dr. neil s. suits [email protected] wf: 9:20-1130; 896-5931
Post on 19-Dec-2015
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TRANSCRIPT
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Our spheres of study:
Lithosphere lots
Hydrospheresome
Pedosphere little
Atmospheresome
Biosphere little
Noösphere no
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Credit where credit is due:
I’ve gotten most of this material from web sources and textbooks resources, and from other Earth Science courses available on the Web. I will give the web addresses and proper credit as the course moves along.
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Rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Volcanoes
Intrusions
Weathering
SoilsErosion
WaterUnderground Surface
Oceans
Wind
Glaciers
Fossils
Earth History
Earth’s Interior
Earthquakes
Mountains
Plate Tectonics
Other Planets
Mineral Resources
What is Physical Geology?
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But first…
If these rocks could talk, what would they tell us?
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~14.9 GA (GigaAnnum, i.e,
Billion Years)
today
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~ 300,000 years after the Big Bang
The first map of the Universe. Not homogeneous.
Cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy. First detected by the COBE DMR instrument.
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Typical spiral galaxy. Similar to ‘our’ Milk Way Galaxy’
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http://faculty.rmwc.edu/tmichalik/NebandStar.htm
Star Birth and Formation
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Magnetic fields around a sunspot
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SUN Rocky inner planets
The giant Gas planets of the outer solar system
Hydrogen, Helium, methane, water, ammonia
Silicates with Iron/Nickel cores
Hyd
rog
en (74%
), so
me h
elium
(24%)
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Our moon: Luna
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Current hypothesis: Luna was formed as a result of an impact by a Mars-sized object in the early stages of Solar System formation.
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Lunar impact craters
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Crater Tycho
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Close up of Tycho
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The lunar interior: crust, mantle core
Mostly rock, very small iron core; cooled and tectonically inactive
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Mars
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Craters on Mars
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The Martian ice cap
Frozen water?
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View of the surface of Mars from the Martian lander
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Wind-formed dunes on MarsAtmosphere: 0.7% of the Earth’s atmospheric pressure; 95%
Carbon Dioxide (CO2), 3% Nitrogen (N2); 1.7% Argon, 0.1% Oxygen (O2)
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Olympus Mons
The largest mountain in the Solar System
Why is it so big?
~ 625 km (324 miles) diameter
Scarp Height ~ 6 km (4 miles)
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Olympus Mons on an overcast day
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Evidence for water on mars