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Dr. George Kaptay List of publications and independent1 citations (February, 2011)

h-index = 13 (based on independent citations2), dh/dt = 1 /year since 2000 Cumulatíve impact factor: around 72, Partial cumulatíve impact factor: around 41 136 journal papers, 6 book chapters, 115 proceedings papers + 14 other papers = 271

papers, 833 independent citations (3.1 citations/paper)

Content Journal papers 2 Book chapters 72 Edited books or special journal issues 75 Papers on non-scientific subjects 76 Proceedings papers 78 Selected manuscripts 103 Statistics for publications and citations 105 Ex-students publications and citations 106 h-index count 107

1 Independent citations: none of the authors overlap in the citing and cited papers. Citations, published in any

journal, proceedings, book chapters or Thesis count, except those Thesis, for which I am a supervisor. 2 See papers: J84, J46, J102, J11, P41, P79, P87, J48, J57, J23, P77, J28, J80 all with at least 13

independent citations.

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J. Journal papers (IF = journal impact factors) J136. I.Budai, O.Z.Nagy, G.Kaptay: Inversion of a liquid Bi/Al metallic emulsion stabilized by solid SiC particles, Coll Surf A, 2011, vol.377, pp.325-329 (2009-IF = 1.988) J.135. O.Verezub, Z.Kálazi, A.Sytcheva, L.Kuzsella, G.Buza, N.V.Verezub, A.Fedorov, G.Kaptay: Performance of a cutting tool made of steel matrix surface nano-composite produced by in-situ laser melt injection technology – J Mater Process Technol, 2011, vol.211, pp.750-758 (2009-IF = 1.420) J134. I.Budai, G.Kaptay: Monotectic Al/Cd alloys with homogeneously dispersed Cd-droplets stabilized by strontium aluminide precipitates – Intermetallics, 2011, vol.19. pp.423-425 (2009-IF = 2.231). J.133. Kaptay Gy.: Határfelületi jelenségek a fémesanyaggyártásban. 4.rész. A határfelületi gradiens erő – BKL Kohászat, 2010., 143. évf., 5. szám, 45-54.o. (IF = 0) J.132. G.Kaptay: The Extension of the Phase Rule to Nano-Systems and on the Quaternary Point in One-Component Nano Phase Diagrams - J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 2010, vol.10, pp.8164–8170. (2009-IF = 1.435). J.131. M.Reger, B.Vero, I.Kardos, E.R.Fabian, G.Kaptay: Diffusion of carbon int he centerline region of continuous cast slabs – Mater Sci Forum, 2010, vol.659, pp.441-446. J.130. Kaptay Gy.: Határfelületi jelenségek a fémesanyaggyártásban. 3.rész. A görbület indukálta határfelületi erő – BKL Kohászat, 2010., 143. évf., 3. szám, 33-38. J.129. P.Baumli, J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay: Perfect wettability of carbon by liquid aluminum achieved by a multifunctional flux. J Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp. 5177-5190 (2009-IF = 1.471) J129-c1. I.N.Orbulov: Infiltration of ceramic microballons by liquid metals – research plan for SCIEX-

NMS, February, 2011, 12 pp. – „There are many papers int he professional literature which are dealing with the phenomenon of infiltartion [J129]” – p.9.

J.128. Á.E. Horváth, F. Járai-Szabó, G.Kaptay, R.Vajtai, Z.Néda: Pattern formation and selection in nanotube arrays - Univ Polit Bucharest Sci Bull – Ser A - Appl Math Phys, 2010, vol.72, Iss.1, pp.27-32. J.127. I.Budai, G.Kaptay: Wettability of SiC and alumina particles by liquid Bi under liquid Al – J. Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.2090-2098. (2009-IF = 1.471)

J.126. Kaptay Gy.: Határfelületi jelenségek a fémesanyaggyártásban. 2.rész. A határfelületi összehúzó erő – BKL Kohászat, 2009., 142. évf., 6. szám, 37-46.

J.125. J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay: Influence of alkali metal on the erosion of a graphite cathode and morphology of carbon nanotubes – Electrochim Acta, 2009, vol.54, pp. 6725-6731. (IF = 3.325)

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J125-c1. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „Kaptay and co-workers also investigated the electrolytic preparation method. Carbonaceous products were prepared by using various molten salt electrolytes and fundamental studies likewise suggested alkali metal intercalation into graphite as an essntial step of the process [J125]” – p.151

J125-c2. A.R.Kamali, D.J.Fray, C.Schwandt: Thermokinetic characterisation of lithium chloride – J Therm Anal Calorim, 2010, doi 10.1007/s10973-010-1045-9. “More recent investigations have shown that intercalation of lithium into graphite may also proceed at elevated temperatures as high as 625 to 900 C [J125]” – p.1.

J.124. O. Verezub, Z. Kálazi, G. Buza, N. V. Verezub, G. Kaptay: Classification of laser beam induced surface engineering technologies and in situ synthesis of steel matrix surface nanocomposites - Surface Engineering, published online on 3 June, 2009, DOI number: 10.1179/174329409X446296 (see at http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/se/pre-prints/sur451) (2008-IF = 0.432) J.123. Kaptay György: Határfelületi jelenségek a fémesanyaggyártásban. 1. rész. A határfelületi erők osztályozása. BKL Kohászat, 2009., 142. évf., 3. szám, 39-46.o. Helyreigazítás: 2009., 142. évf., 5. szám, 43. o. J.122. O. Verezub, Z. Kálazi, G. Buza, N.V. Verezub, G. Kaptay: In-situ synthesis of a carbide reinforced steel matrix surface nanocomposite by laser melt injection technology and subsequent heat treatment, Surface & Coatings Technology, 2009, vol. 203, pp.3049-3057. (IF = 1.793) J122-c1. E.Laszlo, A.Sytcheva, J.Szucs: Drilling of aluminium alloys and composites – Diáktudomány,

A Miskolci Egyetem tudományos diákköri munkáiból, 2010, Miskolc, pp.87-98, ISBN 978-963-661-932-9 – “A kompozitok és nano-kompozitok fejlesztése az egyik fontos mérnöki feladat anyagtudomány és gépgyártástechnológia határterületén [J122]”.

J122-c2. M.J.Hamedi, M.J.Torkamany, J.Sabbaghzadeh: Effect of pulsed laser parameters on in-situ TiC synthesis in laser surface treatment – Opt Lasers Eng, 2011, vol.49, pp.557-563. – “Recently, the applications of the titanium carbide (TiC) composites have been increased … [J122]..” – p.557.

J.121. I.Budai, G.Kaptay: A new class of engineering materials: particles stabilized metallic emulsions and monotectic alloys, Metall. Mater Trans A, 2009, vol.40A, pp.1524-1528. (IF = 1.564) J121-c1. S.E.Friberg: Foams from Non-aqueous systems – Curr Opinion Coll Interface Sci, 2010,

vol.15, pp.359-364 – “The analysis of stability and general properties of solid foams, on the other hand, has gained a separate place in the scientific literature against the fact that their properties are as much dependent on details of their preparation and manufacturing as on basic collid phenomena and the latter have first been adequately examined [J121].” – p.359, “In the area of metallic foams truly significant progress was made by Kaptay and collaborators [121]….” – p. 362.

J.120. T.Gábor, F.H.Kármán, J.Sytchev, E.Kálmán, G.Kaptay: The separation of carbon nanotubes from chlorides – Carbon, 2009, vol.47, pp.1195-1198. (IF = 4.504) J120-c1. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by

electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „The separation of the nano-structured components from residual salt and unreacted graphite needs to be optimized. In this context, the suitability of a recently developed extraction technique using ethil acetate [J120] will be ascertained” – p.158

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J.119. O.N.Verezub, G.Kaptay, G.Buza, N.V.Verezub: The modification of surface layers of materials by laser alloying method. Part II. Laser melt injection technology of instrumental carbon steels - Journal of Functional Materials, 2008, vol.2, No.4, pp.137-143. (in Russian). (IF = 0) J.118. O.N.Verezub, G.Kaptay, G.Buza, N.V.Verezub: The modification of surface layers of materials by laser alloying method. Part I. Journal of Functional Materials, 2008, vol.2, No.3, pp.82-91. (in Russian). (IF = 0) J.117. P.Baumli, G.Kaptay: Wettability of carbon surfaces by pure molten alkali chlorides and their penetration into a porous graphite substrate – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.192-196. (IF = 1.860) J117-c1. J.F.Cooper J.R.Selman: Electrochemical Oxidation of Carbon for Electric Power Generation:

A Review – Abstract Book of the 214th Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, October 2008 http://ecsmeet7.peerx-press.org/ms_files/ecsmeet7/2008/12/15/00001942/00/1942_0_art_0_kbxyy3.pdf - „A recent study of graphite wetting in molten chlorides indicates strong dependence on cationic composition and temperature [J117]”

J117-c2. N.Esutathopoulos, B.Drevet, S.Brandon, A.Virozub: Basic principles of capillarity in relation to crystal growth – Chapter 1 in: Crystal Growth Processes Based on Capillarity: Czochralski, Floating Zone, Shaping and Crucible Techniques, ed. by T.Duffar, 2010, John Wiley and Sons Ltd. – „The thermodynamic adhesion of molten halides on carbon is weak, as ensured solely by physical interactions [J117]. From modeling molten halide / graphite interactions, it was shown that for the same type of halides (for instance chlorides), when the surface tension decreases, the work of adhesion increases rapidly. According to the Young-Dupré equation, this implies a strong decrease in the contact angle (Table 1.8). Table 1.8 Reprinted with permission from [J117], copyright 2008 Elsevier Ltd.” – p.27.

J117-c3. X. Liu, Z. Wang, S. Zhang: Molten Salt Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Carbide-Coated Graphite Flakes for Refractory Castable Applications – Int J Appl Ceram Technol, 2010, doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7402.2010.02529.x – „Among the three molten salts, NaCl has the highest viscosity and wets graphite poorly [J117]; therefore, the transport of Ti to the surface of graphite will be hindered considerably. Although LiCl has the lowest viscosity it does not wet graphite [J117] and consequently the delivery of Ti to the reaction sites on the graphite surface becomes difficult. Differently from these two molten salts, KCl wets graphite well [J117] and has a low viscosity which facilitates the diffusion of Ti species in it and thus the rapid TiC coating formation. Thanks to the useful properties of KCl salt mentioned above, the KCl–LiCl eutectic salt was also effective in the MSS of TiC coatings”. pp.6-7.

J117-c4. I.N.Orbulov, I.Kientzl, J.T.Blücher, Á.Németh, J.Dobránszky, J.Ginsztler: Production and investigation of a metal matrix composite pipe – in: Proc of 14th European COnf on COmposite Materials, Paper ID: 262-ECCM14, 8 pp. – „Efforst have been done to reduce the contact angle either by coating of the fibers or by using three component reinforcement – salt – matrix systems [J117]” – p.2.

J117-c5. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – „.. ha a porózus test egyforma, szorosan pakolt gömbökből van kirakva, akkor a kritikus peremszög 50,7o [], amire az első kísérleti bizonyíték Baumlitől származik [J117]” – 20.o.

J117-c6. I.N.Orbulov, Á.Németh: Infiltration characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced MMCs – Mater Sci Forum, 2010, vol.659, pp.229-234. – „Effort have been done to reduce the contact angle either by coating fibers or by using three component reinforcement – salt – matrix system [J117]” – p. 230.

J117-c7. Youliang Cheng, Tiehu Liy, Xianliang Hou, Deqi Jing, Qiang Zhuang, Tingkai Zhao: Effects of AlCl3-NaCl Content on the Formation of Mesocarbon Microbeads – Int J Chem Reactor Eng, 2010, vol.8, Note S7, pp. 1-12 – „Moreover, due to the low wettability of carbon and molten salt [J117], the morphology of obtained mesophase spheres gets more regular.” – p.5.

J117-c8. Korenko M, Simko F: Measurement of Interfacial Tension in Liquid-Liquid High-Temperature Systems – J Chem Eng Data, 2010, vol.55, issue 11, pp. 4561-4573. „Baumli and Kaptay [J117] used contact angle measurements for the evaluation of surface tension and

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wettability of several chlorides (KCl, NaCl, RbCl, CsCl) on graphite and glassy carbon substrates” – p.4570.

J117-c9. I.N.Orbulov: Infiltration of ceramic microballons by liquid metals – research plan for SCIEX-NMS, February, 2011, 12 pp. – „There are many papers int he professional literature which are dealing with the phenomenon of infiltartion [J117]” – p.9.

J.116. C.Mekler, G.Kaptay: Calculation of surface tension and surface phase transition line in binary Ga-Tl system – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.65-69. (IF = 1.860) J116-c1. Zoltai László (+Dúl Jenő): Grafitcsírák keletkezési lehetőségének elméleti vizsglata – 3.

kutatószemináriumi dolgozat, Miskolci Egyetem, 2009. február, 48 oldal – „A β paraméter a felületi rétegben meglévő kötések hányada, ami 1-nél ksiebb pozitív szám, értéke 0,83 [J116]” – 31.o.

J116-c2. S.H.Sheng, R.F.Zhang, S.Veprek: Phase stabilities and decomposition mechanism in the Zr-Si-N system studied by combined ab initio DFT and thermodynamic calculation – Acta Mater, 2011, vol.59, pp.297-307 – “The so-called surface phase transition, which has been theoretically predicted by Cahn and recently elaborated in more detail by Kaptay et al [J116], essentially states that the system will decrease the high surface energy of the ionic transition metal nitride by wetting it with covalent Si3N4” – p.305.

J116-c3. A.Aqra, A.Ayyad, F.Takrori: Model calculation of the surface tension of liquid Ga-Bi alloy – Appl Surf Sci, 2011, vol.257, pp.3577-3580 – “It should be noted that the surface tension of liquid solders may be calculated by means of various methods such as Butler method [J116] – p.3578.

J.115. G.Kaptay: A unified model for the cohesive enthalpy, critical temperature, surface tension and volume thermal expansion coefficient of liquid metals of bcc, fcc and hcp crystals – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.19-26. (corrigendum: see Mater Sci Eng A, 2009, vol.501, p.255.) (IF = 1.860)

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J115-c1. Zoltai László (+Dúl Jenő): Grafitcsírák keletkezési lehetőségének elméleti vizsglata – 3. kutatószemináriumi dolgozat, Miskolci Egyetem, 2009. február, 48 oldal – „Az irodalmi érték: σFe-

g = 2470 – 0.32T mJ/,2 [J115]” – 30.o. J115-c2. A.G.Cherevko: Nukleacionno-fluktuacionnii podhod k opredeleniiu temperaturnoi zavisimosti

poverhnostnogo natiazheniia metallov – Kolloidnii zhurnal, 2009, vol.71, No.6, pp.852-859 (Nucleation-fluctuation approach to determining the temperature dependence of the surface tension of metals – Colloid Journal, 2009, vol.71, No. 6, pp. 869-876) – V rabotach [J115] bili naideni korreliacii poverhnostnogo natiazheniia vblizi temperaturi plavleniia s teplotoi plavleniia i moliarnim obiomom” – p.852.

J115-c3. V.Morel, A.Bultel, B.G.Cheron: The critical temperature of aluminum – Int J Thermophys, 2009, vol.30, pp.1853-1863 – „Recently, Kaptay [J115] has given a unified model linking the cohesive enthalpy of a liquid with the melting point of alkali metals. This model also yields fairly good results for other metals. The cohesive enthalpy is defined as the energy existing in the liquid resulting from the mutual atomic attractions, which vanishes when the critical temperature is reached… (2 equations)”- p.1858. “Table 4. New estimates of the critical temperature for aluminium. Method: cohesive enthalpy, Tc = 6548 K.” – p.1861. “Finally, the recommended critical temperature of aluminium, obtained as the average of our own results and the latter, is 6700 ± 800 K” – p.1862.

J115-c4. F.Aqra, A.Ayyad: Theoretical calculations of the surface tension of liquid transition metals – Metal Mater Trans B, 2010, doi: 10.1007/s11663-010-9456-3 – “Few published models [J115]… ” – p.3.

J115-c5. F.Aqra, A.Ayyad: Surface tension of pure liquid bismuth and its temperature dependence: Theoretical calculations, Mater Letters, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2010.11.038 – “few established models [J115]…” – p.1.

J115-c6. F.Aqra, A.Ayyad: Surface energies of metals in both liquid and solid states – Appl Surf Sci, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.01.123. – “The surface tension of liquids is defined as the ratio of the excess surface Gibbs energy (expressed through excess surface enthalpy and excess surface entropy) divided by the molar surface area: Eq.(17-18) where f is a geometrical constant (approximately = 1.0) [J115]” – p.13.

J.114. P.Baumli, G.Kaptay: Wettability of carbon surfaces by molten alkali chloride mixtures – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.355-359. (IF = 0)

J.113. G. Buza, V. Janó, M. Svéda, O. Verezub, Z. Kálazi, G. Kaptay, A. Roósz: On the possible mechanisms ofporosity formation during laser melt injection (LMI) technology – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.79-84. (IF = 0) J.112. G.Kaptay: A CALPHAD-compatible method to calculate liquid/liquid interfacial energies in immiscible metallic systems – Calphad, 2008, vol.32, pp.338-352. (IF = 1.530) J112-c1. J.Lee, S.Min, J.Park: Effect of Ce and La on surface property of Bi-Cu-Sn alloys – PPT file of

TOFA 2008, June 22-27, Krakow, Poland, 23 slides – „new equation and 2 graphs are taken from paper [J112]” – slide 18.

J112-c2. J.Li, B.Ma, S.Min, J.Lee, Z.Yuan, L.Zang: Effect of Ce addition on macroscopic core-shell structure of Cu-Sn-Bi immiscible alloy – Mater Letteres, 2010, vol.64, pp.814-816 – “Kaptay [J112] suggested that the interfacial tension between two immiscible liquids could be expressed by the equation: …{Eq.2}… “ – p.2. Fig.4. Temperature dependence of interfacial tension of the 24Cu – 16Sn – 60 Bi alloy with 0.05 wt % Ce addition, calculated using Eq.(2)” – p.815.

J112-c3. Mende T.: Az ESTPHAD módszer fejlesztése és alkalmazása kettő-, három- és négyalkotós rendszerek likvidusz hőmérsékletének közelítésére (tud. vez.: Roósz A.), 2010, Miskolc, 129 o. – “A 4.33 ábrán a szakirodalomból származó [J112] és a 31. egyenlettel számított szétválási görbe látható. 4.18. táblázat [J112]” – 65.o, „A reguláris elegymodellből levezethetően a szétválási hőmértésklet koncentráció-függésére a következő egyenlet írható fel [J112]: (34) egyenlet.” – 67.o.

J111. G.Kaptay: Link between the semi-empirical Andrade and Shytil equations and the statictical-mechanical Born-Green equation for viscosity and surface tension of pure liquid metals – Metall Mater Trans B, 2008, vol.39B, pp.387-389. (IF = 0.798)

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J110. G.Kaptay: A new theoretical equation for temperature dependent self-diffusion coefficient of pure liquid metals – Int J. Mater Res. (formerly Z. Metallkunde), 2008, vol.99, pp.14-17. (IF = 0.819) J110-c1. S.Yang, X.Su, J.Wang, F.Yin, Z.Li, S.Chen, C.Liu: Temperature-evolution of structure and

diffusion properties of liquid transition metals – J Non-Crystalline Solids, 2010, vol.356, pp.1061-1069 – „… a recently derived predictive equation for temperature dependence of self-diffusion coefficients of liquid metals [J110] has been applied to give theoretical prediction. The new equation was derived combining a unified equation on the viscosity of pure liquid metals with the well known Sutherland-Einstein equation without any adjustable parameters. The perfect agreement of the prediction of this new equation with the experimental values measured under micro-gravity conditions confirms its applicability. The equation has been derived as: {Eq.4}… + 10 lines. The performance of the present MD study was evaluated by determining relative difference between the calculated and theoretical prediction values. .... The values are listed in Table 1. Table 1. Simulated self-diffusion coefficients of liquid transition metal – 1 coloumn is calculated by Eq.(4) [J110]”.

J110-c2. DL Beke: On the composition and pressure dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient in liquid metals – Int J Mater Res, 2010, vol.101, 353-355. - „In a very recent paper Kaptay [J110] presented a unified equation for the temperature dependence of the self-diffusioin coefficient, D, in liquid metals. It is mentioned in [J110] that the result is also a prepequisite for modeling of the composition and pressure dependence of D.” – p.353. “.. fortunately this data collection and trial to get a relation expressing at least the non-reduced values of D as the function of T was already done in [J110]. Thus it is worth to compare relation (5) with the results of [J110]: {2 equations, 9 lines copied from [J110]}. – p.354. “The use of the so-called “corrected” melting point for semi metals is a good trial in [J110]: indeed for these elements the melting point is not a good measure of the bonding strength because during melting there are changes in the electronic structure” – p.354.

J110-c3. Beke DL.: Composition and Pressure Dependence of the Diffusion Coefficients in Binary Liquid Alloys – Defect and Diffusion Forum, 2010, vol.297-301, pp.1371-1376. - |Data collection and trial to get a relation expressing at least the non-reduced values of D as the function of T* has already been done [J110]. … Furthermore it was shown in [J110] that in fact the logarithm of F2*(T*) is a good linear function of Tm/T (see Figs 1-2 in [J110].” – p.1373.

J110-c4. AA Simonova: Obespechenie neobhodimogo kachestva poverhnostnogo sloia obiomnich nanokristallicheskich metallov posle mechanicheskoi obrabotki – Naukovi Notatki (Inzhenerna mechanika), No.24, 2009, Luck, pp.500-506 – „Nabliudeniia, predstavlennie v rabote [J110] pokazali, shto….” – p.503.

J109. G.Kaptay: The threshold pressure of infiltration into fibrous preforms normal to the fiber’s axes – Composites Science and Technology, 2008, vol.68, pp.228-237. (IF = 2.533) J109-c1. I.Kientzl, J.Dobránszky: Production and behaviuour of aluminium matrix double composite

structures – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.105-110 – “Kaptay’s equation describes the threshold pressure as function of the contact angle and smallest separation of the fibers divided by the fibre diameter. The threshold pressure of non-wetting liquids is found to be inversely proportional to the smallest distance between the fibers although it is commonly beleived to be inversely proportional to the diameter of the fibres. Four different cases were distuinguished based on the wettability of fibres and the sapce between the fibres and the equations of thrshold pressures were worked out for all these cases [J109]” – p.105-106. „Based on Kaptay’s method the threshold pressure was calculated and plotted as function of the contact angle and relative distance between the fibers (Fig.2).” – p.107.

J109-c2. Orbulov I, Németh Á, Dobránszky J: Manufacturing of Composites by Pressure infiltration, Structure and Mechanical Properties. In: Penninger A, Váradi K, Vörös G (eds.), Gépészet 2008, Proceedings of Sixth Conference on Mechanical Engineering, BUTE Faculty of Mechanical Engineering – “This threshold pressure can be calculated by theoretical approaches for various systems [J109]” – p.1/9.

J109-c3. Orbulov IN, Németh Á, Dobránszky J: XRD and EDS Investigations of Metal Matrix Composites and Syntactic Foams. 13th European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry, Cavtat, Croatia, 16-20 June 2008, In: EXRS 2008 Proceedings – “The main parameter in this case is the infiltration pressure, which can be approximated numerical calculations and is influenced by wetting” – p. 2/10.

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J109-c4. Kientzl I.: Alumínium mátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettőskompozit szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, 2010., BME (tud. vezető: Dobránszky János). – „G. Kaptay azonban pontosan egy ilyen számítási módszert mutatott be cikkében határfelületi megfontolásokra alapozva munkáját [J109]. Az ebben a cikkben bemutatott számítási eljárást ismertetem a következőkben (+ 1 oldal, 2 ábra és 16 egyenlet a cikkből)” – 21-22. o., „… a szálak olvális keresztmetszetűek, hosszirányban 12 μm, keresztirányban 7 μm, így a Kaptay által adott módszer, ami kör keresztmetszetű szálakra lett kidolgozva, csak közelítő számításokra alkalmas ebben az esetben – 42. ábra” – 44.o.

J109-c5. I.N.Orbulov, I.Kientzl, J.T.Blücher, Á.Németh, J.Dobránszky, J.Ginsztler: Production and investigation of a metal matrix composite pipe – in: Proc of 14th European Conf on Composite Materials, Paper ID: 262-ECCM14, 8 pp. – „This threshold pressure can be estimated by theoretical approaches for various wetting or non-wetting systems [J109]” – p.2.

J109-c6. Qi LH, Xu R, Su LZ, Zhou JM, Guan JT: Dynamic measurement on infiltration process and formation mechanism of infiltration front – Trans. Nonferr Metals Soc China, 2010, vol.20, pp.980-986 – „As an indispensable step int he fabrication technologies of metal matrix composites (MMC), the liquid metal infitration process in porous preform, such as squeeze casting, vacuum infiltration, variable pressure infiltration and liquid infiltration-extrusion, have attracted research interest due to the significantly effective improvement int he properties of composite products [J109]” – p.980.

J109-c7. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – „.. Kaptay a hengeres szálak közé való infiltrálást vizsgálta [J109]. Az eredmények szerint a szálakkal párhuzamosan a kritikus peremszög 90o, míg azokra merőlegesen sokkal kisebb 90o-nál. A konkrét peremszög értéke függ a szálak térkitöltésétől…” – 20.o. „Kaptay egy új számítási módszert mutatott be határfelületi megfontolásokra alapozva munkáját [J109] + 2 oldal + 14 egyenlet + 2 ábra idézet” – 21-23. o. „A Kaptay modell. 1,5 oldal elemzés… A Kaptay modell a folyamatos infiltrációhoz szükséges küszöbnyomást 0,20 – 0,77 MPa értékre becsüli. Ez a tartomány a kísérleti eredményekből származó 0,62-0,83 MPa intervallummal átfedésben van, tehát ez a modell magyarázatot ad a folyamatos infiltráció nyomás-szükségletére… Összefoglalva megállapítható, hogy a White-Mortensen és a Kaptay modellek közül csak a Kaptay-modell mutatott átfedést a mérési eredményeimmel” – 60-64. oldalak. „A Kaptay-model által adott küszöbnyomásfüggvény alapján a szálak ritkább elrendeződése esetén, még nagy peremszögek mellett sem nő jelentős mértékben a folyamatos infiltrációhoz szükséges küszöbnyomások értéke” – 83.o. „2.tézis. A küszöbnyomás 0,62-0,83 MPa-os intervallumát összevetettem két elméleti modellel… .. tehát a kísérleti eredményeim matematikai közelítésére a Kaptay modell alkalmas” – 84.o.

J109-c8. I.N.Orbulov, Á.Németh: Infiltration characteristics of carbon fiber reinforced MMCs – Mater Sci Forum, 2010, vol.659, pp.229-234. – The threshold pressure can be estimated by theoretical approaches for various wetting or non-wetting systems [J109]” – p. 230.

J109-c9. I Kientzl, J Dobránszky, Á Németh: Effect of the Infiltration Pressure on the Properties of Composite Wires- Materials Science Forum, 2010, vol. 659, pp.177-182. – „Kaptay's equations describe the threshold pressure as a function of the contact angle and smallest separation of the fibres divided by the fibre diameter [J109]. The threshold pressure of non-wetting liquids is found to be inversely proportional to the smallest distance between the fibers … „ p.177

J108. K.Wasai, G.Kaptay, K.Mukai, N.Shinozaki: Modified classical homogeneous nucleation theroy and a new minimum in free energy change 2. Behavior of free energy change with a minimum calculated for various systems - Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2007, vol.255, pp.55-61. (IF = 1.506) J108-c1. S.Min, J.Park, J.Lee: Surface tension of the 60%Bi-24%Cu-16%Sn alloy and the critical

temperature of the immiscible liquid phase separation – Mater Lett, 2008, vol.62, pp.4464-4466 – „In order to control the structure of the core-shell lead-free solder ball, the surface tension and the interfacial tension between two immiscible liquid alloys are required [J108]” – p.4464.

J108-c2. Verezub O.: Lézeresen felületkezelt szerszámacél köszörülése – Gyártóeszközök, szerszámok, szerszámgépek, 2008, No.1, pp.65-68. – „A nanométer tartományba tartozó szemcsék kiválásának felételeiről lásd [J108]” – p.66.

J108-c3. Zoltai László (+Dúl Jenő): Grafitcsírák keletkezési lehetőségének elméleti vizsglata – 3. kutatószemináriumi dolgozat, Miskolci Egyetem, 2009. február, 48 oldal – „Mivel a SiC képződése során az olvadék Si- és C-tartalma csökken, a nano méretű SiC csírák stabiliázlása elméletileg lehetséges [J108]” – 2.o. „Wasai, Kaptay, Mukai és Shinozaki ismerték fel először

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[J108], hogy csíraképződés során az olvadékfázis Gibbs energiája változásának figyelmen kívül hagyása oda vezet, hogy a csíraképződési görbe egyébként létező minimum pontja nem jelenik meg… A levezetés [J108] a nemrég publikált cikkek egyszerűsített változata – 2 oldal egyenletek” – 40. o.

J.107. Gábor T., Kármánné H.F., J.Sytchev, Kaptay Gy., Kálmán E.: Sóolvadékok elektrolízise során kialakult szén nanocsövek kinyerése és minősítése – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140., No.2, pp. 43-50. (IF = 0) J106. K.Wasai, G.Kaptay, K.Mukai, N.Shinozaki: Modified classical homogeneous nucleation theroy and a new minimum in free energy change 1. A new minimum and Kelvin equation – Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2007, vol.254, pp.67-74. (IF = 1.506) J106-c1. Verezub O.: Lézeresen felületkezelt szerszámacél köszörülése – Gyártóeszközök, szerszámok,

szerszámgépek, 2008, No.1, pp.65-68. – „A nanométer tartományba tartozó szemcsék kiválásának felételeiről lásd [J106]” – p.66.

J106-c2. Zoltai László (+Dúl Jenő): Grafitcsírák keletkezési lehetőségének elméleti vizsglata – 3. kutatószemináriumi dolgozat, Miskolci Egyetem, 2009. február, 48 oldal – „Mivel a SiC képződése során az olvadék Si- és C-tartalma csökken, a nano méretű SiC csírák stabiliázlása elméletileg lehetséges [J106]” – 2.o. „Wasai, Kaptay, Mukai és Shinozaki ismerték fel először [J106], hogy csíraképződés során az olvadékfázis Gibbs energiája változásának figyelmen kívül hagyása oda vezet, hogy a csíraképződési görbe egyébként létező minimum pontja nem jelenik meg… A levezetés [J106] a nemrég publikált cikkek egyszerűsített változata – 2 oldal egyenletek” – 40. o.

J106-c3. Carreon-Calderon B., Soria A., Romero-Martinez A.: Driving Force in First-Order Phase Transitions and Its Application to Gas Hydrate Nucleation from a Single Phase - AICHE Journal, 2009, vol.55, pp. 2433-2447. – „.. authors consider the nucleation work as a maximum of the free energy surface” – p.2434.

J105. G.Kaptay: On the wettability, encapsulation and surface phase transition in monotectic liquid metallic systems – Materials Science Forum, 2007, vol.537-538, pp.527-532 (IF = 0) J105-c1. Svéda Mária: Monotektikus felületi rétegek létrehozása lézersugaras felületkezeléssel c. PhD

értekezéséhez (tudományos vezető: dr. Roósz András) – 2007. – „A nagyobb sűrűségű Pb olvadéknak az ötvözett zóna felszínén való elhelyezkedése a határfelületi jelenségekkel magyarázható [J105]” – p.87.

J104. I.Budai, M.Z.Benkő, G.Kaptay: Comparison of different theoretical models to experimental data on viscosity of binary liquid alloys – Materials Science Forum, 2007, vols.537-538, pp.489-496. (IF = 0) J104-c1. D.Zivkovic: Application of the Kaptay model in calculation of ternary liquid alloys viscosities

– Int J Mat Res, 2008, vol.99, pp.748-750 – „Kaptay’s approach to estimate the viscosity of liquid metallic alloys from viscosities of pure liquid metals and thermodynamic properties of the liquid alloy has been tested for different types of binary systems [J104], including those with considerable deviations from ideality” – pp.748-749.

J104-c2. D.Zivkovic: A new approach to estimate the viscosity of the ternary liquid alloys using the Budai-Benko-Kaptay equation – Metall Mater Trans B, 2008, vol.39, pp.395-398 – „The new Budai-benko-Kaptay (BBK) equation has been recently derived for estimation of the viscisity of liquid alloys and tested on numerous binary systems, showing a good agreement with experimentally obtained data. Equations…. … The presented new BBK equation for estimation of the viscosity of liquid metallic alloys has been already tested for different types of binary systems [J104], showing good compliance with experimental data in most cases. IN this article, the applicability of a new equation to ternary systems will be tested in examples of Au-Ag-Cu alloys. „ – p.395, „There is an agreement between the results of the BBK equation application, presented in this work and the experimental literature data… the ability to predict the viscosity, even if the viscosities of the pure componnets are not known, should be underlined int he application of the new BBK equation and taken as an advantage among other models int he case

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when these data are not known” – p.396. „The greatest advantage of the presented BBK equation is to be accetuated – such estimation of the viscosities of multicomponent liquid alloys demands just a few starting data for the calculation compared to the other known models, which makes it simple and easy to apply in different cases” – p.397.

J104-c3. V.Skliarchuk, A.Iakimovich, M.Dufanec: Rozrahunok viazkosti rozplaviv sistemi Al-Cu – Vseukrainska konferencia molodich vchonich “Suchasne materialoznavstvo: materiali ta technologii SMMT-2008. (PPT file of a conference talk) – “Modifikovane rivnannia Budai-Benko-Kaptay [J104] …. “ – p. 4, “Rozrahovani znacheniia viazkosti zgidno modeli Chabra i modifikovanogo rivnannia Budai-Benko-Kaptay dobre uzgodzhuiutsia z literaturnimi dannimi“ – p.9.

J104-c4. Sklyarchuk VM, Yakimovich AS, Dufanets' MV: Calculation on Viscosity of Al-Cu Liquid Alloys – Metallofizika i noveishie technologii, 2008, vol.30, pp., 315-321.

J104-c5. P.Terzieff: The viscosity of liquid alloys of polyvalent metals with Cu, Ag and Au: Theoretical treatments based on the enthalpy of mixing – Physica B, 2009, vol.404, pp. 2039-2044 – „The majority of the currently used viscosity models are of semi-empirical nature focused on thermodynamic quantities such as enthalpy of mixing [J104]” – 2039, “The extension toi the case of multi-component systems involves the volume of mixing and the enthalpy of mixing as additional input parameters [J104]: Eq.(3)” – p.2040, “Fig-s 1-10: “unified model”” – pp.2041-2033, “The least strenuous way to calculate viscosities is given by the unified equation of Kaptay and coworkers [J104]. Except for the Ag-Sb and some extent to Cu-Sb, the excess viscosities are in reasonable numerical agreement with the experimental values (Table 1). Apart from the model’s obvious overestimation of the viscosity of pure liquid Cu in Cu-BI, Cu-Pb and Cu-Sn (Figs 2, 3 and 5) or the disagreement in the values of undercooled Au in Au-Sn (Fig.10) the shapes of the viscosity isotherms are found to be adequately reproduced (curves b). However, it has to be also noted that the experimental values reported for liquid Cu differ from one author to the other by more than 1 mPaseven at the same temperature (Figs 3. and 4.). The additional isotherms (curves b’) shown for Cu-Bi, Cu-Sb, Ag-Ge and Ag-Sb were obtained by using the corrected melting temperatures for Ge (450 K), Sb (650 K) and Bi (450 K) as recommended by Kaptay [J104]. As compared to the isotherms obtained with the uncorrected melting temperatures (curves b) the improvemenets are extremely large for Ag-Ge (Fig.6), less pronounced for Cu-Sb and Ag-Sb (Figs 4, 8)and small for Cu-Bi (Fig.2).” – p.2043.

J104-c6. P.Terzieff: Some physico-chemical properties of liquid Ag-Sn-Zn – Physica B, Condensed Matter, 2010, vol.405, pp.2668-2672 – From a previous analysis it has been concluded that the semi-empirical apprach based on Kaptay’s unified equation [J104] is one of the most convenient methods to gain a first idea of the viscosity of muticomponent systems, even if the viscosities of the pure liquids are unknown. The application requires the melting temperatures of the components, their molar masses, and their molar volumes. The only requirements for alloy is the knowledge of the excess volume and the enthalpy of mixing : (Eq.10)” – p.2674.

J104-c7. Gasior W, Moser Z, Debski A: New data to the SURDAT-database of modeled and experimental physical properties of lead-free solder alloys – Arch Metall Mater, 2009, vol.54, pp. 1253-1259 – „..SURDAT database … experimental … and the viscosity calculated from the dependences proposed by … Kaptay [J104] : Eq.(6)” – p.1256. “Fig.4. Experimental (symbols) and calculated (lines) viscosity (Eq-s (1, 2, 5, 6, 7) of Ag-Sn (Fig.4a) and Sn-Zn (Fig.4b) alloys” – p.1257.

J104-c8. Knott S., Terzieff P.: Calculation of the viscosity of the liquid ternary Ag-Au-Sn system – Int. J. Mater. Res., 2010, vol.101, pp.834-838. – „Several viscosity models based on thermodynamic data exist, some of them apply adjustable parameters, while others make use of universal parameters [J104] which a re considered to be applicable to a large class of alloy systems” – p.834, “The expression for the viscosity, given by Budai et al. [J104] is based on Kaptay-s unified equation for pure liquid metals: Eq.(3)” – p.835. Fig-s 2, 4 and Table 2 are calculated by the model [J104] – pp.836-837. “…the unified equation yields a much better agreement for Ag-Au system” – p.836. “Conclusions: .. in case of missing experimental evidence the unified equation might give a first reasonable estimate of the viscosity in liquid multicomponent systems” – p.838.

J103. Baumli P., Sytchev J., Kaptay Gy.: SiC és Al2O3 kerámia szemcsék felületkezelése só olvadékban, kompozitok fejlesztése céljából – BKL Kohászat, 2006., 139. évf., 3.szám, 47-50. (IF = 0) J103-c1. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással

– BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „Nagyon fontos, hogy a fémmátrixú

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kompozitanyagok esetében is csak akkor kapunk megfelelő műszaki tulajdonságokat, ha megfelelő a kapcsolat az erősítőanyag és a mátrixanyag határfelületén [J103]” – p.41.

J103-c2. Orbulov I.: Szintaktikus fémhabok keménységmérése – Anyagvizsgálók lapja, 2009, No.1, pp.9-15. – „… vizsgálatok tárgyát képezték az erősítőanyagra felvihető különböző bevonatok is [J103].” – p.9.

J102. G.Kaptay: On the equation of the maximum capillary pressure induced by solid particles to stabilize emulsions and foams and on the emulsion stability diagram - Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2006, vol.282-283, pp.387-401. (IF = 1.611) J102-c1. Gonzenbach UT, Studart AR, Tervoort E, Gauckler LJ: Tailoring the microstructure of

particle-stabilized wet foams - LANGMUIR 23 (3): 1025-1032 JAN 30 2007 - „These results suggest that the preparation of wet foams that are stable against bubble coarsening and drainage requires particle sizes not larger than a few micrometers in diameter. Theoretical calculations based ont he adsoroption energy of particles at gas – liquid interface and the maximum capillary pressure developed at the interface showed that particles larger than about 3 microns are not able to stabilize foams for long period of time [J102]. These results are in the same order of magnitude as our experimental findings” – p.1029.

