dr. ir. manerep pasaribu from perpective of strategic ... · from perpective of strategic...
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From Perpective of Strategic Management:
Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Disampaikan Dalam IKATM USU “Business Engineering Workshop” Emerald Garden Hotel, Medan, 19 November 2016
Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! !"
KNOWLEDGE, INNOVATION, and ENTREPRENEURSHIP © Manerep Pasaribu KPG 59 16 011136 Cetakan Pertama, April 2016 Penyunting Denis L. Toruan Robertus Rony Setiawan Rayendra L. Toruan Perancang Sampul Teguh Erdyan Penata Letak Toto Sudaryanto Baskara PASARIBU, Manerep Knowledge, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia, 2016 xxxiv + 486; 15 cm x 23 cm ISBN: 978-602-6208-11-8
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From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! ;"
TEORI PERTUMBUHAN (Growth Theory) Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development (Schumpeter, 1951; Ronstadt, 1984)
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)"0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapura
Jepang
USA
"!% dari populasi"
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
Idealnya sebuah
negara maju mempunyai
Entrepreneur > 2%
11,5%"
11%"
7,2%"
3%"
1,65%"
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
Sumber: Tempo, 3-9 Oktober 2016 (diolah)14
Entrepreneurship Economic & Growth Development
negara maju mempunyai
Entrepreneur
%
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
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The Power of Entrepreneurship
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
LAND
Knowledge Based Economy
(Value Added Creation)
Sumber : Leibold, Probst, & Gibbert, 2005
=1"F*#2'W0#2#'X$-$Y"3"+203'CAPITAL
Economy (Value Added Creation)
Economy (Value Added Creation)
INNOVATION BEST PRACTICE
TECHNOLOGY
INNOVATION BEST PRACTICE
="
LABOUR KNOWLEDGE
Entrepreneur/Entrepreneurship
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
“Innovation is the Specific
Tool of Entrepreneur”
(Peter F. Drucker, 1985)
“There is no Innovation
without Knowledge” (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995)
Entrepreneur”(Peter F. Drucker, 1985)
“There is no Innovation
without Leadership”
(De Meyer & Sam Gard, 2005)
>"
#"Hal. Cover
3 Mazhab:
“There is no “There is no “There is no
Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship
“There is no
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship
“There is no
Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship
“There is no
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
?"
3 Mazhab + 1P:
“Paranoia is a key trait in entrepreneurial Success”
- Andrew S. Grove - Histrich R.D et. Al, 2013 #"
Hal. 361
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! @"
Kerangka Buku: “Knowledge-Innovation-Entrepreneurship”
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Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995), dimodifikasi Manerep Pasaribu
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
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From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Strategic Entrepreneurship
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! LM"
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Definisi Inovasi menurut De Meyer & Garg (2005)
1. Customer dan atau user
2. Mempengaruhi value / price relationships
3. Memberi perubahan drastis
4. Mempunyai hubungan dengan new technology
5. Membawa kesuksesan secara ekonomi pada perusahaan
LL"
“Innovation is the economically success for introduction of a new technology or a
new combination of existing techonologies in order to create a drastic change in the
value/ price relationship offered to the customer and/or user.” (De Meyer & Garg, 2005)
Definisi Inovasi menurut
1. Customer dan atau user
2. Mempengaruhi value / price relationships
3. Memberi perubahan drastis
4. Mempunyai hubungan dengan new technology
5. Membawa kesuksesan secara ekonomi pada perusahaan
Arnoud de Meyer Sam Garg
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship
L!"
INNOVATION (INOVASI)
Inovasi sebagai keberhasilan secara sosial dan ekonomi karena
diperkenalkannya cara baru atau kombinasi baru dari cara lama dalam mengubah input menjadi output sedemikian rupa sehingga
dihasilkan perubahan besar dalam perbandingan antara nilai manfaat dan
Harga menurut persepsi konsumen dan/ atau pengguna (Fontana 2009).
