix A3 Scoping Outreach Summary

Appendix B Biology Reports

Appendix B1 Street Tree Count

Appendix B2 Sensitive Plant Species with Potential to Occur within the Project Site

Appendix B3 Sensitive Wildlife Species with Potential to Occur within the Project

Site

Appendix C Inventory of Designated Scenic Highways and Guidelines of the Mobility Plan 2035

Element

Appendix D Air Quality Emissions Calculations

Appendix E Hazards and Hazardous Materials Reports

Appendix E1 Hazardous Material Incident Contingency Plan – California

Appendix E2 Cortese List

Appendix F Archeological and Paleontological Resources Reports

Appendix F1 Contractors’ Guide to Sidewalk Repair in Historic Areas

Appendix F2 Paleo Figures

Appendix G Preliminary Geologic Hazards Evaluation

Appendix H Greenhouse Gas Emissions Calculations

Appendix I Draft Hydrology and Water Quality Technical Memorandum

Appendix J Noise and Vibration Technical Report

Appendix J1 Field Photos and Construction Scenario 1 Noise Analysis

Appendix J2 Sidewalk Repair Program Noise and Vibration Technical Report

Appendix J3 FHWA Infeasible Mitigations Table

Appendix K Tribal Cultural Resources [Confidential]

Appendix L Energy Calculations


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Tables

ES-1 Anticipated Permits and Approvals for Project ......................................................................... ES-10

ES-2 Comparison of Impacts for Alternatives Carried Forward .................................................... ES-15

ES-3 Summary of Impacts, Project Design Features, and Mitigation Measures ...................... ES-19

2-1 Anticipated Permits and Approvals for Project .............................................................................. 2-3

2-2 Project Zone Summary ............................................................................................................................2-10

2-3 Percent Distribution of Land Uses by Project Zone (in percent) ...........................................2-13

2-4 Estimated Maximum Sidewalk Repair and Street Tree Removal under the Project .....2-31

2-5 Summary of Activities for Each Construction Scenario .............................................................2-32

2-6 Summary of Approximate Project Construction Crew Activities ...........................................2-34

2-7 Summary of Approximate Construction Phases and Duration ...............................................2-35

2-8 Approximate Total Project Construction .........................................................................................2-35

3.0-1 Evaluation of Proposed Thresholds with 2018 Revised Appendix G ..................................3.0-2

3.1-1 Applicable Goals, Objectives, and Policies of the City of Los Angeles General Plan ......3.1-4

3.1-2 Scenic Highways in the City of Los Angeles ...................................................................................3.1-8

3.2-1 Air Quality Standards and Attainment Status Designations for the City of Los

Angeles ..........................................................................................................................................................3.2-7

3.2-2 Local Climate Data Summary ............................................................................................................ 3.2-14

3.2-3 City of Los Angeles Air Monitoring Network .............................................................................. 3.2-18

3.2-4 Ambient Air Quality Data – Citywide O3 Monitoring Summary ......................................... 3.2-20

3.2-5 Ambient Air Quality Data – Citywide NO2 Monitoring Summary ...................................... 3.2-21

3.2-6 Ambient Air Quality Data – Citywide PM10 Monitoring Summary ................................... 3.2-22

3.2-7 Ambient Air Quality Data – Citywide PM2.5 Monitoring Summary .................................. 3.2-23

3.2-8 Summary of Project Construction Crew Activities ................................................................... 3.2-26

3.2-9 Summary of Activities for Each Construction Scenario ......................................................... 3.2-27

3.2-10 SCAQMD Air Quality Significance Threshold .............................................................................. 3.2-30

3.2-11 SCAQMD Localized Significance Threshold Values – Construction .................................. 3.2-31

3.2-12 Estimated Daily Emissions – Worst-Case Regional Emissions ........................................... 3.2-35

3.2-13 Estimated Daily Emissions – Construction Scenario 1 Localized ...................................... 3.2-37