J102-c2. C.Körner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Physical and Technological Principles – Habilitation Thesis, Erlangen, 2007 (Ref. No.132) – “Kaptay was the first who realized that stabilization for these kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other [J102].” – p.108.

J102-c3. Torres LG, Iturbe R, Snowden MJ, Chowdhry BZ, Leharne SA: Preparation of o/w emulsions stabilized by solid particles and their characterization by oscillatory rheology - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 302 (1-3): 439-448 JUL 20 2007 – “The magnitude of the free energy required to remove a particle from the interface between two immiscible fluids does not provide an insight into the stability of the emulsions [J102]…. It is reported that the water fil between two drops of the discontinuous oil phase resists rupture if the contact angle of the stabilising particle is in the range of 15 – 90 degrees [J102]” – p.440.

J102-c4. Studart AR, Gonzenbach UT, Akartuna I, Tervoort E, Gauckler LJ: Materials from foams and emulsions stabilized by colloidal particles - JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY 17 (31): 3283-3289 2007 – “… stabilization is achieved for intermediate contact angles ranging from 20 to 86 deg for oil-in-water emulsions and foams, and from 94 to 160 deg for water-in-oil emulsions and mists [J102]” – p.3285, “Besides the high energy of adsorption of particles at the interface, the remarkable resistance of particle-stabilized foams and emulsions against coalescence has also been attributed to the development of capillary forces that impede thinning down the liquid film between bubbles/droplets, as well as to the formation of an attractive network of particles throghout the continouos liquid phase [J102]” – p.3286.

J102-c5. SE Friberg, AA Bawab, AA Abdoh: Surface active inverse micelles – Colloid Polym Sci, 2007, vol.285, pp.1625-1630 (Ref. No.17) – “Finally Professor Kaptay [J102] has published a complete treatment on the influence of solid particles on the capillary pressure in their stabilization of emulsions and foams” – p.1628.

J102-c6. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „A másik csoportba sorolhatjuk azokat az anyagokat, amelyek létrehozásánál vagy csak a tömegcsökkentés, vagy valamilyen más különleges követelmény dominál. Ezek a porózus szerkezeti anyagok [J102]” – p.41.

J102-c7. L.Torres, R.Iturbe, MJ Snowden, B. Chowdhry, S.Lehrane: Can Pickering emulsion formation aid the removal of creosote DNAPL from porous media? – Cemosphere, 2008, vol.71, pp.123-132 – “There are, however, problems with the model that undepints the development of Eq.(1) (of Binks). For example the model does not explain experimental observation that particle stabilised emulsions are maximally stabilised when the particles display a contact angle less than 90o [J102]…. The role of the particles in film stabilisation can be incorporated into a model which then predicts that the film between two drops of the discontinuous oil phase resists rupture if the contact angle of the stabilising particlesis in the range between 15 and 90 deg [J102]” – p.125.

J.102-c8. TN Hunter, RJ Pugh, GV Franks, GJ Jameson: The role of particles in stabilizing foams and emulsions – Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2008, vol.137. pp.57-81 – “A recent review by Kaptay

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[J102] has brought this mechanism back into focus, and it will be briefly surmised here. Kaptay [J102] derived …. 61 lines + Figures 4-5 + Equation (2) ” – pp.62-63.

J102-c9. T.S. Horozov: Foams and foam films stabilised by solid particles - Curr Opinion in Colloid Interface Sci, 2008, vol.13, pp.134-140. – „Several recent works [J102, etc.] treat the problem of liquid film stability by solid particles theoretically, assuming either a bridging monolayer or a bilayer of hexagonally close-packed particles.” – p.137. „A recent review on this subject by Kaptay [J102] is worth to consider. There, previous and more recent theoretical results are analysed and semi-empirical equations for the dependence of max

cP on the particle contact angle are obtained with the toroidal pore model. Results calculated by these equations are compared in Fig.3….. description of Fig.3 (19 lines + 7 lines of figure caption [J102])…” – p.138, „Another mechanism of foam film stabilisation by a network of particle aggregates (gel) inside the film has also been discussed in [J102] (Fig.2.c). … description (7 lines)…” – p.138, „Link between the stability of particle stabilised aqueous films and that of particle-stabilised foams or oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions has also been discussed [J102] … description (15 lines)… . Semiquantitative arguments have been used to estimate the optimum contact angles for the highest foam (o/w emulsion) stability [J102]…decription (3 lines)…” – pp.138-139, „Smaller particles should stabilise the film better but their attachment to the liquid surface is weaker and vica versa [J102].” – p.139. „A good review of theoretical studies on liquid films stabilised by solid particles. Useful approximated equations for the dependence of critical capillary pressure for film rupture on the particle contact angle are obtained. Mechanism of liquid film stabilisation by solid particles are discussed” – p.140.

J102-c10. S Ata: Coalescence of bubbles covered by particles – Langmuir, 2008, vol.24, pp.6085-6091. – „The mechanism of film stabilisation has been explained by the capillary pressure between bubbles, given by {equation}. The theory was first proposed by Ivanov and co-workers and developed further by others [J102]” – p.6086-6087.

J102-c11. I.Akartuna, AR Studart, E.Tervoort, UT Gozenbach, LJ Gauckler: Stabilization of oil-in-water emulsions by colloid particles modified with short amphiphiles – Langmuir, 2008, vol.24, pp.7161-7168. – „The adsoroption energy increases monotonically with increasing contact angle reachin a maximum at 90 degrees. Besides a strong adsorption at the interafce, the stabilization of emulsions also requires that the adsorbed particles impede thinning of the liquid film between droplets. In contract to the adsorption energy, earlier studies have shown that the highest resistance against film thinning is achieved for particles forming contact angles approaching 0 and 180 degrees [J102]. COnsidering these opposite trends, optimum contact angles between 70 and 86 degrees and between 94 and 110 degrees have been suggested for the stabilization of oil-in-water and water-in-oil emuslions, respectively, using interfacial adsorbed particles [J102]. Under such conditions, particles should be able to sterically hinder the coalescence of droplets over long periods of time, which has been experimentally confirmed in a number of recent studies” – p.7161.

J102-c12. H.A.Wege, S.Kim, V.N.Paunov, Q.X.Zhong, O.D.Velev: Long-term stabilization of foams and emulsions with in-situ formed microparticles from hydrophobic cellulose – Langmuir, 2008, vol.24, pp.9245-9253. „Removing such particles from interface requires the expense of a significant transfer eneregz, whose magnitude can be estimated by [J102]: (Eq.1).” – p.9245.

J102-c13. C.Körner: Foam formation mechanism in particle suspensions applied to metallic foams – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.227-235 – “Further progress to explain foam stability was made by Kaptay [J102] who uses a model of a three-dimensional network of solid, spherical particles to explain force transfer between two interfaces and in this way stability” – p.228.

J102-c14. A.J.Klinter, G. Mendoza-Suarez, R.A.L.Drew: Wetting of pure aluminum and selected alloys on polycrystalline alumina and sapphire – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.147-152. – “Recently it has been derived that the most favorable ciontact angle range for a liquid foam to be stabilized by particles is between 70 and 86 degrees [J102]. An experimental simulation conducted by Sun et al employing ethanol/water mixture and polymeric particles supports this finding showing that the most stable foams were obtained when the liquid wetted the particles in a range of 70-85 degrees. Therefore, it is assumed that in order to produce stable aluminum foams, the aluminum alloy melt needs to wet the added ceramic particles in this optimum contact angle range of 70-86 degrees over the temperature span between that of the melt bath in the direct foaming method (typically around 750 – 800 Centigrades) and the solidification of the alloy” – p.148.

J102-c15. A.J.Klinter, R.A.L.Drew: Evaluation of the wetting behaviour of Al-7Cu and Al-11.5Si on SiC and sapphire in terms of Al-foam stability. In: METFOAM-2007, ed. by L.P.Lefebre, J.Banhart, D.C.Dunand, DEStech Publ. Inc, 2008, pp.23-26. – „During the early stages of Al-

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foam rersearch, it was found that alumina or SiC particles are essential in order to obtain stable aluminium foams. Originally it was believed that the stabilizing effect of these ceramic particles have on Al-foams was caused by an increase in bulk viscosity of the Al melt due to ceramic particles additions. In a very theoreticla approach, KAPTAY [P41, J84] later developed models suggesting that the improved foam stability was due to capillary effects between the melt and the particles, preventing the two liquid gas interfaces of a foam cell wall from touching, and the two adjacent cells from coalescencing….. KAPTAY concluded recently in a complex and theoretical study [J102] that the optimum contact angle for foam stabilization by a single or a closely packed double layer of particles is between 70 and 86 degrees” – p.23. „Fig-s 5 show that Al-11.5Si wets the substrate better than Al-Cu, however neither alloy reaches the optimum contact angle range for foam stabilization [J102]” – p.25. „Conclusions. … A number of researchers have shown that metal foams can be produced using a verity of aluminum alloy – ceramic particle combinations (including Al2O3, SiC and TiB2). Nevertheless, it is believed that foams with narrower pore size distribution and more homogeneous properties can be produced if alloy-particle combinations are chosen with wetting properties int he optimum contact angle range for foam stabilization by particles of 70 to 86 degrees derived by KAPTAY [J102]” – p.26.

J102-c16. C.Koerner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Springer, 2008, 224 pp. – „ Kaptay [J102] was the first who realized, that stabilization for this kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other” – p. 100.

J102-c17. Hunter, T.N., Wanless, E.J., Jameson, G.J.: Effect of esterically bonded agents on the monolayer structure and foamability of nano-silica - Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2009, vol. 334, pp. 181 – 190. – „Kaptay [J102] has theoretically weighted the effects of weakly and strongly hydrophobic particles and estimated that particles wit ha contact angle 70o would best stabilize foam films with a single layer of particles. For a bi-layer of particles, the contact angle for maximum stability changes to 85o [J102] (more in line with emulsions) suggesting concentration and conformation may affect the extent in which particles of different hydrophobicity stabilize a system” – p.181, “The weak stabilization of the SiO-dodecane dispersions highlights that the bubbles in the dynamic foams are likely not fully loaded, and as drainage continues, bubbles interact with only a single bridging layer of particles (giving theoretical maximum stability with particles near 70o [J102]).” – p.186, “Following on from Kaptay [J102] and the work tabled in a pre4vious review [], it appears dynamic foams are stabilised by species of intermediate hydrophobicity, where there is a balance of inter-bubble and steric stabilisation forces.” – p.188.

J102-c18. Hunter TN, Jameson GJ, Wanless EJ, Dupin D, Armes SP: Adsorption of Submicrometer-Sized Cationic Sterically Stabilized Polystyrene Latex at the Air-Water Interface: Contact Angle Determination by Ellipsometry - Langmuir, 2009, vol. 25, pp. 3440-3449. – „Less hydrphobic particles can also dynamically stabilize bubbles by altering threshold capillary pressure [J102]” – p.3441.

J102-c19. Fournier CO, Fradette L, Tanguy PA: Effect of dispersed phase viscosity on solid-stabilized emulsions – Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2009, vol. 87, pp. 499-506. – „As a general rule, a hydrophobic particle favors a water-in-oil emulsion while a hydroplhilic particle generates an oil-in-water emulsion. However, this rule may be broken depending on the number of layers the solid particles will form at the oil-water interface. Based on the energy and maximum capillary pressure considerations, Kaptay (2006) showed that for an emulsion stabilized by a single layer of particles, the contact angle for o/w emulsions must be between 15 and 90 degrees and for w/o emulsions, the contact angle must be between 90 and 165 degrees. For emulsions stabilized by a double layer of particles, o/w emulsions are stable for contact angle values between 15 and 129.3 degrees and w/o emulsions are stable for contact angle values between 50.7 and 165 degrees. Furthermore, the interval of optimum contact angle, for both single and double particles layer appears to be between 70 and 86 degrees for o/w emulsions and between 94 and 110 degrees for w/o emulsions” – pp.499-500.

J102-c20. J.Frelichowska: Emulsions stabilisees par des particules solides: etudes physico-chmiques et evaluation pour l’application cutanee, PhD, L’Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 2009 Jan – “La stabilite du film de phase continue entre les gouttelettes peut aussi empecher la coalescence. Le film peut etre stabilise par des forces capillaires et/ou les proprietes theologiques de l’intergace elle-meme [J102] – p.59.

J102-c21. A.J.Klinter, C.A.Leon-Patino, R.A.L. Drew: The optimum contact angle range for metal foam stabilization: an experimental evaluation of theory – Abstract book of 6th HTC conference, 6-9 May, 2009, Athens, Greece, p.75 – „From the measured values, contact angle vs.

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Temperature curves were generated, some of which satisfy the contact angle requirement between liquid metal and ceramic particles for optimum metal foam stabilization proposed by Kaptay (70 to 86 degrees) [J102]. …. Comparing the experimentally observed liquid foam stability and the resulting foam morphology with the obtained contact angle vs. Temperature curves allows an evaluation of Kaptay’s theooretically derived requirements for optimum foam stabilization by ceramic particles [J102]” – p.75.

J102-c22. SE Frieberg: Effect of relative humidity on the evaporation path from a phenethyl alcohol emulsion – J Coll Interface Sci, 2009, vol.336, pp.786-792 – „Emulsions are one of the most important vehicles both for their own processing as well as their application in a large number of industries such as pharmaceutics, cosmetics, preparation of nano-particles and others. Hence, general treatments ar ereadily available and there heas been significant progress in the more fundamental aspects of the related science [J102]” – p.786.

J102-c23. Fournier CO, Fradette L, Tanguy PA: Effect of dispersed phase viscosity on solid-stabilized emulsions – 13th European Conference on Mixing, London, 14-17 April, 2009, Proceedings, 8 pp. – „As a general rule, a hydrophobic particle favors a water-in-oil emulsion while a hydroplhilic particle generates an oil-in-water emulsion. However, this rule may be broken depending on the number of layers the solid particles will form at the oil-water interface. Based on the energy and maximum capillary pressure considerations, Kaptay (2006) showed that for an emulsion stabilized by a single layer of particles, the contact angle for o/w emulsions must be between 15 and 90 degrees and for w/o emulsions, the contact angle must be between 90 and 165 degrees. For emulsions stabilized by a double layer of particles, o/w emulsions are stable for contact angle values between 15 and 129.3 degrees and w/o emulsions are stable for contact angle values between 50.7 and 165 degrees. Furthermore, the interval of optimum contact angle, for both single and double particles layer appears to be between 70 and 86 degrees for o/w emulsions and between 94 and 110 degrees for w/o emulsions” – p.1.

J.102-c24. I.Akartuna: porous materials and capsules from particle-stabilized emulsions – PhD dissertation, Chapter 2. Zurich, 2009 – “Optimum contact angles between 70 and 86 degrees, and between 94 and 110 degrees have been suggested for the stabilization of oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, respectively, using interfacially adsorbed particles [J102]” – p.16.

J.102-c25. I.Akartuna: porous materials and capsules from particle-stabilized emulsions – PhD dissertation, Chapter 3. Zurich, 2009 – “The adsorption of colloidal particles to liquid-liquid interfaces can be achieved by adjusting their wettability in the liquid media or, in other words, their contact angle at the liquid interface. In general, particles with contact angles lower than 90 degrees tend to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions, whereas particles exhibiting contact angles higher than 90 degrees yield water-in-oil emulsiopns [J102]” – p.42.

J102-c26. S.N.Tan, Y.Yang, R.G.Horn: Thinning of a vertical free-draining aqueous film incorporating colloidal particles – Langmuir, 2010, vol.26, No.1, pp.63-73. – “Various possible film stabilization mechanisms of particle stabilized films have been suggested in the literature: film stabilized by bridging particles, bilayer of hexagonally close packed particlesand network of particles aggregates (gel) inside the film [J102].” – p.71. “Kaptay [J102] used a thermodynamic approach to explain the role of particles in film stability… 12 lines of description” – p.72.

J102-c27. Á.Detrich, A.Deák, E.Hild, A.L.Kovács, Z.Hórvölgyi: Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films of bidisperse silica nanoparticles – Langmuir, 2010, vol.26, pp.2694-2699, doi: 10.1021/1a9027207. – The stabilizing effect of fine particles in foaming and emulsification has been extensively studied during the past decades” – p.2694

J102-c28. S.Kubowicz, J.Daillant, M.Dubois, M.Delsanti, J-M. Verbavatz, H.Möhwald: Mixed-Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles for Emulsion Stabilization – Langmuir, 2010, vol.26, No.3, pp 1642–1648.

J102-c29. A.J.Klinter, C.A.Leon, R.A.L.Drew: The optimum contact angle range for metal foam stabilization: an experimental comparison with the theory – J. Mater Sci., 2010, vol.45, pp.2174-2180 – „Kaptay [102] developed different models of particle arrangement – detailed description of the model in 20 lines + Fig.1” – p.1-2/7. „From particle-stabilized foams presented by other researchers it can be seen that the closely packedd double layer or complex 3-dimensional network models proposed by Kaptay [102] are the most representative for aluminium foams” – p.2/7. “Using the PM method, the present work aims to evaluate the possibility to predict foam expansion performance based on wetting behaviour and Kaptay’s [102] model” – p.2/7. „Assuming the closely packed double layer model (Fig.1) [102], those liquid metal/solid particle combinations should form the most stable foams that exhibit contact angles in the range of 85-90 degrees.” – p,5/7. “This is in agreement with .. , as well as Kaptay [102] and must be interpreted as improved wetting … “ – p.5/7. “Thus, base don the contact angle behaviour of the tested

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metal/Al2O3 combinations, Kaptay’s closely packed double layer model (Fig.1) predicts the foam stability/quality sequence among these combinations correctly, with exception of Al-1Mg/Al2O3, which should yield foams of similar quality and expansion as Al-11.5Si/Al2O3.” – p.5/7. „It can be therefore stated that the model … is conclusive. Nevertheless, it appears that int he case of aluminium alloy foams containing ceramic particles, wetting experiments under idealized experimental conditions are insufficient to account for the significantly higher oxygen content of the alloys in actual foams (caused by the oxide layers ont he metal powder) as well as reaction processes that occur during foaming. Therefore, such measured contact angles and Kaptay’s models can only be a rough guide to which alloy/ceramic particle combinations may be candidates for good foams” – p.6/7. „Summary: … It has been found that the model about particle stabilized metal foams [J102], predicting optimum metal foam stability based on measured contact angles between metal and ceramic particles may be used as a general guide to select liquid and stabilizing particles” – 6/7.

J102-c30. Ata S, Davis ES, Dupin D, Armes SP, Wanless EJ, Erica J.: Direct Observation of pH-Induced Coalescence of Latex-Stabilized Bubbles Using High-Speed Video Imaging – LANGMUIR, 2010, vol. 26, No. 11, pp. 7865-7874 – „Less hydrophobic particles can also kinetically stabilize bubbles by retarding drainage, either by physically entrapping fluid, altering bubble curvatures and thereshold capillary pressures [J102] or by stratifying it. – p.7866.

J102-c31. YH Song, M.Tane, T.Ide, Y.Seimiya, B.Y.Hur, H.Nakajima: Fabrication of Al-3.7 pct Si-0.18 pct Mg foam strengthened by AlN particle dispersion and its compressive properties – Metall Mater Trans A, 2010, vol.41A, pp.2104-2111 – “It is well known that particles in melt can stabilize foaming behavior by preventing the drainage effects that originate from the gravity of melt, buoyancy of pores, pressure difference between films, plateau border in melt, etc… [J102], where the film is a thin melt sheet between pores and the plateau border is a node of melt surrounded by some pores. In the prevention of drainage effect, the contact angle between the particle and the melt is the most important factor [J102]. … First, we focus on the change in wettability of AlN particles at high temperature, because the wettability of particles playes an important role in the stability of foaming behavior compared with the viscosity of melt [J102].” – p.2109.

J102-c32. S.E.Frieberg: Foams from Non-aqueous systems – Curr Opinion Coll Interface Sci, 2010, vol.15, pp.359-364 – “The solid particles act by stabilizing the surface per se as evidenced by the effect on the Laplace pressure over the liquid film [J102]” – p.361, „In the area of metallic foams truly significant progress was made by Kaptay and collaborators, who used the theory for maximum capillary pressure [J102] to rationalize the stabilization of metal foams by small particles”. – p.362. “Surprisingly, empirical calculations revealed that p* to be proportional to the cosine of the contact angle with high accuracy [J102]” – p.362.

J102-c33. Hórvölgyi Z.: Anorganikus részecskék folyadék-fluidum határrétegbeli diszperziói és szilárd hordozós filmjei – MTA doktori értekezés, 2010. “A folyadék-fluidum határrétegben felhalmozódó kvázi amfipatikus szilárd mikrofázisoknak különös jelentősége van a habok és emulziók stabilizálásában [J102]” – p.1.

J102-c34. X.N.Liu, Y.X.Li, X.Chen, Y.Kiu, X.L.Fan: Foam stability in gas injection foaming process – J Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45. pp.6481-6493. – „Kaptay [J102] developed a theory to predict the optimum wetting angle of particles when stabilizing emulsions and foams, and 70 – 86 degrees was deduced for actual condition in particle stabilized aluminum foams, whaich was proved to be a general guide to select foaming system by Klinter et al” – p.6482.

J102-c35. Zhu Y, Zhang SM, Chen JD, Hu CP: High Internal Phase Emulsions Prepared with Poly(urethane urea) Aqueous Nanodispersion at Different Temperatures – J Polymer Sci, A: Polymer Chem, 2010, vol.48, No.19, pp.4356-4360 – „It is accepted that the stability of particle stabilized emulsions is due to the coherent particle layer around the droplets, which acts as a steric (mechanical) barrier against coalescence” – p.4356

J102-c36. A.Bozeya, A.Al-Bawab, S.E.Friberg, R.Guo: Equilibration in a geranyl acetate emulsions – Coll. Surf A., 2011, vol.373, pp.110-115. – „..emulsions are of prime importance in a wide variety of commercial products with the investigations into intermetallic emulsions as chief example [J102]….” – p.110

J102-c37. DP Papadopoulos, H.Omar, F.Stergioudi, SA Tsipsas, N.Michailidis: The use of dolomite as foaming agent and its effect on the microstructure of aluminium metal foams – Comparison to titanium hydride – Coll Surf A, 2010., doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.12.005 – “It should be noted that the effect of these added particles is reported primary in the context of stabilization of of the foam through the wetting process and particle interaction phenomena such as the development of capillary and interfacial forces and secondly as a mechanism of drainage retardation” – p.1.

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J101. G.Kaptay: On the temperature gradient induced interfacial gradient force, acting on precipitated liquid droplets in monotectic liquid alloys – Materials Science Forum, 2006, vol.508, pp.269-274 (IF = 0) J101-c1. He J, Zhao J, Wang X, Zhang Q, Li H, Chen G: Investigation of rapid directional

solidification of Al-based immiscible alloys - ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA 43 (6): 561-566 JUN 2007 – „2 equations + Chinese text” – p.562.

J101-c2. O.Udvardy, A.Lovas: Dynamic phenomena during sessile drop measurements due to oxide layer disruption – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.173-178 – „The disrupted oxide on the surface of the droplets sirl. The origin of this phenomenon can be the Marangoni convection [J101], because the surface tension of the oxide and the pure molten metal is different and the bottom of the molten drop can be at different temperatures” – p.178.

J101-c3. C.Pfeiler, B.G.Thomas, M.Wu, A.Ludwig, A.Kharicha: Solidification and particle entrapment during continuous casting of steel Steel Res. Int., 2008, vol.79, pp.599-607 – „A lot of theoretical approaches have been proposed to understand the interaction of particles with a solidifying interface. Due to the complexity of the phenomenon the analytical models [J101] are still discussed and improved.” – p.600.

J101-c4. L.Zhang, E.Wang, Z.Kang, J.He: Influence of horizontal steady magnetic field on second-phase distribution in Zn-10%Bi hypermonotectic alloy – J Northeastern University (Natural Sci), 2010, vol.31, No.6, pp.816-819. “…. Chienes text… Eq.(2)” – p.819.

J101-c5. Kang Zhiqiang, Wang Engang, Zhang Lin, Li Guimao, Zuo Xiaowei, He Jicheng: Numerical Simulation of Microstructural Evolution for Al-Bi Hypermonotectic Alloys - CHINESE JOURNAL OF RARE METALS, 2010, 34(5), DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.0258-7076.2010.05.004

J100. J.Sychev, N.V.Borisenko, G.Kaptay, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Intercalation of sodium and lithium into graphite as a first stage in an electrochemical method for producing carbon nanotubes – Russian Journal of Electrochemistry, 2005, vol.41, pp.956-963. (IF = 0.218) J100-c1. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by

electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „Kaptay and co-workers also investigated the electrolytic preparation method. Carbonaceous products were prepared by using various molten salt electrolytes and fundamental studies likewise suggested alkali metal intercalation into graphite as an essntial step of the process [J100]” – p.151

J100-c2. A.R.Kamali, D.J.Fray, C.Schwandt: Thermokinetic characterisation of lithium chloride – J Therm Anal Calorim, 2010, doi 10.1007/s10973-010-1045-9. “More recent investigations have shown that intercalation of lithium into graphite may also proceed at elevated temperatures as high as 625 to 900 C [J100]” – p.1.

J99. G.Kaptay: A method to calculate equilibrium surface phase transition lines in monotectic systems – CALPHAD, 2005, vol.29, pp.56-67 (+ Erratum, same volume, p.262) (IF = 1.344) J.99-c1. N.Braidy, G.R.Purdy, G.A.Botton: Equilibrium and stability of phase-separating Au-Pt

nanoparticles – Acta Mater, 2008, vol.56, pp.5972-5983 – “f is a constant related to the coordination number at the surface and is equal to 1.06, based on the discussion in Ref. [J99]” – p.5974. “The Au-Pt system exhibits a large and positive mixing energy. As a consequence, for a specific range of temperature and composition, the curves will intersect at more than one point. IN such a specifi situation the lowest surface energy will be selected [J99]. The presence of multiple solution implies the existence of a first-order surface phase transition [J99]” – p.5974.

J99-c2. Zoltai László (+Dúl Jenő): Grafitcsírák keletkezési lehetőségének elméleti vizsglata – 3. kutatószemináriumi dolgozat, Miskolci Egyetem, 2009. február, 48 oldal – „A β paraméter a felületi rétegben meglévő kötések hányada, ami 1-nél ksiebb pozitív szám, értéke 0,83 [J99]” – 31.o.

J99-c3. Mende T.: Az ESTPHAD módszer fejlesztése és alkalmazása kettő-, három- és négyalkotós rendszerek likvidusz hőmérsékletének közelítésére (tud. vez.: Roósz A.), 2010, Miskolc, 129 o. –

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„A reguláris elegymodellből levezethetően a szétválási hőmérséklet koncentráció-függésére a következő egyenlet írható fel [J99]: (34) egyenlet.” – 67.o.

J99-c4. S.H.Sheng, R.F.Zhang, S.Veprek: Phase stabilities and decomposition mechanism in the Zr-Si-N system studied by combined ab initio DFT and thermodynamic calculation – Acta Mater, 2011, vol.59, pp.297-307 – “The so-called surface phase transition, which has been theoretically predicted by Cahn and recently elaborated in more detail by Kaptay et al [J99], essentially states that the system will decrease the high surface energy of the ionic transition metal nitride by wetting it with covalent Si3N4” – p.305.

J98. Kaptay Gy.: Vitacikk Réger M., Verő B., Csepeli Zs. és Szélig Á.: “Folyamatosan öntött bugák makrodúsulása” címmel megjelent cikkéhez – BKL Kohászat, 2005., 138. évf., 3. szám, 13-16 o. (IF = 0) J98-c1. Réger Mihály és Verő Balázs válasza Kaptay György vitacikkére – BKL Kohászat, 2005., 138.

évf., 5. szám, 14-18. o. – „Először is szeretenénk a köszönetünket kifejezni Kaptay Györgynek, aki vette a fáradtságot, és részletesen elemezte a szóban forgó cikket… Külön köszönjük azokat a javaslatokat, melyeket a szerző a makrodúsulási modell javítása érdekében megfogalmazott [J98] …stb.. több oldal kereszthivatkozás hol elfogadva, hol nem a javaslataimat” – p.14.

J97. G.Kaptay, T.Bárczy: On the asymmetrical dependence of the threshold pressure of infiltration on the wettability of the porous solid by the infiltrating liquid – J.Mater.Sci, 2005, vol.40, pp.2531-2535. (IF = 0.901) J97-c1. DA Weirauch: Technologically significant capillary phenomena in high-temperature materials

processing. Examples drawn from aluminum industry – Current Opp Solid State and Mater Sci, 2005, vol.9, pp.230-240 – „Progress made in understanding the effect of pore geometry in pressure infiltration processing [J97] should be transferable to a better interpretation of the effect of metallostatic pressure on refractory infiltration and corrosion” – p.237.

J97-c2. R.Voytovych, V.Bougiouri, NR Calderon, J Narciso, N Eustathopoulos: Reactive infiltration of porous graphite by NiSi alloys – Acta mater, 2008, vol. 56, pp.2237-2246 – „In real porous solids, calculations give the threshold pressure values in the range of 50 – 85 degrees, depending on the pore shape [J97]” – p.2344.

J97-c3. I.N.Orbulov, Á.Németh, J.Dobránszky: Composite production by pressure infiltration – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.137-142 – “The threshold pressure can be calculated by theoretical approaches for various systems [J97]” – p.137.

J97-c4. R. Israel: Etude des Interactions Entre Silicium Liquide et Graphite pour Application á l’élaborattion du silicium photovoltaique, PhD Thesis, Grenoble Polytechnique, 2009, (Nicolas EUSTATHOPOULOS, Denis CAMEL) – „L’équation 1.10 prévoit pour le système modèle de la figure 1.11 une infiltration spontanée pour θ < 90°. Dans la pratique les pores ne sont pas cylindriques et leur section n’est pas constante. Ainsi, dans l’exemple de la figure 1.15, l’infiltration ne conduit pas seulement au remplacement d’une surface du type solide-vapeur par une surface du type solide-liquide, mais aussi à une augmentation de la surface liquide-vapeur, augmentation qui conduit à une diminution de la force motrice d’infiltration. Pour cette raison, l’infiltration totale d’une préforme poreuse sous l’effet des seules forces capillaires a lieu pour θ < θ* où θ* est une valeur ″seuil″ inférieure à 90°. Des modèles élaborés en faisant différentes approximations sur la forme des pores ont conduit à des valeurs de θ* allant de 85° à 50° [Trumble, 1998; Kaptay et al, 2005].” - p.27.

J97-c5. B.Drevet, O.Pajani, N.Eustathopoulos: Wetting, infiltration and sticking phenomena in Si3N4 releasing coatings in the growth of photovoltaic silicon – Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells – 2010, vol.94, pp.425-431 – „Spontaneous infiltration of a liquid into a porous media occurs when the equilibrium contact angle of the liquid on pore walls is much lower than 90o [J97]” – p.428

J97-c6. N.Eustathopoulos, R.Israel, B.Drevet, D.Camel: Reactive infiltration by Si: Infiltration versus wetting – Scr. Mater, 2010, vol.62, pp.966-971 – “Spontaneous (pressurless) infiltration of a liquid in a porous medium occurs when the equilibrium contact angle of the liquid on the pore walls is much lower than 90o [J97] – p.966.

J97-c7. N.C.Calderon, R.Voytovich, J.Narciso, N.Eustathopoulos: Pressurless infiltration versus wetting in AlSi/graphite system – J Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.4345-4350 – “For real porous solids, calculations give theta values in the range of 50 – 85 degrees depending on the pores shape [J97]” – p.4345.

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J97-c8. Lassiaz S., Galarneau A., Trens P., Labarre D., Mutin H., Brunel D.: Organo-lined alumina surface from covalent attachment of alkylphosphonate chains in aqueous solution - New J. Chem, 2010., vol.34, pp.1424-1435 – „The penetration of liquids inside these cavities also depends on the surface wettability” – p.1431.

J97-c9. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozitjuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – „Kaptay és Bárczy [J97] megmutatták, hogy a porózus szilárd testekbe való infiltráció esetén a kritikus peremszög általában 90o-nál kisebb” – 20.o.

J97-c10. Y.Zhao, Y.Wang, Y.Zhou, P.Shen: Reactive wetting and infiltration of polycrystalline WC by molten Zr2Cu alloy – Scripta Mater, 2011, vol.64, pp. 229-232 – „Spontaneous infiltration of a liquid into a porous preform, which has advantages for the production of complex shaped composites to near net shape with very low residual porosity, occurs when the contact angle of the liquid on the pore walls is significantly less than 90o [J97]” – p.229.

J96. G.Kaptay: Classification and general derivation of interfacial forces, acting on phases, situated in the bulk, or at the interface of other phases – J.Mater.Sci, 2005, vol.40, pp.2125-2131 (IF = 0.901) J96-c1. SE Friberg, AA Bawab, AA Abdoh: Surface active inverse micelles – Colloid Polym Sci, 2007,

vol.285, pp.1625-1630 – “For liquids at interfaces, Professor Kaptay [J96] has recently given a thorough treatment” – p.1628.

J96-c2. F.D.Fisher, T.Waitz, D.Vollath, N.K.Simha: On the role of surface energy and surface stress in phase-tramsforming nanoparticles – Progress in Mater Sci., 2008, vol.53, pp.481-527 – „Kaptay [J96] classifies (2γ/R) in his recent overview as the „curvature induced interfacial force”, and mentions several further types of interfacial forces… „ – p.490.

J96-c3. O.Udvardy, A.Lovas: Dynamic phenomena during sessile drop measurements due to oxide layer disruption – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.173-178 – „The disrupted oxide on the surface of the droplets sirl. The origin of this phenomenon can be the Marangoni convection [J96], because the surface tension of the oxide and the pure molten metal is different and the bottom of the molten drop can be at different temperatures” – p.178.

J96-c4. C.Pfeiler, B.G.Thomas, M.Wu, A.Ludwig, A.Kharicha: Solidification and particle entrapment during continuous casting of steel Steel Res. Int., 2008, vol.79, pp.599-607 – „A lot of theoretical approaches have been proposed to understand the interaction of particles with a solidifying interface. Due to the complexity of the phenomenon the analytical models [J96] are still discussed and improved.” – p.600, “At present, a discussion in the scientific community is ongoing whether this surface energy gradient force acts only on liquid or gaseous phases (such as bubbles), or also on solid particles [J96]” – p.602.

J96-c5. A.Javili, P.Steinmann: A finite element framework for continua with boundary energies. Part I: the two-diomensional case – Comput. Methods Appl. Engrg, 2009, vol.198, pp.2198-2208. – “As it has been studied, eg. [J96], surfaces of bodies and interfaces between pairs of bodies exhibit properties different from those associated with the bulk.” – p.2198.

J96-c6. SE Friberg: Effect of relative humidity on the evaporation path from a phenethyl alcohol emulsion – J Coll Interface Sci, 2009, vol.336, pp.786-792 – „Emulsions are one of the most important vehicles both for their own processing as well as their application in a large number of industries such as pharmaceutics, cosmetics, preparation of nano-particles and others. Hence, general treatments ar ereadily available and there heas been significant progress in the more fundamental aspects of the related science [J96]” – p.786.

J96-c7. A.Javili, P.Steinmann: A finite element framework for continua with boundary energies. Part II: The three-diomensional case – Comput. Methods Appl. Engrg, 2010, vol.199, pp.755-765. – “These (surface) effects could phenomenologically be modlled in terms of boundaries equipped with their own potential energy and it has been well studied in the literature since the milestone work by Gibbs and elaborated by others, eg. [J96]” – p.755

J96-c8. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, H.Mavros: Solidification behaviour of ceramic particle reinforced Al-alloy matrices – J.Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.2165-2173 – „Especially in the case of cast metal composites, however, a contact angle of less than 90 oC (sicc) is not sufficient to lead to spontaneous entry of the particles but a 0o contact angle (total spreading condition) is required as shown by the works of Nakae et al., Wu et al. and Kaptay [J96]” – p.1/9

J96-c9. A.Javili, P.Steinmann: On thermomechanical solids with boundary structures – Int J Solids Solid Structures, 2010, vol.47, pp.3245-3253 – “These effects could phenomenologically be modeled in terms of boundaries equipped with their own free energy and it has been well studied

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in the literature since the milestone work by Gibbs and elaborated by others. e.g. … by Kaptay” – p.3245.

J96-c10. P.C:Millet, Yu.U.Wang: Diffuse interface field approach to modeling arbitrarily-shaped particles at fluid-fluid interfaces – J Coll Interface Sci, 2011, vol.353, pp.46-51 – “In order to verify the model presented in Sec.2 provides the correct magnitude and direction of the capillary force, we have simulated the well-defined case of a circular particle intersecting a flat interface [J96].” – p.48.

J96-c11. A.Javili, P.Steinmann: A finite element framework for continua with boundary energies. Part III: The thermomechanical case – Comput. Methods Appl. Engrg, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.cma.2010.12.013 – “Due to large surface to volume ratio at a nanscale, surface behaviour becomes particularly important in nanomaterials behaviours. These effects could phenomenologically be modelled in terms of boundaries equipped with their own potential energy and it has been well studied in the literature since the milestone work by Gibbs and elaborated by others, e.g. Adam, Adamson and Gast, Kaptay [J96] and Steinmann and Hasner.” – p.3/45

J95. G.Kaptay: A unified equation for the viscosity of liquid metals – Z.Metallkd., 2005, vol.96, pp.24-31 (IF = 0.842) J95-c1. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart: Metal Foams – towards high-temperature colloid chemistry – Chapter 11

in: „Colloidal particles at Liquid Interfaces, ed. By B.P.Binks, T.S.Horozov, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.445-499 – „Kaptay [J95] recently derived a unified equation for the dynamic viscosity of pure liquid metals …. 1 equation is give….” – p.463-464

J95-c2. Lu HM, Li G, Zhu YF, Jiang Q: Temperature dependence of self-diffusion coefficient in several liquid metals - JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS 352 (26-27): 2797-2800 AUG 1 2006 – „Recently, Kaptay [J95] also deduced similar relationship between viscosity and surface tension at melting point while with 24 % higher slope” – p.3798.

J95-c3. Lu H.M., Wang T.H., Jiang Q.: Surface tension and self-diffusion coefficient of liquid Si and Ge – J Crystal Growth, 2006, vol.293, pp.294-298 - „Recently, Kaptay [J95] also deduced similar relationship between viscosity and surface tension at melting point while with 24 % higher slope” – p.296.

J95-c4. D.Zivkovic: A new approach to estimate the viscosity of the ternary liquid alloys using the Budai-Benko-Kaptay equation – Metall Mater Trans B, 2008, vol.39, pp.395-398 – „According to Kaptay’s unified equation fopr the viscosity of pure liquid metals, the average values of parameters A and B….. [J95]„ – p.395.

J95-c5. Q.Jiang, H.M.Lu: Size dependent interface energy and its applications – Surface Science Reports, 2008, vol.63, pp.427-464. – „„Recently, Kaptay [J95] also deduced similar relationship between viscosity and surface tension at melting point while with 24 % higher slope” – p.457.

J95-c6. X. Song, X.Bian, J.Zhang, J.Zhang: Temperature-dependent viscosities of eutectic Al-Si alloys modified with Sr and P – J Alloy Compounds, 2009, vol.479, pp.670-673 – „Another simplified equation is als suitable to determine the viscous flow coefficient at any temperature [J95] as the following relation….” – p.672.

