dr peter dawson principal scientist environmental risk management authority nz adoption and...
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Dr Peter Dawson
Principal Scientist
Environmental Risk Management Authority NZ
Adoption and Implementation of the GHS in New Zealand
UNITAR Global Thematic Workshop on the GHS15-18 November 2005
South Africa
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HSNO ActAll hazardous substances regulated in NZ by
• Hazardous Substances & New Organisms Act 1996
Law commenced 2 July 2001 for haz subs• Adopts GHS classification framework
• All hazardous substances must be APPROVEDAPPROVED by ERMA - positive approvals process
Transitional Arrangements in place until transfer of existing substances completed
• Existing regulations under Explosives Act, Dangerous Goods Act, Toxic Substances Act, Pesticides Act retained (July 2006)
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Key aspects of HSNOEnvironmental and H&S legislation
Deals only with Hazardous Substances
Substances are single chemicals & mixtures (e.g. formulated products)
Hazardous/non-hazardous threshold is the lower boundary of the lowest classification for each GHS hazard class
Definition of thresholds of hazard specified in regulation (Minimum Degrees of Hazard Regulations)
Cradle to grave approach – sets controls on lifecycle of substances (packaging, labeling, storage, use, disposal, emergency preparedness)
Setting of controls based on classifications
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HSNO Regulatory “Toolbox”
Hazardous substances Threshold
Classification• Explosive • Flammable• Oxidising• Corrosive• Toxic • Ecotoxic
Required information (Haz. Subst.)
Property performance requirements Lifecycle performance requirements
Small scale exempt Laboratories
Enforcement officer, test certifier competencies
Fireworks for public sale
HSNO Act & Regulations
Explosive
Flammable
Oxidising
Toxic incl bio corrosives
Ecotoxic
Disposal
Identification
Packaging
Emergency preparedness
Tracking
Competency
Compressed gas containers
Bulk containers (fixed and moveable)
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RegulationsMinimum Degrees of Hazard Regulations 2001
Classification Regulations 2001
Class 1 to 5 Controls Regulations 2001
Class 6, 8 & 9 Controls Regulations 2001
Packaging Regulations 2001
Identification Regulations 2001
Emergency Management Regulations 2001
Disposal Regulations 2001
Tracking Regulations 2001
Personnel Qualifications Regulations 2001
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Hazard ClassificationCovers the six hazardous propertiesAll hazards currently classified (for the most part) as per GHS in May 2001
• some discrepancies with final version - aerosolsBut NZ classifications have some additions to GHS
• Ecotoxicity (class 9) includes soil, terrestrial vertebrate and invertebrate ecotoxicity - based largely on US EPA criteria
Guidance on classification – data requirements, mixture rules, etc, given in ERMA User Guide to HSNO Thresholds and Classifications
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Features of NZ Classification Regulations
Created a classification description based on:
• Class number e.g. Class 6 - toxicity• Subclass number e.g. 6.1 – acute toxicity
• Hazard category e.g. A – LD50 5mg/kg
• Combination of the class, subclass and category constitutes a hazard classification - 6.1A
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Physical Hazard Classifications
Property Explosiveness Flammability Capacity to oxidise
Class Class 1 Class2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5
Subclass 1.1 Mass
explosion
1.2 Projection
1.3 Fire & minor blast
1.4 No
significant hazard
1.5 Very
insensitive
1.6 Extremely insensitive
2.1.1 Gases
2.1.2 Aerosols
3.1 Liquids
3.2 Liquid
Desensitised explosive
4.1.1 Readily
combustible
4.1.2 Self
reactive
4.1.3 Desensitised
explosive
4.2 Spontaneously
combustible
4.3 Dangerous
when wet
5.1.1 Liquids /solids
5.1.2 Gases
5.2 Organic peroxide
1.1A 2.1.1A 2.1.2A 3.1A 3.2A 4.1.1A 4.1.2A 4.1.3A 4.2A 4.3A 5.1.1A 5.1.2A 5.2A
1.1B 1.2B 1.4B 2.1.1B 3.1B 3.2B 4.1.1B 4.1.2B 4.1.3B 4.2B 4.3B 5.1.1B 5.2B
1.1C 1.2C 1.3C 1.4C 3.1C 3.2C 4.1.2C 4.1.3C 4.2C 4.3C 5.1.1C 5.2C
1.1D 1.2D 1.4D 1.5D 3.1D 4.1.2D 5.2D
1.1E 1.2E 1.4E 4.1.2E 5.2E
Hazard
Classification
1.1F 1.2F 1.3F 1.4F 4.1.2F 5.2F
1.1G 1.2G 1.3G 1.4G 4.1.2G 5.2G
1.2H 1.3H
1.1J 1.2J 1.3J
1.2K 1.3K
1.1L 1.2L 1.3L
1.6N
1.4S
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Biological Hazard Classifications
Property Toxicity Corrosiveness Ecotoxicity Class Class 6 Class 8 Class 9 Sub-Class 6.1
Acutely toxic
6.3 Skin