3.2-14 Estimated Daily Emissions – Construction Scenario 2 Localized ...................................... 3.2-38

3.2-15 Estimated Daily Emissions – Regional Operations .................................................................. 3.2-42

3.2-16 Combined Construction and Operations Emissions ................................................................ 3.2-43

3.3-1 CDFW CNDDB Sensitive Communities that Occur within the City .................................... 3.3-16

3.3-2 Citywide Tree Canopy Area by Council District ........................................................................ 3.3-26

3.3-3 City of Los Angeles Street Tree Canopy Area and Composition ......................................... 3.3-27

3.4-1 Sedimentary Units and Rock Units in the Seven Project Zones .......................................... 3.4-13

3.4-2 Potential Tribal-Associated Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments ........................ 3.4-21

3.5-1 Major Regional Faults .............................................................................................................................3.5-8

3.6-1 Common Greenhouse Gases and Atmospheric Properties ......................................................3.6-2


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3.6-2 California Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory 2005–2015. ............................................ 3.6-15

3.6-3 Summary of Activities for Each Construction Scenario ......................................................... 3.6-17

3.6-4 Summary of Program Construction Crew Activities ............................................................... 3.6-21

3.6-5 Proposed Project Annual Construction-Related GHG Emissions ....................................... 3.6-22

3.6-6 Annual GHG Emissions – Proposed Project’s Operational Maintenance Vehicle

Trips ............................................................................................................................................................ 3.6-23

3.6-7 Change in Carbon Sequestration Resulting from Implementation of the Proposed

Project ......................................................................................................................................................... 3.6-24

3.6-8 Proposed Project Conformance with GHG Emissions Reduction Framework ............. 3.6-26

3.7-1 City of Los Angeles MS4 Permit Minimum Construction Site BMPs ................................. 3.7-12

3.8-1 City of Los Angeles MS4 Permit Minimum Construction Site BMPs ....................................3.8-5

3.8-2 Watersheds within the Project Study Area ....................................................................................3.8-7

3.8-3 Study Area Water Quality Impairments ....................................................................................... 3.8-11

3.8-4 Study Area Beneficial Uses ................................................................................................................. 3.8-14

3.8-5 Study Area Total Precipitation ......................................................................................................... 3.8-15

3.8-6 Depths to Groundwater ....................................................................................................................... 3.8-19

3.8-7 Water Storage during Various Tree Maturity Stages .............................................................. 3.8-21

3.9-1 City of Los Angeles Community Plans ..............................................................................................3.9-5

3.9-2 Applicable Policies of the City of Los Angeles Mobility Plan 2035 .................................... 3.9-15

3.9-3 Applicable Goals, Objectives, and Policies of the City of Los Angeles General

Plan Framework Element ................................................................................................................... 3.9-16

3.9-4 Applicable Goals, Objectives, and Policies of the City of Los Angeles Community

Plans ............................................................................................................................................................ 3.9-17

3.9-5 Applicable Goals, Objectives, and Policies of the San Pedro Coastal Land Use

Plan .............................................................................................................................................................. 3.9-21

3.9-6 Applicable Goals, Objectives, and Policies of the Venice Coastal Zone Specific

Plan and the Venice Local Coastal Program ................................................................................ 3.9-21

3.9-7 Goals of the Port Master Plan ............................................................................................................ 3.9-22

3.9-8 Goals of the LAX Master Plan ............................................................................................................ 3.9-22

3.9-9 Relationship between Project and City of Los Angeles Sustainability Documents .... 3.9-28

3.9-10 Alternative Materials Pilot Programs ............................................................................................ 3.9-37

3.10-1 OSHA Hearing Thresholds .................................................................................................................. 3.10-4

3.10-2 FHWA Building Reduction Factors ................................................................................................. 3.10-5

3.10-3 Guideline Vibration Damage Potential Threshold Criteria ................................................... 3.10-6