J95-c7. P.Terzieff: The viscosity of liquid alloys of polyvalent metals with Cu, Ag and Au: Theoretical treatments based on the enthalpy of mixing – Physica B, 2009, vol.404, pp. 2039-2044 – “The most convenient model used here is based on the unified equation for the viscosity of pure liquid metals formulated by Kaptay [J95]. The only information needed to predict the viscosity is the melting temperature, the atomic mass and the molar volume of the metal under consideration. ….. For Ge, Sb and Bi the corrected melting temperatures proposed by Kaptay [J95] were amployed” – p.2040, “Fig-s 1-10: “unified model”” – pp.2040-2044, “The least strenuous way to calculate viscosities is given by the unified equation of Kaptay and coworkers [J95]”. … The additional isotherms (curves b’) shown for Cu-Bi, Cu-Sb, Ag-Ge and Ag-Sb were obtained by using the corrected melting temperatures for Ge (450 K), Sb (650 K) and Bi (450 K) as recommended by Kaptay [J95]. As compared to the isotherms obtained with the uncorrected melting temperatures (curves b) the improvemenets are extremely large for Ag-Ge (Fig.6), less pronounced for Cu-Sb and Ag-Sb (Figs 4, 8)and small for Cu-Bi (Fig.2).” – p.2043. “The obvious improvements underline the adequateness of considerations concenrning this matter [J95]” – p.2044.

J95-c8. T.Iida, R.Guthrie: Predictions for the sound velocity in various liquid metals at their melting point temperature – Metal Mater Trans B, 2009, vol.40B, pp.959-966. – “Table III compares experimental values of the melting point viscosity of liquid molybdenum and platinum with those values calculated using a few models. These models are represented by the following

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equations: v. Kaptay’s equation (see a unified equation by Kaptay [J95]: (equation).. Table III. Kaptay” – p.963.

J95-c9. DL Beke: On the composition and pressure dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient in liquid metals – Int J Mater Res, 2010, vol.101, 353-355. – „Here A = …..[J95]” – p.354. „Since int he dimensional combination of the viscosity, the energy scaling parameter is present, its use can be a good solution to find a „corrected” value for T min liquid state, as it was done in.[J95]” – p.354.

J95-c10. Beke DL.: Composition and Pressure Dependence of the Diffusion Coefficients in Binary Liquid Alloys – Defect and Diffusion Forum, 2010, vol.297-301, pp.1371-1376. – „Note that there could be some problems for semimetals [J95]: what about the pressure dependence of the corrected melting points for semimetals? Here, the pressure dependence of the viscosity can be used on the relation with the melting point [J95]” – p.1374.

J95-c11. XP Su, S. Yang, JH Wang, NY Tang, FC Yin, Z Li, MX Zhao: A New Equation for Temperature Dependent Solute Impurity Diffusivity in Liquid Metals – J. Phase Equil. Diffusion, 2010, vol. 31, pp. 333-340. –„Abstract: An equation to predict the temperature dependence of solute impurity diffusivity in liquid metals has been derived by combining the Sutherland-Einstein formula with Kaptay’s unified equation ont he dynamic viscosity of liquid metals.” – p.333. „Combining the Andrade equation with the activation energy model, Kaptay has derived the following unified formula for predicting viscosity [J95]: … + 9 lines description” – p.334. „Conclusions: .. a new solute diffusion equation has been developed by combining the Sutherland-Einstein equation and Kaptay’s unified viscosity formula. Comparison with available experimental data indicated a satisfactory agreement” – p.339.

J94. G.Kaptay: Modelling Interfacial Energies in Metallic Systems – Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.1-10. (IF = 0.399) J94-c1. B.Sarler: Solution of a two-dimensional bubble shape in potential flow by the method of

fundamental solutions – Eng. Anal. with Bound. Elem., 2006, vol.30, pp.227-235 – „Important complex-behaved parameters of such systems are the interface energies and forces [J94]” – p.227

J94-c2. Gao L., Zhao J., He J.: Microstructure of rapidly solidified Cu-Co alloy – Special Casting / Nonferrous Alloys, 2006, vol.26, No.10, pp.626-628 (Ref. No.17) – „… Kaptay [J94] … Chinese text… Eq.(3) .. from my paper….” P.628.

J94-c3. D.Zivkovic: A new approach to estimate the viscosity of the ternary liquid alloys using the Budai-Benko-Kaptay equation – Metall Mater Trans B, 2008, vol.39, pp.395-398 – „The semiempirical parameter equal to q = 25.4 ± 2 [J94] wich in physical sense is related to the cohesion energy in pure liquid metals.” – p.395.

J94-c4. J.Brillo, D.Chatain, I.Egry: Surface tension of liquid binary alloys – theory versus experiment – Int J Mat Res, 2009, vol.100, pp.53-58 – „Ai is the surface area in a monolayer of one mole of pure, i.e. unalloyed, liquid substrate. It is calculated from the corresponding molar volume, Vi of component i as foillows [J94] – equation” – p.53. “The factor β accounts for a reduced coordination of atoms in the surface layer. Depending on the atomic short range order in the liquid, it varies from 0.5 to 1 [J94].” – p.54.

J94-c5. Sklyarchuk VM, Yakimovich AS, Dufanets' MV: Calculation on Viscosity of Al-Cu Liquid Alloys – Metallofizika i noveishie technologii, 2008, vol.30, pp., 315-321.

J94-c6. Sklyarchuk VM, Yakimovich AS, Dufanets' MV: Koeficient dinimichnoi viazkosti rozplaviv sistemi Al-Cu - Abstract konferencii SMMT-2008.

J94-c7. T.Iida, R.Guthrie: Performance of a modified Skapski model for the surface tension of liquid metallic elements at their melting point temperatures – Metal Mater Trans B, 2009, vol.40B, pp.967-978. – „A considerable number of research articles on the surface tension of liquid metallic elements have been reported even in the last 10 years [J94]” – p.967.

J94-c8. T.Iida, R.Guthrie: Performance of a modified Schytil model for the surface tension of liquid metallic elements at their melting point temperatures – Metal Mater Trans B, 2010, vol.41B, pp.437-447 – „Many papers on the surface tension of metallic liquids have been published in the last 15 years or so [J94]” – .

J94-c9. G.Wei, X.Pan: Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Cu-based Composite Coating on 6061 Aluminum Alloy by Laser Cladding – Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys, 2010, vol.30, pp.372-375 (http://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/Periodical_tzzzjyshj201004028.aspx) – „Kaptay [J49]: the equation for liquid/liquid interfacial energy” – p.373.

J94-c10. XP Su, S. Yang, JH Wang, NY Tang, FC Yin, Z Li, MX Zhao: A New Equation for Temperature Dependent Solute Impurity Diffusivity in Liquid Metals – J. Phase Equil.

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Diffusion, 2010, vol. 31, pp. 333-340. „It has been shown recently on the example of the surface tension that the cohesion energy correlates with th emelting point of normal metals … where q is a semi-empirical parameter determined to be q = 25.4 ± 2 [J94]” – p.334.

J94-c11. Pázmán J.: Szilíciumkarbid szemcsék kémiai nikkelezése és fémkompozitokban történő alkalmazása – PhD disszertáció (tud. vez.: Gácsi Z.), Miskolc, 2010. – “Szerencsére már ismertek olyan fogalmak, mint a határfelületi feszültség, adheziós energia [J94]” – 28.o., „.. a fém-ionos határfelületi adhézió nagyobb, mint a fém-kerámia és így a kialakuló bevonat tapadása jobb, ha inos jellegű oxidréteget képezünk a kovalens kötésű szilíciumkarbid szemcsék felületén [J94]” – 39.o.

J94-c12. AA Simonova: Obespechenie neobhodimogo kachestva poverhnostnogo sloia obiomnich nanokristallicheskich metallov posle mechanicheskoi obrabotki – Naukovi Notatki (Inzhenerna mechanika), No.24, 2009, Luck, pp.500-506 – „sigma: energia stikovoi mezhzerennoi granici [J94]….” – p.502.

J93. O.Verezub, G.Kaptay, T.Matsushita, K.Mukai: Penetration dynamics of solid particles into liquids. High-speed experimental results and modeling - Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.429-434. (IF = 0.399) J93-c1. E.Bitay: Ceramic particle dispersion analysis in laser surface alloying – Materials Science

Forum, 2006, vol.508, pp.295-300 – „Other factors, such as wettability of the particle by the liquid, drag force and gravity/buoyancy force was taken into account by some other authors [J93]” – p.298.

J93-c2. Kálazi Z. (Buza G.): Alumínium lézersugaras felületötvözése – PhD szemináriumi beszámoló, 2008. december 9., Miskolci Egyetem, 22 oldal.

J93-c3. Hórvölgyi Z.: Anorganikus részecskék folyadék-fluidum határrétegbeli diszperziói és szilárd hordozós filmjei – MTA doktori értekezés, 2010. “A folyadék-fluidum határrétegben felhalmozódó kvázi amfipatikus szilárd mikrofázisoknak különös jelentősége van a habok és emulziók stabilizálásában [J93]” – p.1.

J92. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: Stability of SiC in Al-rich corner of liquid Al-Si-Mg system - Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.415-420. (IF = 0.399) J92-c1. E.Mostaed, A.Mostaed, H.Saghafian, A.Shokuhfar, H.R.Rezaie: Effect of SiC Particles

Volume Fraction on the Mutual Diffusion of Al and Cu during Fabrication of Al-4.5wt%Cu/SiC via Mechanical Alloying – Defect and Diffusion Forum, 2009, vol.283-286, pp.499-503. – „ In Eq. (1) and Eq. (2) show the chemical reactions which take place at the temperature 923-1272 K [J92].” – p.499. „Fig.1. The standard Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant as function of temperature for Eq.(2) [J92]” – p.500.

J92-c2. X.Q.Luo, H.M.Guo, X.J.Yang: Heterogeneous nucleation for AZ91 with in situ synthesis Al4C3 – Adv. Mater Res, 2010, vol.97-101, pp.1069-1072. „The surface of SiC particles were coated by Al4C3 [J92]” – p.1071.

J92-c3. E.Candan, H.V.Atkinson, Y.Turen, I.Salaoru, S.Candan: Wettability of aluminium-magnesium alloys on silicon carbide substrates – J Amer Ceram Soc, 2011, to be published. “Yaghmaee and Kaptay [J92] have examined the stability range of SiC in ternary liquid Al-Si-Mg alloy and shown that a certain minimum critical Si content is needed in the melt to avoi the formation of Al4C3 at the interface. The critical Si-content has been found to increase both with temperature and with the Mg-content of the melt” – p. 4.

J92-c4. Pázmán J.: Szilíciumkarbid szemcsék kémiai nikkelezése és fémkompozitokban történő alkalmazása – PhD disszertáció (tud. vez.: Gácsi Z.), Miskolc, 2010. – “Az Al4C3 vegyület kedvezőtlen tulajdonságai (rideg fázis, mely csökkenti a kompozit törési szívósságát és a hőállóságát, valamint vízzel reagálva a kompozit korrózióval szembeni érzékenységét növeli meg [J92]” – 10.o.

J91. I.Budai, M.Z.Benkő, G.Kaptay: Analysis of literature models on viscosity of binary liquid metallic alloys on the example of the Cu-Ag system - Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.309-314. (IF = 0.399)

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J91-c1. D.Zivkovic: Estimation of the viscosity for Ag-In and In-Sb liquid alloys using different models – Z.Metallkunde, 2006, vol.97, pp.89-93 – „some models can be in conflict with experimental points, as was already shown [J91]” – p.90, „Eq.(6) works particularly well for system in which the pure components have similar properties (i.e. the Ag-Cu system [J91])” – p.91.

J91-c2. Brillo J, Brooks R, Egry I, Quested P: Viscosity measurement of liquid ternary Cu-Ni-Fe alloys by an oscillating cup viscometer and comparison with models - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 98 (6): 457-462 JUN 2007 – „An overview of selected models that will be discussed in the present work is given in [J91].” – p.457.

J91-c3. YH Liu: Viscosity of molten Zn-Al, Zn-Cu and Zn-Al-Cu alloys – Galvantech07 (Proceedings), 2007, pp.171-176 – „Recently it was noticed by the author that prior to Liu’s work, Budai et al [J91] had already modified Seetharaman’s model based on the same argument, but used the excess enthlapy of mixing to replace the excess Gibbs energy of mixing” – p.172. „Budai et al [J91] pointed out that a positive deltaH would reduce rather than increase deltaG*, thus changed Eq.(7) to: {Equation 8}” – p.174. „ Summary: The thermodynamic model by Budai, Banko and Kaptay [J91] for predicting the viscosity of binary alloys has been successfully extended and used in prediction of the viscosity of ternary Al-Cu-Zn alloys” – p.175.

J91-c4. S.Gruner, W.Hoyer: The dynamic viscosity of liquid Cu-Si alloys – J Alloys Compds, 2008, vol.460, pp.496-499 – „… both linear and semi-logarithmic mixing rules are used in literature, see [J91]. …. Reviews are to be found in [J91]” – p.498.

J91-c5. D.Zivkovic: Application of the Kaptay model in calculation of ternary liquid alloys viscosities – Int J Mat Res, 2008, vol.99, pp.748-750 – „Kaptay’s approach to estimate the viscosity of liquid metallic alloys from viscosities of pure liquid metals and thermodynamic properties of the liquid alloy has been tested for different types of binary systems [J91], including those with considerable deviations from ideality” – pp.748-749.

J91-c6. M.Kehr, M.Schick, W.Hoyer, I.Egry: Viscosity of the binary system Al-Ni – High Temperatures – High Pressures, 2008, vol.37, pp.361-368. – “An overview of the common models is given in [J91]. After having tested a variety of models it turned out that the two models provide reasonable results in the case of Al-Ni alloys. One is the model of Kozlov [J91]:.. {Eq.2}. The second model has been developed by Kaptay [J91] {Eq-s.3-4}. “ – p.364, “The calculated data are compared to the measured data in Fig.3. The Kozlov model produces values significantly higher than the measured ones. On the other hand the Kaptay-model fits the measured values reasonably well. While the Kozlov model is taking into account only the viscosity of the pure liquid elements and the enthalpy of mixing, the Kaptay-model also considers the interaction between the atoms of the liquid. Structural ordering is not taken into account in both models. The partial deviations of the measured values from the smooth function of the Kaptay-model can therefore be interpreted as a sign of structural ordering in the liquid. - pp.365-367, “Fig.3. Viscosity values calculated using the Kozlov-model [J91] (solid line) and the Kaptay-model [J91] (dashed line) and measured values of this work” – p.366.

J91-c7. S. Gruner, W. Hoyer: A statistical approach to estimate the experimental uncertainty of viscosity data obtained by the oscillating cup technique – J. Alloys Compounds, 2009, pp. 629-633 – „A variety of model equations for the viscosity of multi-component liquids have been developed – for recent reviews see [J91]” – p.629

J91-c8. S.Gruner, J.Marczinke, W.Hoyer: Short-range order and dynamic viscosity of liquid Cu-Ge alloys – J Non-Cryst. Solids, 2009, vol.355, pp.880-884 – “Reviews of possible approaches (for concentration dependence of viscosity) are given in [J91]. From the models presented in [J91] the Kozlov equation is selected for the present study” – p.882.

J90. T.Bárczy, G.Kaptay: Modelling the infiltration of liquid metals into porous ceramics - Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.297-302. (IF = 0.399) J90-c1. Orbulov IN, Németh Á, Dobránszky J: XRD and EDS Investigations of Metal Matrix

Composites and Syntactic Foams. 13th European Conference on X-Ray Spectrometry, Cavtat, Croatia, 16-20 June 2008, In: EXRS 2008 Proceedings. “The required pressure can be estimated by numerical methods and depends on the wetting similarly as in the case of fibre-reinforced MMCs [J90]” – p.2/10

J90-c2. Orbulov I, Németh Á, Dobránszky J: Manufacturing of Composites by Pressure infiltration, Structure and Mechanical Properties. In: Penninger A, Váradi K, Vörös G (eds.), Gépészet 2008, Proceedings of Sixth Conference on Mechanical Engineering, BUTE Faculty of Mechanical

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Engineering – “This threshold pressure can be calculated by theoretical approaches for various systems [J90]” – p.1/9.

J90-c3. I.N.Orbulov, J.Dobránszky: Producing metal matrix syntactic foams by pressure infiltration – Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering, 2008, vol.52, No.1, pp.35-42. – „Bárczy and Kaptay (2005) developed a fully theoretical model for closely packed spheres based on the equilibrium of gravitational, capillary and outer forces. The model considered the effect of wetting angle, surface tension and volume fraction [J90] – p.35. “Eq.(1), Table 3, calculated values are given” – p.38

J90-c4. I.N.Orbulov, J.Dobranszky, A.Nemeth: Microstructural characterization of syntactic foams – J Mater Sci, 2009, vol.44, pp.4013-4019 – “Barczy and Kaptay [J90] developed a theoretical method by considering the wetting angle, surface tension and based on the equilibrium of gravitational, capillary and outer forces.” – p.4014.

J90-c5. Orbulov I.N.: Szintaktikus fémhabok, PhD értekezés (Dobránszky János és Németh Árpád, BME, 2009. június) – „A küszöbnyomás elméleti becslésére Bárczy és Kaptay analitikus modellt dolgozott ki [J90]. Ez a munka tartalmazza…. 1 oldal, 5 egyenlet, 2 ábra a cikkből” – 17-18. oldalak, „8. táblázat: Bárczy-Kaptay modell [J90] (számolt értékek)” – 36. oldal. „Az infiltrálási küszöbnyomás 0,5 és 0 bar között van. Ezt az értéktartományt Rohatgi és Trumble modelljei nagymértékben alulbecslik. A Bárczy-Kaptay modell helyesebb eredményt ad, bár a küszöbnyomás értéktartományát kismértékben felülbecsüli.” – 38. o.

J90-c6. I.N.Orbulov, Á.Németh, J.Dobránszky: Hardness Testing of metal matrix syntactic foams – Proc. Of 7th Int Conf on Mechanical Testing, BME, Hungary, 2010, pp.16-22. – „Bárczy, Kaptay and other authors developed theoretical and semi-experimental methods to determine the threshold pressure [J90]” – p.16.

J90-c7. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – „.. ha a porózus test egyforma, szorosan pakolt gömbökből van kirakva, akkor a kritikus peremszög 50,7o [J90]” – 20.o.

J90-c8. Orbulov I.N.: Szintaktikus fémhabok mikroszerkezeti vizsgálata – Gép, 2010, No.11, pp.4-8 – „Bárczy és Kaptay [J90] elméleti modellt fejlesztett ki, amely figyelembe veszi a nedvesítési szöget, a felületi feszültséget és a gravitációs, kapilláris és külső erők (infiltráló nyomás) egyensúlyán alapszik”. – p.4.

J90-c9. Orbulov I.N., Á.Németh: Global, depth sensing and dynamic hardness of metal matrix syntactic foams – Periodica Polytechnica, 2009, vol. 53, No.-2, pp.93-99. – „Bárczy and Kaptay developed a theoretical method considering wetting angle, surface tension and based ont he equilibrium of gravitational, capillary and outer forces [J90]” – p.93.

J90-c10. I.N.Orbulov: Infiltration of ceramic microballons by liquid metals – research plan for SCIEX-NMS, February, 2011, 12 pp. – „Other articles are interested especially int he infiltration of microspheres and microballons and this is the case of MMSFs [J90]” – p.9.

J89. J.Sytchev, N.Borisenko, G.Kaptay: Intercalation of lithium into graphite as the first step to produce carbon nanotubes in an electrochemical way – Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.147-152 (IF = 0.399) J89-c1. Adamokova M.N.: Elektrovidelenie metallicheskogo volframa, molibdena i ich karbidovi z

nizkotemperaturnich galogenidno-oksidnich rasplavov – Diss. na kand. him. nauk, Ekaterinburg, 2005, 142 pp. – „V 2000 g. nachala publikovat rezultati issledovanii po polucheniiu nanotrubok elektroliticheskim metodom tretia gruppa – Kaptay G i Sychev J.Iv Vengrii [J89] vosproizveli rezultati rabot Fray-a, takzhe pokazali, shto elektroosozhdenie litiia, natriia, kaliia, magniia, kalciia iz sootvetstvuiushich rasplavlennich hloridov privodit k polucheniu uglerodnich nanotrubok. Produkti elektroliza bili issledovani metodom atomno-silovoi mikroskopii”….. „G.Kaptay i J.Sichev s sotrudnikami (Vengriia) zanimaiutsia issledovaniem mechanizma obrazovaniia uglerodnich nanotrubok pri osazhedenii shelochnich metallov (litiia i natriia) i shelochnozemelnich metallov (magniia i kalciia) iz rasplavlennich solei na grafitovii katod [J89]” – p.25.

J88. P.Baumli, J.Sytchev, Zs.H.Göndör, G.Kaptay: Interaction between a titanium-containing molten salt and an alumina plate - Materials Science Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.39-44. (IF = 0.399)

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J88-c1. Zhai XJ, Zhang Z, Li JD, Zhang MJ: Deoxidization mechanism of in-situ electro-deoxidization of TiO2 to titanium – in: TMS 2008 ANNUAL MEETING SUPPLEMENTAL PROCEEDINGS, VOL 1: MATERIALS PROCESSING AND PROPERTIES 2008, TMS, pp. 385-390.

J87. G.Kaptay: A new equation for the temperature dependence of the excess Gibbs energy of solution phases – CALPHAD, 2004, vol.28, pp.115-124. (in „Top 25 articles within the journal” – „No.13.” in 2nd quarter of 2005, „No.12” in the 4th quarter of 2005 and „No.12” in the 1st quarter of 2006) (IF = 2.119) J87-c1: Schmid-Fetzer R, Janz A, Grobner J, Ohno M: Aspects of quality assurance in a

thermodynamic Mg alloy database - ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 7 (12): 1142-1149 DEC 2005 - „There is no simple solution to generally avoid the artifact of the inverted gap within the freamework of the most popular linear temperature dependency of liquid interaction parameters. Kaptay [J87] has clearly pointed out that the linearity results in an unrealistic exaggeration of excess mixing quantities at high temperature. However, the suggested solution of exponential temperature dependence [J87] may result in an artificial re-stabilization of the liquid phase at low temperature as detailed recently for the example of Mg-Si alloys” – p.1144.

J87-c2. Arroyave R, Liu ZK: Thermodynamic modelling of the Zn-Zr system - CALPHAD-COMPUTER COUPLING OF PHASE DIAGRAMS AND THERMOCHEMISTRY 30 (1): 1-13 MAR 2006 – „The interaction parameters of the liquid phase are modelled with an exponential temperature dependence, as recommended by Kaptay [J87]. In the latter case, the description of the hcp and bcc phases are modified accordingly” – p.1, .. „For the long time, it has been recognized that the (linear) expression may be problematic… To alleviate this problem, Kaptay [J87] has proposed a different temperature dependence for the interaction parameters: (Eq.8)…. This feature essentially eliminates inverted miscibility gaps” – p.3, .. “Model 3. The liquid and solid solution are modeled with interaction parameters that decay exponentially with temperature” – p.4, … “ ..the three models yield essentially the same phase diagram… Model 2 is the best… Model 3 is not satisfactory and perhaps a more complicated temperature dependence needs to be employed” – p.12.

J87-c3. Malakhov DV, Balakumar T: Re-optimization of the Mg-Sb system under topological constraints - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 97 (5): 517-525 MAY 2006 - – „If a better model is difficult to find, then various empirical or heurestic approaches can be tried. An interesting and very elegant semi-empirical method for getting rid of an inverted miscibility gap was recently proposed by Kaptay [J87]. The method, however, is not capable of handling the situations when a phase becomes stable in a region within which it should not exist. Besides, a utilization of Kaptay’s fomalism in practice is hampered by the necessity to rewrite source codes upon which Gibbs energy minimizers and procedures for optimization are based.” – p. 518.

J87-c4. R.Schmid-Fetzer, D.Amdersson, P.Y.Chevalier, L.Eleno, O.Fabrichnaya, U.R.Kattner, B.Sundman, C.Wang, A.Watson, L.Zabdyr, M.Zinkevich: Assessment techniques, database design and software facilities for thermodynamics and diffusion – Calphad, 2007, vol.31, pp.38-52. – „generally, the enthalpy and the excess entropy of mixing should have the same sign [J87]…. The –a/b ratio should be in the order of 3000 K for most systems [J87]…. Another possibility is to try to avoid the artificial miscibility gap completely, by bringing the liquid excess parameters to zero at high temperatures. Kaptay [J87] suggested an exponential function of the form ..Eq.(5).. (my equation is given)… The reasoning proposed by Kaptay is convincing since Eq.(5) satisfies all the necessary boundary conditions at high (and low) temperatures that are demanded. It is also true that over a limited temperature range, where actual experimental data may be provided, the exponential function does not visibly deviate from a straight line, as shown by Kaptay in a graph for the range 0.3 < T/tau < 0.4. However, no Calphad type analysis was performed in that paper [J87].” – p.43. „We have attempted to re-model the Mg-Si system using (Kaptay) Eq. This is a good test system since it contains just one stoichiometric intermediate phase, Mg2Si, having a well defined Gibbs energy and so only the Gibbs energy of the liquid remains to be adjusted. In fact, the inverted gap is avoided, as expected. However, for all the model parameter settings that came close to a proper description of at least the invariant phase equilibria in Fig.2, another artifact at low temperature is observed.” – p.43. „Fig 3 shows an attempt to reproduce the stable phase

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diagram by just refitting the liquid description with two Redlich-Kister excess parameters (L0 and L1, with h0, h1, τ0, τ1) with an exponential T-dependence (Eq-s 6.a-b). The optimized values of the 4 coefficients resulting from using only the invariant phase equilibria (but there are only 3 of them [GK]) as experimental information was: h0 = -95358 J/mol, τ0 = 1303.8 K, h1 = 15 442 793 J/mol (15 MJ/mol ?? [GK]) and τ1 = 120.6146 K (120 K?? [GK]). This attempt removed the inverted miscibility gap but instead the liquid became stable at low temperature, see Fig.3 (the low-T artifact is caused by not performing full assessment of the system and by finding 4 parameters using 3 nonvariant points, meaning one of the parameters is selected freely, thus by doing so it is not proven that the low-T artifact can happen in reality. However, it indeed proves that the low-T artifact can happen at least in principle [GK]). This artifact may be avoided by keeping track of the values of h and τ or by adding extra experimental information to prevent the liquid from becoming stable below some limit (e.g. 100 K), but it shows that the exponential model cannot be used without care” – p.44. „Therefore, the basic idea of (Kaptay) Eq is good and clearly superior to the popular linear equation and, in fact, solves the problem associated with high temperatures, but unfortunately may induce a new problem at low temperature” – p.44.

J87-c5. Malakhov DV, Balakumar T: Thermodynamic optimization under topological constraints: principles and examples – Calphad, 2007, vol.31, pp.402-403 (ref. No.4). – „Although the importance of this problem was understood a while ago, the first method specially tailored to struggle against inverted miscibility gaps was proposed only two years ago [J87]. Recently, a remarkably elegant Kaptay’s approach was tried for optimizing the Zn-Zr system” – p.403.

J87-c6. M.Idbenali, C.Servant, N.Selhaoui, L.Bouirden: A thermodynamic modelling of the Ba-Pb system – Calphad, vol.31, 2007, pp.479-489. – „In order to avoid during the phase diagram calculation the occurence of an unwanted miscibility gap in the liquid phase up to 6000 K [J87], additional constraints were imposed, such as the Gibbs energy of the liquid phase with positive curvature d2G/dx2 > 0, on the whole Pb composition range and every 500 K from 1000 to 6000 K” – p.481.

J87-c7. Malakhov DV, Balakumar T: Post-optimization elimination of inverted miscibility gaps - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 98 (9): 786-796 SEP 2007 – „A very interesting and potentially useful refinement proposed by Kaptay [J87] has already been tried for optimizing the Zn-Zr system…” – p.786.

J87-c8. V.Grolier, R.Schmid-Fetzer: Experimental study of Au-Pt-Sn phase equilibria and thermodynamic assessment of the Au-Pt and Au-Pt-Sn systems – J. Electronic Mater, 2008, vol.37, pp.264-278 – ’”Kaptay did recently propose for Calphad optimization purposes the constraint simplification: tau0 > 0 [J87]” – p.272.

J87-c9. M.Idbenali, C.Servant, N.Selhaoui, L.Bouirden: A thermodynamic reassessment of the Ca-Pb system – Calphad, 2008, vol.32, pp.64-73 – „In order to avoid the formation of an unwanted inverted miscibility gap of the liquid phase during the calculation of the Ca-Pb phase diagram, constraints must be imposed during the optimization procedure [J87]” – p.66. “Finally, we verified that no miscibility gap was calculated with our thermodynamic optimized parameters as commended in [J87]” – p.71.

J87-c10. C.Guo, Z.Du, C.Li: A thermodynamic description of the Mg-Pr-Y system – Calphad, 2008, vol.32, pp.177-187 – „Kaptay [J87] and Arroyave and Liu [J87-c2] pointed out that this expression of the Redlich-Kister equation may become problematic, especially in cases where the thermodynamic description is intended to be valid over a wide temperature range. Usually, the excess enthalpies and entropies of mixing have the same sign. Thus, there is always a temperature at which the L parameter changes sign. When this change is from negative to positive, and if this effect is more dominant than the … term due to ideal mixing, then spurious miscibility gaps tend to appear.” – pp.185-186.

J87-c11. M.Idbenali, N.Selhauni, L.Bouirden, C.Servant: Thermodynamic assessment of Fe-Hf binary system – J Alloys Comp., 2008, vol.456, pp.151-158 – „Two years ago, a method was propsed for avoiding the formation of an artificial inverted miscibility gap above the liquidus line [J87]…. Kaptay [J87] showed that, when using … 13 lines + eq-s” – p.153., + “5 lines, Eq.” – p.156-157.

J87-c12. H.Ran, Z.Du, C.Guo, C.Li: Thermodynamic modeling of the Ru-Zr system – J Alloys Compounds, 2008, vol.464, pp.127-132. – “Abstract: The solution phases were modeled with a new semi-empirical equation, which was recommended by Kaptay.” P.127, “.. To solve this problem, Kaptay [J87] has proposed a new semi-empirical equation {8 lines}… In order to compare the difference for the liquid phase between the models, two sets of thermodynamic descriptions were considered: the liquid and solid solutions are modeled with the linear

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temperature dependence by the Redlich-Kister equation and with the exponential temperature dependence by the Kaptay equation [J87]” – p.128, “Table 1, Kaptay equation” – p.129, “Fig.1. Calculated Ru-Zr phase diagram by the present thermodynamic description using (A) Kaptay equation [J87] and (B) Redlich-Kister equation with experimental data” – p.130, “Fig.2, Kaptay equation [J87]”, p.130, “Fig.3, Kaptay equation”, p.130, “Table 2, Kaptay equation [J87]”, p.131, “Fig.4. Calculated Gibbs energies of the bcc solution (A2) and RuZr with CsCl-type structure (B2) at 1800 K in the Ru-Zr system using Kaptay equation [J87]” – p.131. “Fig.5. Calculated Gibbs energies of the hcp solution (A3) and Ru2Zr with MgZn2-type structure (C14) at 2000 K in the Ru-Zr system using Kaptay equation [J87]” – p.131. “The Ru-Zr phase diagram calculated by means of thermodynamic parameters using the Kaptay equation [J87] is presented in Fig.1A, and is nearly identical to the one represented by experimental data of Eremenko et al.” – p.131. “In view of the estimated experimental errors (about 1-2 at%), all of the 18 experimental invariant reaction compositions in the Ru-Zr system are well reproduced by the Kaptay equation [J87]” – p.132. “It is shown that the Kaptay equation [J87] is the better one that reproduces the experimental data” – p.132. “Conclusions: A very good agreement is obtained between the calculations and experiments for Redlich-Kister and Kaptay equations, except for the liquid phase using the Redlich-Kister equation becomes unstable at 4700 K, while it is stable at high temperature using the Kaptay equation” – p.132.

J87-c13. D.V.Malakhov: On a shape-preserving thermodynamic optimization – Arch Metall Mater, 2008, vol.53, No.4, p.1097-1106. – „If the choice (of the model) was prompted by a „mathematical convenience”, i.e. if an aphysical formalism was used, then extrpolating may lead to artifacts … Among such artifacts, inverted miscibility gaps in the liquid phase at elevated temperatures are seen most frequently; the reasons behind their appearance are well understood [J87].” – p.1097.

J87-c14. Y.Gao, C.Guo, C.Li, S.Cui, Z.Du: Thermodynamic modeling of the Ru-Ti system – J Alloys Compounds, 2009, vol.479, pp.148-151 – “values calculated by means of the thermodynamic parameters using the Redlich-Kister equation and the Kaptay equation are presented in Fig.1a and 1.b, respectively, nearly identical to the one represented by Eremenko.” – p.150. “In view of the estimated experimental errors (about 1-2 at %), most of experimental invariant reaction compositions in the Ru-Ti system are well reproduced for Redlich-Kister and Kaptay equation.” – p.150. “Fig.2. Kaptay equation” – p.151, “Fig.3. Kaptay equation” – p.151, “Fig.3. is the calculated molar Gibbs energies of the bcc solution (A2) and RuTi with CsCl-type structure (B2) at 1600 K in the Ru-Ti system according to the Redlich-Kister equation and Kaptay equation” – p.151. “A very good agreement is obtained between the experiments and two calculations for Redlich-Kister and Kaptay equation” – Conclusion, p.151.

J87-c15. X.Yuan, W.Sun, Y.Du: Thermodynamic modeling of the Mg-Si system with Kaptay’s equation for excess Gibbs energy of liquid phase – Book of Abstracts to the 38th Calphad conference, 17-22 May, 2009, Praha, page 145. – “The Mg-Si system was re-modeled using Kaptay’s equation [J87], in which the equation …. was introduced to describe the excess Gibbs energy of the liquid phase. Compared with the previous assessments, in which the Redlich-Kister polynomial was used for the description of the liquid phase with a linear T-dependence of the interaction energies, the artificial inverted miscibility gap at high temperature was removed. Moreover, the liquid phase is not restabilized at low temperatures. The calculated phase diagram and thermodynamic properties agree well with the experimental data” – p.145.

J87-c16. M.Li, C.Guo, C.Li, Z.Du: A thermodynamic description of the Cr-Ge system – J Alloys Compd, 2009, vol.481, pp.283-290 – “Abstract: The excess Gibbs energies for the solution phases .. were described using the polynomial temperature dependence and Kaptay equation” – p.283, “The miscibility gaps do not close and imply that the solution is unstable. To solve this problem Kaptay [J87] proposed a semi-empirical equation (7)…” – p.285. “Kaptay equation” – in Tables 2, 3 + in Figs 1.a, 1.b, 2, 3.a, 3.b, 3.c, 6. “As shown in Table, satisfactory agreement is obtained between calculations and experimental values”. “Solid lines and dashed lines in Fig.1.a represent the calculated results using the polynomial temnperature dependence and Kaptay equation [J87], respectively. As shown in Fig.1.a, solid lines are identical to dashed lines at low temperature range. However, the liquid modeled with the polynomial temperature dependence has the critical temperature (about 6200 K) for the inverted miscibility gap. As mentioned in Section 3.2, the interaction parameters with the polynomial temperature dependence are only valid below the critical temperature and Kaptay equation [J87] is applied to overcome this problem in the present work.”. “Conclusion: A

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good agreement is obtained between the experiments and two calculations according to the polynomial temperature dependence and Kaptay equation”. – p.290.

J87-c17. S.Arnout: PhD thesis (assessment of phase diagrams in oxide systems with Cr2O3), Katholike Universitat, Leuven, 2009 – „This is a dangerous situation as it creates inverted miscibility gaps. Instead of the linear terms, Kaptay [J87] proposed to use an exponential term, which goes to zero at high temperatures. The use of this kind of parameters has, however, not been implemented in the quasichemical model” – p.120.

J87-c18. X.Yuan, W.Sun, Y.Du, D.Zhao, H.Yang: Thermodynamic modeling of Mg-Si system with the Kaptay equation for the excess Gibbs energy of the liquid phase – Calphad, 2009, vol.33, pp. 673-678. doi: 10.1016/j.calphad.2009.08.004. –„Abstract: The Mg-Si system was remodeled using the Kaptay equation .. Compared with the previous assessments using a linear temperature dependence .. the aritificial inverted miscibility gap at high temperature is removed.” – p.673. „Summary: The Kaptay equation was successfully used to describe the liquid phase int he Mg-Si system.” – p.678.

J87-c19. CY Zhan, W.Wang, Z.L.Tang, Z.R.Nie: Thermodynamic Research on Solution Properties of Al-Er Alloys – Mater Sci Forum, 2009, vol.610-613, pp. 674-680 – „Abstract: Mixing enthalpy of Al-Er binary alloys system has been calculated based on Miedema model, in which a new interaction parameters Li proposed by George Kaptay was considered: Li=h0i.exp(－T/τ0i ), which are used to indirectly calculate the activity of Er in Al-Er alloys and some other thermodynamic properties, such as excess Gibbs energy and excess entropy at 1073K.”

J87-c20. X.Li, C.Li, Z.Du, C.Guo: Thermodynamic analysis on ageing process of Mg-Zn alloys – Chinese journal at www.paper.edu.cn, 2009, vol.2, No.22, pp.2364-2372 – „… KAPTAY [J87]… Eq.(4) + parameters of Table 6”

J87-c21. C.Guo, C.Li, Z.Du: A thermodynamic modeling of the Gd-Tl system – J Alloys Compounds, 2009, vol.492, pp.122-127. – „In the present work, the excess Gibbs energiesof the liquid, bcc and hcp solution phases were modeled using the polynomial temperature dependence and Kaptay equation” – p.122. „To solve this problem, Kaptay [J87] has proposed a semi-empirical equation: ….” – p.123. „In addition, the Kaptay equation [J87] was applied int he solutions liquid, bcc and hcp in order to avoid the metastable miscibility gap at high temperature int he liquid state… Table 3. Thermoduynamic parameters of the liquid, bcc and hcp solution phases using the Kaptay equation in the Gd-Tl system” – p.3. „Table 4. Kaptay equation…” – p.126,, „Fig.1.b Calculated Gd-Tl phase diagram using Kaptay equation [16] with experimental data” – p.126, „Fig.3. Calculated molar Gibbs energies of the bcc solutiion (A2) and GdTl with CsCl-type structure (B2) at 1300 K using polynomial temperature deoendence and Kaptay equation [J87] int he Gd-Tl system” – p.126, „The interaction parameters expressed using Kaptay equation int he excess Gibbs energy for solution phases have certain physical interest, and can avoid the artificial miscibility gap in liquid at elevated temperature. Usually, the thermodynamic parameters optimized using Kaptay equation model are recommended to choose. However, in past decades, the interaction parameters int he excess Gibbs energy of the solution phases for almost all alloy systems were expressed in polynomial dependence of temperature, which were also used in almost all thermodynamic databases. Int he rpesent work, the thermodynamic parameters using two models for solution phases are optimized.” – pp.126-127. „Conclusions. A good agreement is obtained between the experiments and two calculations according to the polynomial temperature dependence and Kaptay equation.” – p.127.