irritant
6.4 Eye
irritant
6.5 Sensitisation
6.6 Mutagen
6.7 Carcinogen
6.8 Reproductive / developmental
6.9 Target organ
systemic
8 1 Metallic
corrosive
8.2 Skin
corrosive
8.3 Eye
corrosive
9.1 Aquatic
9.2 Soil
9.3 Terrestrial Vertebrate
9.4 Terrestrial
Invertebrate
6.1 A
6.3A 6.4A 6.5 A
6.6 A
6.7 A
6.8 A
6.9 A
8.1A 8.2 A
8.3 A
9.1 A
9.2 A
9.3 A
9.4 A
6.1 B
6.3B 6.5 B
6.6 B
6.7 B
6.8 B
6.9 B
8.2 B
9.1 B
9.2 B
9.3 B
9.4 B
6.1 C
6.8 C
8.2 C
9.1 C
9.2 C
9.3 C
9.4 C
6.1 D
9.1 D
9.2 D
Hazard Classification
6.1E
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Classification of Chemicals
Hazard classification data on chemicals, mixtures, kept on internal database
2500 chemicals fully classified against GHS endpoints at present
Further 3500 chemicals partially classified
Eventually will make publicly available - assist industry to prepare applications, choose less hazardous components for formulations
Looking for synergies with overseas lists eg HSIS in Australia
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Classifications & controlsClassifications are tools to indicate appropriate controls
• labelling, safety information (GHS aligned)• Packaging (UNRTDG), emergency response, disposal, restricted
use
Each classification triggers a suite of controls
Controls are performance based• Say what should be achieved, not how to achieve
Codes of practice provide means for achieving regulatory requirements
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HSNO Labelling Requirements
Performance based expressed in outcomes
GHS label elements represent a means of compliance
GHS labelling elements not mandated in HSNO regulations
Priority identifiers – pictograms, signal words
Secondary identifiers – precautionary statements
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Codes of Practice Programme
Signage (NZCIC) - GHS based - approved September 2004
Management of Agrichemicals – approved Sept 2004
Exempt Laboratories – approved June 2004
SDS (NZCIC)(GHS based – 16 header) – approval December 2005
Labelling (NZCIC & AGCARM) (based on GHS) – approval late 2005?
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Capacity Building Initiatives
Workshops/training programmes for enforcement officers and advisorsGuidance documents, codes of practice developed by ERMA and industryNZCIC developing electronic compliance toolIndustry associations/regulatory agencies fully engaged, SMEs/workforce level less soNeed for capacity building at worker/public level
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GHS – issues with implementation
HSNO classification, labelling and SDS regulations based on GHSIssues:• Classification of mixtures with lack of data available
on components• Lack of data available consistent with HSNO/GHS
endpoints, particularly ecotoxic data• Interpreting hazardous/non-hazardous thresholds
for mixtures with chronic toxic components• Applying/adapting GHS hazard based labelling to
risk based situations
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HSNO IssuesReview December 2002 on hazardous substances aspects of HSNO found
• Innovative approach• Reflects international trends• Generally supported by industry & govt agencies
But identified 5 areas requiring attention• Risk versus hazard• Cost of approvals• Complexity of performance based controls• Enforcement/compliance• Transfer of existing substances
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Group Standards
New approvals mechanismGroupings based on similar risk, type or circumstances of use, rather than solely hazardConditions applying to standards relate to both regulatory requirements (e.g. labels and packaging) and obligations (eg notification) and restrictions (eg use)Controls more direct, prescriptive eg mandates GHS label elements – guide developed using proposed GHS codification system for identifying hazard and precautionary statements required
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ConclusionsHSNO adopts GHS classification frameworkApprox 6000 chemicals classified – lack of applicable data a problemHazard communication controls allow adoption of GHS but do not mandate itApplying/adapting GHS hazard based labeling to risk based situations an issueCodes of practice for SDS and Labeling based on GHS hazard communication systemFurther GHS labeling guidance material necessaryGHS awareness good at government, industry association, company management level, but more understanding/capacity building needed at worker/public levelFull GHS implementation still some years away in NZ
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ERMA New Zealand
Contact details• www.ermanz.govt.nz