3.10-4 Guideline Vibration Annoyance Potential Criteria ................................................................... 3.10-6

3.10-5 Sampled Noise Measurement Locations and Noise Levels ................................................... 3.10-8

3.10-6 Vibration Impact Distances ............................................................................................................ 3.10-10

3.10-7 Scenario 1 Noise Modeling Results (10 Feet and 20 Feet) ................................................ 3.10-16

3.10-8 Scenario 2 Noise Modeling Results (10 and 20 Feet) .......................................................... 3.10-18

3.11-1 City of Los Angeles Fire Station Locations................................................................................... 3.11-5

3.11-2 Current Los Angeles Fire Department Emergency Operations Resources .................... 3.11-7

3.11-3 Los Angeles Fire Department 2017 Response Time Averages ........................................... 3.11-8


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3.11-4 Los Angeles Police Department Station Names and Locations ........................................ 3.11-10

3.11-5 Los Angeles Police Department Statistics ................................................................................. 3.11-11

3.12-1 Construction-Period Daily Trip Generation Estimates by Phase ....................................... 3.12-9

3.12-2 Construction-Period Daily Trip Generation Estimates by Year .......................................... 3.12-9

3.14-1 LADWP Projected Water Demand through 2040 ..................................................................... 3.14-9

3.14-2 Existing Available Class III Solid Waste Disposal Facilities ............................................... 3.14-12

3.14-3 Water Demand for Construction Activities .............................................................................. 3.14-16

3.14-4 Operational Water Demand ............................................................................................................ 3.14-21

3.14-5 Summary of Construction Plus Operations Impacts ............................................................ 3.14-23

3.15-1 LADWP Projected Energy Demand through 2040 ................................................................... 3.15-4

3.15-2 Summary of Construction Plus Operations Impacts ............................................................ 3.15-12

4.5-1 Growth Forecast for the County of Los Angeles .............................................................................. 4-6

4.5-2 Combined Worst-Case Estimated Daily Emissions Relative to the Regional Significance

Thresholds ....................................................................................................................................................4-10

4.5-3 Estimated Daily Emissions Relative to the Localized Significance Threshold .................4-11

5-1 Approximate Total Project Construction ........................................................................................... 5-5

5-2 Estimated Maximum Sidewalk Repair and Street Tree Removal under the Project ....... 5-6

5-3 Comparison of Impacts for Alternatives Carried Forward .......................................................5-11


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Figures

ES-1 Project Location .......................................................................................................................................... ES-3

1-1 EIR Process Overview ................................................................................................................................ 1-2

2-1 Project Location ............................................................................................................................................ 2-9

2-2 City of Los Angeles Council Districts ..................................................................................................2-11

2-3a Existing Sidewalk Conditions ................................................................................................................2-15

2-3b Existing Sidewalk Conditions ................................................................................................................2-16

2-4a Sidewalk Repair – Before and After ...................................................................................................2-17

2-4b Sidewalk Repair – Before and After ...................................................................................................2-18

2-5a Representative Site Plan for Sidewalk Repair ...............................................................................2-19

2-5b Representative Site Plan for Curb Ramp Repair ...........................................................................2-20

2-5c Representative Site Plan for Community Facility Access Repair ...........................................2-21

2-6 Photos of Existing Curb and Sidewalk Removed (above) Photo of Construction –

Root Pruning – Existing Sidewalk Removed (below) .................................................................2-22

2-7 Existing Sidewalk Removed and Root Pruning Complete .........................................................2-23

2-8 Photo of Construction Affecting Private Walkway .......................................................................2-24

2-9 Photo of Construction – Street Tree Root Pruning – Existing Sidewalk Removed .........2-25

2-10a Photo of Construction – Street Tree Removal ................................................................................2-26

2-10b Photo of Construction – Street Tree Removal ................................................................................2-27

3.1-1 State Scenic Highways in the Caltrans Program ..........................................................................3.1-9