J87-c22. Z.Chunyao, W.Wei, N.Zuoren: Electron Theory Research on Al-4.5Mg-Zr-Er Alloys – Materials Review (in Chinese), 2009, vol.18 (http://en.cnki.com.cn/Article_en/CJFDTotal-CLDB200918026.htm) – „Interaction parameter LA-B between components proposed by George Kaptay is introduced,then the interaction parameters between Al and Er,Zr,Mg are worked out based on Miedema model” – Abstract

J87-c23. Wang XL (Wang Xiaoliang), Li CR (Li Changrong), Guo GP (Guo Guiping), Du ZM (Du Zhenmin), He W (He Wei): Precipitation be Wang W (Wang, Wei)1, Guo CP (Guo, Cuiping)1, Li CR (Li, Changrong)1, Du ZM (Du, Zhenmin)1 haviour of GP zones during ageing process of Mg-Zn alloy – Acta Metall Sinica, 2010, vol. 46, No. 5, pp. 575-580 – „Kaptay Eq.(4) [J87]” – p.579

J87-c24. C.Niu, M.Liu, C.Li, Z.Du, C.Guo: Thermodynamic description on the miscibility gap of the Mg-based solid solution int he Mg-Zn, Mg-Nd and Mg-Zn-Nd systems – Calphad, 2010, vol.34, pp. 428-433 – „In the present work a new, semi-empirical equation proposed by

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Kaptay [J87] is used to describe the interaction parameter of the hcp-A3 solid solution, in order to prevent the apperance of the artificial miscibility gap at high temperature” – p.429.

J87-c25. D.V.Malakhov, M.Hosseinifar: A heuristic method to uncover a possible unsoundness of a physical-chemical model – Calphad, 2010, vol.34, pp.467-477 – „Defect of such models as well as deficiencies of mathematically handy but physically reproachable formalisms usually manifest themselves in the so-called artifacts with inverted miscibility gaps [J87] being most frequent among them” – p. 468.

J87-c26. S.H.Sheng, R.F.Zhang, S.Veprek: Phase stabilities and decomposition mechanism in the Zr-Si-N system studied by combined ab initio DFT and thermodynamic calculation – Acta Mater, 2011, vol.59, pp.297-307 – “We consider also the exponential T-dependence which has been recently recommended by Kaptay [J87] and successfully used for the thermodyanmic modeling of the Zn-Zr system” – p.298, “The exponential dependence of interaction parameter on temperature is given by [J87]: {Eq.(8)} + explanation” – p.303, “Fig-s 4b, 5b, 6c, 7”, - pp. 303-305, “The exponential T-dependence yields cross-over points of about x = 0.10-0.15 in better agreement with the experimental results than the linear one” – p.304.

J87-c27. Wang W, Guo CP, Li CR, Du ZM: Thermodynamic re-modeling of the Co-Gd system – Int. J. Mater Res., 2010, vol.101, pp.1339-1346.

J87-c28. P.Wang, L.Zhou, Y.Du, H.Xu, S.Liu, L.Chen, Y.Ouyang: Thermodynamic optimization of the Cu-Nd system – J Alloys Compounds, 2010, doi. 10.1016/j.jalcom.2010.11.160 – „Due to the development of the new thermodynamic software, and the increasingly enhanced awareness of these problems, they can be detected by powerful sotware [J87]” – p.1.

J87-c29. S.Sheng: Investigations into superhard nitride- and oxide-based nanocomposites by means of combined ab-initio DFT and thermodynamic calculations – Doktors der Naturwissenschaften, TU München, 2010 – „Kaptay recently recommended the use of the exponent6ial temperature dependence [J87].”, p.35. “The exponential dependence of interaction parameter on temperature given by Eq. [J87]… “ – p.43.

J86. G.Kaptay, T.Matsushita, K.Mukai, T.Ohuchi: On Different Modifications of the Capillary Model of Penetration of Inert Liquid Metals into Porous Refractories and their Connection to the Pore Size Distribution of the Refractories – Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2004, vol.35B, pp.471-486 (IF = 0.839) J86-c1. Bonadia P, Braulio MAL, Gallo JB, Pandolfelli VC: Refractory selection for long-distance

molten-aluminum delivery - AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY BULLETIN 85 (8): AUG 2006 – “Kaptay et al [A67] propose a model to describe inert liquid metal penetration into porous refractories… (total 33 lines + 4 equations + 1 figure describes the paper)” – p. 9303

J86-c2. Kocaefe D, Ergin G, Kocaefe Y: Determining the wettability of granular alumina by aluminum-magnesium alloys using the infiltration method – Surf Interface Anal, 2008, vol. 40, pp. 1516-1522.

J85. G.Kaptay: Discussion of “Thermodynamics of Liquid Al-Na Alloys Determined by Using CaF2 Solid Electrolyte” published by S.G.Hansen, J.K.Tuset and G.M.Haarberg in Met.Mat.Trans.B, 2002, vol. 33B, 577-587 - Metall. Mater. Trans., 2004, vol.35B, pp.393-398 (IF = 0.839) J85-c1. S.G.Hansen, K.Tang: Thermodynamics of the Al-Na binary alloy – SINTEF report

No.STF80MK A05211, 27th Feb, 2006 – “Kaptay [J85] claimed that the negative deviation from Henry’s law found by Hansen et al. was due to the reaction between Al vapour and NaF in the galvanic cell” – p.3. “This clearly indicates that the previous results are not reliable ..” – p.5.

J85-c2. S.G.Hansen: The solubility of sodium in liquid aluminium – SINTEF Memo of 27 Febr, 2006 - “Kaptay [J85] claimed that the negative deviation from Henry’s law found by Hansen et al. was due to the reaction between Al vapour and NaF in the galvanic cell” – p.3. “None of the results obtained conform the solubilities previously obtained by Hansen… ” – p.26.

J85-c3. X.Yang, A.Jha, S.Ali, R.C.Cochrane: Mass-transport processes at the steel-enamel interface – Metall Mater Trans B, 2006, vol.37B, pp.89-98 – “… the Marangoni convection, induced by an interfacial surface tension gradient [J85] may promote mass transport across the interface and thereby engances the rate of reactions” – p.89

J85-c4. Zhang SJ, HAN QY, Liu ZK: Thermodynamic modeling of the Al-Mg-Na system – J. Alloys and Compounds, 2006, vol.419, pp.91-97 – “The controversal work of Hansen et al. was

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criticized by Kaptay [J85]. According to thermodynamic calculation of of Kaptay there may be reactions between Al(g) and NaF(s). However, Hansen et al. stood by their results. …. Their (Hansen’s) results are not used in this work due to errors as discussed above” – p.92.

J85-c5. Zi-Kui Liu, S.Zhang, Q.Han, V.Sikka: The effect of impurities on the processing of aluminum alloys – Penn State, final report, September 2006. – “The controversial work of Hansen et al was criticized by Motzfeldt [] and by Kaptay [J85]. Kaptay considered the reactions between Al(g) and NaF(s) to exist in Hansen-s EMF experiments based on his thermodynamic calculations. But Hansen et al stood by their results” – p.17.

J84. G.Kaptay: Interfacial criteria for stabilization of liquid foams by solid particles – Colloids and Surfaces, A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2003 (OR 2004) vol.230, pp.67-80. (IF = 1.513) J84-c1. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer: Foamibility of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Melt –

Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 2003, vol.34, pp.1-8 – „Kaptay pointed out that wetting angle has to be in a certain range and particles stabilize the gas/liquid bubble interface. In the framework of a model, assuming single layer of particles between in the cell wall it was shown that the foam is stabilized only in the interval of’ the contact angles 10 – 90 degrees. However, when a presence of a double, or a ’double+’ layer of particles is assumed to be in the cell wall, this interval increases to 10 - 129 degrees, or 10 – 170 degrees, accordingly [J84]”

J84-c2. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 – “In the middle 90’s –thanks for H.P.Degischer, J.Banhart and G.Kaptay – science found a partnership with this challenging material {metallic foam} and some basic question like stability of metal foams {has been} clarified” – p.12, “ “…when a presence of a double, or a double+ layer of particles is assumed to be in the cell wall, this interval increases to 10-129 degrees, or 10-170 degrees, accordingly. Calculating the probability function of foam stability optimum values was found for contact angle = 75, 87 and 89 degrees in a single, double and double+ layers, respectively. No stabilizing effect can be seen below 30 % surface coverage of bubbles by particles [J84]” – p.34. , “Kaptay [J84] predicted that the foamibility of particle stabilized liquids strongly depends on the surface concentration of particles. This is the case {for this work} for foams blown by Nitrogen gas, where the foam surface coverage was found to be a segregated 40 % value (Fig.80 and Fig.81)” – p.81.

J84-c3. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart, D.Leitlmeier: Metal foams - manufacture and physics of foaming - in: Proc. of Int. Conf. „Advanced Metallic Materials”, ed. by J.Jerz, P.Sebo, M.Zemankova, IMMM, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 2003, pp. 7-15 – „Kaptay pointed out that the wetting angle has to be in a certain range and particles stabilize the gas/liquid-bubble interface [J84]” – p.9., „It is common believe that the composition of the particles determines the stabilizing effect through the contact angle with the melt [J84]”, p.12.

J84-c4. T.Wübben: Zur Stabilität flüssiger Metallschaume – Universität Bremen, Germany, 2003, 128 pp. - „In diesem Zusammenhang wird das schon erwähnte Stabilisierungsmodell von G.Kaptay ausführlich erläutert und kritisch diskutiert” – p.2, „In diesem Kontext hat Kaptay [J84] ein mechanistisches Modell entwickelt, das sowohl den Einfluss der Partikelkonzentration als auch des Kontaktwinkels auf die Stabilität von Metallshaumen beschreibt. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich in groSen Teilen mit der Untersuchung der Gültigkeit dieses Modells. Es soll daher folgenden im Detail erläutert werden” – p.30. „Mit Ausnahme von Kaptay in [J84] geben jedoch alle Autoren nur phänomenologische Erklärungen. Die in erstmals angedeutete Hypothese wurde unter Berücksichtigung der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gewonnenen experimentellen Ergebnisse weiterentwickelt, so daS es quantitative Aussagen über die Wirksamkeit von Partikeln in Metallschaumen möglich mach [J84]” – p.31. „Der optimale Kontaktwinkel ist gemaS [J84] der, bei dem der Ausdruck ...(3.17) ... sein Maximum erreicht.” – p.34, „Ein weitaus entscheidenderer Kritikpunkt speziell an den quantitativen Berechnungen in [J84] ist jedoch die Annahme, das eine über die gesamte Porenoberflauche gemittelte belegungsdichte f zur berechnungvon pimm,max herangezogen werden kann, selbst dann, wenn f deutlich kleiner als 1 ist” – p.38.

J84-c5. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer, H.J.Flankl: Particle stabilised liquid aluminium foams and the role of the oxide skin - in: “Cellular Metals: Manufacture, Properties, Application”, ed. by J.Banhart, N.A.Fleck, A.Mortensen, MIT Verlag, 2003, pp.101-106: “The particles can be characterized by … their wetting [J84]..”, p.101, “in Table 2:

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Differences and similarities in stabilization mechanism of liquid foam. Metallic foam: surface active agent (60-90o contact angle) [J84]” – p.105.

RJ84-c6. R.G.Alargova, D.S.Warhadpande, V.N.Paunov, O.D.Velev: Foam superstabilization by polymer microrods – Langmuir, 2004, vol.20, pp.10371-10374. (Ref. No.8). – “Data and theoretical conclusions in the literature point out that hydrophobic spherical particles may initiate foam destruction by rupturing the foam films via a bridging-dewetting mechanism [J84].” – p. 10371.

J84-c7. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer, J.Banhart: The role of oxidation in blowing particle-stabilized aluminium foams – Advanced Engineering Materials, 2004, vol.6, pp.421-428 – „The various factors influencing metallic foam stability ... the effect of particles ... wetting behavior [J84]” – p. 421, “Suitable particles (60-90o contact angle [J84]) …. are necessary for obtaining a stable liquid aluminium foam” – p.427.

J84-c8. V.Gergely, T.W.Clyne: Drainage in standing liquid metal foams: modelling and experimental observations - Acta materiala, 2004, vol.52, pp.3047-3058: „Interfacial criteria for stabilization of metallic foams by solid particles have recently been derived by Kaptay [J84]” – p.3053

J84-c9. B.S.Murray, R.Ettelaie: Foam stabilty: proteins and nanoparticles – Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 2004, vol.9, pp.314-320 – „Other criteria for stability of particle-stabilized bubbles were recently derived by Kaptay [J84]. The theoretical arguments presented in this work indicate the existence of a maximum size (about 3 μm for bubbles in water) above which particles are not effective in prevention of coalescence.” – p.317.

J84-c10. Brunke O, Odenbach S, Beckmann F: Structural characterization of aluminium foams by means micro computed tomography – in: DEVELOPMENTS IN X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY IV Book Series: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE), ed. by Bonse U, 2004, vol. 5535, pp. 453-463.

J84-c11. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart, D.Leitlmeier: Metal foam – manufacture and physics of foam – Materials World, e-journal, 2005, vol.6, No.1 – “Kaptay pointed out that the wetting angle has to be in a certain range and particles stabilize the gas/liquid-bubble interface [J84] – p.7,

J84-c12. C.Körner, M.Arnold, R.F.Singer: Metal foam stabilization by oxide network particles – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, vol.A396, pp.28-40.: “Further progress to explain foam stability was made by Kaptay [J84]. He uses a model of a 3D network of solid, spherical particles to explain force transfer between two interfaces and in this way stability” – p.28.; .

J84-c13. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, J.Banhart: metal foams – high temperature colloids. Part I. Ex situ analysis of metal foams – Colloids and Surfaces A, 2005, vol.261, pp.123- 130 – “Kaptay pointed out that the wetting angle has to be in a certain range and particles stabilize the gas/liquid-bubble interface [J84]” – p.125.

J84-c14. P.M.Kruglyakov, A.V.Nushtayeva: Investigation of the influence of capillary pressure on stability of a thin layer emulsion stabilized by solid particles – Colloids and Surfaces, A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2005, vol.263, pp.330-335 – “Calculation of interfacial pressure separating two bubbles (drops) by particles was given by Kaptay [J84] also, but this pressure is not equal to the capillary pressure and therefore the stability criteria of Kaptay displays an inconsistency” – p.330.

J84-c15. S-H.Park, Y-S.Um, C-H. Kum, B-Y. Hur: Thermophysical properties of Al and Mg alloys for metal foam fabrication - Colloids and Surfaces, A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2005, vol.263, pp.280-283 - “Of-course, in the actual foaming process, the appearance of the rheological characteristics are very much influenced from the existing of particles [J84]” – p.280

J84-c16. Th.Wübben, S.Odenbach: Stabilization of liquid metallic foams by solid particles – Colloids Surfaces A., 2005, vol.266, pp.207-213: “The stabilization model for liquid foams by solid particles is described in details in [J84]. We thus only give a short outline of the basics of this model” – p.207, “1 page of description twice mentioning “Kaptay model”” – p.208. “It should be pointed out that the model of Kaptay does not take into account drainage and flow effects. We therefore carried out experiments under reduced gravity conditions” – p.209., “According to the discussion above, we thus have to measure the surface of the pores rather than the size of the pores to have a quantitative test of the validity of the model proposed by Kaptay” – p.210., “To investigate the validity of the model proposed by Kaptay [J84] we carried out experiments with two different lead powders” – p.210., “According to the model of Kaptay, the total pore surface of a foam depend on the amount of particles present for film stabilization” – p.211, “5. Comparison with the stabilization model by Kaptay. To compare the obtained results with the model proposed by Kaptay we come back to the assumption that

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the solid particles originate from the broken oxide skins of the powder grains” – p.212, “The obtained results strongly support the validity of the model proposed by Kaptay [J84]” – p.213.

J84-c17. A.Irretier, J.Banhart: Lead and lead alloy foams – Acta Mater., 2005, vol.53, pp.4903-4917 – “A certain oxide content is necessary to ensure foam stability… It is well known that metal foams are stabilized by solid particles floating in the melt… Wübben could recently show [J84-c4] that the ratio between the total internal pore surface of a lead foam is proportional to the volume content of the entrained oxide and concluded that the oxides float on the foam films during foaming and create stabilization by a still disputed mechanism [J84]” – p. 4914

J84-c18. N.Babcsán, F.Garcia-Moreno, D.Leitlmeier, J.Banhart: Liquid-metal foams – feasible in-situ experiments under low gravity – Materials Science Forum, 2006, vol.508, pp.275-280: “Phenomena related with aqueous foam stability are detailedly discussed in the literature in large monographs, but only few publications relate to metal foams [J84]” – p.275

J84-c19. Kostakis T, Ettelaie R, Murray BS: Effect of high salt concentrations on the stabilization of bubbles by silica particles - LANGMUIR 22 (3): 1273-1280 JAN 31 2006 – “In addition, theoretical work from Kaptay [J84] postulated that solid particles can stabilize bubbles only when the bubbles are not larger than 3 and 30 μm” – p.1274

J84-20. Asavavisithchai S, Kennedy AR: The effect of Mg addition on the stability of Al-Al2O3 foams made by a powder metallurgy route - SCRIPTA MATERIALIA 54 (7): 1331-1334 APR 2006 – “it is generally considered that particles which show good wetting with the liquid will improve the stabiulity of the foam [J84]” – p.1331.

J84-21. Park SH, Song KH, Um YS, Hur BY: Rheological characterization of Mg-Al alloys with ceramic particles for metal foam – Mater Sci Forum, 2006, vol.510-511, pp.742-745. “no text given…”

J84-c22. Gonzenbach UT, Studart AR, Tervoort E, Gauckler LJ: Ultrastable particle-stabilized foams - ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION 45 (21): 3526-3530 2006 - “.. model investigations in the absence of surfactants performed [J84]” – p.3526.

J84-c23. Friberg SE: Weight fractions in three-phase emulsions with an L-alpha phase - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 282: 369-376 JUL 20 2006 – “Emulsions with solid particles as the third phase have been investigated for a long time and have, after a long period of only intermittent contributions, recently been the object of intense fundamental research [J84]” – p.369.

J84-c24. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart: Metal Foams – towards high-temperature colloid chemistry – Chapter 11 in: „Colloidal particles at Liquid Interfaces, ed. By B.P.Binks, T.S.Horozov, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.445-499 – „Using a static model of a 3-D network of solid spherical particles he (Kaptay) attempted to explain the force transfer between two interfaces of a foam and in this way the stability via a disjoining pressure [J84]. Various configurations of particles were considered in these models, of which three are shown in Fig.11.7. ((Fig.11.7 copied with permission of Elsevier)). The basic idea is that a partially wetted particle is pinned to a surface since it has its lowest energy when immersed into the liquid at a given depth....+ 10 lines description” – pp.461-462. “...It ias not evident from the images how mechanical forces can be transmitted from one side of a film to the other via particle networks as postulated, e.g. by Kaptay [J84], which would be required to create a disjoining force. There are two explanations for these difficulties. Firstly, the 2-D character of metallographic analysis could obscure the structure of the posztulated 3-D betworks. Secondly, it is not guaranteed that the arrangement of oarticles in solid foams is identical to that in liquid foams…” – p.489. „It is timely to give an interpretation in terms of models such as the LP2+C model by Kaptay (see Fig.11.7.c). Accordingly, the particles are pinned to each of the interfaces of a film by means of interfacial forces. This would explain micrographs such as Fig.11.a. However, it is not clear how the attractive interactions between the two interfaces are balanced. Kaptay postulates that mechanical forces are responsible for this counter pressure, the disjoining pressure, which in his model are transferred through locally densely packed layers of particles. Experimental evidence, however, does not support the existence of such bridges between the two surface layers.” – p.492. .. „Körner et al. assume that these meta-particles astabilise the cell walls by forming an LP1 layer in Kaptay-s notation. The idea sounds convincing, but is based on very few and mostly indirect observations” – p.493.

J84-c25. Shrestha LK, Acharya DP, Sharma SC, Aramaki K, Asaoka H, Ihara K, Tsunehiro T, Kunieda H: Aqueous foam stabilized by dispersed surfactant solid and lamellar liquid crystalline phase - JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE 301 (1): 274-281 SEP 1 2006 – Many reports on foam and emulsion stabilized by the small solid particles are available [J84].” – p.275, „The main factor responsible for the foam stability is the presence of colloidally

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dispersed particles int he continuous medium, which slow down the liquid drainage rate due to increased surface viscosity of the continuous phase [J84]…. Kaptay [J84] demonstrated enhanced stability in water based foam by silica particles smaller than 3 microns.” – p.280.

J84-c26. Shrestha LK, Aramaki K, Kato H, Takase Y, Kunieda H: Foaming properties of monoglycerol fatty acid esters in nonpolar oil systems - LANGMUIR 22 (20): 8337-8345 SEP 26 2006 - – „.. the stability of foams is influenced by particle size, concentration, hydrphobicity and nature of the surfactant used [J84].” – p.8338, „Kaptay [J84] demonstrated the enhanced stability in a water based foam by silica particles < 3 micron in size” – p.8344.

J84-c27. Haibel A, Rack A, Banhart J: Why are metal foams stable? - APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 89 (15): Art. No. 154102 OCT 9 2006 – „An idea which has recently become popular in metal foam literature assumes that opposing partciloe-covered L/G interfaces are mechanically connected by particle bridges across films (Fig.1.d [J84]) – p.1, „Our analysis shows that particles do not interact accross liquid metal films, e.g., there is no analog to the „disjoining pressure” known to stabilize aqueous foams as claimed by several researchers [J84].” – p.3.

J84-c28. J. Banhart: Metal foams: production and stability – Adv. Eng Mater., 2006, vol.8, pp.781-794 – “Kaptay analysed a number of possible particle arrangements in a film and evaluated their capability to stabilise films [J84]. Some are shown in Fig.8.. + ((17 describing lines + Fig.8))” - pp.785-786.

J84-c29. J.Banhart: Metal foams: the mystery of stabilisation – in: Porous Metals and Metal Foaming Technology, eds. H.Nakajima, N.Kanetake, the Japanese Inst. of Metals, 2006, pp.75-86 - “Kaptay analysed a number of possible particle arrangements in a film and evaluated their capability to stabilise films [J84]. Some are shown in Fig.8.. + ((17 describing lines + Fig.8))” - p.79.

J84-c30. C.Körner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Physical and Technological Principles – Habilitation Thesis, Erlangen, 2006 – “Kaptay was the first who realized that stabilization for these kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other [J84].” – p.108.

J84-c31. E.Dickinson: Interfacial particles in food emulsions and foams – in: Colloidal Particles at Liquid Interfaces, edited by B.P.Binks and T.S.Horozov, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.298-327 – The application of underlying principles [J84] to these systems is, however, still somewhat limited” – p. 321.

J84-c32. Kunieda H, Shrestha LK, Acharya DP, Kato H, Takase Y, Gutierrez JM: Super-stable nonaqueous foams in diglycerol fatty acid esters - Non polar oil systems - JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 28 (1): 133-142 JAN 2007 – „Recently, interest has been focused ont he foams stabilized by the solid particles whose presence may promote or inhibit foam stability [J84]” – p.134.

J84-c33. Shrestha LK, Saito E, Shrestha RG, Kato H, Takase Y, Aramaki K: Foam stabilized by dispersed surfactant solid and lamellar liquid crystal in aqueous systems of diglycerol fatty acid esters - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 293 (1-3): 262-271 FEB 1 2007 – “Many reports on foam and emulsion stabilized by the samll solid particles are available [J84].” – p.263, “Kaptay [J84] used silica particles smaller than 3 microns and demonstrated the enhanced stability in water-based foams” – p.270.

J84-c34. N.Babcsán, G.S. Vinod Kumar, B.S.Murty, J.Banhart: Grain refiners as liquid foam stabilizers – Trans. Indian Inst. Met., 2007, vol.60, pp.127-132. – „Kaptay derived a stability range of 60-90o [J84]” – p.127.

J84-c35. Yu SR, Liu J, Luo YR, Liu YH: Compressive behavior and damping property of ZA22/SiCp composite foams - MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING 457 (1-2): 325-328 MAY 25 2007 – “ .. ceramic particles … stabilized the cell walls [J84]” – p.325.

J84-c36. Shrestha LK, Shrestha RG, Solans C, Aramaki K: Effect of water on foaming properties of diglycerol fatty acid ester-oil systems - LANGMUIR 23 (13): 6918-6926 JUN 19 2007 – “The stability of such foams was influenced by the size of the particle, concentration, hydrophobicity, and nature of the surfactant used [J84]” – p.6918. “Several reports on the foams stabilized by particles having size of a few microns are reported [J84]” – p.6926

J84-c37. Pugh RJ: Foaming in chemical surfactant free aqueous dispersions of anatase (Titanium dioxide) particles - LANGMUIR 23 (15): 7972-7980 JUL 17 2007 – “An alternative mechanism has been suggested which is based on a change in capillary pressure caused by the presence of small adsorbed particles [J84]” – p.7978.

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J84-c38. Blute I, Pugh RJ, van de Pas J, Callaghan I: Silica nanoparticle sols 1. Surface chemical characterization and evaluation of the foam generation (foamability) - JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE 313 (2): 645-655 SEP 15 2007 – “It is also important to consider a recent alternative mechanism that has been suggested. It is based on a change in capillary pressure caused by the presence of adsorbed particles [J84]. – pp.651-652.

J84-c39. Somosvari BM, Babcsan N, Barczy P, Berthold A: PVC particles stabilized water-ethanol compound foams - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 309 (1-3): 240-245 NOV 1 2007 – “Kaptay [J84] postulates that the maximum particle size that can stabilize liquid films depends on the liquid properties. For water 3 micron and for liquid metals 30 micron were calculated. He also could derive theoretically, the optimum contact angles, measured by the researchers” – p.240.

J84-c40. Kim, HG Seong, BY Hur: Characteristics of Al fopam with high porosity by melt foaming method – Solid State Phenomena, 2007, vol.124-126, pp.1801-1804 – “In the melt formaing process that employs the addition of TiH2 in pure aluminium melt, pores generated leave individual hydrides and enter into the pure molten aluminium due partly to buoyancy forces and due partly to the thermodynamic instability of systems with enhanced liquid/gas interfaces [J84].” – p.1801.

J84-c41. Kadoi K, Nakae H: Effect of particle addition to liquid metal on fabrication of aluminum foam - HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES 26 (4): 275-283 2007 – “Some other models, similar to… were proposed… by Kaptay [J84], using an interfacial model” – p. 277.

J84-c42. Gokhale AA, Sahu SN, Kulkarni VKWR, Sudhakar B, Rao NR: Effect of titanium hydride powder characteristics and aluminium alloy composition on foaming - HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES 26 (4): 247-256 2007 – “The above results should be analyzed in light of the foam stability mechanism proposed by Kaptay [J84]. The mechanism …. {21 lines describing my paper + 1 equation}” – p.255.

J84-c43. Beckmann F, Grupp R, Haibel A, Huppmann M, Noethe M, Pyzalla A, Reimers W, Schreyer A, Zettler R: In-situ synchrotron X-ray microtomography studies of microstructure and damage evolution in engineering materials - ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS 9 (11): 939-950 NOV 2007

J84-c44. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „A másik csoportba sorolhatjuk azokat az anyagokat, amelyek létrehozásánál vagy csak a tömegcsökkentés, vagy valamilyen más különleges követelmény dominál. Ezek a porózus szerkezeti anyagok [J84]” – p.41.

J84-c45. U.T.Gozenbach, A.R.Studart, E.Tervoort, L.J.Gauckler: Tailoring the microstructure of particle-stabilized wet foams – Langmuir, 2007, vol.23, pp.1025-1032 – „These results suggest that the preparation of wet foams that are stable against bubble coarsening and drainage requires particle sizes not larger than a few micrometers in diameter. Theoretical calculations based ont he adsoroption energy of particles at gas – liquid interface and the maximum capillary pressure developed at the interface showed that particles larger than about 3 microns are not able to stabilize foams for long period of time [J84]. These results are in the same order of magnitude as our experimental findings” – p.1029.

J84-c46. H Luo, G Yao, YH Liu, XM Zhang: Study on evolution behaviours of bubble in aluminium melt - Aluminium alloys for transport, packaging, aerospace and other applications, 2007, pp.73-80.

J84-c47. Z.Cao, G Yao, Y Liu: Fabrication of carbon fibers reinforced aluminium foam – Aluminium alloys for transport, packaging, aerospace and other applications, 2007, pp.25-32

J84-c48. Kostakis T, Ettelaie R, Murray BS: Enhancement of stability of bubbles to disproportionation using hydrophilic silica particles mixed with surfactants or proteins – in: Food Colloids: Self-Assembly and Material Science, ed. by Dickinson E; Leser ME, Book Series: ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS, 2007, vol. 302, pp. 357-368. – „In addition, theoretical work by Kaptay [J84] postulated that solid particles can stabilize bubbles only when the particles are not larger than 3-30 microns” – p.358

J84-c49. Unterhaslberger G, Schmitt C, Shojaei-Rami S, Sanchez C: beta-lactoglobulin aggregates from heating with charged cosolutes: Formation, characterization and foaming – in: : Food Colloids: Self-Assembly and Material Science, ed. by Dickinson E; Leser ME, Book Series: ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY SPECIAL PUBLICATIONS, 2007, vol.302, pp. 177-194. – recently, the use of silica or latex particles with different surface properties and degree of hydrophobicity was demonstrated to stabilize interfacial films against disproportionation [J84]” – p.178.

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J84-c50. S.Zhang, Q.Lan, Q.Liu, J.Xu, D.Sun: Aqueous foams stabilized by Laponite and CTAB – Colloids Surfaces A, 2008, vol.317, pp.406-413 – “The hydrphobicity of particles is generally described by contact angle. It is an important parameter in determining … the foam stability [J84].” – p.408.

J84-c51. TN Hunter, RJ Pugh, GV Franks, GJ Jameson: The role of particles in stabilizing foams and emulsions – Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 2008, vol.137. pp.57-81 – “.. it is possible to calculate a theoretical maximum capillary pressure sustainable by a given system….Ivanov and co-workers were the first to consider such a system [ ], and models have been further developed by others including Nushtaeva & Kruglyakov [] and Kaptay [J84].” – p.62, “Kaptay looked at general forces governing stability in foams [J84]…. + 15 lines of description” – p.75, “Another factor in equating the dominating stability interaction from particle addition Is the effects of particle size. First considered in line with volume fraction by Jin et al [], and as revised by Kaptay [J84], there ares osme well grounded conclusions. + 4 lines” – p.78.

J84-c52. Ho PW, Li QF, Fuh JYH: Evaluation of W-Cu metal matrix composites produced by powder injection molding and liquid infiltration – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol. 485, pp. 657-663 – „The interfacial force acting upwards on spherical particle at a liquid/gas interface has been derived to be [J84]… (Eq.1). – see Fig.12” – p.661.

J84-c53. Cao ZK, Li B, Yao GC, Wang Y: Fabrication of aluminum foam stabilized by copper-coated carbon fibers – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.486, pp.350-356 – „Kaptay evaulated the capability of six different defined structures which can in principle stabilize liquid foams, and concluded that loosely packed, clusthered particles, or even their network are mainly responsible for the stabilization of liquid foams [J84]” – p.350.

J84-c54. S.Zhang, D.Sun, X.Dong, C.Li, J.Xu: Aqueous foams stabilized with particles and ionic surfactants – Coll Surf A, 2008, vol.324, pp.1-8 – „The stabilization mechanisms are mainly from three aspects: … and changes in capillary pressure caused by the presence of small adsorbed particles [J84]” – p.1, „.. the particles form a steric layer or coating network that strongly hinders both shrinkage and expansion of the bubbles. The three-dimensional network has been suggested in some work [J84]” – p.4

J84-c55. T.S. Horozov: Foams and foam films stabilised by solid particles - Curr Opinion in Colloid Interface Sci, 2008, vol.13, pp.134-140. – „Several recent works [J84, etc.] treat the problem of liquid film stability by solid particles theoretically, assuming either a bridging monolayer or a bilayer of hexagonally close-packed particles.” – p.137.

J84-c56. M.Vignes-Adler: New foams: fresh challenges and opportunities – Curr Opinion in Colloid Interface Sci, 2008, vol.13, pp.141-149. – „On the theoretical side, Kaptay derived criteria for stabilization of aqueous foams by solid particles based on the film pressure and the particle size for several geometrical arrangements of the particles inside of the foam films [J84].” – p.149.

J84-c57. S Ata: Coalescence of bubbles covered by particles – Langmuir, 2008, vol.24, pp.6085-6091. - „The mechanism of film stabilisation has been explained by the capillary pressure between bubbles, given by {equation}. The theory was first proposed by Ivanov and co-workers and developed further by others [J84]” – p.6086-6087. “Recently, Kaptay [J84] extended the maximum capillary theory for various particle layers at the air-water interface. The optimum value of the contact angle for foam stabilization was found to be in the interval between 50o and 90o. Interestingly, his calculation showed that, to stabilize the thin films, the particles should be smaller than 3 microns, which is contradictory to the previous studies” – p.6086.

J84-c58. Y.Luo, S.Yu, W.Li, J.Liu, M.Wei: Compressive behavior of SiC(p)/AlSi9Mg composite foams – J. Alloys Compds, 2008, vol.460, pp.294-298 – To stabilize the preparing process … ceramic particles were added into metallic foams to form metal matrix composite foams [J84]” – p.294.

J84-c59. S.Yu, Y.Luo, J.Liu: Effects of strain rate and SiC particle on the compressive property of SiC(p)/AlSi9Mg composite foams – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.487, pp.394-399 – “Recently, there is a high interest in using lightweight metallic foams for automotive, railway and aerospace industries for weight reduction and good mechanical and damping capacity [J84]” – p.394.

J84-c60. R.J.Davenport, R.L.Pickering, A.K.Goodhead, T.P.Curtis: A universal threshold concept for hydrophobic mycolata in activated sludge foaming – Water Research, 2008, vol.42, p.3446-3454. – It is accepted that solid particles with hydrophobic properties can lead to stable permanent foams called three-phase foams [J84]. – p.3446.

J84-c61. C.Körner: Foam formation mechanism in particle suspensions applied to metallic foams – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.227-235 – “Further progress to explain foam stability was

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made by Kaptay [J84] who uses a model of a three-dimensional network of solid, spherical particles to explain force transfer between two interfaces and in this way stability” – p.228.

J84-c62. A.J.Klinter, G. Mendoza-Suarez, R.A.L.Drew: Wetting of pure aluminum and selected alloys on polycrystalline alumina and sapphire – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.147-152. – “Recently, it has been found that the wetting behavior in metal-ceramic systems seems to play an important role in the production of aluminum foams [J84].” – p.147. “In theoretical models of Kaptay [J84], the stabilizing effect of these particles on the liquid aluminum foam is credited to capillary effects between the melt and the particles, preventing the two liquid gas interfaces of a foam cell wall from touching and the two adjacent cells from coalescence” – p.148.

J84-c63. A.J.Klinter, R.A.L.Drew: Evaluation of the wetting behaviour of Al-7Cu and Al-11.5Si on SiC and sapphire in terms of Al-foam stability. In: METFOAM-2007, ed. by L.P.Lefebre, J.Banhart, D.C.Dunand, DEStech Publ. Inc, 2008, pp.23-26. – „During the early stages of Al-foam rersearch, it was found that alumina or SiC particles are essential in order to obtain stable aluminium foams. Originally it was believed that the stabilizing effect of these ceramic particles have on Al-foams was caused by an increase in bulk viscosity of the Al melt due to ceramic particles additions. In a very theoreticla approach, KAPTAY [J84] later developed models suggesting that the improved foam stability was due to capillary effects between the melt and the particles, preventing the two liquid gas interfaces of a foam cell wall from touching, and the two adjacent cells from coalescencing.” – p.23.

J84-c64. K.Kadoi, N.Babcsán, H.Nakae, F.Garcia-Moreno, J.Banhart: Methodology for the in-situ obsrevation of Alporas foams using X-ray radioscopy. In: METFOAM-2007, ed. by L.P.Lefebre, J.Banhart, D.C.Dunand, DEStech Publ. Inc, 2008, pp.111-114. – „The final structure is influenced by the stability of liquid metal and the processing parameters [J84]” – p. 111.

J84-c65. A.Dudka, F.Garcia-Moreno, N.Wanderka, J.Banhart: Structure and distribution of oxides in aluminium foam – Acta Mater, 2008, vol.56, pp.3990-4001. – „Two theories are mainly considered: i) the increase of local viscosity to an extent that the flow of liquid is blocked, and ii). stabilization of films through oxide agglomerations or networks acting as surface active particles and inducing a particle-based stabilization mechanism similar to the one proposed for other foaming routes [J84]” – p.3990.

J84-c66. G.Morris, M.R.Pursell, S.J.Neethling, J.J.Cillers: The effect of particle hydrophobicity, separation distance and packing patterns ont he stability of a thin film – J Coll Interface Sci, 2008, vol.327, pp.138-144. – „Kaptay [J84] also investigated the effect of attached particles stabilizing a film and showed that if two layers of particles are attached to opposite sides of the film they can stabilise it at contact angle above 90 deg” – p. 139, “If there are two or more layers of particles layers of particles they can stabilize a film above a contact angle of 90 deg, as demonstrated by Kaptay [J84]” – p.139.

J84-c67. L.K.Shrestha, R.G.Shrestha, S.C.Sharma, K.Aramaki: Stabilization of nonaqueous foam with lamellar liquid crystal particles in diglycerol monolaurate/olive oil system – J Colloid Interface Sci, 2008, vol.328, pp.172-179 – “The stability of foams is influnced by the particle size, concentration, hydrophobicity and also by nature of the surfactants [J84].” – p.172, „In the case of particle-stabilized foaming systems, foam stability depends ont he tendency of the particles to adsorb at gas-liquid interface, its shape and size. Silica or polymer latex particles are known to stabilize aqueous foams [J84]” – p.178.

J84-c68. C.Koerner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Springer, 2008, 224 pp. – „ Kaptay [J84] was the first who realized, that stabilization for this kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other” – p. 100.

J84-c69. L.Pilon: Aluminum microfoams for reduced fuel consumption and pollutant emissions of transportation systems – University of California Energy Institute, Energy Development and Technology 013, Project Report, July 2008, Berkeley, 29 pp. – „Some oxide particles are formed and stzabilize the bubbles as observed with other types of the particles (Kaptay, 2003)” – p.21.

J84-c70. M.Y.Jung, K.Y.Lee, J.W.Moon: Properties of froth and foam ont he seawater and inorganic salt solution – Korean journal, 2008, vol.45, No.5, pp.474-483. „…. Kaptay 2003…” – p.476, 480

J84-c71. Konno Y., Naito N., Horie W., Aramaki K.: Phase Behavior and Froth Stability in a Water/Lysophospholipid System – J. Oleo Sci, 2009, vol. 58, No.4, pp. 195-201 – „The stability of froths was influenced by the size of the particle, concentration, hydrophobicity, and nature of surfactant used [J84]” – p.196.

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J84-c72. A.J.Klinter, C.A.Leon-Patino, R.A.L. Drew: The optimum contact angle range for metal foam stabilization: an experimental evaluation of theory – Abstract book of 6th HTC conference, 6-9 May, 2009, Athens, Greece, p.75 – „From the measured values, contact angle vs. Temperature curves were generated, some of which satisfy the contact angle requirement between liquid metal and ceramic particles for optimum metal foam stabilization proposed by Kaptay (70 to 86 degrees) [J84]. …. Comparing the experimentally observed liquid foam stability and the resulting foam morphology with the obtained contact angle vs. Temperature curves allows an evaluation of Kaptay’s theooretically derived requirements for optimum foam stabilization by ceramic particles [J84]” – p.75.

J84-c73. R.Surace, L.A.C.De Filippis, E.Niini, A.D.Ludovico, J.Orkas: Morphological investigation of foamed aluminum parts produced by melt gas injection – Adv Mater Sci Eng, 2009, doi:10.1155/2009/506024, 9 pp. – „The ceramic particles trap gas bubbles owing to the favourable interface energy and serve as stabilizer of the cell wals and delay their coalescence [J84]” – p.1.