Inovasi merupakan perubahan strategis yang menciptakan nilai.
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
PELUANG (Opportunity)
ENTREPRENEUR MELIHAT DAN MENCARI PELUANG UNTUK MEMPERTAHANKAN DAYA SAING"
ENTREPRENEUR
1
1
1
1
Implementasi
2
L;"
#"Hal. 287
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
The entrepreneur always searches for change, responds to it, and exploits it as an opportunity
(Peter F. Drucker)
L<"
”Inovasi merupakan instrumen
kewirausahaan”. (Peter F. Drucker 1985, 1993)"
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Kewirausahaan merupakan serangkaian aktivitas dinamis penciptaan kesejahteraan (wealth) mulai dari penciptaan atau penemuan peluang kewirausahaan,
pengorganisasian sumber daya, pematangan sumber daya dengan kreativitas dalam proses inovasi, penciptaan kinerja termasuk di sini pembangunan daya saing (competitive advantage) dan penciptaan kekayaan secara sosial dan ekonomi
(kesejahteraan, wealth creation). Lihat Drucker 1985, Kao 1995, Ireland et. al., 2003, Fontana 2009, Fontana 2011, Fontana 2015, Fontana et. al. 2015).'
L="
ENTREPRENEURSHIP (KEWIRAUSAHAAN)
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! L>"
Small Business Management, 11th edition Longenecker, Moore, and Petty @ 2000 South-Western College Publishing, diolah
Pendiri (Founder)
•! Bill Gate (Microsoft), Donald Trump (Trump Entertainment Resorts), Warren Buffet (Berkshire Hathaway), Prof. Dr. T.D. Pardede (Pardede Grup), D.L. Sitorus (PT Torganda), H.W. Hutahaean (PT Hutahaean), Chairul Tanjung (CTCorp), Nurdin Tampubolon (NTCorp), Jonner Napitupulu (Lyduma Group), Benny Siagian (Petronesia Benimel), Charles Simorangkir (Dietzel Indonesia), Edison Lo (Proteknik Mega Persada),Mahendra T.Sitepu(Inkubator Start-up)
Pemimpin Perusahaan (CEO) •! Jack Welch (GE), Tanri Abeng (Bir
Bintang), Dahlan Iskan (PLN), Helman Sembiring (JCIT, Samudera Indonesia), Hasrul Hasan, N.A. Setiawan (Inalum), Dimpos Tampubolon (PT BUM), Eddie Widiono, Fahmi Mochtar (Eks Dirut PLN), Handry Satriago (CEO GE Indonesia), Dwi Soetjipto (Dirut Pertamina), Bambang Eka Cahyana (PT Pelindo I), Jamsaton Nababan (PT Pertamina).
Waralaba (Franchise)
•! Circle K, KFC, Texas Fried Chicken, Mc Donald, A & W, Pizza Hut, Spinelli Cofee, Restoran Wendys Store Lawson, The Coffee Bean, Produk Kesehatan GNC 7-Eleven, Hanamasa (RM Jepang), Pendidikan KIDZART, Pendidikan ELC, Ajisen Ramen, Rumah Makan Sederhana, dll
(Founder)Bill Gate (Microsoft), Donald Trump Jack Welch (GE), Tanri Abeng (Bir
(Franchise)Circle K, KFC, Texas Fried
Tiga Tipe dari Wirausaha (Entrepreneur)
#"Hal. 268
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Laba (Profit) Kebebasan Kepuasan Menjalani Hidup
Bebas dari rutinitas
kebosanan dan pekerjaan yang
tidak menantang
Make Money
Be Your Own Boss
Enjoy a Satisfying Life
Bebas dari batasan gaji
standar untuk pekerjaan
distandarisasikan
Bebas dari pengawasan dan aturan birokrasi
organisasi
L?"