3.1-2 City of Los Angeles General Plan Mobility Element 2035 Scenic Highway .................... 3.1-10

3.1-3 View of US Highway 1: Lincoln Boulevard .................................................................................. 3.1-14

3.1-4 View of US Highway 1: Lincoln Boulevard .................................................................................. 3.1-15

3.2-1 South Coast Air Basin ........................................................................................................................... 3.2-10

3.2-2 Windrose – CELA.................................................................................................................................... 3.2-15

3.2-3 Windrose – KCQT ................................................................................................................................... 3.2-16

3.2-4 Windrose – KLAX ................................................................................................................................... 3.2-17

3.2-5 Air Quality Monitoring Stations ....................................................................................................... 3.2-19

3.3-1a. Biological Sensitivity of the North Valley Project Zone.............................................................3.3-9

3.3-1b Biological Sensitivity of the South Valley Project Zone .......................................................... 3.3-10

3.3-1c Biological Sensitivity of the West Los Angeles Project Zone ............................................... 3.3-11

3.3-1d Biological Sensitivity of the Central Project Zone .................................................................... 3.3-12

3.3-1e Biological Sensitivity of the East Los Angeles Project Zone ................................................. 3.3-13

3.3-1f Biological Sensitivity of the Harbor Project Zone..................................................................... 3.3-14

3.3-2 Citywide Tree Canopy Distribution within Native Habitats and Urban Lands ............ 3.3-25

3.3-3 Analysis Street Tree Canopy Area Change Under the Sidewalk Repair Program ....... 3.3-39

3.4-1 Map of Historical Resources in Los Angeles ..................................................................................3.4-7

3.4-2 Invertebrate Paleontological Resources in the City ................................................................ 3.4-15

3.4-3 Vertebrate Palynological Resources in the City ........................................................................ 3.4-16


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3.4-4 Prehistoric and Historic Archaeological Sites and Survey Areas in the City ................. 3.4-18

3.5-1 Geologic Units .............................................................................................................................................3.5-4

3.5-2 Earthquake Fault Zones .........................................................................................................................3.5-7

3.5-3 Liquefaction Zones ...................................................................................................................................3.5-9

3.5-4 Landslide Zones ...................................................................................................................................... 3.5-11

3.6-1 Annual Carbon Sequestration ........................................................................................................... 3.6-25

3.8-1 Watersheds in the City of Los Angeles .............................................................................................3.8-8

3.8-2 Federal Emergency Management Agency Flood Insurance Rate Map ............................. 3.8-16

3.8-3 Groundwater in the City of Los Angeles ....................................................................................... 3.8-18

3.9-1 Land Use Distribution in the North Valley Project Zone ..........................................................3.9-7

3.9-2 Land Use Distribution in the South Valley Project Zone ...........................................................3.9-8

3.9-3 Land Use Distribution in the West Los Angeles Project Zone ................................................3.9-9

3.9-4 Land Use Distribution in the Central Los Angeles Project Zone ......................................... 3.9-10

3.9-5 Land Use Distribution in the East Los Angeles Project Zone ............................................... 3.9-11

3.9-6 Land Use Distribution in the South Los Angeles Project Zone ............................................ 3.9-12

3.9-7 Land Use Distribution in the Harbor Project Zone .................................................................. 3.9-13

3.9-8 Coastal Zone within the City of Los Angeles ............................................................................... 3.9-14

3.10-1 Typical Indoor and Outdoor Sound Pressure Levels .............................................................. 3.10-2

3.11-1 City of Los Angeles Fire Protection Facilities and Bureau Divisions ................................ 3.11-4

3.11-2 City of Los Angeles Police Protection Facilities and Bureau and Area Divisions ........ 3.11-9

3.16-1 Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone ............................................................................................ 3.16-8