J84-c74. R.Surace, S.Bruno, L.A.C.De Filippis, A.D.Ludovico: Multi-objective optimization of Al-foam manufacturing parameters – Int J Simul Modelling, 2009, vol.8, No.2, pp.81-89.

J84-c75. J.C.H. Wong, E.Tervoort, S.Busano, U.T. Gozenbach, A.R. Studart, P. Ermanni, L.J. Gauckler: Macroporous polymers from particle-stabilized foams - J Mater Chem, 2009, vol.19, pp. 5129-5133

J84-c76. A. Britan, M. Liverts, G. Ben-Dor: Drainage and attenuation capacity of particulate aqueous foams. In: Shock Waves (book), ed. by K.Hannemann and F. Seiler, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009, pp. 1395-1400, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-85181-3.

J84-c77. A.V. Byakova, A. I. Sirko, S. V. Gnyloskurenko, T. Nakamura: Aluminium foam formation from powder compacts with calcium carbonate: In situ experiments – PPT file, presented at Metfoam 2009 conference, September 1-4, 2009, Bratislava, Slovakia – „Model originally proposed by Kaptay”

J84-c78. A.V.Biakova, V.P.Krasovskii, A.O.Dudnik, S.V.Gniloskurenko, A.I.Sirko: O roli smachivaemosti I raspredeleniia tviordich chastic v stabilizacii vspenennich aliuminievich rasplavov – Adgeziia rasplavov I paika materialov, 2009, vip.42, pp.5-22. – „Fundamentalnimi teoreticheskimi issleovaniiami bilo pokazano [J84]….” – p.7. „razmer tviordich vlkuchenni ne dolzhen previshat 30 mikrometrov [J84]” – p.8. „resultati nastoiashego issledovaniia daiut osnovanie polagat, shto razlichiia v stabilnosti v karbonatnoi i gidridnoi peni mogut naiti svoio obiasnenie v ramkach modelnich predstavlenii [J84] + 25 strok” – p.16. „Fig.5. Schematic presentation of the cell wall structure of carbonate and hydride titan foams as compared with model configurations [J84]” – p.17.

J84-c79. D.Li, J.Li, X.Zhang, T.Sun, G.Yao: Wetting behaviour of Al alloys on a TiH2 substrate – J Alloys Comps, 2010, vol.489, pp.L1-L3. – „In theoretical models by Kaptay [J84], the stabilizing effects of these particles on the liquid aluminium foam is due to capillary effects between the melt and the particles and this prevents the two liquid gas interfaces in a foam cell wall from touching and the two adjacent cells from coalescing” – p.L1.

J84-c80. R.G.Screstha, L.K.Shrestha, C.Solans, C.Gonzalez, K.Aramaki: Nonaqueous foam with outstanding stability in diglycerol monomyristate/olive oil system – Coll Surf A, 2010, vol.353, pp.157-165 – “In case of particle stabilized foams, particle size, concentration, and its ability to adsorb at the interface (contact angle) plays a crucial role in the foam stability [J84]” – p.157.

J84-c81. S.Barg, C.Soltmann, A.Schwab, D.Koch, W.Schwieger, G.Grathwohl: Novel open cell aluminum foams and their use as reactive support for zeolite crystallization – J Porous Mater, 2011, vol.18, pp.89-98 – “Oxide particles withstand forces from one interface to the other in the cell walls, balancing the capillary effects and providing stability [J84] – p.95

J84-c82. A.J.Klinter, C.A.Leon-Patino, R.A.L.Drew: Wetting phenomena of Al-Cu alloys on sapphire below 800 C – Acta Mater, 2010, vol.58, pp.1350-1360 – „As the wetting behaviour of liquid metals on ceramics strongly influences various processes like .. the quality of metal foams [J84]” – p.1350.

J84-c83. B.M.Somosvári, P.Bárczy, P.Szirovicza, J.Szőke, T.Bárczy: Foam evolution and stability at elevated gravity leveles – Mater Sci Forum, 2010, vol.649, pp.391-397 –“This suspension can be considered as a simple, low-temperature analogue of metallic foams, because particle stabilization works in the case of these materials as well [J84]” – p.392.

J84-c84. E.Carey, C.Stubenrauch: Foaming properties of mixtures of a non-ionic (C12DMPO) and an ionic surfactant (C12TAB) – J Coll Interf Sci, 2010, vol.346, pp.414-423 – “Although the majority of studies deals with single surfactant systems, polymer-surfactant mixtures, alcohol-

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surfactant mixtures, solid particles [J84] and liquid crystals have also been investigated” – p.414

J84-c85. D.N.H.Tran, C.P.Whitby, D.Fornasiero, J.Ralston: Foamibility of aqueous suspensions of fine graphite and quartz particles with a triblock copolymer – J Coll Interface Sci, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.04.073. “Kaptay [J84] investigated the general forces governing stability in the froth. He found that particles could stabilize froths under different conditions in a range of contact angles between 20 and 90 degrees. Interestingly, this model predicts that particles above 3 microns would probably not be effective stabilizers, which are contradictory to the findings of Dippenaar et al, Johansson and Pugh and Aveyard et al. for example. This emphasizes that foam stability also depends on the particle size, as this governs the degree of penetration of the liquid films” – p.2.

J84-c86. G.Morris, S.J.Neethling, J.J.Cillers: The effects of hydrophobicity and orientation of cubic particles on the stability of thin films – Minerals Engineering, 2010, vol.23, pp.979-984 – “Kaptay [J84] found that, for a given particle spacing, the film stability increased as Theta decreased and that for a given Theta film stability decreased as as the particle separation increased” – p.979.

J84-c87. K.E.Cole, G.D.M.Morris, J.J.Cilliers: Froth touch samples viewed with scanning electron microscopy – Minerals Engineering, 2010, vol.23, pp.1018-1022 – “Kaptay (2004) derived a model for film stability determinded by interfacial forces between two neighboring bubbles. It was found that the optimum particle contact angle for film stability resided in the range 50 – 90 degrees for different monolayer and multiple layer structures. Multiple layesr of particles and particle clusters had a greater stabilizing influence on the film compared to particle monolayers, as the capillary pressure required to rupture the film was greater. Loosely packed particle arrangements were considered most likely to occur, with an optimum contact angle in the range 72 – 88.5 degrees depending on the ratio of the surface energy of the solid to the surface tension of the liquid.” – p.1019

J84-c88. YH Song, M.Tane, T.Ide, Y.Seimiya, B.Y.Hur, H.Nakajima: Fabrication of Al-3.7 pCt Si-0.18 pct Mg foam strengthened by AlN particle dispersion and its compressive properties – Metall Mater Trans A, 2010, vol.41A, pp.2104-2111 – “It is well known that particles in melt can stabilize foaming behavior by preventing the drainage effects that originate from the gravity of melt, buoyancy of pores, pressure difference between films, plateau border in melt, etc… [J84], where the film is a thin melt sheet between pores and the plateau border is a node of melt surrounded by some pores. In the prevention of drainage effect, the contact angle between the particle and the melt is the most important factor [J84]. It was reported that the optimum contact angle for the stabilization of foaming ranges fropm 70 to 86 degrees [J84]. … In adduition to Si segregation, the small clusters of AlN particles (Figure 6) possibly contribute to the stabilization of foaming behavior, because the small clusters consisting of wetting particles prevent the thinning of film caused by the drainage effect, by decreasing the pressure difference between films and plateau borders in the melt [J84]. … First, we focus on the change in wettability of AlN particles at high temperature, because the wettability of particles playes an important role in the stability of foaming behavior compared with the viscosity of melt [J84].” – p.2109.

J84-c89. G.Morris: The Effect of attached hydrophobic particles on the stability of thin films – Book of Abstracts of 9th UK Particle Technology Forum, Riccarton, Edinburgh, 25-26 June, 2008, pp.18-19. – Close packed spherical particles can stabilize a film up to a conrtact angle og 129 degrees [J84]” – p.19.

J84-c90. JCH Wong, E Tervoort, S.Busato, UT Gozenbach, AR Studart, P.Emanni, LJ Gauckler: Designing macroporous polymers from particle-stabilized foams – J Mater Chem, 2010, vol.20, No.27, pp.5628-5640.

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J84-c91. D.N.H.Tran, C.P.Whitby, D.Fornasiero, J.Ralston: Foamibility of aqueous suspensions of fine graphite and quartz particles with a trblock copolymer – J Coll Int Sci, 2010, vol.348, pp.460-468 – “Kaptay [J84] inverstigated the general forces governing stability in the froth. He found that particles could stabilise froths under different conditions in a range of contact angles between 20o and 90o. Interestingly, his model predicts that particles above 3 μm would probably not be effective stabilisers, which are contradictory to the findings of Dippenaar et al., Johansson and Pugh, Aveyard et al. for example. This emphasises that foam stability also depends on the particles size, as this governs the degree of penetration of the liquid films” – p.460.

J84-c92. L.Wang, G-C. Yao, H-J. Luo, L-S. Liang, Z-G.Zhang: Effect of addition of Mg powders on foaming behaviours of Al foams – The Chinese J of Nonferrous Metals, 2010, vol.20, No.7, pp.1339-1345.

J84-c93. X.N.Liu, Y.X.Li, X.Chen, Y.Kiu, X.L.Fan: Foam stability in gas injection foaming process – J Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45. pp.6481-6493. – „the particles enhance the foam cell wall’s capacity of resisting disturbance [J102]” – p.6482.

J84-c94. Zhu Y, Zhang SM, Chen JD, Hu CP: High Internal Phase Emulsions Prepared with Poly(urethane urea) Aqueous Nanodispersion at Different Temperatures – J Polymer Sci, A: Polymer Chem, 2010, vol.48, No.19, pp.4356-4360 – „It is accepted that the stability of particle stabilized emulsions is due to the coherent particle layer around the droplets, which acts as a steric (mechanical) barrier against coalescence” – p.4356

J84-с95. G.Morris, S.J.Neethling, J.J.Cilliers: A model for investigating the behaviour of non-spherical particles at interfaces – J Coll Interface Sci, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.10.039 – “Ali et al, Denkov et al, Kaptay [J84] and Morris et al agree that, for a given particle spacing, the film stability increases as the contact angle decreases whilst for a given contact angle, the film stability decreases as the particle separation increases” – p.3.

J84-c96. T.Delicato: Drenagem de espumas gas-liquido e influencia da presenca de particluas e anti-espumantes, Dissertacao, Ribeirao Preto, Spain, 2007 – „Estudos realizados por Kaptay [J84] demonstraram que particulas solidas podem estabiliyar espumas, dependendo do angulo de contato da particula com a interface do filme e esse angulo deve estar entre 20 deg e 90 deg para ter efeito estabilizante.” P. 41.

J84-c97. V.Kevorkijan, S.D.Skapin, I.Paulin, B.Sustarsic, M.Jenko: Synthesis and characterisation of closed cells aluminium foams containing dolomite powder as foaming agent – Mater Technol, 2010, vol.44, pp.363-371. – „The effect of various processing parameters (temperature, time, melt viscosity, surface tension, wetting behaviour etc..) on the foamility of aluminium alloys and stability of slurry of gas bubbles in molten metal has been also investigated” – p.363.

J84-c98. M.Pliego, C.Fuentes, GJ Guiterez, A.Medina, ME Aguilar: Multiples alturas de equuilibrio en capillares conicos – Rev Mexicana de Fisica, 2010, vol.56, pp.475-481. – „La penetración capilar de un líquido que moja, bien o mal, a las paredes de un tubo capilar vertical o, en al caso más general, a las diversas paredes de un espacio capilar, es un fenómeno muy común y de gran interés en áreas de estdio tan diversas como son la micro y nonofluídica, el mojado de medios porosos [J84], la creación de superficies hidrófilas o hidrófobas, la recuperación de petróleo, el transporte de líquidos en plantas, etc” – p. 475.

J84-c99. BM Somosvári, P.Bárczy, J.Szőke, P.Szirovicza, T.Bárczy: FOCUS: Foam evolution and stability in microgravity – Coll Surf A, doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.01.035. – „Fundamentals of foam formation and evolution are well understood, although many interesting questions emerge if we look around int he field of microfluidics, microbubbles, particle stabilization of foams, liquid layers, or the role of gravity [J84]” – p.1

J83. G.Kaptay: Equilibrium electrochemical synthesis diagrams of systems, forming homogenoeous alloys and compounds – JMM, 2003, vol.39B, No.1-2, pp.383-405 (IF = 0) J83-c1. A.Kostov, B.Friedrich, D.Zivkovic: Predicting thermodynamic properties in Ti-Al binary

system by FactSage – Comp.Mater. Sci., 2006, vol.37, pp.355-360 – „Also, there are some works on … equilibrium electrochemical synthesis diagrams of these binaries [J83].” – p.356.

J82. N.Borisenko, J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay: Electrochemical study of the electrodeposition and intercalation of sodium into graphite from sodium chloride, as

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first step of carbon nanotube formation – JMM, 2003, vol.39B, No.1-2, pp.369-382 (IF = 0) J82-c1. D.Fray: Electrochemical processing using molten salts - Proceedings of EUCHEM 2004

Molten Salts Conference, ed. by J.Kazmierczak and G.Zabinska-Olszak, Wroclaw, 2004, pp.47-57 “ Studies have shown that the alkali atom goes into the structure and forces out the graphite either as tubes or as graphite sheets that quickly coil to form nanotubes [J82].” – p.56.

J82-c2. S.Devyatkin: Electrochemical synthesis of carbon nanotubes in molten carbonates – Proc. of MS7, ed. by P.Taxil, C.Bessada, M.Cassir, M.Gaune-Escard, 2005, vol.1, pp.515-517 – “Molten lithium chloride electrolysis at current densities of over 2 A/cm2 yields carbon nanotubes tens of nanometer in diameter on the consumable graphite cathode [J82]” – p.515.

J82-c3. D.Fray: Electrochemical processing using slags, fluxes and salts – Proc. Of 7th Intern Conf on Molten Slags, Fluxes and Salts, The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 2004, pp. 7-12 “Studies have shown that it appears that the alkali atom goes into the structure and forces out the graphite, either as tubes or as graphite sheets that quickly coil to form nanotubes [J82].” – pp.11-12.

J82-c4. DJ Fray: Innovative electrochemical processing using molten salts – Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy, 2006, vol.115, No.1, pp.3-7. – Studies have shown that it appears that the alkali atom goes into the structure and forces out the graphite either as tubes or as grasphite sheets that quickly coil to form nanotubes [J82]” – p.7.

J82-c5. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „Kaptay and co-workers also investigated the electrolytic preparation method. Carbonaceous products were prepared by using various molten salt electrolytes and fundamental studies likewise suggested alkali metal intercalation into graphite as an essntial step of the process [J82]” – p.151

J81. M.S.Yaghmaee, Zs.Demeter, J.Sytchev, J.Lakatos, G.Kaptay: Some aspects of the electrochemical formation of carbon microtubes from molten chlorides – JMM, 2003, vol.39B, No.1-2, pp.343-352 (IF = 0) J81-c1. S.Volkov, I.Novoselova: Modern state of electrolytic synthesis of nanosized carbon materials

in molten salts – EUCHEM 2008 Conference on Molten Salts and Ionic Liquids, Book of Abstracts, p.161 – „At present day four ways and mechanisms of electrolytic synthesis of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) in molten salts are known: (1) intercalation of alakali metal (lithium, sodium, potassium) in graphite cathode in chloride melts [J81]” – p.161.

J81-c2. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „Kaptay and co-workers also investigated the electrolytic preparation method. Carbonaceous products were prepared by using various molten salt electrolytes [J81]” – p.151

J80. I.Lukovits, A.Gaovac, E.Kálmán, G.Kaptay, P.Nagy, S.Nikolic, J.Sytchev, N.Trinajstic – Nanotubes: Number of Kekulé Structures and Aromacity – J. Chem. Inf. Comput. Sci., 2003, vol.43, pp.609-614 (IF = 3.078) J80-c1. Randic M.: Aromaticity of polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons – Chemical Reviews, 2003,

vol.103, No.9, pp.3449-4605 – „Recently, Lukovits et al. [J80] reported on the number of Kekulé valence structures for benzenoid belts of different lengths and widths” – p.3594

J80-c2. M.V.Diudea: Stability of tubulens – Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2004, vol.6, pp.332-339 – „In this respect, Kekule structure count [J80] aimed at measuring the aromacity of polycyclic conjugated systems, could help in understanding and predicting the stability and chemical behavior of such molecules” – p.336.

J80-c3. K.Heberger: Chemometrics in Hungary (the last 10 years) – Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems, 2004, vol.72, pp.115-122. (Ref. No. 90). – „Today, he [Lukovits] performs calculations on the number of Kekule structures in nanotubes [J80]”- p.118.

J80-c4. D.Babic, DJ Klein, J von Knop, N.Trinajstic: Combinatorial enumeration in chemistry – in: Chemical Modelling: Applications and Theory, vol.3, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2004, pp.126-170. – „Lukovits et al [J80] have calculated the number of kekule structures of a

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special class of carbon nanotubes (CNT) with open ends which are also called tubulenes. …. „ – p.137.

J80-c5. F.Cai, H.Shao, C.Liu, Y.Jiang: An alternative strategy for count and storage of Kekule and longer range resonance valence bond structure – J. Chem. Inf. and Modelling, 2005, vol.45, p.371-378 -„There were also particular techniques developed to work on this problem [J80] which made it possible to enumerate Kekule valence structures for systems with hundreds of atoms, such as nanotubes” – p. 371.

J80-c6. B.Mandal: Use of symmetry plane and subsequent substraction for obtaining eigenspectra of some complicated graphs in analytical forms – J. Molec. Struct – Teochem – 2005, vol.757, pp.99-111 - „Graph theory has been applied to a wide variety of chemical properties that depend on atom connectivity in a molecule. Urrently it has been used in various fields of frontier research, such as construction of algorithm for computing resistance-distance matrix and its application to study cyclicity of 60 and 70 fullerene isomers, carbon nanostructure analysis [J80], ….” – p.99.

J80-c7. M.Randić, X.Guo, D.Plavšić, A.T. Balaban: On the Complexity of Fullerenes and Nanotubes – in: Complexity in Chemistry, Biology, and Ecology (book), Springer US, ed. by D.Bonchev, D.H. Rouvray, 2005, pp. 1-48, DOI: 10.1007/0-387-25871-X_1

J80-c8. Mandal B.: Some important formulae using the concept of graphical tree - CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS 417 (4-6): 395-400 JAN 10 2006 – „Graph theory … has been used .. to study the cyclicity of … carbon nanostructure analysis [J80]..” – p.395.

J80-c9. A.Milicevic, N.Trinajstic: Combinatorial Enumeration in Chemistry – Chemical Modelling: Applications and Theory, 2006, vol.4, pp.405-569 – „Lukovits .... generated the number Kekule structures of (1,1)n armchair-type carbon nanotubes using the following recurrence equation [J80]: ....” – p.433.

J80-c9. M.V.Diudea, C.L.Nagy: Aromacity of Nanostructures – Chapter 6 in: „Periodic Nanostructures”, Springer, 2007, pp.137-166 – „Attempts to predict the aromacity of nanotubes of nanotori have been done [J80] – p.139.

J80-c11. R.Ponec, S.Fias, P.Bultinck, I.Gutman, S.Stankovic: Benzoid szénhidrogének aromás és lokális aromás tulajdonságairól – Magyar Kémiai Folyóirat, 2008, 1145. évf., 4. szám, 177-182 – „Lukovits István az elméleti és matematikai kémia számos területén végzett kutatómunkát. Rövid, de igen eredményes tudomnényos karrierjének utolsó periódusában főként a policiklikus konjugált molekulák aromás tulajdonságaival foglalkozott, elsősorban nanocsövekkel [J80] és benzoid rendszerekkel kapcsolatban” – p.177.

J80-c12. R.Kutnar, D.Marusic, D.Vukicevic: On decomposition of leapfrog fullerenes – J Math Chem, 2009, vol.45, pp.406-416 – „One of the many open problems with regards to fullerenes concerns the number of Kekulé structuresd in a fullerene, the so called Kekulé number [J80]” – p.407.

J80-c13. S.M.Azami, R.Pooladi, M.H.Sheiki: Local sigma-pi mixing in C60 buckminterfullere – J. Molec. Struct., TEOCHEM, 2009, vol. 901, pp.153-156 – “The classical picture of resonance is usually applied to fullerene and similar nanoscturctures based on Kekule structures [J80]” – p. 153.

J79. G.Kaptay, G.Csicsovszki, M.S.Yaghmaee: An Absolute Scale for the Cohesion Energy of Pure Metals – Materials Science Forum, 2003, Vols. 414-415, pp.235-240 (IF = 0.602) J79-c1. G.L. Hornyak: Introduction to Nanoscience – Lecture 16 Energy at the Nanoscale IV -

Copyright: CRC Press 2009 – „Quite an elegant way to provide an absolute (not relative) thermodynamic derivation…”

J79-c2. XP Su, S. Yang, JH Wang, NY Tang, FC Yin, Z Li, MX Zhao: A New Equation for Temperature Dependent Solute Impurity Diffusivity in Liquid Metals – J. Phase Equil. Diffusion, 2010, vol. 31, pp. 333-340. – „It has been shown recently on the example of the surface tension that the cohesion energy correlates with the melting point of normal metals [J79]” – p.334.

J79-c3. F.Aqra, A.Ayyad: Surface energies of metals in both liquid and solid states – Appl Surf Sci, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2011.01.123. – “A plot of Eb(s) versus Eb(L) (the values taken from ref [J79]) for 55 metals shows a linear relation with a slope equal to 0.8837 (Fig.1)” – p.10. “Figure 1. Cohesion energy for 55 metals at 0 K versus that at melting point )data taken from ref [J79])” – p.32.

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J78. A.Roósz, J.Farkas, G.Kaptay: Thermodynamics-based semi-empirical description of the liquidus surface and partition coefficients in ternary Al-Mg-Si alloy - Materials Science Forum, 2003, Vols. 414-415., pp.323-328 (IF = 0.602) J78-c1. R.Zhang, L.Li, Z.Chen, Z.He, W.Jie: Calculation of phase equilibria based on the Levenberg-

Marquardt method – J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2005, vol.21, pp.10-12. – “The calculated values agree well with the experimental results [J78] + Fig.2.” p. 12.

J78-c2. He Z., Zhang R.J., Jie W.Q.: Phase equilibria calculation with Levenberg-Marquardt Method – Nonferrous Metals, 2006, vol.58, No.3, pp.51-53 – “Chinese text, reference in p. 52 and Fig.2. Our model data are compared with his model in Fig.2” – p. 52.

J78-c3. Raghavan V: Al-Mg-Si (Aluminum-Magnesium-Silicon) - JOURNAL OF PHASE EQUILIBRIA AND DIFFUSION 28 (2): 189-191 APR 2007 – „Other recent references on the phase equilibria of this system include [J78].” – p.190.

J77. Á.Borsik, K.K.Kelemen, G.Kaptay: A dynamic model of ceramic particle – solidification front interaction - Materials Science Forum, 2003, Vols. 414-415., pp.371-376 (IF = 0.602) J77-c1. Garvin JW, Yang Y, Udaykumar HS: Multiscale modeling of particle-solidification front

dynamics, Part I: Methodology - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 50 (15-16): 2952-2968 JUL 2007 – „Much of the work to date on particle – solidification front interaction relies on simplified analytical expressions for the drag and the repulsive intermolecular force [J77]” – p.2952, „Dynamic models that simulate the interaction and subsequent evolution o fan initially stationary particle being pushed approached by a front have been developed in recent work [J77]” – p.2953, „Previous steady-state as well as dynamic analyses of particle-front interactions have employed analytical / empirical models for the forces experienced by the particle [J77]” – p.2959.

J77-c2. Garvin JW, Yang Y, Udaykumar HS: Multiscale modeling of particle-solidification front dynamics. Part II: Pushing-engulfment transition - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 50 (15-16): 2969-2980 JUL 2007 – „The ratio of thermal conductivity of the particle to that of of the melt plays a major role in determining the solidification front shape [J77]” – p.2974.

J77-c3. J.W.Garwin, Y.Yang, H.S.Udaykumar: Multiscale modeling of particle-solidification front dynamics. Part III: Theoretical aspects and parametric study – Preprint AFRL-MN-EG-TP-2007-7414. – „particle-solidification front interactions are abundant in nature and industrial applications. Examples include microstuctural development in metal matrix composite manufacturing [J57]” – p.1, „There have been a few dynamic models [J77] of particle-solidification front interactions” – p.5.

J76. Z.Benkő M., G.Kaptay: A Virtual LD-steel-converter - Materials Science Forum, 2003, Vols. 414-415., pp.365-370 (IF = 0.602) J75. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: The Solubility of Nitrogen and Nitrides in Ternary Liquid Iron Alloys. The Limits of the ‘Solubility Product’ Concept - Materials Science Forum, 2003, Vols. 414-415., pp.491-496 (IF = 0.602) J75-c1. The Al-Fe-N system - Light Metal Ternary Systems: Phase Diagrams, Crystallographic and

Thermodynamic Data, Landolt-Borstein – Group IV Physical Chemistry, 2005, vol. 11A2. J74. G.Kaptay: Interfacial Criteria to Produce Metal Matrix Composites and Ceramic Particle Stabilized Metallic Foams - Materials Science Forum, 2003, Vols. 414-415, pp.419-424 (IF = 0.602)

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J74-c1. T.Matsushita, K.Mukai: Penetration behaviour of molten metal into porous oxides - Tetsu-to-Hagane, 2004, vol.90, pp.135 – 144 „something in Japanese” – p.138

J74-c2. O.N.Verezub: Technologicheskiie osobennosti sozdaniia kompozicionnogo regirovannogo sloia na rezhushei poverhnosti nizkolegirovannich stalnich instrumentov metodom lazernoi tviordotelnoi implantacii – in: „Rezanie i instrument v technologicheskich sistemach”, 2004, vol.66, pp.25-32

J74-c3. Janó V.: Study on the production of metal matrix compsites layer by layer melt injection technology – Mater Sci Forum, 2007, vols 537-538, pp.177-184.

J74-c4. S.E.Frieberg: Foams from Non-aqueous systems – Curr Opinion Coll Interface Sci, 2010, vol.15, pp.359-364 – “The vital difference from organic plastic foams is the extremely high surface free energy of metals resulting in surface and colloidal phenomena playing substantial role: an insight recently brought to light by the outstanding Hungarian metallurgist Kaptay [J74].” – p.360, “Metallic foams have a sizable surface free energy and the relation to stability has recently been shown amenable to analysis by Kaptay [J74] – p.360.

J73. Kaptay Gy., Verezub O., Zoltai L., Boross P., Kálazi Z., Verő B.: Fémolvadékok felületére lőtt mikroszkópikus szilárd szemcsék elmerülésének feltételei (Condition of Penetration of Microscopic Solid Particles Blown on the Surface of Liquid Metals – Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Tudományok, Miskolc, 2002, vol. 30., pp.5-22. (IF = 0) J72. H.B.Kushov, G.Kaptay, A.S.Uzdenova, M.K.Vinidzheva: Electrochemical Synthesis Diagrams of the Al-Gd, La-B, Gd-B and Al-La systems – Rasplavi, 2002, No.1, pp.44-48. (IF = 0) J71. G.Kaptay: Reduced Critical Solidification Front Velocity of Particle Engulfment due to an Interface Active Solute in the Liquid Metal – Metall. Mater. Trans., 2002, vol.33A, pp.1869-1873 (IF = 1.219) J71-c1. Bassani, B.Previtali, A.Tuissi, S.Arnaboldi, M.Vedani, G.Vimercati, G.Garagnani: Meccanismi

di solidificazione e proprieta di getti in compositi a matruice in lega di aluminio – XXXIV Convegno Nazionale, 14-17 Settembre 2005, Polytecnico Milano (Proceedings, 10 pages, No.8). – „Italiano...” – p.2.

J71-c2. Bassani, P; Previtali, B; Tuissi, A; Vedani, M; Vimercati, G; Arnaboldi, S: SOLIDIFICATION BEHAVIOUR AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF A360-SICp CAST COMPOSITES - Metallurgical Science and Technology. 2005, Vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 3-10. – „The solidification behaviour of particulate reinforced MMCs is strongly influenced by the interaction of the solid reinforcement phase with the solidification front… These possibilities significantly affect the degree of reinforcement distribution of the cast composite since, when the particles are rejected in the liquid phase, they will concentrate in the interdendritic regions of the structure, leading to harmful segregation effects [J71]” – p. 4.

J71-c3. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, H.Mavros: Solidification behaviour of ceramic particle reinforced Al-alloy matrices – J.Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.2165-2173 – „… the importance of other factors such as interfacial characteristics and crystallographic compatibility are adressed int he works of Kaptay [J71]…” – p.2165

J71-c4. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, T.Tsiligiannis, H.MAvros: Solidification observations of dendritic cast Al alloys reinforced with TiC particles – J Mater Eng Perform, 2010, vol.19, No.9, pp.1268-1275. – “The importance of other factors such as interfacial characteristics and crystallographic compatibility are addressed in the works of Kaptay [J71]” – p.1168.

J.70. S.V.Devyatkin, G.Kaptay: Physical, Chemical and Electrochemical Behaviour of Boron Oxide in Cryolite-Alumina Melts – Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2002, vol.75, No.4, pp.565-568 (in Russian: Zh. Prikladnoi Khimiii, 2002, vol.75., 579-582) (IF = 0.221) J70-c1. Simakov D, Vassiliev S, Tursunov P, Khasanova N, Ivanov V, Abakumov A, Alekseeva A,

Antipov E, Tsirlina G: Electrodeposition of TiB2 from cryolite-alumina melts - LIGHT METALS 2008, ed. by DeYoung DH, 2008, TMS, pp. 1019-1022. - „As it follows from

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literature [J70], complications can go with high volatility of boron fluoride compounds and from formation of passive insulating TiO film when titanium compounds in the melt are partly reduced” – p. 1020.

J69. A.Magyar, Z.Gácsi, L.Daróczi, G.Kaptay: Morphological investigation of the intermetallic phases in C/Al composite by image analysis – Image Anal. Stereol., 2001, vol.20, Suppl.1, pp.275-280 (IF = 0) J68. S.V.Devyatkin, O.I.Boiko, N.N.Uskova, G.Kaptay: Electrochemical Synthesis of Titanium Silicides from Molten Salts – Z. Naturforsch. A, 2001, vol. 56 a, pp.739-740 (IF = 0.746) J67. G.Kaptay: A Model for the Solid-Liquid Interfacial Energies of Pure Metals – Trans. JWRI (Joining and Welding Research Institute), 2001, vol. 30., Special Issue, pp. 245-250. (IF = 0) J67-c1. Rontó Viktória: A szekunder dendritágak durvulása háromalkotós alumínium ötvözetek

kristályosodása közben – PhD értekezés (tud. vez.: dr. Roósz András), Miskolc, 2001. szeptember – „σ értékét G.Kaptay [J67] szerint határoztam meg a szín alumíniumra meghatározott egyenlettel: {idézett egyenlet}” – 72. o.

J67-c2. Rontó V., Roósz A.: A dendritág durvulás numerikus szimulációja háromalkotós Al ötvözetek esetén – Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Tudományok, Miskolc, 2001, vol.29, pp.111-121. – „szigma értékét a tiszta Al-ra megadott Kaptay-féle egyenlettel számítottuk [J67]” – p.115.

J67-c2. V.Rontó, A.Roósz: Numerical Simulation of Dendrite Arm Coarsening in the Case of Ternary Liquid Al Alloys – Materials Science Forum, 2003, vols. 414-415, pp.483-490 – “The value of σ is calculated by the Kaptay equation given for the poor (sic!) Al [J67]: σ = 73.6 + 0.0862T (mJ/m2)” – p.485

J67-c3. V.M.Samsonov, O.A.Malkov: Thermodynamic model of crystallization and melting of small particles – Central Europ J of Physics, 2004, vol.2, No.1, pp.1895-1902 – „Generally, the available data on solid-liquid interfacial energies are contradictory and not quite reliable. The most accurate treatment of the problem in question seems to belong to G.Kaptay [J67]” – p.92.

J67-c4. Jones H: An evaluation of measurements of solid/liquid interfacial energies in metallic alloy systems by the groove profile method - METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE 38A (7): 1563-1569 JUL 2007 – “Kaptay calculated alpha = 0.34, 0.51, 0.58, 0.58, 0.59 and 0.59 for diamond cubic Si, cph Mg, fcc Cu, bcc Na and Fe and cph Zn and fcc Al, respectively, with their melts [J67]” – p,1565.

J67-c5. A.Fukuda, T.Yoshikawa, T.Tanaka: A fundamental approach for the measurement of solid-liquid interfacial energies – J Pys: Conf-ceries, 2009, vol.165, paper 012079, pp.1-4 – “The determined interfacial energy between solid copper and liquid Cu-B alloy was in good agreement with reported values between solid and liquid copper of 177 – 232 mN/m [J67]” – p.3.

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J66. G.Kaptay, E.Báder: Ion-dipole Adhesion Energy Model for Wettability of Oxide Ceramics by Non-reactive Liquid Metals – Trans. JWRI (Joining and Welding Research Institute), 2001, vol. 30., Special Issue, pp. 55-60. (IF = 0) J66-c1. T.Wübben: Zur Stabilität flüssiger Metallschaume – Universität Bremen, Germany, 2003, 128

pp. (ref. No.72) – “Da die Messung des Benetzungsverhaltens speziell bei Metallen wegen der hohem Temperaturen und erforderlichen hochreinen Umgebungsbedingungen aufwendig ist, beschäftigt sich eine reihe von Arbeiten mit der theoretischen Vorhersage von Kontaktwinkeln verschiedener Metall-Keramik-Materialpare [J66]. Für das System Bleioxid- Blei liegen bislang jedoch keine experimentellen Daten vor. So .. ΘPb/PbO = 120o [J66]… . Sie konnte mit freundlicher Unterst-Uzung der Arbeitsgruppe von Prof. Kaptay, Universität Miskolc, Ungarn, mit dem dortigen Great durchgeführt werden. Dabei handelt es sich um einen Ofen, in dem Metalle auf bis zu 1000 oC aufgeheizt werden können [J66]”– p. 50. „Die Messung des Winkels an fünf verschieden Bleitropfen ergab einen Wert von ΘPb/PbO = 132 ± 2o” – p.51.

J66-c2. Pázmán J.: „Nanokompozitok” tárgyleírás, PPT diagyűjtemény, 2010, Miskolci Egyetem. J65. E. Báder, L.Zoltai, M.Hördler, P.Arató, R.F.Singer, G.Kaptay: Wettability of Silicon Nitride Based Ceramic by Liquid Metals – Trans. JWRI (Joining and Welding Research Institute), 2001, vol. 30., Special Issue, pp. 137-141. (IF = 0) J65-c1. R.Klein, M.Desmaison-Brut, P.Ginet, A.Bellosi, J.Desmaison: Wettability of silicon nitride

ceramic composites by silver, copper and silver-copper titanium alloys – J.Eur. Ceram. Soc., 2005, vol.25, pp.1757-1763 (No.11). – “The equilibrium value (of the contact angle) between 110 and 130 deg probably corresponded to the Cu-Si3N4-Y2O3-Al2O3 system [J65]” – p.1760

J65-c2. M.Singh, R.Asthana, F.M.Varela, J.Martinez-Fernandez: Microstructural and mechanical evaluation of a Cu-based active braze alloy to join silicon nitride ceramics – J Eur Ceram Soc, 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.07.022 – “Contact angle measurements [J65] show that Ti-containing brazes rapidly wet the ceramic, and the most significant grains are achieved at small (2-10 %) amounts of Ti at which braze ductility is not impaired but there is sufficiently high Ti activity for reaction with Si3N4.” – p.3/8.

J64. G.Kaptay, K.K.Kelemen: An Interfacial Force Acting on a Spherical Particle in the Interfacial Energy Gradient – Trans. JWRI (Joining and Welding Research Institute), 2001, vol. 30., Special Issue, pp. 305-310. (IF = 0) J64-c1. O.Raychenko, A.Byakova, T.Nakamura, S.Gnyloskurenko: Thermocapillary phoresis of

inclusions with interphase surfactant – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.326-329. – Our purpose is to derive the steady state migration velocity of an inclusion under the above conditions (thermocapillary phoresis velocity). The onlt driving force exerted on the inclusion in this situation –the thermocapillary force- is expressed by the equation [J64]: {Equation + explanation is given}.” – pp.326-327.

J63. G.Kaptay, G.Csicsovszki, M.S.Yaghmaee: Estimation of the absolute values of cohesion energies of pure metals – Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), July 2001 (IF =0)

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J62. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: On the stability range of SiC in the liquid Al-Si-Mg system – Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), July, 2001. (IF = 0) J62-c1. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 –

“in Table 9. Calculated thermodynamic stability range of reaction between liquid Al and ceramics – 2nd row [J62]: Ceramic = SiC, Reaction product = Al4C3, Reaction stability range: below 7 at% Si content at the melting point, Remarks: increasing the temperature and adding extra Mg the reaction stability range increases by the model, good fit with the experiments” – p.25, “At high temperature the SiC also reacts with the Al melt producing Al4C3. This is the case by our experimental results (Table 18), which are predicted exactly by previous theoretical findings [J62]” – p.78.

J62-c2. B.Dikici, M.Gavgali, C.Tekmen: Corrosion Behavior of an Artificially Aged (T6) Al–Si–Mg-based Metal Matrix Composite - Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 40, No. 14, 1259-1269 (2006) – „.. the reaction products, such as Al4C3 that occured at the matrix-reinforcement interface also affect the corrosion behaviour of MMCs [J62]. Al4C3 has a detrimental effect on the corrosion resistance of Al-SiC composite because it is water reactive and thus increases the corrosion sensitivity of the composite [J62].

J62-c3. E.E.S. Moraes, M.L.A. Graça, C.A.A. Cairo: STUDY OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS WETTABILITY ON SiC PREFORM – Proc. Of 17º CBECIMat - Congresso Brasileiro de Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais, 15 a 19 de Novembro de 2006, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brasil., pp. 4217-4224. – „An addition of silicon is assigned for the infiltration, because affects the aluminium alloys fluidity positively, lowers the melting point and avoids the weak phase development. This reaction, if extensive, can be detrimental for the properties of the composites, decreases the resistance [J62], because forms a weak phase Al4C3 at the interface [J62]. However, a strong interface can be created to promote a metallurgical bonding between SiC and Al by the chemistry interdifusion and reaction“ – p.4218.

J62-c4. WM Khairaldien, AA Khalil, MR Bayoumi: Production of Al-SiC composites using powder metallurgy a temperatures above the Al melting point – J. Testing Evaluation, 2007, vol.35, No.6, pp.655-667. – „SiC is thermodynamically unstable at temperatures above the melting point of aluminium and reacts with the liquid aluminium to form aluminium carbide and silicon [J62]… This can be understood from the Al-Si-C phase diagram [J62]” – p.664.

J62-c5. M.Gavgali, B.Dikici, F.Bedir: Corrosion susceptibility of Al-Cu/TiC MMCs fabricated by conventional hot pressing – Indian J. Eng. Mater Sci, 2007, vol.14, pp.303-308 – In the unaging conditions several reasons can be stated fro fluctuation in potential values such as the size and volume fraction of TiC, voids at the TiC/Al interface, reactions between the Al alloy matrix and TiC particles, segregation of alloy elements to TiC/Al interface, high dislocation densities and residual stresses formed in the vicinity of TiC particles, because corrosion resistance of AMMCs may be greatly affected by these factors [J62]” – p.306.