Imbalan Kewirausahaan (Entrepreneurship)
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Keunggulan Daya Saing
Dari Perusahaan-perusahaan
yang Dikelola Secara
Kewirausahaan"
Fokus pada Pelanggan •!Sedikit birokrasi
Kualitas Kinerja •!Kualitas kinerja dapat serupa dengan perusahaan besar
Integritas dan Tanggung Jawab •!Reputasi yang solid membangun pelanggan yang loyal.
Inovasi (Innovation) •!Perusahaan-perusahaan kecil yang menjadi sumber inovasi.
Biaya Produksi Rendah (Low-Cost Production) •!Kecenderungan manajemen menghasilkan biaya produksi yang
rendah.
L@"
#"Hal. 267
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! LK"
Case: Nurdin Tampubolon (NT Corp)'
#"Hal. 361
“Only the paranoid survive!” “ Paranoia is a key trait in entrepreneurial Success.”
- Andrew S. Grove (Chairman of Board of Intel Corporation
Entrepreneur/Entrepreneurship yang “Tak Pernah Tidur”
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! !M"
#"Hal. 365
THE SIGMOID CURVE OF NT CORP'
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Karakteristik Entrepreneur'
#"Hal. 361
Karakteristik EntrepreneurP8$3'%$-*50&03]
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Tajam melihat peluang/Opportunity
Detail, efisien (”1 kg paku = 1 kg emas”)
Kerja keras/Cerdas/”Tidak pernah Tidur”
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Karakteristik Dari
Wirausaha yang Sukses"
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship
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#"Hal. 285
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Kesempatan' Tingkatan Resiko'
Memulasi sebuah bisnis" Resiko Tinggi
Akuisisi sebuah perusahaan" Resiko Sedang
Membuka franchised bisnis" Resiko Sedang
Memulai bisnis keluarga" Resiko Bervariasi
!;"
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Risk
Kelemahan Dari Seorang Wirausaha
!<"
Small Business Management, 11th edition Longenecker, Moore, and Petty @ 2000 South-Western College Publishing, diolah
Long Hours Stress Egoistic Otoriter
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! !="
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Contoh Organisasi Wijaya Karya Menerapkan KM Inovasi dan Entrepreneurship dengan Cara: '
#"Hal. xxix
Proses Bisnis, SOP, Metode Kerja, Cara Kerja, Know How, dan Best Practice "
Proses Bisnis, SOP, Metode Kerja, Cara Kerja,
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
A Model of Strategic Entrepreneurship
!>"
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Entrepreneurial Culture and
Entrepreneurial Leadership
Managing Resources
Strategically
Applying Vreativity
and Developing Innovation
Competitive Advantage
Wealth
Entrepreneurial
Applying Vreativity
Developing Innovation
Competitive Advantage
Managing
Strategically
#"Hal. 282
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
“Innovation” as process which can
be organized an managed, whether in a start-up venture or in renewing a 100 –year-old business.
managed, whether in
“Entrepreneurship” as the motive power to drive this process through the efforts
of passionate individuals, engaged teams and focused
networking.
to drive this process
“Creating value” as the purpose for
innovatives, whether expressed in
financial terms, employment or
growth, sustainability, or improvement of social welfare.
Three Core Concepts
“Creating as the
!?"
#"Hal. 279
From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Sumber: The Knowledge-Creating Company (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995)
The New Focus on “Knowledge” as a Competitive Resources
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!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Entrepreneur Opportunity
Resources
Fits & Gaps Business Plan/Business Model
Opportunity
Business Plan/Business Model
Entrepreneur
Business Plan/Business Model
Opportunity Entrepreneur
Resources
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Uncertainty Uncertainty
Uncertainty
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From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
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From Perpective of Strategic Management: Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” !
Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship!Dr. Ir. Manerep Pasaribu!
TENTANG PENULIS
!Knowledge, Innovation, & Entrepreneurship ! “There is no Innovation without Knowledge” ! “Innovation is the Specific Tool of Entrepreneur” ! “There is no Innovation without Leadership” ! ;L"