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ICF 00680.16

List of Acronyms

Acronym Definition

°F degrees Fahrenheit

AB Assembly Bill

AB 1327 California Solid Waste Reuse and Recycling Access Act of 1991

Act Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007

ADA Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

AF acre-feet

ANSI American National Standards Institute

APCs Area Planning Commissions

APE Area of Potential Effects

AQMP Air Quality Management Plan

BACT best available control technology

Basin South Coast Air Basin

BCA Bureau of Contract Administration

Bicycle Plan or 2010 Plan City of Los Angeles 2010 Bicycle Plan

BMP best management practice

BMPs Best Management Practices

Board Board of Public Works Department

BOE Bureau of Engineering

BP Before Present

BSS Bureau of Street Services

CAA Clean Air Act

CAAQS California Ambient Air Quality Standards

CAL FIRE California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection

Cal OSHA California Division of Occupational Safety and Health

Cal/EPA California Environmental Protection Agency

CalARP California Accidental Release Prevention

Cal-EPA California Environmental Protection Agency

California Register California Register of Historical Resources

CalRecycle California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery

Caltrans California Department of Transportation

CA-MUTCD California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices

CAO City Administrative Officer

CAP Climate Action Plan

CARB California Air Resources Board

CAT Climate Action Team

CBC California Building Code

CCA California Coastal Act of 1976


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Acronym Definition

CCAA California Clean Air Act

CCR California Code of Regulations

CELA Central Los Angeles station

CEQA California Environmental Quality Act

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CESA California Endangered Species Act

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CGS California Geological Survey