J62-c6. B.Dikici, C.Tekmen, O.Yigit, M.Gavgali, U.Cocen: Detrimental effect of particle sol-gel coating on the corrosion behavior of A380-SiC composite – Corrosion Science, 2009, vol.51, pp.469-476 – “The main problems in Al/SiC interface during fabrication or remelting are the interfacial chemical reaction products, such as Al4C3, reinforcement degradation and the lack of wettability with the matrix. Al4C3 has important detrimental effects, such as reducing reinforcement/matrix interfacial strength and increasing the corrosive sensitivity of the composite [J62]” – p.469.

J62-c7. B.Dikici, F.Bedir, M.Gavgali: Al/TiC in-situ nano kompozitlerin sicak presleme yontemiyle uretilmesi – 5. Uluslararasi Ileri Teknolojiler Sempozyumu (IATS 09), 13-15 Mayis 2009, Karabuk, Turkiye, 5 pp, “Al4C3, in-situ kompozitlerin kullanilabilirgli ve mekanik ozellikleri uzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahiptir, oldukca gevrek (kirilgan) bir fazdir ve su ile reaktife olarak kompozitin korozyona karsi duyarli hale gelmesime neden olmaktadir [J62] - p.4.

J62-c8. Burak Dikici, Cagri Tekmen, Mehmet Gavgali, Umit Cocen: The Effect of Electroless Ni Coating of SiC Particles on the Corrosion Behavior of A356 Based Squeeze Cast Composite - Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2011, vol. 57, pp. 11-20 – „the corrosion susceptibility of the composite increases due to the presence of Al4C3 phase, which forms at the SiC/Al matrix interface [J62]” – p.11.

J62-c9. Z.Yaniv, I.Pavlovsky, N.Jiang, J.P.Novak, R.Fuink, M.Yang, D.Mao, S.Kim: Enhancing thermal properties of carbon aluminium composites – US patent 2011/0027603 A1, publ. Date: Feb. 3, 2011. – „The phase diagram of Fig.14 may be found in [J62]” – p.7.

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J61. G.Kaptay: On the possibility to produce MgB2 superconductive layer by electrochemical synthesis from molten salts – Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), July, 2001. (IF = 0) J61-c1. S.Kim, D.S.Stone, J-I.Cho, C-Y.Jeong, C-S. Kang, J-C. Bae: Phase stability determination of

the Mg-B binary system using the CALPHAD method and ab-initio calculations – J Alloys Compounds, 2009, vol.470, pp.85-89 – “The literature establish upper and lower bounds for the formation enthalpies [J61]” – p.87. “Fig.4. Calculated formation enthalpies of magnesium borides at 298.15 K, compared to experimental data in the literature [32]” – p.87.

J60. J.Miklósi, P.Póczik, I.Sytchev, K.Papp, G.Kaptay, P.Nagy, E.Kálmán: Atomic force microscopy investigation of electrochemically produced carbon nanotubes – Appl.Phys., 2001, vol. A72, pp. S189-S192. (IF = 1,722) J60-c1. G.Z.Chen, D.J.Fray: Recent development in electrolytic formation of carbon nanotubes in

molten salts – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.309-342 “While research in the electrolytic method is gathering forces around the world in the past few years [J60]” – p.311, “Kaptay and coworkers also investigated the electrolytic product by atomic force microscopy, revealing some interesting nano-structures [J60].” – p.313, “An interesting study of the electrolytic product by atomic force microscopy was jointly reported in 2001 by two Hungarian groups led by George Kaptay [J60]. In addition to findings similar to that from SEM of the product from the solidified salt, interestingly, tori of about 300-400 nanometers in diameter and 10-15 nm in height were observed on samples originated from the surface of the cathode, see Figure 8.” – pp.327-328.

J60-c2. I.A.Kinloch, G.Z.Chen, J.Howes, C.Boothroyd, C.Singh, D.J.Fray, A.H.Windle: Electrolytic, TEM and Raman studies on the production of carbon nanotubes in molten NaCl – Carbon, 2003, vol.41, pp.1127-1141 – “ Kaptay et al agrees with the initial intercalation stage but suggests that the fragments responsible for the nanotube formation are graphite sheets rather than MxCy particles [J60]” – p.1128.

J60-c3. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „Kaptay and co-workers also investigated the electrolytic preparation method. Carbonaceous products were prepared by using various molten salt electrolytes [J60]” – p.151

J59. G.Kaptay: Discussion of a „Microscale Simulation of Settler Processes in Copper Matte Smelting by K.O.Fagerlund, H.Jalkanen, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2000, vol.31B, pp.439-451” – Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2001, vol.32B, pp.555-557 (IF = 0,754) J59-c1. Xia JL, Ahokainen T, Kankaanpaa T, Jarvi J, Taskinen P: Flow and heat transfer performance

of slag and matte in the settler of a copper flash smelting furnace - STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 78 (2): 155-159 FEB 2007 “Recently, numerous studies have been carried out on the performance of flash smelting furnaces [J59]” – p.155.

J58. Á.Borsik, K.K.Kelemen, G.Kaptay: Dynamic simulation of the movement of ceramic particles in front of growing solidification front – Archives of Mechanical Technology and Automatization, 2001, vol.21, pp.19-28. (IF = 0) J57. G.Kaptay: Interfacial Criterion of Spontaneous and Forced Engulfment of Reinforcing Particles by an Advancing Solid/Liquid Interface – Metall. Mater. Trans. A., vol.32A, 2001, 993-1006. (IF = 1,273) J57-c1. L.Hadji: Thermal force induced by the presence of a particle near a solidifying interface –

Phys. Rev. E., 2001, vol.64, 051502/1-6 – “… Other studies have simply considered ad-hoc expressions for the drag force that also include the thermal conductivities of the particle and the melt. These approaches are incorrect because they yield expressions for the hydrodynamic drag force that depend on the thermal properties of the particles and thus make no sense

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physically. For instance, modified formulas for the drag force have been derived, which show that the force vanishes when the particle is perfectly insulating. We refer the reader to the recent papers by Kaptay [J57] and to references therein for a thorough discussion of results obtained using this approach. “ – p.5

J57-c2.Y.M.Youssef, R.W.Hamilton, R.J.Dashwood, P.D.Lee: Latent heat evolution from TiB2 particulate reinforced alloys – Materials Science Forum, 2002, vol.369, pp.259-264

J57-c3. L.Hadji: Particle engulfment in crystal growth: the thermal puzzle – Current Topics in Crystal Growth research, 2002, vol.6, pp.95-104

J57-c4. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 - “Contrary to aqueous systems solidification is overlapping the distribution of the particles in the liquid metal. The solid-liquid interface can push or engulf the particles modifying their original distribution in the liquid [J57]” – p.27

J57-c5. Z.Q.Wang, X.F.Liu, Y.H.Liu, Y.H.Zhang, L.N.Yu, X.F.Bian: Structural heredity of TiC and its influences on refinement behaviors of AlTiC master alloys – Trans. of Nonferrous metals Society of China, 2003, vol.13, No.4, pp.790-793. „It was reported that solidification parameters could influence the distribution of particles in Al melt [J57]” – p.792

J57-c6. Catalina AV, Stefanescu DM, Sen S: Numerical calculation of the morphology of a solid/liquid interface near an insoluble particle, in: MODELING OF CASTING, WELDING AND ADVANCED SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSES, ed. by: Stefanescu DM; Warren JA; Jolly MR; Krane MJM, 2003, pp.125-132

J57-c7. S.Mukherjee, D.M.Stefanescu: Liquid convection effects on the pushing-engulfment transition of insoluble particles by a solidifying interface: Part I. Analytical Calculation of the Lift Forces – Metall.Mater.Trans., 2004, vol.35A, pp.613-621 – „The full implication of the surface energy has been recently discussed by Kaptay [J57]” – p.614

J57-c8. Y.M.Youssef, R.J.Dashwood, P.D.Lee: Effect of clustering on particle pushing and solidification behavior in TiB2 reinforced aluminum PMMCs – Composites A, 2005, vol.36, pp.747-763 – „The contact angle value for Al/TiB2, the particle/vapor interfacial energy, and the liquid/vapor interfacial energy were taken from the literature [J57]” – pp760-761.

J57-c9. H.Ohta, H.Suito: Dispersion behaviour of MgO, ZrO2, Al2O3, CaO-Al2O3 and MnO-SiO2 deoxidation particles during solidification of Fe-10 mass% Ni alloy – ISIJ Int., 2006, vol.46, pp.22-28 – „Footnote to Table 2: my equation, coloumn 3 of Table 2 is calculated by this equation [ J57]” – p.27.

J57-c10. H.Ohta, H.Suito: Effect of sulfur abd oxygen on engulfment and pushing of deoxidation particles of ZrO2 and Al2O3 during solidification of Fe-10mass%Ni alloy – ISIJ Int., 2006, vol.46, pp.472-479 – „Table 1 and Fig.1 – calculation of solid metal / solid particle interfacial energy [J57]” – pp. 473-474.

J57-c11. Wang Y., Liu X.: SiC particulate reinforced aluminium matrix composites – the status and development trend – Research Studies on Foundry Equipment, 2003, No.3, pp.18-22 (ref. No.16) – „Chinese text, referring to my equation slclcs σσσσ −−⋅=Δ 2 [J57]” – p.20.

J57-c12. Schaffer PL, Miller DN, Dahle AK: Crystallography of engulfed and pushed TiB2 particles in aluminium - SCRIPTA MATERIALIA 57 (12): 1129-1132 DEC 2007 – “.. many models have been developed to explain the transition between engulfment and pushing [J57]” – p.1129, p. 1132.

J57-c13. J.He, J.Zhao, H.Li, X.Zhang, Q.Zhang: Directional solidification and microstructural refinement of immiscible alloys – Metall Mater Trans A, 2008, vol.39A, pp.1174-1182 – “There exists three interaction modes: repulsion, engulfment and entrapment [J57]” – p.1178.

J57-c14. J.W.Garwin, Y.Yang, H.S.Udaykumar: Multiscale modeling of particle-solidification front dynamics. Part III: Theoretical aspects and parametric study – Preprint AFRL-MN-EG-TP-2007-7414. – „particle-solidification front interactions are abundant in nature and industrial applications. Examples include microstuctural development in metal matrix composite manufacturing [J57]” – p.1

J57-c15. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, H.Mavros: Solidification behaviour of ceramic particle reinforced Al-alloy matrices – J.Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.2165-2173. – „… the importance of other factors such as interfacial characteristics and crystallographic compatibility are adressed in the works of Kaptay [J57]…” – p.2167

J57-c16. D.N.H.Tran, C.P.Whitby, D.Fornasiero, J.Ralston: Foamibility of aqueous suspensions of fine graphite and quartz particles with a trblock copolymer – J Coll Int Sci, 2010, vol.348, pp.460-468 – “Kaptay [J57] inverstigated the general forces governing stability in the froth. He found that particles could stabilise froths under different conditions in a range of contact angles between 20o and 90o. Interestingly, his model predicts that particles above 3 μm would

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probably not be effective stabilisers, which are contradictory to the findings of Dippenaar et al., Johansson and Pugh, Aveyard et al. for example. Th8is emphasises that foam stability also depends on the particles size, as this governs the degree of penetration of the liquid films” – p.460.

J57-c17. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, T.Tsiligiannis, H.MAvros: Solidification observations of dendritic cast Al alloys reinforced with TiC particles – J Mater Eng Perform, 2010, vol.19, No.9, pp. 1268-1275 – “The importance of other factors such as interfacial characteristics and crystallographic compatibility are addressed in the works of Kaptay [J57]” – p.1268.

J56. G.Kaptay, K.K.Kelemen: On the force acting on a sphere moving towards a solidification front due to an interfacial energy gradient at the sphere/liquid interface – ISIJ International, 2001., vol.41., pp.305-307. (IF = 0,980) J56-c1: K.Mukai, Z.Wang, W.Lin: Reply to the Paper named „The force acting on a sphere moving

towards a solidification front due to an interfacial energy gradient at the sphere/liquid interface” – ISIJ International, 2001, vol.41., pp.308-310 – “We appreciate Kaptay and Kelemen very much for their sincere concerning to our researches. We believe that this discussion is very helpful for further clarifying the mechanism of surface tension gradient influencing the behavior of particles” – p. 310, összesen 3 oldal válasz

J55. Hutkainé Göndör Zs., Gál J, Zambóné Benkő M., Szontagh E., Kaptay Gy.: Alumínium hegesztőpálcák kémiai fényesítése – Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Tudományok, 2000, vol.28., pp.5-16. (IF = 0) J54. Báder E., Kaptay Gy.: Határfelületi energiák vizsgálata volfrám-karbid/réz-ón rendszerekben – BKL Kohászat, 2000, 133. évf., 11. szám, 431-435. (IF = 0) J53. S.V.Devyatkin, G.Kaptay: Chemical and Electrochemical Behaviour of Titanium Diboride in Cryolite-Alumina Melt and in Molten Aluminum – Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2000, vol.154, pp.107-109. (IF = 1.527) J53-c1. C.Bessada, E.M.Anghel: 11B, 23Na, 27Al and 19F NMR study of solid and molten Na3AlF6-

Na2B4O7 – Inorganic Chemistry, 2003, vol.42., No.12, pp.3884-3890 – „Titanium diboride ... has many applications. These includes ... cathodes in Hall-Heroult cells for the electrolytic production of aluminium [J53]– p.3884.

J53-c2. J.Wachsmuth, R.Radhakrishnan, T.S.Sudarshan: Effect of pulsed current on reactively synthesized TiB2 consolidated by plasma pressure compaction – Powder Metallurgy, 2003, vol.46, pp.361-364 – „Although there are reports ont he potential of TiB2 to fill these application [J53], it is difficult to sinter TiB2 powders to full density’ – p.361.

J53-c3. D.A.Weirauch Jr., W.J.Krafcik, G.Ackart, P.D.Ownby: The wettability of titanium diboride by molten aluminum drops – J.Mater.Sci., 2005, vol.40, pp.2301-2306 – The results of subsequent studies differed widely with no convergence of contact angle data above the well known Al wetting onset temperature of 900-1000 oC [J53].” – p.2301

J53-c4. A.Changizi: Production and properties of in-situ aluminum titanium diboride composites formed by slag-metal reaction method – MSc Thesis, 2005, Middle East Technical University, Turkey – „Boron is deposited from a cryolite-alumina melt in a 3-electron irreversible charge transfer process [J53]” – p.41, „The solubility of Al in TiB2 is so low that it cannot be measured [J53]” – p.44.

J53-c5. Celikkan H, Ozturk MK, Aydin H, Aksu ML: Boriding titanium alloys at lower temperatures using electrochemical methods - THIN SOLID FILMS 515 (13): 5348-5352 MAY 7 2007 – „.. the boriding of Ti alloys are generally carried out at 1000 – 1200 oC [J53]” – p.5349.

J53-c6. J.Li, X.J. Lü, Y.Q. Lai, Q.Y. Li, Y.X. Liu: Research progress in TiB2 wettable cathode for aluminum reduction - JOM, August 2008, pp.32-37 – „Coatings were also deposited from the Na3AlF6 – Al4B2O9-TiO2 and Na3AlF6 – Al4B2O9-CaTiO3 systems on graphite, glassy carbon, nickel and tungsten cathodes [J53]” – p.34.

J53-c7. Simakov D, Vassiliev S, Tursunov P, Khasanova N, Ivanov V, Abakumov A, Alekseeva A, Antipov E, Tsirlina G: Electrodeposition of TiB2 from cryolite-alumina melts - LIGHT METALS 2008, ed. by DeYoung DH, 2008, TMS, pp. 1019-1022. – „Devyatkin et al. [J53] reported a principal possibility of titanium diboride electrodepostion on various metals from

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cryolite melt with addition of titanium and boron oxygen-containing compounds. This bath composition is already similar to alumina-cryolite melt, as some oxofluoride complexes surely appear.” – p. 1019. „As it follows from literature [J53], complications can go with high volatility of boron fluoride compounds and from formation of passive insulating TiO film when titanium compounds in the melt are partly reduced” – p. 1020.

J52. Z.Benkő M., Kaptay Gy.: Az LD-konverter anyagmérlege – BKL Kohászat, vol.133 (2000) 6-7, pp. 241-248. (IF = 0) J51. G.Kaptay: Further Discussion of „Particle Engulfment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis” – Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol.31A (2000), 1695 – 1700. (IF = 1,361) J51-c1: D.M.Stefanescu, A.Catalina, S.Sen, F.R.Juretzko, B.K.Dhindaw, P.A.Curreri: Authors’ Reply,

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol.31A (2000), 1700–1705. – „This communication is written in response to Kaptay’s criticism [J51]…” 5 oldal válasz.

J51-c2. L.Hadji: Thermal force induced by the presence of a particle near a solidifying interface – Phys. Rev. E., 2001, vol.64, 051502/1-6 – “… Other studies have simply considered ad-hoc expressions for the drag force that also include the thermal conductivities of the particle and the melt. These approaches are incorrect because they yield expressions for the hydrodynamic drag force that depend on the thermal properties of the particles and thus make no sense physically. For instance, modified formulas for the drag force have been derived, which show that the force vanishes when the particle is perfectly insulating. We refer the reader to the recent papers by Kaptay [J51] and to references therein for a thorough discussion of results obtained using this approach. “ – p.5 (Note: this is the first public recognition that my discussion papers were written on a matter to be discussed – moreover, this is coming from the same University where the original paper of Stefanescu was written)

J51-c3. L.Hadji: Particle engulfment in crystal growth: the thermal puzzle – Current Topics in Crystal Growth research, 2002, vol.6, pp.95-104.

J51-c4. J.W.Garvin, H.S.Udaykumar: Drag on a particle being pushed by a solidification front and its dependence on thermal conductivities - J. of Crystal Growth, 2004, vol.267, pp.724-737 “Still under debate [J51] is the issue of the proper form of the drag law when the solidification interface is no longer planar…”- p.727

J51-c5. DM Stefanescu: The multidisciplinary facets of particle engulfment and pushing – Trans Ind Inst. Metals, 2007, vol.60, No2-3, pp.79-86

J51-c6. D.M.Stefanescu: Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification, 2nd edition, Springer, NY, 2009, 395 pp. – „The main problem is the formulation and calculation of delta sigma. In spite of extensive efforts and sometimes bitter debate [J51], it is clear that because of the uncertainties int he evaulation of the various interfacial energies, deltasigma is at best a fitting parameter – p.289.

J50. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay, G.Jánosfy: Equilibria in the liquid ternary Fe-B-N system – Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), April, 2000. (IF = 0) J49. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay, G.Jánosfy: Equilibria in the Ternary Fe-Al-N System – Materials Science Forum, vols 329-330 (2000) 519-524. (IF = 0.597) J49-c1. G.Effenberg (editor): Landolt-Börstein - Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in

Scinece and Technology. New Series, Group IV: Physical Chemistry, Vol. 11A2. Ternary alloy systems. Phase diagrams, crystallographic and thermodynamic data. Subvolume A: Light Metal Systems. Part 2: Selected systems from Al-Cu-Fe to Al-Fe-Ti. Springer, 2005. The Al-Fe-N system: … These results were confirmed by the model of ideally associated mixture proposed by [J49]” – p.310

J48. G.Kaptay, E.Báder, L.Bolyán: Interfacial Forces and Energies Relevant to Production of Metal Matrix Composites – Materials Science Forum, vols. 329-330 (2000) 151-156. (IF = 0.597)

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J48-c1. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 – “Table 7. Surface tension of pure and alloyed Al and its additives, based on [J11] – {Table on σ and dσ/dT of liquid Al, Mg, Si, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Fe}” – p.23., “Table 10. Contact angle of pure Al melt / particle / gas interface [J48] {Table for TiB2, WC, TiC, BN, SiO2, SiC, graphite, Al2O3, TiN} – p.25, “Surface concentration of alloying elements doesn’t yield significant effects on surface tension in aluminum [J48]” – p.81.

J48-c2. T.Wübben: Zur Stabilität flüssiger Metallschaume – Universität Bremen, Germany, 2003, 128 pp. (ref. No.73) – „Aufgrund ihres Kontaktwinkels von ΘSiC/Al = 27 – 400 [J48] ...” – p.34

J48-c3. Blücher J., Dobránszky J.: Kompozithuzallal erősített alumínium duplakompozitszerkezetek – BKL Kohászat, 2003, vol.136, No.5, pp.213-217 – „A méretkorlátokhoz társul egy másik jelentős probléma is: az infiltrációs folyamatok nagy nyomásából és nagy hőmérsékletéből adódó hosszú expozíciós idő, amely alatt határfelületi reakciók mehetnek végbe az erősítőszálak és az olvasztott vagy megszilárdult, de még mindig nagy hőmérsékletű mátrix között [J48]” – p.213.

J48-c4. O.P.Uteza, E.G.Gamaly, A.V.Rode, M.Samoc, B.Luther-Davies: Gallium transformation under femtosecond laser excitation: Phase coexistence and incomplete melting - Physical Review, B 70, 054108 (2004) – “Transformation into the new phase would be energetically favored at the interface provided the surface tension between the liquid Ga and silica is lower than that between the silica and crystal-liquid gallium interface [J48]….the surface tension between the crystal and liquid Gallium is 720 dyne/cm [J48]” – p.10. .

J48-c5. J.T.Blucher, J.Dobranszky, U.Narusawa: Aluminium double composite structures reinforced with composite wires – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004, vol.A387-389, pp.867-872 – „..successful infiltration of carbon fibers without special surface treatments was sporadic. … Al2O3, SiO, TiN. TiB as well as Cu an Ni coatings all show promising results [J48]” – p.868.

J48-c6. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart, D.Leitlmeier: Metal foam – manufacture and physics of foam – Materials World, e-journal, 2005, vol.6, No.1 – “non-oxidized TiB2 contact angle is 0o [J48]” – p.12.

J48-c7. C.Körner, M.Arnold, R.F.Singer: Metal foam stabilization by oxide network particles – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, vol.A396, pp.28-40.: “The equilibrium contact angle between liquid aluminium and Al2O3 was determined as 63o at 1100 oC in [J48]” – p.34.

J48-c8. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, J.Banhart: Metal foams – high temperature colloids. Part I. Ex situ analysis of metal foams – Colloids and Surfaces A,2005, vol.261, pp.123- 130 – “TiB2 was chosen, as its contact angle is 98o at 900 oC in pure Al [..], although we are aware that non-oxidized TiB2 contact angle reported to be 0o as well [J48]” – p.127

J48-c9. A.Ender, H.van den Boom, H.Kwast, H-U. Lindenberg – Metallurgical development in steel-plant-internal multi-injection hot metal desulphurozation – Steel Research Int.,, 2005, vol.76, ppp.562-572 – „The basic principles for calculating or estimating adhesion energies and interfacial tensions are described by Kaptay [J48]” – p.570

J48-c10. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart: Metal Foams – towards high-temperature colloid chemistry – Chapter 11 in: „Colloidal particles at Liquid Interfaces, ed. By B.P.Binks, T.S.Horozov, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.445-499 – „At the melting point, typical surface tensions of oxide-free and oxidised Al melts are 1184 and 865 mNm-1 respectively [J48]” – p.462. „Some examples for the contact angle of pure Al melt / particle / gas systems at 1100 oC (no oxide layer on liquid Al, purified Ar atmosphere at 10-8 bar residual pressure) are summarized in Table 11.7. Table 11.7 taken from ref. [J48].” – p.468.

J48-c11. Kientzl I, Dobránszky J, Ginsztler J: Effect of Production Parameters on the Properties of Composite Wires - In: Papp É, Mácsay I, Holubetz L, (szerk.) Gépészet 2006 Proceedings of Fifth Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, National Technical Information Centre and Library, Budapest, 2006, CD-ROM – „The looked-at wires were Nextel 440, oval cross-section fibre-reinforced Al 99.99 matrix composites [J48]” – p.3.

J48-c12. I.Kientzl, I.Orbulov, J.Dobranszky, A.Németh: Mechanical behaviour Al-matrix composites wires in double composite structures – in: „Advanced Inorganic Fibrous Composites V”, 2006, ttp, Switzerland, pp. 147-152 – „The effect of insufficient wetting between the carbon fibres and aluminium was another cause of strength decreasing [J48]” – p. 152.

J48-c13. I.Kientzl, J.Dobránszky: Production and examination of double composites – Mater Sci Forum, 2007, vol.537-538, pp.191-197.

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J48-c14. Yaghmaee MS, Shokri B: Effect of size on bulk and surface cohesion energy of metallic nano-particles - SMART MATERIALS & STRUCTURES 16 (2): 349-354 APR 2007 – „Surface related factors have been taken from [J48].” – p.351.

J48-c15. N.Babcsán, G.S. Vinod Kumar, B.S.Murty, J.Banhart: Grain refiners as liquid foam stabilizers – Trans. Indian Inst. Met., 2007, vol.60, pp.127-132. – „Kaptay has reported the contact angle of TiB2 and TiC with Al in vacuum at 1100 oC as 0 and 100, respectively [J48]. Though the conditions of foaming in the present study are different from the above conditions, one can get a rough idea of the wettability of the two particles from the above report.” – p.130.

J48-c16. M.S. Yaghmaee, B. Shokri: Surface binding stability of metallic nanoparticles – Plasma Process Polym, 2007, vol.4, pp.5891-5896 – „The fundamental bulk thermodynamic parameters, surface related factors and other data have been taken from Barin handbook and Kaptay et al [J48] respectively” – p.5894.

J48-c17. ZF XU, H YU, ZT WANG, YH ZHENG, MZ HU, CC CAI, QS YAN: The properties thermal expansion and process of high volume fractions SiCp/Mg composites by vacuum-gas pressure infiltration - JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS , 2007, VOL.38, NO.10, PP.1610-1617 (NO.5) – „CHINESE TEXT…” – P.1610.

J48-c18. JH An: Thermal stress induced voids in nanoscale Cu interconnects by in-situ TEM heating – PhD Dissertation, University of texas at Austin, December 2007 – „Table 5.1. Energy values for calculating change in free energy for void formation, SiNx surface energy [J48]” – p.155.

J48-c19. N.Babcsán, B.S.Murty, G.S.Vinod Kumar, F.Garcia Moreno, J.Banhart: New foam stabilizing additive for aluminium. In: METFOAM-2007, ed. by L.P.Lefebre, J.Banhart, D.C.Dunand, DEStech Publ. Inc, 2008, pp.27-30. – „Data on the wettability of TiAl3 by Al is not available, while Kaptay [J48] has reported the contact angle of TiB2 and TiC with Al in vacuum at 1100 oC as 0 and 10 degrees, respectively.” – p.29.

J48-c20. Zoltai László (+Dúl Jenő): Grafitcsírák keletkezési lehetőségének elméleti vizsglata – 3. kutatószemináriumi dolgozat, Miskolci Egyetem, 2009. február, 48 oldal – „Az irodalmi érték: σSiC-g = 2040 – 0.1T mJ/,2 [J48]” – 30.o.

J48-c21. A.V.Biakova, V.P.Krasovskii, A.O.Dudnik, S.V.Gniloskurenko, A.I.Sirko: O roli smachivaemosti I raspredeleniia tviordich chastic v stabilizacii vspenennich aliuminievich rasplavov – Adgeziia rasplavov I paika materialov, 2009, vip.42, pp.5-22. – “Bolshinstvo opublikovannich v literaturedannich po poverhnostnomu natiazheniu binarnich I mnogokomponentnich aliuminievich rasplavov otnositsia k oblasti temperature, namnogo previshaiushich temperature vspenivaniia [J48]” – p.8.

J48-c22. B.A:Cook, A.M.Russell, J.Peters, J.L.Harringa: Estimation of surface energy and bonding between AlMgB14 and TiB2 – J Phys Chem Sol, 2010, vol.71, pp.824-826 – „In order to compare this with available publishe values for surface eneryg of TiB2, ZrB2 and HfB2 at 1300 K [J48], the T-dependence must be factored in…. Eq.(3), as derived from Kaptay [J48]…. + 10 lines” – p.3/3. “Fig.3. Estimated temperature dependence of average surface energy in single phase AlMgB14. reference values from Kaptay [J48]” – p.826

J48-c23. A.Chamaani, E.Marzbanrad, ?.R.Rahimipour, MS Yaghmaee, A.Aghaei, R.D.Kamachali, Y.Benhamian: Thermodynamics and molecular dynamic investigation of a possible new critical size for surface and inner cohesive energy of Al nanoparticles – J Nanopart Res, doi: 10.1007/s11051-011-0258-6 – „For an implicit analysis of the fundamental bulk thermodynamic parameters, surface-related factors and other data have been taken from the Barin handbook and Kaptay et al. [J48]” -

J47. Kaptay: Interfacial Criteria to Avoid Pushing of Particles during Solidification of Metal Matrix Composites – Materials Science Forum, vols 329-330 (2000) 121-126. (IF = 0.597) J47-c1. J.T.Blucher, J.Dobranszky, U.Narusawa: Aluminium double composite structures reinforced

with composite wires – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004, vol.A387-389, pp.867-872 – „..successful infiltration of carbon fibers without special surface treatments was sporadic. … Al2O3, SiO, TiN. TiB as well as Cu an Ni coatings all show promising results [J47]” – p.868.

J46. G.Kaptay, S.A.Kuznetsov: Electrochemical synthesis of refractory borides from molten salts – Review paper – Plasmas & Ions, 2 (1999) 45-56. (IF = 0)

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J46-c1. H.B.Kushov, A.S.Uzdenova, M.K.Vindizheva, A.V.Zimin: Study of joint electroreduction of complex gadolinium (or lanthanum) ions with tetrafluoroborate-ions in halide melts – Advances in Molten Salts, 2000., vol.1., pp. 291-297 …”Borides of rare earth metals have been synthesized in this way in works of Andrieux […] (see also review [J46])…” - p. 291, „…It should be mentioned that there is no information on the electrosynthesis of GdB6 and GdB4 phases in the literature [J46].” – p.295.

J46-c2. S.V. Devyatkin: Influence of different conditions of electrochemical synthesis on the structure of the deposited refractory compound coatings, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The results of Baraboshkin [..] obtained mainly for single metallic deposits, were extrapolated to refractory boride phases in [OJ36]” - p.1, “..This is characteristic to electrochemical synthesis of tantalum diboride. In this case the layered type of coating structure has been obtained (see Fig. 3) […]. The formation of this structure has been theoretically explained [J46] using the Equilibrium Electrochemical Synthesis (EES) Diagrams […]” – p. 3.

J46-c3. J. Sytchev, H. Kushkhov: Voltammetric Investigation of the Reduction Processes of Nickel, Cobalt, and Iron Ions in Chloride and Chloro-Fluoride Melts, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “High-temperature electrochemical synthesis from molten salts is a very perspective way to produce compounds of high purity, including borides [J46]”, p.1.

J46-c4. L.P.Polyakova, E.G.Polyakov, O.V.Makarova, A.A.Shevirev, N.I.Bierrum: Elektrochimicheskii sintez boridov tantala v beskislorodnich i kislorodcoderzhashich ftoridnich rasplavach – Elektrokhimiia, 2001, vol. 37., pp.1451-1457: „V etoi sviazi strannoui vigliadit poziciia avtorov raboti [J46], schitaiushich, shto nabliudaiemaia struktura sostoit iz chereduiushichsia sloiev TaB i TaB2…” – 1454

J46-c5. Kh.B.Khushkhov, M.K.Vinidzheva, A.S.Uzdenova, Z.A.Zhanikaeva: Joint electroreduction of lanthanum, gadolinium and boron in halide melts – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.275-280 – “Single borides of rare-earth metals were synthesized in the works of Andrieux [..] (see also review[J46])” – p.278.

J46-c6. P.Taxil, P.Chamelot, L.Massot, C.Hamel: Electrodeposition of alloys or compounds in molten salts and applications – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.177-200 – „Kaptay and Kuznetsov used equations similar to Eq.7 to calculate equilibrium potentials of the boride systems in molten salts [J46]. Thermodynamic data allow these authors to elaborate so-called Electrochemical Equilibrium Synthesis (EES) diagrams where the stability of the compounds of the system B/Me is defined as a function of temperature and the depolarization term which is the second term of Eq.(5); hence these diagrams display the stability of each compound of systems such as Ti/B in areas delimited by boundary lines given by Eq.5 computed in the temperature scale adapted to the process of preparing these alloys” – p.183.

J46-c7. H.B.Kushkhov, M.K.Vinizheva, A.S.Uzdenova, Z.A.Zhanikaeva: Joint electroreduction of lanthanum, gadolinium and boron in chloride melts – Electrochemical Society Proceedings vol.2002-19, pp.616-621 – “Rare earth metal borides were first synthesized by Andrieux (see also review [J46])” – p.618

J46-c8. J.H. von Barner, P.Noye, A.Barhoun, F.Lantelme: Influence of oxide and alloy formation on the electrochemistry of Ti deposition from the NaCl-KCl-NaF-K2TiF6 melt, reduced by metallic Ti – J.Electrochem.Soc., 2005, vol.152, pp. C20-C26. “Kaptay and Kuznetsov [J46] give references to most of the work done so far on TiB2 deposition from molten salts in a recent review.” – p.C20.

J46-c9. V.V.Malishev: Visokotemperaturnii elektrochmnicheskii sintez metallo-podobnich tugoplavkich soedinenii metallov IV – VIA grupp v ionnich rasplavach – Zh. Neorg. Himii, 2004, vol.48, pp.187-194 – “V obzore [OJ36] sistematizirovai raboti po elektrochmicheskomu sintezu boridov tugoplavkich metallov, opisani metodi beztokovogo I elektrochmicheskogo borirovaniia. S pomoshiu ravnovesnich elektrochmicheskich diagram sinteza avtori [J46] ocenivaiut veroiatnost VES boridov 24 perehodnich metallovi predskazivaiut ich vozmozhnuiu morfologiu” – p.190.

J46-c10. V.V.Malyshev: Zashitnie pokritiia tugoplavkimi soedineniiami metallov IV-VIA grupp, nanosimie iz ionnich rasplavov (obzor) – Zashita metallov, 2004, vol.40, pp.584-600 - „pervie popitki sozdat i obobshit material predpriniati poka lish v statiach V.I.Shapovala i posledovatelei [J46]” – p.584

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J46-11. V.V.Malyshev, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis in ionic melts by the onset of XXI century – Russ J. of General Chem., 2004., vol.74, pp.1139-1146 (Zh. Obshei Himii, 2004, vol.74, pp.1233-1240) – „Using „equilibrium electrochemical synthesis diagrams”, Kaptay et al [J46] assessed the probability of high-temperature electrochemical synthesis of borides of 24 transition metals and predicted their possible morphology” – p.1142.

J46-c12. J.Li, B.Li, Z.Dong: Electrodeposition of [001] oriented TiB2 coatings – Materials Letters, 2005, vol.59, pp.3234-3237 – “As compared with other possible techniques of production of refractory borides, molten salts generally can be considered as a very promising medium for chemical and electrochemical synthesis of different refractory borides [J46]” – p.3234

J46-c13. Li Jun, Li Bing, Dong Zheng’e: Preparation of the TiB2 coatings by electroplating in moloten salts – Rare Metals, 2005, vol.24, pp.261-266 - – “Molten salts generally can be considered as a very promising medium for chemical and electrochemical synthesis of different refractory borides. as compared with other possible techniques of production of refractory borides, [J46]” – p.261

J46-c14. Li B, Jiang LS, Li J: Pulse electrodeposition of titanium diboride in LiF-NaF-KF melts, JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS 23: 66-71 Sp. Iss. SI, OCT 2005 – „Electrochemical synthesis has some advantages as compared with other possible techniques of production of refractory borides [J46]: i. smooth coatings can be deposited even at surfaces of complicated geometry, ii. Single crystals, polycrystalline coatings and even ultradisperse powders can be deposited, iii. the composition of the deposit can be precisely controlled through process parameters, iv. relatively low temperatures of synthesis, cheap and simple technological background and cheap raw materials required make the process attractive from the economic point of view” – p.66.

J46-c15. Gaune-Escard M: Thermodynamics of lanthanide halides and application to high-temperature processes - SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF METALLURGY 34 (6): 369-375 DEC 2005 - “Electrochemical synthesis in molten salts was shown to be a promising method for rare earth compounds production. It is very suitable for electrodeposition of protective coating on massive samples of complex shapes [J46].” – p.373.

J46-c16. Kartal G, Timur S, Arslan C: Effects of process current density and temperature on electrochemical boriding of steel in molten salts - JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS 34 (12): 1538-1542 DEC 2005 – “Although electrochemical boriding has been studied since the 1940-s, limited research exists in English language literature [J46]. Nevertheless, electrochemical boriding produces thicker coating in shorter times as compared to the thermochemical birodong techniques” – p.1538.

J46-c17. L.Jiang, B.Li, J.Li: Electrodeposition of titanium diboride coating from molten salts containing oxide electrolyte – Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2005, vol.29:22, No.4, pp.162-166 – Chinese text….

J46-c18. Li J, Li B, Jiang LS, Dong Z, Ye YF: Preparation of highly preferred orientation TiB2 coatings - RARE METALS 25 (2): 111-117 APR 2006 – … electrochemical synthesis of refractory borides from molten salts has the following advantages [J46]: …” – p.111.

J46-c19. Li J, Li B, Jiang LS, Ye YF, Dong ZE: Preparation of TiB2 coatings by electroplating in KF-KCl molten salt - RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING 35 (4): 629-633 APR 2006 – “Molten salts generally can be considered as a very promising medium for chemical and electrochemical synthesis of different refractory borides, as compared with other possible techniques of production of refractory borides [J46]” – p.629.

J46-c20. Li J, Li B: Preparation and characterization of highly preferred orientation TiB2 coatings - RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING 35 (5): 832-835 MAY 2006 – Chinese text??

J46-c21. Jun Li, Bing Li: Preparation of the TiB2 coatings by electroplating in molten salts - MATERIALS LETTERS 61 (6): 1274-1278 MAR 2007 – „As compared with other possible techniques of production of refractory borides, electrochemical synthesis from molten salts generally can be considered as a very promising technique for refractory borides [J46]” – p. 1274.

J46-c22. Li J, Li B: Electrochemical reduction and electrocrystallization process of B(III) in the LiF-NaF-KF-KBF4 molten salt - RARE METALS 26 (1): 74-78, FEB 2007 – „Molten salts can be generally considered as a promising medium for the chemica land electrochemical synthesis of TiB2, as compared with other possible techniques for the production of refractory borides [J46]”- p.74.

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J46-c23. Celikkan H, Ozturk MK, Aydin H, Aksu ML: Boriding titanium alloys at lower temperatures using electrochemical methods - THIN SOLID FILMS 515 (13): 5348-5352 MAY 7 2007 – „Kaptay et al. have explained the electrochemical boriding process in detail [J46].” – p.5348.

J46-c24. Devyatkin SV: Electrochemical synthesis of binary and ternary refractory compounds in the system Ti-Si-B from chloride-fluoride melts - ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION A-A JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES 62 (9): 524-528 SEP 2007 –„Kaptay and Kuznetsov have reviewed the published papers on electrochemical synthesis of titanium diboride in molten salts [J46]” – p.524.

J46-c25. Y Ban, Z Wang, Z Shi, H Kan, S Yang, X Cao, Z Qiu: Preparation of TiB2 inert cathode on graphite by electrodeposition process for aluminum electrolysis – Light Metals, 2007, pp.1055-1060.

