dr. s. capaccioli prof. f. pegoraro università di pisa scuola di dottorato galileo galilei school...
TRANSCRIPT
Dr. S. Capaccioli Prof. F. Pegoraro
Università di PisaScuola di Dottorato Galileo
GalileiSchool of Graduate Studies
Applied Physics
GALILEIAN SEMINARS:
"High Pressure Studies of
Matter"
An “ancestor” of pressure experiments: Firenze (1667)
Magalotti 1667,
“Saggi di naturali
Esperienze”
One of the question of Accademia del Cimento:Can the volume of liquids be reduced by an external
perturbation?Some experiments about the compression of water
Maxim: <<...PROVANDO E RIPROVANDO, si riesce talora di dar nel segno…>>
Pressing on: The legacy of Percy W. Bridgman (1882-1962) Paul McMillian, Nat.Mat.2005
1946, Nobel Prize for High Pressure Physics
Max Pressure 105 bar=10 GPa
Equation of state of materials, polymorphism,amorphization
Isopropyl alcohol
2011: 65th anniversary of Nobel Prize to Bridgman
Is it high pressure an obsolete subject, ready for retirement?
Not at all!
In the last decades several improvements: - P up to some Megabar=100-400 GPa- dramatic changes in physical and chemical properties of matter, up to to the formation of new classes of materials.
-Modification of structure and bonding with compression,- pressure-induced phase transitions and polymorphism, - tuning of vibrational dynamics, -new states of electronic and magnetic order,- etc.
High pressure Studies of Matter interesting for:Condensed Matter PhysicsChemistryAstrophysicsGeophysics
Ichimura, Phys Rep 1995
Seminars29/04/2010 - S. Scandolo (ICTP Trieste): “Ab-initio simulations of matter at extreme conditions: a window into the centers of planets”
14/05/2010 - F. Gorelli (CNR-IPCF, FI): “Inelastic X-ray scattering investigation on matter under high pressure”
21/05/2010 - M. Santoro (Lens, FI): “High pressure physics of simple systems”
27/05/2010 - D. Batani (Physics Dept., MI Bicocca): “Laser driven shock waves and measurements of equation of state of matter in the multi-megabar pressure range”
Room 131, building C, Department of Physics