CH4 methane

CIR Color Infrared

City City of Los Angeles

CIWMP County Integrated Waste Management Plan

CMP Congestion Management Program

CNDDB California Natural Diversity Database

CNPS California Native Plant Society

CO Carbon Monoxide

CO2 carbon dioxide

CO2e CO2 equivalents

COHb carboxyhemoglobin

Commission California Coastal Commission

CPUC California Public Utilities Commission

CRHR California Register of Historical Resources

CSE Countywide Siting Element

CTC county transportation commission

CTR California Toxics Rule

CUPA Certified Unified Program Agency

CWA Clean Water Act

CWA Clean Water Act

DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

DEM Digital Elevation Model

DOT Department of Transportation’s

DSM Digital Surface Model

DTSC Department of Toxic Substances Control

EIR Environmental Impact Report

EMS emergency medical services

EO Executive Order

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

ESA Endangered Species Act

ESA Environmentally Sensitive Area


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Acronym Definition

ESHA Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Area

EV electric vehicle

F Fahrenheit

FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency

Fire Code City of Los Angeles Fire Code

Fire Plan California Fire Plan

FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Map

FMP Floodplain Management Plan

FPS Fire Preemption System

Framework City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework Element

g/hr grams per hour

g/mi grams per mile

GHG greenhouse gas

GIS geographic information system

GW gigawatt

GWP global warming potential

H2S Hydrogen Sulfide

HCM Historic-Cultural Monument

HD National Program Heavy-Duty Vehicle Program

HFCs hydro-fluorocarbons

HI Hazard Index

HMBP Hazardous Materials Business Plan

HPOZ Historic Preservation Overlay Zone

HQTAs high quality transit areas

HSC Health and Safety Code

HTP Hyperion Treatment Plant

HUC Hydrologic Unit Code

I- Interstate

IPAC Information for Planning and Consulting

IRWMP Integrated Regional Water Management Plan

ISA International Society of Arboriculture

LA Metro Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority

LABOE Los Angeles Department of Public Works, Bureau of Engineering

LACFCD County of Los Angeles Flood Control District

LACFCD County of Los Angeles Flood Control District

LACI Los Angeles Cleantech Incubator

LADOT Los Angeles Department of Transportation

LADWP Los Angeles Department of Water and Power

LAFD Los Angeles Fire Department


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Acronym Definition

LAMC Los Angeles Municipal Code

LAPD Los Angeles Police Department

LAR-IAC Los Angeles Region Imagery Acquisition Consortium

LAUSD Los Angeles Unified School District

LAX Los Angeles International Airport

lb/day pound per day

LCPs Local Coastal Programs

LEA Local Enforcement Agency

LEV Low Emission Vehicle

LID low impact development

LID Low Impact Development

LOS Level of Service

LST localized significance threshold

Ma million years ago

MATES-IV Multiple Air Toxics Exposure Study

MBTA Migratory Bird Treaty Act

MEP maximum extent practicable

Metro Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority

mgd million gallons per day

Mmax maximum moment magnitude

MMTCO2e million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent

mpg miles per gallon

MPO Metropolitan Planning Organization

MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System

MTCO2e metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent

MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices

MW megawatts

MWD Metropolitan Water District

MWh megawatt hours

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards

NAHC Native American Heritage Commission

NCP National Contingency Plan

NFEP National Fuel Efficiency Policy

NFIP National Floodplain Insurance Program

NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration

NMFS National Marine Fisheries Services

NO Nitric oxide

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration


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Acronym Definition

NOP Notice of Preparation

NOX nitrogen oxides

NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System

NRHP National Register of Historic Places

NTR National Toxics Rule

O3 Ozone

OEHHA Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment

OPR Office of Planning and Research

OSHA’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s

Pb lead

PCBs polychlorinated biphenyls

PFCs perfluorocarbons

PIRP Power Integrated Resource Plan

pLAn Sustainable City pLAn

PM10 particulate matter ten microns or less in diameter

PM2.5 fine particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter

Porter-Cologne Act Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act

ppd per person per day

ppm parts-per-million

PRC Public Resources Code

Prioritization System Prioritization Matrix and Scoring System

PSD Prevention of Significant Deterioration

PUC Public Utility Commission

PVC polyvinyl chloride

PWD Public Works Department

RARE Rare, Threatened, or Endangered Species

RCB Root Control Barriers

RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976

RENEW LA Recovering Energy, Natural Resources, and Economic Benefit from Waste for Los Angeles

ROW right-of-way

RTP regional transportation plan

RTP/SCS Regional Transportation Plan/Sustainable Communities Strategy

RTPs Regional Transportation Plans

RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board

SB Senate Bill

SCAG Southern California Association of Governments

SCAG Southern California Association of Governments

SCAQMD South Coast Air Quality Management District


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Acronym Definition

SCE Southern California Edison

Scoping Plan CARB AB 32 Scoping Plan

SCS sustainable communities strategy

SEA Significant Ecological Area

Settlement Willits vs. City of Los Angeles Settlement Term Sheet

SF6 sulfur hexafluoride

SHPO State Historic Preservation Officer

SIP State Implementation Plan

SMU Site Mitigation Unit

SO2 Sulfur Dioxide

SOI Secretary of the Interior

SOX sulfur oxides

SR- State Route

SRAs Source Receptors Areas

Summary Plan Management Summary Plan

SWIRP Solid Waste Integrated Resources Plan

SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board

TAC Toxic air contaminants

TCR Tribal Cultural Resource

TDM Transportation Demand Management

TEP Transportation Electrification Partnership

TIA traffic impact analysis

TMDL develop total maximum daily loads

tpd tons per day

TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act

UFD Urban Forestry Division

Unified Program Unified Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Materials Management Regulatory Program

US- United States Highway

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

USC United States Code

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

USFS United States Forest Service

USFWS U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

USTs underground storage tanks

UWMP Urban Water Management Plan

VMT vehicle miles traveled

VOC volatile organic compounds

WATCH Work Area Traffic Control Handbook

WDRs Waste Discharge Requirements


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Acronym Definition

WIRP Water Integrated Resources Plan

WoS waters of the state

WoUS water of the United States

WQS water quality standards

WRCC Western Regional Climate Center

WSA water supply assessment

WTCP Worksite Traffic Control Plan

X-SO42- Sulfates

μg/m3 micrograms per cubic meter