J46-c26. E.Bilgi, H.E.Camurlu, B.Akgün, Y.Topkaya, N.Sevinc: Formation of TiB2 by volume combustion and mechanichemical process – Mater Res Bull, 2008, vol.43, pp.873-881 – “Fused salt electrolysis [J46] is another technique for production of titanium diboride” – p.873.

J46-c27. V.Malyshev, A.Gab, M.Gaune-Escard: Initial stages of nucleation of molybdenum and tungsten carbide phases in tungstate-molybdate-carbonate melts – J Appl Electrochem, 2008, vol.38, pp.315-320 – „The results of related investigations for electrodeposited Mo and W were presented earlier [J46]” – p.315.

J46-c28. K.Amalajyothi, L.J.Berchmans, S.Angappan, A.Visuvasam: Electrosynthesis of cerium hexaboride by the molten salt technique – J Crystal Growth, 2008, vol.310, pp.3376-3379 – “the combined deposition of two electro-active species at the potential more positive than their own deposition potentials at the inert cathode is possible due to their high exchange current density of the cations in the molten salts [J46]” – p.3378.

J46-c29. N.Rybakova, M.Souto, H.P.Martinz, Y.Andriyko, W.Artner, J.Godinho, G.E.Nauer: Stability of electroplated titanium diboride coatings in high-temperature corrosive media – Corrosion Science, 2009, vol.51, pp.1315-1321 – The electrodeposition of TiB2 from molten salts is significantly faster, less expensive and permits to obtain well defined and smooth deposits on different substrates with complicated surface profiles and homogeneous layer thickness [J46]” – p. 1315.

J46-c30. H.Cellikan, A.E.Sanli, H.Aydin, M.L.Aksu: Mechanism of boron tribromide electrodeposition – J Appl Electrochem, 2009, vol.39, pp.1525-1533. – “The boronizing process can be carried out thermally or by the electrolysis of molten salts [J46]” – p.1525.

J46-c31. T.P. Jose, L. Sundar, L.J. Berchmans, A. Visuvasam and S. Angappan: Eectrochemical Synthesis and characterization of BaB6 from molten melt - Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, 2009, vol. 45 B, No.1, pp. 101 – 109. - It is emphasized that coatings with relatively stable stoichiometry can also be obtained, if one should keep the composition of the melt constant and to keep the growing boride phase ideally planar during the process. This would ensure a constant ratio of partial current densities of the two components of the boride during the deposition process. Boron and metal atoms both are deposited at more positive potentials than their own equilibrium deposition potentials usually get dissolved in the melt again. But, if such unstable boron and metal atoms appear to be in contact, they will stabilize each other with the formation of the stable boride phase [J46].

J46-c32. A.Güven, B.Fiedrich: Electrochemical titanium diboride (TiB2) synthesis from fluoride melts – Proc EMC, 2009, pp.1-12. „Table 1. Electrochemical production parameters of some metal borides [J46]” – p.3.

J46-c33. G. Kartal, S. Timur, M. Urgen, A. Erdemir: Electrochemical Boriding of Titanium for Improved Mechanical Properties - Surface Coating Technol., 2010, vol.204, pp.3935-3939 – „… there are studies related to the boriding possibilities of of non-ferrous metals and alloys [J46]” – p.3935.

J46-c34. G.Kartal, S.Timur, O.L.Erylmaz, A.Erdemir: Influence of process duration on structure and chemistry of borided low carbon steel – Surface Coating Technology, 2010, Volume 205, Issue 5, pp 1578-1583 – “Electrochemical boriding has not attracted much attention and very limited number of publication appeared in the open literature [J46]” – p.1581.

J46-c35. L.J. Berchmans, A. Visuvasam, S. Angappan, C. Subramanian, A.K. Suri: Electrosynthesis of samarium hexaboride using tetra borate melt - Ionics, 2010, vol.16, pp.833-838. – “It is explained by Kaptay and Kuznetsov that the formation of metal borides occurs by the joint deposition of two components.” – p.837.

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J45. B.Tury, J.I.Sytchev and G.Kaptay: Morphology of titanium diboride obtained by electrochemical synthesis from molten chloro-fluoride melt - High Temperature Material Processes, 1999, vol.3, p.117-126. (IF = 0.345) J45-c1. S.V. Devyatkin: Influence of different conditions of electrochemical synthesis on the structure

of the deposited refractory compound coatings, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “When the pulse technique is used, irregularities can be ‘cut’ and the planar crystallisation front can be maintained for a coating with larger thickness. This method is well known for the electro-crystallisation of metals from water based solutions. The same method was experimentally proven to provide a smoother surface of the TiB2 coating, deposited from a chloro-fluoride melt [J45] – p.6. --

J45-c2. U.Fastner, T.Steck, A.Pascual, G.Fafilek, GE Nauer: Electrochemical deposition of TiB2 in high temperature molten salts – J Alloys Comp., 2008, vol.452, pp.32-35 – „Among all the electrolytes reported int he literature [J45] our work was focused on….. “ – p.32.

J44. Báder E., Bolyán L., Kaptay Gy., Báder I.: Határfelületi energiák vizsgálata kerámia-fémolvadék rendszerek korróziója szempontjából – Korróziós Figyelő, 1999, 39. évf., 5. szám, 144-146. (IF = 0) J44-c1. Egész Ádám: Magas porozitású Al2O3 kerámiák fejlesztése kartusokhoz és Al-Al2O3

cermetekhez – Diplomamunka, Miskolci Egyetem, Műszaki Anyagtudományi Kar, Kerámia – és Szilikátmérnöki Tanszék, 2010. „(38-as hivatkozás): 17. ábra. A peremszög változása a hőntartás függvényében. Átvéve: [J44]” – 26.o.

J44-c2. Egész Ádám: Alumínium-Al2O3 kompozitok fejlesztése - TDK dolgozat (konzulens: dr. Gömze László), Miskolci Egyetem, Műszaki Anyagtudományi Kar, Kerámia – és Szilikátmérnöki Tanszék, 2010. „7. ábra. A peremszög változása a hőntartás függvényében [J44]” – 12.o., „A kemence felfűtése folyamatos, egyenletes, így a mérés végén megkaphatjuk az alumínium peremszögének folyamatosa változását az idő, valamint a hőmérséklet függvényében. Egy ilyen megfigyelést és mérést láthatunk a 7. ábrán, amely a hőntartás függvényében szemlélteti a peremszög változását. A felvételeket 1100 Cº-on készítették 0, 60, 300 és 600 másodperces hőntartási idők után. A képeken jól látszik, hogy az alumínium a hevítési idő növekedésével folyamatosan, egyre nagyobb mértékben terül szét az alumínium-oxid kerámia lapon, tehát nedvesíti azt. Ezen tanulmány eredményként azt állapította meg, hogy ezen a hőmérsékleten, 600 másodperces hőntartási idő után az alumínium nedvesítés peremszöge 60º alá csökkent az alumínium-oxid kerámián. [J44]”. – 12-13.o.

J43. Kelemen K.K., Kaptay Gy., Borsik Á.: Fémhabok – a géptervezés potenciális szerkezeti anyagai (Metallic foams – potential structural materials for machine design) – Gép, 1999., 50. évf, 11. szám, 58-61. (IF = 0) J43-c1. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással –

BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „A másik csoportba sorolhatjuk azokat az anyagokat, amelyek létrehozásánál vagy csak a tömegcsökkentés, vagy valamilyen más különleges követelmény dominál. Ezek a porózus szerkezeti anyagok [J43]” – p.41.

J42. Jánosfy Gy., Kaptay Gy., Szabó Z., Szélig Á.: A túltelítettség szerepe alumíniummal csillapított, szilíciumszegény lágyacélok (LCAK) fémesaluímium-tartalmának oxigénszondával történő beszabályozásában - BKL Kohászat, 1999., 132. évf., 6-7. szám, 245-249 o. (IF = 0)

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J41. Báder E., Kaptay Gy.: Az öntőporok szerepe az acél folyamatos öntésekor - BKL Kohászat, 1999., 132. évf., 6-7. szám, 250-254 o. (IF = 0) J40. G.Kaptay, J.Sytchev: Thermodynamic Properties of Phases and the Electrochemical Synthesis Diagram for the Mo-B System - Ukr. Khim. Zh., 1999, vol.65., No.5., pp.34-41. (IF = 0) J39 Kaptay G.: Discussion of „Particle Engulfment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis, by D.M.Stefanescu, F.R.Juretzko, B.K.Dhindaw, A.Catalina, S.Sen, P.A.Curreri, published in Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1998, vol.29A, pp.1697-1706” - Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, vol. 30A, pp.1887-1890. (IF = 0,993) J39-c1. D.M.Stefanescu, F.R.Juretzko, A.Catalina, B.K.Dhindaw, S.Sen, P.A.Curreri: Authors’ Reply

to Discussion of „Particle Engulfment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis” - Metall. and Materials Trans., A, volume 30A, 1999, pp. 1890 - 1894 – lásd a a teljes cikket

J39-c2: D.M.Stefanescu, A.Catalina, S.Sen, F.R.Juretzko, B.K.Dhindaw, P.A.Curreri: Authors’ Reply, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol.31A (2000), 1700–1705. – „This communication is written in response to Kaptay’s comments [J39]…” 5 oldal válasz.

J39-c3. J.W.Garvin, H.S.Udaykumar: Drag on a particle being pushed by a solidification front and its dependence on thermal conductivities - J. of Crystal Growth, 2004, vol.267, pp.724-737 “Still under debate [J39] is the issue of the proper form of the drag law when the solidification interface is no longer planar…”- p.727

J39-c4. DM Stefanescu: The multidisciplinary facets of particle engulfment and pushing – Trans Ind Inst. Metals, 2007, vol.60, No2-3, pp.79-86

J39-5. D.M.Stefanescu: Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification, 2nd edition, Springer, NY, 2009, 395 pp. – „The main problem is the formulation and calculation of delta sigma. In spite of extensive efforts and sometimes bitter debate [J39], it is clear that because of the uncertainties int he evaulation of the various interfacial energies, deltasigma is at best a fitting parameter – p.289.

J38. G.Kaptay, J.Sytchev: Thermodynamic Properties of Phases and the Electrochemical Synthesis Diagram for the Mo-B System - Ukr. Khim. Zh., 1999, vol.65., No.5., pp.34-41. (IF = 0) J37. Kaptay Gy., Bolyán L.: Kerámiával erősített fémmátrixú kompozitanyagok gyártásának határfelületi vonatkozásai. II/2. Határfelületi energiák adatbank. Anyagpárválasztás. BKL Kohászat, 1998. 131. Évfolyam, 9-10 szám, 305-314. (IF = 0) J37-c1. Magyar Anita: Karbon szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozitok Al/C határfelületének

jellemzése – PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 2004. – fél oldal szöveg + 1 ábra átvéve a 26. oldalon, plusz: „..magyarázat a gázhólyagok keletkezésére … hogy mihelyt a hőmérséklet a 850 – 900 C-os tartoményba emelkedik (ún. kritikus hőmérséklet [J37]), az Al reakcióba lép az Al2O3-al Al2O gáz keletkezése közben [J37].” – p.57.

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J37-c2. Janó V., Búza G., Kálazi Z.: Diszperz eloszlású, fémmátrixú kerámia kompozitréteg létrehozása lézersugaras felületkezeléssel – BKL Kohászat, 2005., 138. évf., 3. szám, 39-44.

J37-c3. Kientzl Imre: Alumínium mátrixú duplakompozit szerkezetek gyártása és vizsgálata – Diplomaterv, BME (konzulens: Dobránszky János), 2005, Bp., 110o. – „16 egyenlet, 6 ábra, 7 táblázat, összesen 11 oldal átvéve [J37] „ – 32-42. o.

J37-c4. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „Nagyon fontos, hogy a fémmátrixú kompozitanyagok esetében is csak akkor kapunk megfelelő műszaki tulajdonságokat, ha megfelelő a kapcsolat az erősítőanyag és a mátrixanyag határfelületén [J37]” – p.41.

J37-c5. I.Kientzl, J.Dobránszky: Production and behaviuour of aluminium matrix double composite structures – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.105-110 – „The contact angle can be smaller than 140 deg depending on the fact whether there is an oxide layer on the surface of the liquid or not [J37]” – p.107.

J37-c6. O.Udvardy, A.Lovas: Dynamic phenomena during sessile drop measurements due to oxide layer disruption – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.173-178 – „The wetting phenomenon between solids and liquids has an outstanding role in several technological processes [J37]” – p.173.

J37-c7. Kientzl I, Dobránszky J: Fabrication Methods of Double Composites. In: Váradi K, Vörös G (eds.), Gépészet 2008, Proceedings of Sixth Conference on Mechanical Engineering, BUTE faculty of Mechanical Engineering, G-2008-J-01. – “The strong bonding has high significance because the composite wires covered by alumina skin caused by their aluminium content and there is poor wetting between alumina and liquid aluminium [J34]” – p.4/6.

J37-c8. Orbulov I.N.: Szintaktikus fémhabok, PhD értekezés (Dobránszky János és Németh Árpád, BME, 2009. június) – „Kaptay és Bolyán összefoglaló műve szerint a peremszöget Al és SiO2, valamint Al2O3 között (amelyek a gömbhéjak falanyagát alkotják), a következő, 7. táblázat foglalja össze [J37]. 7. táblázat – 4 számérték a cikkből” – 35.o.

J37-c9. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – Kaptay szerzőtársaival összeállított egy olyan adatbankot, amely nagyszámú fém és kerámiaanyag határfelületi viselkedésére jellemző mérőszámot tartalmaz… + 11 sor [J37]” – 28.o.

J36. Tury B., Sytchev J., Kaptay Gy.: Elektrokémiai szintézissel előállított TiB2 morfológiai vizsgálata - Gépgyártástechnológia, 1998., 38. évf., 10. szám, 111-114 o. (IF = 0) J36-c1. R.P.Pawlek: Aluminium Wettable Cathodes: An Update – in: Light Metals 2000, Ed. by

R.D.Peterson, TMS 2000, pp. 449-454 – „Tury et al [J36] prepared ceramic TiB2 by electrolysis at 700 C using a molten salt electrolyte consisting of NaCl, KCl, NaF, KBF4 and K2TiF6. The electrolitically prepared TiB2 has good adherence to the cathode carbon. Compact and homogenous TiB2 is prepared at current densities of 150-300 mA/cm2” á p.449 –

J36-c2. Vedernikov G.F.: Inertnie katodi v elektroliziorach dlia proizvodstva aliuminia. Problemi i perspektivi. AO VAMI, Informacionnii listok, No.10, April 2001. – „Tury i dr. [J36] poluchili keramicheskii TiB2 iz rasplava NaCl-KCl-NaF-KBF4-K2TiF6. Poluchennoie elektrochimicheskim putiom pokritie TiB2 kompaktno i odnorodno, horosho prilipaet k ugolnomu katodu” – s.16.

J36-c3. Gorlanov ES, Nikiforov SA, Alternative technology to produce a wettable cathode surface layer in Al cells – Proc of the 12th Int. Conf. “Aluminum of Siberia” (in Russian), Krasnoyarsk, 2006, pp.91-95. – „Naibolee perspektivnii, s popitkoi adaptacii k usloviiam elektroliza v krilito-glinoziomnich rasplavach predstavlen v rabotach [J36]” – p.92.

J35 Kuznetsov S.A., Kuznetsova S.V., Beliaevskii A.T., Devyatkin S.V., Kaptay G.: Cathodic Processes at Electrochemical Synthesis of Niobium Borides from Chloro-Fluoride Melts - Elektrokhimiia (Russian Journal of Electrochemistry), 34 (5) (1998) 520-527. (IF = 0,059) J35-c1. V.V.Malyshev: Zashitnie pokritiia tugoplavkimi soedineniiami metallov IV-VIA grupp,

nanosimie iz ionnich rasplavov (obzor) – Zashita metallov, 2004, vol.40, pp.584-600 - – „az eredmények ismertetése 26 + 41 sorban, állásfoglalás nélkül)” – p. 592 and 596

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J34. Kaptay Gy., Bolyán L.: Kerámiával erősített fémmátrixú kompozitanyagok gyártásának határfelületi vonatkozásai. II/1. rész. Határfelületi energiák adatbank. Anyagpárválasztás. - BKL Kohászat, 1998, 131. évf., 5-6. szám, 179-185. (IF = 0) J34-c.1. Boross Péter: Karbidkerámia szemcsék viselkedése lézerrel létrehozott olvadéktócsában: TDK

dolgozat, 2000, tud. vez.: dr. Verő Balázs BAYATI és dr. Hárs György, BME) (ref. No.3, kicsit tévesen megadva) – „5.táblázat. A vizsgált anyagok felületi feszültsége és hőfoktényezője [J34] (a táblázat 8, a cikkemből származó adatot tartalmaz)” – 16.o. „6. táblázat – A megfelelő hőmérsékletre átszámított felületi feszültség és adhéziós energia értékek [J34] (a táblázat 18, a cikkemből átvett adatot tartalmaz” – 16.o.

J34-c.2. Boross Péter: Lézeres átolvasztással végzett felületmódosítások, Diplomamunka, BME, Bayati, 2001., tud.vez.: dr. Verő Balázs és dr. Hárs György. “A kerámiákra a [J34] szakirodalom nyomán az egységes közleítő –0,15 J/m2K értéket használtam hőfoktényezőként. .. W és σcl számítását a [J34] Az irodalomban megadott peremszög - adatokból számoltam… 8.táblázat. A vizsgált anyagok felületi feszültsége és hőfoktényezője [J34].” - p.37.

J34-c.3. Boross Péter, Kálazi Zoltán: A lézeres diszpergálás során fellépő jelenségek néhány elméleti vonatkozása – BKL Kohászat, 2002, 135. évf., 6-7. szám, 219-223 o. – „A [J34] adatbank alapján az acélolvadékunk és a TiC között nagyjából 70o-os peremszög van…” 219. o.

J34-c4. G.Králik, P.Fülöp, B.Verő, D.Zsámbok: Laser Surface Treatment of Steels – Materials Science Forum, 2003, vols.414-415, pp.21-30 – “… based on the work of Gy.Kaptay [J34] we inspected the laws determining the transport of the TiC particles into the molten bath. According to theoretical considerations a particle only submerges into the depth of 2r in the liquid if the wetting is perfect between them. Since the wetting only partial between the material and the TiC particle in the presumed thermic and ambiency circumstances the conditions of the particle to travel under the surface of the molten bath are not given.” – p.25

J34-c5. Blücher J., Dobránszky J.: Kompozithuzallal erősített alumínium duplakompozitszerkezetek – BKL Kohászat, 2003, vol.136, No.5, pp.213-217 – „A méretkorlátokhoz társul egy másik jelentős probléma is: az infiltrációs folyamatok nagy nyomásából és nagy hőmérsékletéből adódó hosszú expozíciós idő, amely alatt határfelületi reakciók mehetnek végbe az erősítőszálak és az olvasztott vagy megszilárdult, de még mindig nagy hőmérsékletű mátrix közöt [J34]” – p.213.

J34-c6. Magyar Anita: Karbon szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozitok Al/C határfelületének jellemzése – PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 2004. fél oldal bevezető szöveg a cikkem alapján a 23-24 oldalakon,

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J34-c7. Kientzl Imre: Alumínium mátrixú duplakompozit szerkezetek gyártása és vizsgálata – Diplomaterv, BME (konzulens: Dobránszky János), 2005, Bp., 110o. – „16 egyenlet, 6 ábra, 7 táblázat, összesen 11 oldal átvéve [J34] „ – 32-42. o.

J34-c8. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „Nagyon fontos, hogy a fémmátrixú kompozitanyagok esetében is csak akkor kapunk megfelelő műszaki tulajdonságokat, ha megfelelő a kapcsolat az erősítőanyag és a mátrixanyag határfelületén [J34]” – p.41.

J34-c9. Verezub O.: Lézeresen felületkezelt szerszámacél köszörülése – Gyártóeszközök, szerszámok, szerszámgépek, 2008, No.1, pp.65-68. – „Az acélolvadékba nem a szerszám felületi rétegébe tervezett TiC-szemcséket vittük be. Ennek bonyolult felületkémiai-hidrodinamikai okait részletesen tartalmazza a [J34] irodalom” – p.66.

J34-c10. I.Kientzl, J.Dobránszky: Production and behaviuour of aluminium matrix double composite structures – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.105-110 – „The contact angle can be smaller than 140 deg depending on the fact whether there is an oxide layer on the surface of the liquid or not [J34]” – p.107.

J34-c11. O.Udvardy, A.Lovas: Dynamic phenomena during sessile drop measurements due to oxide layer disruption – Mater Sci Forum, 2008, vol.589, pp.173-178 – „The wetting phenomenon between solids and liquids has an outstanding role in several technological processes [J34]” – p.173.

J34-c12. Kientzl I, Dobránszky J: Fabrication Methods of Double Composites. In: Váradi K, Vörös G (eds.), Gépészet 2008, Proceedings of Sixth Conference on Mechanical Engineering, BUTE faculty of Mechanical Engineering, G-2008-J-01 – “The strong bonding has high significance because the composite wires covered by alumina skin caused by their aluminium content and there is poor wetting between alumina and liquid aluminium [J34]” – p.4/6.

J34-c13. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – Kaptay szerzőtársaival összeállított egy olyan adatbankot, amely nagyszámú fém és kerámiaanyag határfelületi viselkedésére jellemző mérőszámot tartalmaz… + 11 sor [J34]” – 28.o.

J33. Kaptay G., Buzinkay E.: Calculation of Equilibrium Electrochemical Synthesis Diagrams on an Example of the Titanium - Boron System - Molten Salts Forum 5-6 (1998) 359-362. (IF = 0) J33-c1. N.Ene: Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry of TiB2 in molten electrolyte, Roumanian

Chemical Quarterly Reviews, 1998, 6(4), 233-245 – „A stochiometric compound could usually be synthesized from salts provided that the following thermodynamic condition is observed [J33]: {egyenlet}. Then the equilibrium synthesis potential can be calculated as: {egyenlet}…+10 sor”, ‘238.o. –

J33-c2. N.Ene: Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry of TiB2 in molten electrolyte – Rev Roum de Chimie, 1999, vol.44, pp.643-650. – „The equilibrium potential needed for the synthesis to occur is given by the equation [J33]: {equation cited}” – p.648

J33-c3. T.P. Jose, L. Sundar, L.J. Berchmans, A. Visuvasam and S. Angappan: Eectrochemical Synthesis and characterization of BaB6 from molten melt - Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, 2009, vol. 45 B, No.1, pp. 101 – 109. - The joint deposition of boron and barium in molten salts is explained by the so called ‘Unstable stoichiometric way’ called ‘kinetic regime’ in the Russian literature [J33].”

J32a. Devyatkin S.V., Kaptay G., Poignet J.-C., Bouteillon J.: Electrochemical Synthesis of Titanium Diboride Coatings from Cryolite Melts - Molten Salts Forum 5-6 (1998) 331-334. (IF = 0) J32a-c1. S.A.Kuznetsov: Elektrokhimicheskii sintez visokotemperaturnich boridov iz solevich

rasplavov – Elektrokhimiia, 1999, t.35., No.11., 1301-1317 – “Sostav elektrolitov i usloviia polucheniia tugoplavkich boridov predstavleni v tabl.2. [J32a]..” pp. 1311-1312

J32a-c2. R.P.Pawlek: Aluminium Wettable Cathodes: An Update – in: Light Metals 2000, Ed.by R.D.Peterson, TMS 2000, pp. 449-454 – „Stable titanium diboride cathode coatings have been synthsized on carbon cathodes in situ from cryolite alumina melts with additions of some B2O3, Al2O3 and CaTiO3. Deviatkin et al [J32a] stated that this technique is very promising to improve service characteristics of existing aluminium electrolysis cells, and that it can be used in development of new generation of aluminium production cells” p.450

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J32a-c3. Vedernikov G.F.: Inertnie katodi v elektroliziorach dlia proizvodstva aliuminia. Problemi i perspektivi. AO VAMI, Informacionnii listok, No.10, April 2001 – „Stabilnie katodnie pokritiia iz diborida titana bili sintetizirovani na ugolnie katodi iz kriolit-glinoziomnich rasplavov s dobavleniem B2O3, Al2O3 i CaTiO3 [J32a]. Devyatkin i dr. [J32a] scitaiut etot sposob perspektivnim dlia ispolzovaniia v deistvuiushich elektroliziorach i ispolzovaniia pri razrabotke elektroliziorov novogo pokoleniia” – c.16.

J32a-c4. R.Krendelsberger, M.F.Souto, J.Sytchev, J.O.Besenhard, G.Fafilek, H.Kronberger, G.E.Nauer: Texture effects in TiB2 coatings electrodeposited from a NaCl-KCl-K2TiF6-NaF-NaBF4 melt at 700 oC – J. Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol. 39B, No.1-2, pp.269-274 – „The electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 layers has been widely studied from diverse molten salt systems [J32a]” – p.270.

J32a-c5. P.Taxil, P.Chamelot, L.Massot, C.Hamel: Electrodeposition of alloys or compounds in molten salts and applications – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.177-200 – „In the industry of aluminium electrowinning, titanium or zirconium borides are possibly used to protect the carbon cathodes from the electrolyte insertion. Numerous works are dedicated to the preparation of these compounds by the electrodeposition in molten salts, either in molten fluorides or in cryolithe media [J32a]” – p.178.

J32a-c6. AL Yurkov: Refractories and carbom cathode materials for the aluminium industry – Refractories and Industrial Ceramics, 2006, vol.47, pp.11-13 (translated from Novye Ogneupori, 2006, No.1, pp.18-21) – “Electrolytic deposition of TiB2 coatings is carried out either in situ in operating electrolysis cells, or using specialized baths [J32]. + 14 lines description” – p.12.

J32a-c7. Gorlanov ES, Nikiforov SA, Alternative technology to produce a wettable cathode surface layer in Al cells – Proc of the 12th Int. Conf. “Aluminum of Siberia” (in Russian), Krasnoyarsk, 2006, pp.91-95. – „Naibolee perspektivnii, s popitkoi adaptacii k usloviiam elektroliza v kriolito-glinoziomnich rasplavach predstavlen v rabotach [P4]” – p.92.

J32a-c8. T.P. Jose, L. Sundar, L.J. Berchmans, A. Visuvasam and S. Angappan: Eectrochemical Synthesis and characterization of BaB6 from molten melt - Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, 2009, vol. 45 B, No.1, pp. 101 – 109. - The joint deposition of boron and barium in molten salts is explained by the so called ‘Unstable stoichiometric way’ [J32] called ‘kinetic regime’ in the Russian literature. This will appear if the deposition potentials of boron and the second component of the boride, i.e. the metal component (MC) on inert cathodes are too far from each other. Barium is found to be more electronegative than boron, so the depolarization of metal deposition should be taken into account. i.e. the condition is as follows: …… when the above condition is fulfilled, first the macroscopic layer of one of the components will be deposited on the cathode and the formation of boride will take place during depositing the second component on this layer with depolarization. In this case the synthesis of boride is possible only above the limiting current density of the more electropositive component. Hence, the composition of the boride phase will strongly depend on the concentration of the ions of the more electropositive component in the melt i.e., boron concentration. It also depends on the actual cathodic current density. It has been reported that during the crystal deposition, both the composition of the melt and the effective cathode surface area will continuously change, hence, the final composition of the boride will also be changed. This mechanism has been reported as ‘unstable stoichiometry way’ [J32].

J32-a-c9. JRA Godinho: Optimization of TiB2 coatings electrodepisted from halide melts – Master dissertation in Chemistry, April 2008, 70 pp. – “From the 90-s onward some practical aspects of the deposition of different borides (e.g. TiB2) were clarified, along with the basic electrochemical techniques and thermodynamic calculations [P3]” – p.10.

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J.32. S.V Devyatkin, G.Kaptay, J.C.Poignet, J.Bouteillon: Chemical and electrochemical behaviour of titanium oxide and complexes in cryolite-alumina melts - High Temperature Material Processes, 1998, vol.2, N4, p.497-506. (IF = 0,233) J32-c1. T.E.Jentoftsen: Behaviour of iron and titanium species in cryolite-alumina melts – PhD Thesis,

December 2000, Norway. – “the possibility to produce Al-Ti alloys by electrolysis as discussed by Devyatkin et al.” – Chapter 4, “devyatkin et al applied cyclic voltammetry to study … (+half page)” – Chapter 6.

J32-c2. T.E.Jentofsten, A-A. Lorentsen, E.W.Dewing, G.M.Haarberg, J.Thonstad – Solubility of Some Transition Metal Oxides in Cryolite Alumina Melts: Part II. Solubility of TiO2 – Metall. Mater. Trans., 2002, vol. 33B., pp.909-913 – „The possibility of producing aluminum-titanium alloys by electrolysis, as discussed by Qiu et al […] and by Devyatkin et al [J32] is another reason for investigation” – p.909.

J32-c3. Simakov D, Vassiliev S, Tursunov P, Khasanova N, Ivanov V, Abakumov A, Alekseeva A, Antipov E, Tsirlina G: Electrodeposition of TiB2 from cryolite-alumina melts - LIGHT METALS 2008, ed. by DeYoung DH, 2008, TMS, pp. 1019-1022. – „These observations agree with the literature data [J32]” – p.1020.

J.31. Kuznetsov S.A., Kuznetsova S.V., Devyatkin S.V., Kaptay G.: Electrodeposition of Niobium Boride Coatings from Chloro-Fluoride Melts - Russ. J. Appl. Chem. (Zh. Prikladnoi Khimii), 71 (1998) 74-80 (IF = 0.169) J31-c1. V.V.Malyshev, High-temperature electrosynthesis of metal-like refractory compounds of group

IV-VI metals in ionic melts – Zh. Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2003, vol.48 (2), pp.142-148 (ref. 32)

J31-c2. V.V:Malyshev: High-temperature electrosynthesis of metal-like refractory compounds of group IV-VI metals in ionic melts – Russian J Inorg Chem, 2003, vol.48, pp.142-148 – “Kuznetsov et al. [J31] obtained niobium boride coatings from chloro-fluoride melts…” – p.144.

J31-c3. V.V.Malishev: Visokotemperaturnii elektrochmnicheskii sintez metallopodobnich tugoplavkich soedinenii metallov IV – VIA grupp v ionnich rasplavach – Zh. Neorg. Himii, 2004, vol.48, pp.187-194 – “V [J31] pokazana vozmozhnost elektrohimicheskogo sinteza pokritii boridov niobiia s ispolzovaniem hloridno-ftoridnich rasplavov. Vibrani sostavi elektrolitov i opredeleni parametri processa, pozvoliaiushie poluchat kak kristallicheskie, tak i rentgenoamorfnie sploshnie pokritiia boridov niobiiia. Avtorami takzhe pokazani, shto elektrochmicheskim poverhnostnim borirovaniem niobievich podlozhek mogut bit polucheni tonkoplionochnie cloi diborida niobiia. Polucheni rezultati govoriat o tom, shto VES boridov niobiia vozmozhen lish v kineticheskom rezhime. Po mneniu avtorov, pri takom rezhime sinteza reshaiusheezhanchenie imeet koncentraciia elektropolozhitelnogo komponenta (v dannom sluchaie geptaftoroniobata kaliia)” – pp.189-191.

J31-c4. V.V.Malyshev: Zashitnie pokritiia tugoplavkimi soedineniiami metallov IV-VIA grupp, nanosimie iz ionnich rasplavov (obzor) – Zashita metallov, 2004, vol.40, pp.584-600 - – „az eredmények ismertetése 41 sorban, állásfoglalás nélkül” – p.596

J31-c5. V.V.Malyshev, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis in ionic melts by the onset of XXI century – Russ J. of General Chem., 2004., vol.74, pp.1139-1146 (Zh. Obshei Himii, 2004, vol.74, pp.1233-1240) – Ref. No. 35. – „see Table 1” – p.1141, „Kuznetsov et al [J31] demonstrated the possibility of electrochemical synthesis of niobium boride coatings using chloride-fluoride melts” – p.1141.

J31-c6. M.Noel, N.Suryanarayanan: Electrochemistry of metals and semiconductors in fluoride media – J.Appl.Electrochem., 2005, vol.35, pp.49-60 – “Niobium boride may also be obtained through similar electrodeposition process using fluoroborate salts [J31]” – p.55.

J31-c7. A.I.Hab: Hig-tempearture electrochemcial synthesis of coatings of carbides, borides and silicides of metals of the IV-VI B groups from ionic melts (review) – Materials Science, 2007, vol.43, pp.383-397 (Fiziko-Himichna Mechanika Materialov, 2007, vol.43, No.3, pp.76-88) – „The cathodic process int he course of electrosynthesis of niobium borides were studied in [J31]. +5 lines, describing the experimental conditions are given” – p.393.

J.30. Kuznetsov S.A., Glagolevskaya A.L., Belyaevskii A.T., Devyatkin S.V., G.Kaptay: High temperature electrochemical synthesis of powders of Zirconium

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Diboride from chloro-fluoride melts - Rus.J.Appl.Chem., (Zh. Prikladnoi Khimii) 70 (1997) 1646-1649 (IF = 0,114) J30-c1. Shumakova NI, Procenko ZM, Gudakova GO, Bugaenko VV: Fazovii, elementnii sklad ta

mikrostruktura elektrolitichno otrimanich poroshkopodobnich produktiv na osnovi siliciiu, titanu, boru ta ich spoluk – Bisnik Sumskogo Derzhavnogo Universiteta, Seriia Fizika, matematika, mechanika, 2004, No. 10 (69), 196-205.

J30-c2. VV Bugaenko, ZM Procenko, NI Shumakova: Fazovii, elmentnii ta granulometrichnii sklad elektrolitichno otrimanich poroshkopodobnich produktiv na osnovi boridiv titanu – Bisnuk SumDU, 2006, No.6, pp.114-122 – „Odnim iz bagatoh metodiv oderzhaniia boridiv metalic s visokotemperaturnii elektrohimichnii sintez (VES) b rozplavlenich soliovich elektrolitach, iakii s perspektivnim metodom oderzhaniia poroshkopodobnich boridiv metaliv ta nemetaliv [J30]” – p.115.

J.29. Kaptay Gy.: Kerámiával erősített fémmátrixú kompozitok gyártásának határfelületi vonatkozásai. I/2. Határfelületi kritériumok meghatározása preformába öntött MMC-k gyártásának biztosítására. BKL, Kohászat, 130 (1997) No 8-9, 311-314 (IF = 0) J29-c1. Kientzl Imre: Alumínium mátrixú duplakompozit szerkezetek gyártása és vizsgálata –

Diplomaterv, BME (konzulens: Dobránszky János), 2005, Bp., 110o. – „16 egyenlet, 6 ábra, 7 táblázat, összesen 11 oldal átvéve [J29] „ – 32-42. o.

J29-c2. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „Nagyon fontos, hogy a fémmátrixú kompozitanyagok esetében is csak akkor kapunk megfelelő műszaki tulajdonságokat, ha megfelelő a kapcsolat az erősítőanyag és a mátrixanyag határfelületén [J29]” – p.41.

J29-c3. Orbulov I.: Szintaktikus fémhabok keménységmérése – Anyagvizsgálók lapja, 2009, No.1, pp.9-15. – „A leggyakoribb gyártási módszerek a nyomásos infiltrálás és a keveréses eljárás. Mindkét eljárásban jelentős szerepe van a mátrix és az erősítőanyag közötti határfelületenek, amely kritériumaival Kaptay behatóan foglalkozott [J29].” – p.9.

J29-c4. Pázmán J.: Szilíciumkarbid szemcsék kémiai nikkelezése és fémkompozitokban történő alkalmazása – PhD disszertáció (tud. vez.: Gácsi Z.), Miskolc, 2010. „Ahhoz, hogy stir casting technológiával, vagy infiltrációval megfelelő minőségű és mechamnikai tulajdonságokkal rendelkező fémkonpozitot lehessen gyártani, a részecskék tökéletes nedvesítése szükséges [J29]” – 28.o.

J.28. Kaptay Gy.: Kerámiával erősített fémmátrixú kompozitok gyártásának határfelületi vonatkozásai. I. rész. A határfelületi kritériumok levezetése. BKL, Kohászat, 130 (1997) No 5-6, 201-208 (IF = 0) J28-c1. Csepeli Zs., Sólyom B., Gácsi Z., Buza G., Teleszky I., Kovács Á.: Részecske- és szálerősítésű

fémmátrixú kompozitok előállítási lehetőségei - BKL Kohászat, 131 (1998) 41-47 – „.. a bevonatnak egyszerre kell meggátolnia a szál és a mátrix közötti diffúziót és biztosítani a bevonat és a mátrix közötti tökéletes nedvesítést [J28]… p. 45. --

J28-c2. Csepeli Zsolt: Irányítottan kristályosított volfrám szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozit szerkezete - PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 1997 – „A szálerősítésű kompozitok előállításához soklépcsős, nehezen automatizálható eljárásokat használnak. Az alkalmazott módszer egyik legnagyobb problémája az optimális nedvesítés biztosítása a szál és a mátrix között [J28].” – p.4. --

J28-c3. Boross Péter: Karbidkerámia szemcsék viselkedése lézerrel létrehozott olvadéktócsában: TDK dolgozat, 2000, tud. vez.: dr. Verő Balázs BAYATI és dr. Hárs György, BME) – „II.2. fejezet. Kerámiaszemcsék olvadékokban – alapfogalmak [J28]” – fejezetcím, a teljes 3. oldal idézet. “II.3. Kerámiaszemcsék olvadédkokban – elsüllyedési elméletek [J28]” – fejezetcím, a teljes 4-5 oldalakon idézetek, pl. „…amint Kaptay György [J28]-ban megmutatta… „ - 4. oldal. „…Kaptay-féle elmélet…” – 18.o.

J28-c4. Boross Péter: Lézeres átolvasztással végzett felületmódosítások, Diplomamunka, ME, Bayati, 2001., tud.vez.: dr. Verő Balázs és dr. Hárs György. „IV.2. fejezet. Felületfizikai effektusok – kerémiaszmecsék elsüllyedése. IV.2.2. Alapfogalmak [J28] – 17-18. oldalon folyamatos

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hivatkozés. IV.2.3. Elsüllyedés elméletek összefoglalása [J28] – 18-21 oldalakon az általam alkotott modell ismertetése, egyenletekkel és két ábrával.” – 17 – 21.o.

J28-c5. Boross Péter, Kálazi Zoltán: A lézeres diszpergálás során fellépő jelenségek néhány elméleti vonatkozása – BKL Kohászat, 2002, 135. évf., 6-7. szám, 219-223 o. – 2 oldal szöveg + 7 egyenlet + 2 ábra átvéve a 220 – 221 oldalakon

J28-c6. E.R.Fábián, P.Boross, B.Verő, P.Fülöp: Metallographic Aspects of Surface-Treated Steels by using Laser Technology – Materials Science Forum, 2003, vols. 414-415, pp.201-206 – “The wetting theorem by G.Kaptay [J28] shows that particles with zero contact angle will sink completely in melt pool, but particles with nonzero contact angle will sink partially, and will float on the surface. … But our system is not in static state. This means that the static theorem [J28] is unusable, so we need to construct a dynamic theorem. The energy equilibrium equations and the method of [J28] are unusable too. We need to solve the problem by dynamic equations. We can determine surface forces from equations determined in [J28] by gradient calculus, and we need to complete it by hydrodynamic drag force…”

J28-c7. G.Králik, P.Fülöp, B.Verő, D.Zsámbok: Laser Surface Treatment of Steels – Materials Science Forum, 2003, vols.414-415, pp.21-30 – “… based on the work of Gy.Kaptay [J28] we inspected the laws determining the transport of the TiC particles into the molten bath. According to theoretical considerations a particle only submerges into the depth of 2r in the liquid if the wetting is perfect between them. Since the wetting only partial between the material and the TiC particle in the presumed thermic and ambiency circumstances the conditions of the particle to travel under the surface of the molten bath are not given.” – p.25

J28-c8. Magyar Anita: Karbon szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozitok Al/C határfelületének jellemzése – PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 2004. – 2,5 oldal szöveg és 11 egyenlet átvéve a cikkemből a 24-26 oldalakon.

J28-c9. Janó V., Búza G., Kálazi Z.: Diszperz eloszlású, fémmátrixú kerámia kompozitréteg létrehozása lézersugaras felületkezeléssel – BKL Kohászat, 2005., 138. évf., 3. szám, 39-44 (No.1).

J28-c10. Kientzl Imre: Alumínium mátrixú duplakompozit szerkezetek gyártása és vizsgálata – Diplomaterv, BME (konzulens: Dobránszky János), 2005, Bp., 110o.

J28-c11. Orbulov I., Kientzl I., Németh Á.: Fémhabok és kompozitok előállítása infiltrálásos eljárással – BKL Kohászat, 2007, vol.140, No.5, pp.41-46. – „Nagyon fontos, hogy a fémmátrixú kompozitanyagok esetében is csak akkor kapunk megfelelő műszaki tulajdonságokat, ha megfelelő a kapcsolat az erősítőanyag és a mátrixanyag határfelületén [J28]” – p.41.

J28-c12. Verezub O.: Lézeresen felületkezelt szerszámacél köszörülése – Gyártóeszközök, szerszámok, szerszámgépek, 2008, No.1, pp.65-68. – „Az acélolvadékba nem a szerszám felületi rétegébe tervezett TiC-szemcséket vittük be. Ennek bionyolult felületkémiai-hidrodinamikai okait részletesen tartalmazza a [J28] irodalom” – p.66.

J28-c13. Orbulov I.: Szintaktikus fémhabok keménységmérése – Anyagvizsgálók lapja, 2009, No.1, pp.9-15. – „A leggyakoribb gyártási módszerek a nyomásos infiltrálás és a keveréses eljárás. Mindkét eljárásban jelentős szerepe van a mátrix és az erősítőanyag közötti határfelületenek, amely kritériumaival Kaptay behatóan foglalkozott [J28].” – p.9.

J28-c14. Pázmán J.: Szilíciumkarbid szemcsék kémiai nikkelezése és fémkompozitokban történő alkalmazása – PhD disszertáció (tud. vez.: Gácsi Z.), Miskolc, 2010. – „.. biztosítani kell a részecskék, sok esetben a kerámia szemcsék olvadékba történő bevitalét és benntartását [J28]” – 28.o.

J27. G.Kaptay, A.Lovas, F.Szigeti, P.Bárczy, L.Bolyán: Correlation between the abrasive ability of ceramic reinforced amorphous metal matrix composites and the adhesion energy between the amorphous matrix and the ceramic particles - Materials Science and Engineering A226-228 (1997) 1083-1088 (IF = 0,842) J27-c1. V.V.Maslov, D.Yu.Paderno, A.D.Panasyuk: Effect of Refractory Boride Particles on

Crystallization of the Amorphous Alloy Fe85B15 – Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics, 2000, vol.39, 474-479 – „According to data in [J27], introduction of refractory particles leads to an increase in Young’s modulus, yield stress, and also wear resistance of amorphous alloy ribbons…” – 474.

J27-c2. L.Ma, L.Wang, X.Guo, T.Zhang, A.Inoue: Enhanced glass-forming ability and microhardness of Ti45Zr5Cu25Ni20Sn5 amorphous alloy by addition of TiC particles – J. of Materials Science

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Letters, 2002, vol.21., pp.1435-1437 – „Amorphous MMCs are prepared by mechanical alloying […], melt spinning [J27] and copper mold casting […]”– p.1435.

J26. Kaptay G., Bárczy P., Szigeti F., Lovas A., Gácsi Z., Bolyán L.: Interface Phenomena in Processing of Ceramic Reinforced Amorphous Metal Composites. - J. of Non-crystalline Solids 205-207 (1996) 742-747. (IF = 1,318) RJ26/1. Jiang J.H., Li Z.L., Ye X.M., Zhou R.: Effect of matrices on dissolution of tungsten carbide

partiiculates (WC) in WC reinforced iron base composites – Foundry Technology, 2007, vol.28, No.2, pp.199-203 – „G.Kaptay …. WC …. Fe40Ni40Si04B6 …. WC …. . Fe40Ni40Si04B6… WC …… [J26]” – p.199. (…. = Chinese text)

RJ26/2. Li Z., Jiang Y., Ye X., ZHou R.: Dissolution of tungsten carbide particulates (WC) int he matrix of WC reinforced gray cast iron matrix composites – Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica – 2007, vol.24, No.2, pp.13-17 – „… Kaptay …. WC …. Fe40Ni40Si14B6 … {Chinese text} [J26]” – p.13.

J.25. G. Kaptay: Method for Estimating Solid-Solid Interface Energies in Metal-Ceramic Systems. The Aluminium-Silicon Carbide System - Materials Science Forum Vols. 215-216 (1996) 475-484. (IF = 0) J25-c1. D.M.Stefanescu, F.R.Juretzko, A.Catalina, B.K.Dhindaw, S.Sen, P.A.Curreri: Authors’ Reply

to Discussion of „Particle Engulfment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis” - Metall. Mater. Trans., A, volume 30A, 1999, pp. 1890 - 1894 – “This is further corroborated from data that Kaptay’s generated in a different article [J25], where he has calculated (in his Table 5) interface energies for the Al-SiC system, assuming both oxidized and not oxidized aluminum surfaces. These values are reproduced in Table II.” p.1893 –

J25-c2. J.A.Vreeling, V.Ocelik, Y.T.Pei, D.T.L.van Agterveld, J.T.M. de Hosson: Laser Melt Injection in Aluminum Aloys: on the Role of the Oxide Skin – Acta mater. 48 (2000) 4233 – „The values of interface energies for both oxidized and unoxidized surfaces of liquid Al are given in Table 1 [J25]. All of this indicates that the velocity of the particles and the particular state of the melt pool surface play important roles in the actual laser melt injection ’ process. …. Table 1. Interface energies of oxidized and unoxidized Al in the Al(l)/SiCp system [J25] – {táblázat átmásolva [J25]-ből}” – p. 4228.

J25-c3. J.A.Vreeling, V.Ocelik, Y.T.Pei, J.Th.M.de Hosson: Laser Melt Injection of SiC Particles in Al – in: „Surface Modification Technologies XIV”, ed. by T.S.Sudarshan and M.Jeandin, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, 2001, pp. 619-623. – „The liquid-vapor and liquid particle interface energies are different for oxidized and non-oxidized surfaces. The interface energies are listed in Table 1 [J25]…. Table.1. Interface energies per unit area of oxidized and not-oxidized Al in the Al(l)/SiCp system [J25]. – {táblázat átmásolva [J25]-ból}” – p. 622.

J25-c4. A.Vreeling: Laser Melt Injection of Ceramic Particles in Metals – PhD Thesis, University of Groningen, Holland, 2001, pp. 136. Chapter 3. „Table 3.1. Interface tensions of oxidized and non-oxidized Al in the Al(l)/SiCp system [J25]” {táblázat átmásolva [J25]-ból}” – p.45, „Important is that σlv and σlp have different values for oxidized and non-oxidized Al. The values of the interface tensions of the Al(l)-SiC system, of both oxidized and un-oxidized Al, are found in the literature and given in Table 3.1 [J25]. The data in Table 3.1 are based on calculations that agree with experimental data.” – p.46.

J25-c5. Y.T.Pei, V.Ocelik, J.Th.De Hosson: SiCp/Ti6Al4V functionally graded materials produced by laser melt injection – Acta Materiala, 50 (2002) 2035-2051 – „…for the SiC/Ti6Al4V system σlp = 1000 mJ/m2, σpv = 1920 mJ/m2 [J25]….” – p. 2046.

J25-c6. C.Kawai: Fabrication of Al-SiC composites using a hot-forging technique and their thermal conductivity – J. of the Ceramic Society of Japan, 2002, vol.110, pp.1016-1020-„hivatkozás japánul, valószínűleg arról, hogy az Al/SiC rendszerben 1023 oC-on a peremszög 50o [J25]” – p.1018

J25-c7. J.Th.M.de Hosson, B.J.Kooi: Microstructure and properties of interfaces between dissimilar materials – in: „Handbook of Surfaces and Interfaces of Materials, vol.1., Surface and Interface Phenomena”, ed. by H.S.Nalwa, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001, Chapter 1, pp.1-

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113 – „The values of the interface energies for both oxidized and nonoxidized surfaces of liquid Al are given in Table VII [J25] – Table VII is taken from my paper – „, p.79. „explanation in 17 lines, based on [J25]” – p.81.

J25-c8. De Hosson JT, Pei YT: Functionally graded materials produced with high power lasers, in: SURFACE ENGINEERING: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY II, ed by Kumar A; Chung YW; Moore JJ; Doll GL; Yatsui K; Misra DS, TMS, 2002, pp.163-176

J25-c9. J.Th.M.deHosson, V.Ocelik, Y.Pei: Surface Engineering with lasers. Chapter 16 of the book “Surface Modification and Mechanisms – Friction, Stress and Reaction Engineering”, ed. by G.E.Totten, H.Liang, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 2004, pp.603-669.

J.24. G. Kaptay: Interfacial Phenomena during Melt Processing of Ceramic Particle-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites. Part II. Interfacial Force between a Spherical Particle and an Approching Solid/Liquid Interface - Materials Science Forum Vols. 215-216 (1996) 467-474. (IF = 0) J24-c1. F.R.Juretzko, D.M.Stefanescu, B.K.Dhindaw, S.Sen: Interfacial energy Δγ - Theoretical and

experimental evaluation for metal-ceramic systems – in: „Processing, Properties and Applications of Cast Metal Matrix Composites, ed. by P.K.Rohatgi, TMS, 1996, pp. 21-31 – „Recently, a third way of calculation was presented by Kaptay [J24]. According to this derivation the surface energy difference should be expressed as {equation is given}…” p.24

J24-c2. S.Sen, B.K.Dhindaw, D.M.Stefanescu, A.Catalina, P.A.Curreri: Melt convection effects on the critical velocity of particle engulfment - Journal of Crystal Growth, 173 (1997) 574-584 – „According to Kaptay [J24] the interface energy difference is: {equation given}…. „ p.583

J24-c3. D.M.Stefanescu, F.R.Juretzko, B.K.Dhindaw, A.Catalina, S.Sen and P.A.Curreri: Particle Engulfment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis - Met. and Mat. Trans. A, volume 29A, June 1998, pp. 1697-1706 – „The expression for Δσo and the local force during engulfment, as proposed by UCJ and adopted by SAS, can be derived [J24] by writing the energy balance for the case in Fig1” p.1704 –

J24-c4. D.M.Stefanescu, F.R.Juretzko, A.Catalina, B.K.Dhindaw, S.Sen, P.A.Curreri: Authors’ Reply to Discussion of „Particle Engulfment and Pushing by Solidifying Interfaces: Part II. Microgravity Experiments and Theoretical Analysis” - Metall. Mater. Trans., A, volume 30A, 1999, pp. 1890 – 1894 – „… This derivation followed that proposed by Kaptay [J24]…” p.1890 –

J24-c5: D.M.Stefanescu, A.Catalina, S.Sen, F.R.Juretzko, B.K.Dhindaw, P.A.Curreri: Authors’ Reply, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol.31A (2000), 1700–1705. – „The derivation of this equation has been attempted earlier by Kaptay [J23] and criticized by us..” 1702-1703 o.

J24-c6. Jiang ZW, Ren ZM, Zhong YB: Theoretical model for particle migrating behaviour ahead of solidification front in electromagnetic field – Shanghai Nonferrous Metals, 2000, vol.21, No.2, p.49-53 (Ref. No.12). – The equation for deltasigma is cited” – p.50.

J24-c7. Jiang ZW, Ren ZM, Zhong YB: Theoretical model for particle behaviour at solidifying front in electromagnetic force field – Journal of Shanghai University, 2000, vol.4, No.3, p.246-249 (Ref. No.12). – “The equation for deltasigma is different in [J24]” – p.247.

J24-c8. Á.Borsik: Dynamic Simulation of the Movement of Ceramic Particles in front of an Approaching Solidification Front, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://material.ini.hu), July, 2001. (ref. No.24)

J24-c9. Q.Sun, Y.Zhong, Z.Ren, K.Deng, K.Xu: Advances in Research on Particle-s behaviour in front of solidifying interface – Materials Review, 2003, vol.17, No.9, pp.9-12. – “G.Kaptay…. Equation (2)…. Chinese text” – p.9.

J24-c10. F-H. Li, S-S. Chen, Z-G. Fan: Properties of alumina particles reinforced silver composites – J. of Northeastern University, Natural Science, 2007, vol.28, pp.696-700 (Ref. No.13). – “Chinese text.” – p.697.

J.23. G. Kaptay: Interfacial Phenomena during Melt Processing of Ceramic Particle-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites. Part I. Introduction (incorporation) of solid particles into melts - Materials Science Forum Vols. 215-216 (1996) 459-466. (IF = 0) J23-c1. J.A.Vreeling, V.Ocelik, Y.T.Pei, D.T.L.van Agterveld, J.T.M. de Hosson: Laser Melt Injection

in Aluminum Alloys: on the Role of the Oxide Skin – Acta mater. 48 (2000) 4225-4233 –

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„The total interface energy for a particle partially immersed in a melt at depth x, 0≤x≤2R (see Fig.5), is given by [J23]: {a cikk (2) egyenlete és 5. ábrája kimásolva [J23]-ból, további magyarázatokkal}..” – p.4228.

J23-c2. E.Báder: Wettability of Alumina by Liquid Magnesium and Liquid AZ91 Alloy, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The wettability of alumina by magnesium is a very important factor in producing metal matrix composites [J23] or metallic foams […] consisting of these two phases” – p.1 –

J23-c3. J.A.Vreeling, V.Ocelik, Y.T.Pei, J.Th.M.de Hosson: Laser Melt Injection of SiC Particles in Al – in: „Surface Modification Technologies XIV”, ed. by T.S.Sudarshan and M.Jeandin, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, 2001, pp. 619-623. – „If we simplify the problem by assuming that the particles are spherical, having a radius R, the interface energy of a one-particle system can be calculated as a function of depth x, defined in Figure 5. The total interface energy is [J23]: {a cikk (2) egyenlete és 5. ábrája kimásolva [J23]-ból, további magyarázatokkal}..” – p.622.

J23-c4. A.Vreeling: Laser Melt Injection of Ceramic Particles in Metals – PhD Thesis, University of Groningen, Holland, 2001, pp. 136. Chapter 3. „During penetration, the total interface energy changes because the areas of the different interfaces, which have different interface tensions, change. The total interface energy for a particle that is partially immersed in a melt at depth x, where the depth x is defined in Fig.3.8., is given by [J23]:… {a disszertáció (3.2) egyenlete kimásolva [J23]-ból, további magyarázatokkal}..” – p.45.

J23-c5. J.Th.M.de Hosson, B.J.Kooi: Microstructure and properties of interfaces between dissimilar materials – in: „Handbook of Surfaces and Interfaces of Materials, vol.1., Surface and Interface Phenomena”, ed. by H.S.Nalwa, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001, Chapter 1, pp.1-113 (ref. No.248). – „The total interface energy for the particle partially immersed into a melt at depth x is given by [J23].. - my equation with explanations –„, p.79

J23-c6. HAO Xing Ming, Liu Hongmei, Zhang Feng-lin, Zhao Feng, Su Junyi: Metal matrix composites infiltration casting the theory and practice – Research Studies on Foundry Equipment, 2002, No.2, p.50-53 – Chinese text, Ref.No.1.

J23-c7. 5 kinai: On the infiltration of metal matrix composites, 2002, No.2, Ref. No.16. (different from J23-c6 – see Google Scolar). 19. cikk

J23-c8. O.N.Verezub: Izuchenie mechanizma proniknoveniia tviordoi chastici v zhidkost, s celiu optimizacii technologii lazernoi tviordotelnoi implantacii – in: „Visoki Technologii v Mashinobuduvanni – Kharkiv, 2003, pp.11-16 (ref. No.11)

J23-c9. Kínai jelek (Google): Materials Review, 2003, vol.17, No.9 (Ref. No.13) J23-c10. O.N.Verezub, A.I.Grabchenko, T.Matsushita: Eksperimentalno-teoreticheskoie modelirovanie

dinamiki proniknoveniia legiruiushich chastic v matricu eksperimentalnogo materiala – in: „Research and Education”, Nacionalnii Technicheskii Universitet, 2004, Harkov, pp.59-66 – „Uslovie spontannogo proniknoveniia mozhno virazit cherez bezrazmernoie chislo G [J23] – egyenlet…” – p.62, „V tretiei gruppe uravnenii [J23] kriticheckii ugol kontakta raven nuliu v tom sluchaie, esli Weber kriticheskii stremitsia k nuliu. Eto polnostiu podtverzhdaiet nashi eksperimentalnie dannie” – p.64.

J23-c11. J.Th.M.deHosson, V.Ocelik, Y.Pei: Surface Engineering with lasers. Chapter 16 of the book “Surface Modification and Mechanisms – Friction, Stress and Reaction Engineering”, ed. by G.E.Totten, H.Liang, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 2004, pp.603-669.

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J23-c12. P.Boross, Z.Kálazi, O.Verezub, B.Verő: Investigation of processes evolving during thin film production by laser surface modification – Mater. Sci. Forum, 2005, vols. 473-474, pp.303-308 – “Fig.1: The equilibrium and the penetration depths for different contact angles [J23] + equations + text in pages 303-304”

J23-c13. DA Weirauch: Technologically significant capillary phenomena in high-temperature materials processing. Examples drawn from aluminum industry – Current Opp Solid State and Mater Sci, 2005, vol.9, pp.230-240 – „There are several good reviews that cover capillarity in composite manufacturing [J22]. The general principles of particle incorporation into molten metals have been summarized in [J23].” – p.237.

J23-c14. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, H.Mavros: Solidification behaviour of ceramic particle reinforced Al-alloy matrices – J.Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.2165-2173 – „Especially in the case of cast metal composites, however, a contact angle of less than 90 oC (sicc) is not sufficient to lead to spontaneous entry of the particles but a 0o contact angle (total spreading condition) is required as shown by the works of Nakae et al., Wu et al. And Kaptay [J23]” – p.1/9

J23-c15. A.Ott: Oberflachen modification von Aluminium legierungen mit Laserstrahlung. Dissertation Uni-Stuttgart (prof. H. Hugel), Herbert Utz Verlag, 2010.

J23-c16. B.Balout: Centrifugal casting of ZA8 zinc alloy and composite A356/SiC: study and modeling of phases and particles segregation – PhD Thesis, University of Quebec, Montreal, 2010. – “Fig.14. A spherical particle partially immersed ina liquid [J23]” – p.29. “According to Kaptay [J23], the interface energy of the system can be interpreted as … 9 lines and 2 equations” – pp.30-31

J.22. Bárczy P., Kaptay Gy., Gácsi Z., Lovas A., Szigeti F. Kerámiarészecskék beépülése gyorsan dermedő fémolvadékba - Publ. Univ. of Miskolc, Series B. Metallurgy vol 39 (1995), pp. 279-290. (IF = 0) J.21. Akhmedov S.N., Kaptay G., Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Gorlanov E.S., Karimov M.I., Vetyukov M.M. Chemical and electrochemical behaviour of some 'new materials' in molten salts to be used for aluminium electrolysis - Molten Salt Forum vol. 1-2 (1993/94) pp. 231-232. (IF = 0) J.20. Deviatkin S.V., Kaptay G. Influence of nature of the alkali metal cation on Ti(III) - e = Ti(IV) electrochemical process in chloride melts - Molten Salt Forum vol. 1-2 (1993/94) pp. 129-138. (IF = 0) J20–c1. A.Salmi, Y.Berghoute, F.Lantelme: Modelling Multistep Electrochemical Reactions in Molten

Salts Electrowinning of Refractory Metals - Electrochimica Acta, 1995, vol.40., o.4., pp.403-411 – “… However, the solubility of TiCl4 is low [ ], [J20], and increasing the concentrations Ti(IV) results in a rapid evolution of gaseous TiCl4.. “ p.410 –

J20-c2. F.Lantelme, A.Salmi: Electrochemistry of Titanium in NaCl-KCl Mixtures and Influence of Dissolved Fluoride Ions - J.Electrochem. Soc., vol. 142, No.10., 1995, pp.3451-3456 - „Figures 1 and 2 show voltammograms …. According to previous studies [J20] the reaction corresponds to the Ti(III)/Ti(IV) couple.” p.3452 –

J20-c3. F.Lantelme, K.Kuroda, A.Barhoun: Electrochemical and thermodynamic properties of titanium chloride solutions in various alkali chloride mixtures. Electrochimica Acta, 44 (1998) 421-431 – „Equations in Table 3 show that the dissolution energy is made of two terms [J20]. The values of the enthalpies and entropies of dissolution depend on the solvent salt…” p.427 –

J20-c4. F.Lantelme, A.Barhoun, K.Kuroda: Role of the oxoacidity and Ligand Effect in the Electrowinning of Titanium in Fused Salts - in Refractory Metals in Molten Salts (Their Chemistry, Electrochemistry and Technology), ed. by D.H.Kerridgeand E.G.Polyakov – Kluwer Academic Publishers, vol.3/53, 1998, pp. 157-172 – „This result is probably due to the low solubility of TiCl4 [J20] which evaporates and cannot be reduced during the backward sweep.” p.161 –

J20-c5. F.Lantelme, A.Barhoun, M.Chemla, J.von Barner – Titanium, Boron and Titanium Diboride Deposition in Alkali Fluorochloride Melts – in Proc. of the 12th Int. Symp. on Molten Salts, Proceedings volume 99-41, ed. by P.S.Trulove, H.C.De Long, G.R.Stafford, S.Deki – The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ, USA, 1999, pp.612-623 – „… When the electrode is

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maintained at such a positive potential, evolution of TiCl4 occurs. According to previous studies [J20] the reaction corresponds to the Ti+4/Ti+3 couple.” – p.614.

J.19. Kaptay G., Stefanescu D.M. Theoretical Analysis of the Effect of Oxygen on the Penetration Factor in the Iron/Silica System - AFS Transactions, 1992, v. 100, pp. 707 - 712. (IF = 0) J19-c1. J.Griffin, C.E.Bates: Clean Cast Steel Technology – Final Report, University of Alabama at

Birhmingham, 1995 (Ref. No.3). – „As shown in a theoretical discussion by Kaptay and Stefanescu [J19], as the oxygen content in a Fe-C melt increases the contact angle decreases rapidly” – p.6.

J19-c2. H.Iwahori, Y.Sugiyama, Y.Awano, K.Yonekura, Y.Ueshima: Metal Penetration defects in cast iron – origins and countermeasures - Japan Foundry Eng. Soc, 1998, vol.33, No.4, pp.33-41. „ Japanese text” – p.34”

J19-c3. H.Nakae, Y.Matsuda: Influence of Atmospheric Oxygen on Burn-on of Iron Castings J.Japan Foundry Eng.Soc., 1999, v.71, 28-33 – „Stefanescu and coworker [J19] have simulated the mechanism of occurring burn-on during casting based on the relationship between the amount of oxygen dissolved in liquid iron and the contact angle” – p.28. (japánról angolra fordítva N.Shibata által).

J19-c4. H.Nakae, Y.Matsuda: Influence of Chemical Composition of Sands on Burn-on of Iron Castings – J.Japan Foundry Eng. Soc., 2000, vol.72., pp. 102-106 (ref. No. 12) „…Kaptay… [J19]…”, 102.o., “…Kaptay…[J19]…”, 105.o. japán nyelven előzőhöz hasonló tartalommal.

J19-c5. E.Báder: Contact angle and infiltration pressure relevant to fabrication of syntactic magnesium / Al2O3 foams, WTM, Germany, Dec. 2000 – Dec. 2001, 26 pp. (Ref. No. 21): “The infiltration process for fabricating ceramic reinforced metal matrix composites has already been studied by the group of Mortensen […], Garcia-Cordovilla […] and Kaptay [J19]..” pp. 11,… “… in order to avoid the infiltration ‘into the pores the pressure must be lower than the threshold pressure [J19] : {Equation is cited}..” – p. 15.

J19-c6. T.Matsushita, K.Mukai: Penetration behaviour of molten metal into porous oxides - Tetsu-to-Hagane, 2004, vol.90, pp.135 – 144 „in Japanese” – p.138

J19-c7. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – „.. ha a porózus test egyforma, szorosan pakolt gömbökből van kirakva, akkor a kritikus peremszög 50,7o [J19]” – 20.o.

J18. Gudimenko A.M., Kaptay G., Makogon V.F. Estimation of Thermodynamic Properties of Tetrachloroaluminates of Lithium, Rubidium and Caesium - Ukrainian Khim. Zh., 1992, v.58., N.4., pp. 300-305 (IF = 0)

J.17. Kaptay Gy., Deviatkin S.V., Berecz E., Sh poval V.I. Átmenetifém borid bevonatok előállítása fémeken sóolvadékok elektrolízise útján - Gépgyártástechnológia, 1991. XXXI. évf., 10. sz., 445-446 o. (IF = 0)

J.16. Kaptay G. : Estimation of excess thermodynamic functions of aluminum monochloride dissolved in alkali chloride melts - Materials Science Forum Vol. 73-75 (1991), pp. 101-108 (IF = 0) J.15. Roósz A., Kaptay G., Máté I., Teleszky I., Sólyom J., Regel L.L., Turchaninov A.M. The Ground-based Experiments of Shell Technology - Microgravity sci. technol. 1991., v.IV., issue 4., pp. 245-253 (IF = 0) J15-c1. Bárczy P.: Mikrogravitációs kutatások a Miskolci Egyetemen - BKL Kohászat, 1999., 132.

évf., 6-7. szám, 269-274 o. – „Intenzív erőfeszítések történtek a gravitációs formatöltés helyettesítése céljából a formafém felület célirányos nedvesítési viszonyainak a kialakítására is [J15].” p.269 --

J15-c2. P.Bárczy: Universal Multi-Zone Crystallizator, the ISS Oriented Hungarian Apparatus Materials Science Forum, 329-330 (2000) 219-228 – no text is given, only the reference No. 4.

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J15-c3. Bárczy P., Babcsán N., Szőke J., Bárczy T.: A miskolci űrkemence - BKL Kohászat, 2000., 133. évf., 6-7. szám, 263-268.o. – “A CSSZK-1 belsejének hőmérsékletviszonyait a Fémtani Tanszék éveken át vizsgálta, modellezte és publikálta …[J15]” p. 263.

J15-c4. P.Bárczy: Universal multizone crystallizator (UMC) – novel challenges and results – Vacuum, 61 (2001) 419-425. – “Some years later, the temperature maps inside the capsule travelling in the tube of CSSZK1 were measured and also modelled by the Institute [J15]”, p.419.

J14. Kaptay G., Berecz E. Determination of the excess thermodynamic functions of components of binary salt melts in infinitely diluted solution on the basis of the ideal associated solution model. - Chemical Papers (Chemické Zvesti), 1991., v.45., N.2., pp.145-158 (IF = 0,224 (1994-es adat) J14-c1. Török B.: Matematikai segéderőként alkalmazható programrendszer használata

’nyersvasmetallurgiai salakra felállított asszociált oldat-modell számításainál - in: Proc. of microCAD '97 International Computer Science Conference, Section B: Metallurgy, 1997. pp. 89-93. – „Előadásom metallurgiai vonatkozása egy adott összetételű nyersvasmetallurgiai salakra felállított fizikai kémiai modell, ’amely a salakrendszert ideálisan asszociált oldatként kezeli [J14]” p.89 –

J14-c2. Török Béla: A TiO2 hatása nagyolvasztói salakok néhány metallurgiai tulajdonságára, Ph.D. értekezés, 1998., 113 o. – „Számításaimhoz a Miskolci Egyetem Fizikai Kémiai Tanszékén egy korábban kidolgozott, ideálisan asszociált oldatokra készült modellt használtam fel segítségül [J14]. A modell más, kémiai jellegű kutatások alkalmával már bevált, nyersvasmetallurgiai felhasználására ez az első alkalom….” p.59. –

J14-c3. M.Z.Benkő: On the computer software for the LD converter process at the Dunaferr Works, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The heat due to complex formation was estimated by the associated model for the slag [J14].” – p. 6.

J14-c4. Yaghmaee MS, Shokri B: Modeling the formation of strong couples in high temperature liquid - JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 102 (1): Art. No. 014307 JUL 1 2007 – “The basic concept of the model of an ideally associated mixture is that the major part of interaction between the components is consumed through the formation of couples (associates) in the liquid phase [J14], while the mixture of couples and free atoms is treated as an ideal solution” – p.2, “It can be shown that the thermodynamic activity of the mmacroscopic components is equal to the mole fraction of monomers in our model [J14] – p.3. “The equilibrium constant of the formation of FeAl can be estimated from the measured activity coefficient of Al in pure liquid Fe at an infinitely dilute solution as follows [J14] (equation)” – p.3,

J.13. Kaptay G. A theory of shapeforming processes by solidification under microgravity conditions. Part I. Basic Principles. Planar liquid/solid interface. - Materials Science Forum Vol.77 (1991) pp.125-146 (IF = 0) J.12. Kaptay G., Lámer G. A theory of shapeforming processes by solidification under microgravity conditions. Part II. Melts covered by a deformable film. Solidification of Al-alloys - Materials Science Forum Vol.77 (1991) pp.147-158 (IF = 0) J.11. Kaptay G. On surface properties of molten aluminum alloys of oxidized surface - Materials Science Forum Vol.77 (1991) pp.315-330 (IF = 0) J11-c1. D.A.Weirauch, W.M.Balaba, A.J.Perrotta: Kinetics of the reactive spreading of molten

aluminum on ceramic surfaces - J.Mater.Res., vol. 10., No.3., 1995, 640-650 – „Experimental conditions in this study were chosen to avoid the severe retarding effects of the aluminium oxide film which are generally known to affect sessile drop experiments [J11]…” – p.640 –

J11-c2. Csepeli Zsolt: Irányítottan kristályosított volfrám szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozit szerkezete - PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 1997 – „A szálerősítésű kompozitok előállításához soklépcsős, nehezen automatizálható eljárásokat használnak. Az alkalmazott módszer egyik legnagyobb problémája az optimális nedvesítés biztosítása a szál és a mátrix között [J11].” – p.4.

J11-c3. J.L.Sommer: High conductivity, low cost aluminum composite for thermal management – Report sponsored by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, 1997, 57 pp. – „Kaptay suggests that molten aluminum will wet all ceramic surfaces if the oxide skin layer could be

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overcome [J11]…. Many researchers have shown that surface properties (surface tension, reactivity, etc…) of molten aluminum are more characteristic of super-cooled liquid Al2O3 than molten aluminum, particularly as the partial pressure of oxygen within the system is increased [J11]. As suggested by Kaptay, the contact angle of molten alumium on a wide range of ceramic substrates will fall below 90 degrees above approximately 950 C in low vacuum environments [J11]. This transiiton temperature is most likely due to the Al2O3 reacting with the liquid aluminum forming gaseous Al2O, according to the following chemical reaction:… „ – p.23.

J11-c4. Csepeli Zs., Sólyom B., Gácsi Z., Buza G., Teleszky I., Kovács Á.: Részecske-és szálerősítésű fémmátrixú kompozitok előállítási lehetőségei - BKL Kohászat, 131 (1998) 41-47 – „.. a bevonatnak egyszerre kell meggátolnia a szál és a mátrix közötti diffúziót és biztosítani a bevonat és a mátrix közötti tökéletes nedvesítést [OJ11]. A két, egymásnak sokszor ellentmondó feltételnek jól megfelel a TiB2 bevonat [J11]…” p. 45. –

J11-c5. J.A.Vreeling, V.Ocelik, Y.T.Pei, D.T.L.van Agterveld, J.T.M. de Hosson: Laser Melt Injection in Aluminum Aloys: on the Role of the Oxide Skin – Acta mater. 48 (2000) 4233 – „The oxide layer on molten Al has a substantial influence on the wetting behavior of ceramic particles with liquid Al [J11]….. For instance, at lower temperatures (640-850 oC), the contact angle between an SiC particle and the Al melt is about 130o, while at higher temperatures (>1100 oC) the contact angle is decreased to about 50o [OJ11].” – p.4225, „…the ex-situ experiments underline the behavior of this oxide skin as a function of temperature [J11] – {18 sor magyarázat a cikkem alapján}” – p.4230.

J11-c6. S.J.Roach, H.Henein, D.C.Owens: A New Techniques to Measure Dynamically the Surface Tension, Viscosity and Density of Molten Metals – Light Metals 2001, ed. by J.L.Aujier, TMS, Warrendale, 2001, pp.1285-1291 – “The high surface activity of Al2O3 is firmly established in the literature [J11, ..]. The equilibrium constant for the formation of Al2O3 is extremely large (K = 1,3.1071). It is very difficult to reach the low oxygen partial pressure necessary to avoid formation of Al2O3 [J11]” – p. 1289.

J11-c7. K.I. Ibragimov, B.B.Alchagirov, T.M.Taova, A.M.Chochaeva, K.B.Khokonov: Surface Tension of Aluminium and its Alloys with Indium and Tin -–Trans. JWRI (Joining and Welding Research Institute), 2001, vol. 30., Special Issue, 323-327 – „.. to study the physicochemical properties of aluminium alloys … is a very difficult problem because of very high affinity for oxygen of liquid aluminium. To study the surface properties of Al alloys the special instruments and devices, and improvement of researching methods are required [J11].” – p.323.

J11-c8. J.A.Vreeling, V.Ocelik, Y.T.Pei, J.Th.M.de Hosson: Laser Melt Injection of SiC Particles in Al – in: „Surface Modification Technologies XIV”, ed. by T.S.Sudarshan and M.Jeandin, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, USA, 2001, pp. 619-623. – It is known from literature [J11] that the oxide layer on molten Al has a big influence on the wetting behaviour of ceramic particles with liquid Al….” - p.622. „In literature it is reported that at low temperatures (640 – 850 oC) the contact angle between the SiC particles and Al melt is about 130o, while at higher temperatures (>1100 oC) the contact angle is decreased to about 50o [J11].” – p.623.

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J11-c9. A.Vreeling: Laser Melt Injection of Ceramic Particles in Metals – PhD Thesis, University of Groningen, Holland, 2001, pp. 136., Chapter 3. – „The oxide layer on molten Al has a substantial influence on the wetting behaviour of ceramic particles with liquid Al [J11]… „ – p.34., „.. the ex-situ experiments underline the behaviour described by literature [J11]. Kaptay [J11] studied the behaviour of the oxide skin, as function of temperature. The oxide skin is present on the melt till about 850 oC. Above this temperature, chemical interactions between Al and it oxide at the interface occur, leading to the formation of gaseous sub-oxides. Consequently, the oxide gradually disappeares and the Al surface, by growing Al islands, takes over with increasing temperature. At about 1100 oC the oxide is totally removed.” – p.41., „The oxide layer has a strong influence on the wetting behaviour. The contact angle between SiC and Al with oxide skin is 130o, between SiC and Al without oxide layer 50o, i.e. when the surface of the Al melt is oxidized there is non-wetting behaviour, while for a clean surface there is wetting behaviour. Actually, the oxide skin prevents direct contact between the particle and Al liquid, at low temperatures, while when no oxide layer is present there is direct contact between the particle and Al liquid. This results in chemical interactions between the particle and Al melt that lowers the energy of particle/Al interface. The wetting behaviour is therefore improved [J11]. This explains the connection between temperature of the melt and wetting behavior. At lower temperatures (< 850 oC) of the melt, an oxide layer is present and therefore there is non-wetting behavior, while at higher temperatures of the melt (> 1100 oC), the oxide layer is disappeared, which lead to wetting behavior” – p. 50.

J11-c10. L. Moraru: Surface tension of molten AlSi 12% in ultrasonic field - Proceedings of Fourteenth International Conference on Surface Modification Technologies; 2001, Paris; France; pp. 572-574. Institute of Materials, (ISSN: 1366-5510), 2001, vol.750,

J11-c11. N.Babcsan, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer: Foamibility of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Melt – Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 2003, vol.34, pp.1-8 – „Different authors published data of surface tension of liquid aluminum and its alloys (good summary can be found in [J11])” – p.3.

J11-c12. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 - “Above 1050 oC the oxide layer of aluminum melt could transform to gaseous aluminum sub-oxides releasing from the melt [A9]: 4Al + Al2O3 = 3 Al2O” – p.20, “Different authors published data of surface tension of liquid aluminum and its alloys (good summary can be found in [J11]). ….. Kaptay [J11] extrapolated and compared the surface tension data of liquid Al2O3 with surface tension of the oxidized molten aluminum. He states, that oxygen, covering the surface of molten aluminum at relatively low temperatures is in a state of supercooled Al2O3” – p.23.

J11-c13. V.Ocelik, S.Nijman, R.van Ingen, U.Oliviera, J.Th.M. De Hosson: Laser melt injection of hard particles into Al and Ti alloys – processing, microstructure and mechanical behaviour – in: Surface Treatment VI., Computer Methods and Experimental Measurements for Surface Treatment Effects, ed. by C.A.Bubbia, J.Th.M.de Hosson, S.I.Nishida, WIT Press, 2003, pp.140-153 – “Kaptay [J11] studied the behaviour of this oxide skin, as a function of temperature and concluded that the oxide skin is present on the melt till about 850 oC and above this temperature, chemical reactions between Al and its oxide at the interface occur, leading to the formation of gaseous sub-oxides. Consequently, the oxide gradually disappears and the Al melt surface takes over with increasing temperature by growing Al islands. At about 1100 oC the oxide is totally removed, according of analysis of indirect observations [J11].” – p.144

J11-c14. J.Th.M.de Hosson, B.J.Kooi: Microstructure and properties of interfaces between dissimilar materials – in: „Handbook of Surfaces and Interfaces of Materials, vol.1., Surface and Interface Phenomena”, ed. by H.S.Nalwa, Academic Press, San Diego, 2001, Chapter 1, pp.1-113 (ref. No.246). – „The oxide layer on molten Al has a substantial influence on the wetting behaviour of ceramic particles with liquid Al [J11]. Usually the oxide skin forms an energy barrier for the particles to penetrate...” – p.77,

J11-c15. Magyar Anita: Karbon szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozitok Al/C határfelületének jellemzése – PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 2004. „Kaptay felvet egy kiemelkedő problémát, miszerint az alumínium olvadék felületét vékony oxidhártya fedi, amely valamelyest lecsökkenti a felületi feszültség értékét. Ennél azonban sokkal drasztikusabbnak ítéli az oxidhártya hatását az adhéziós energiára. Az oxidhártyát tehát valahogyan el kell távolítani. Kaptay szerint lehetséges megoldás az előzőekben kifejtett nagyvákuum + nagy hőmérséklet + kis oxigén parciális nyomás recepten kívül az, ha az alumíniumot pl. 3 t%-nyi Mg-al

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ötvözzük, amitől a tiszta alumíniumon a tömör oxidhártya szerkezete átalakul, és rajta keresztül lehetővé válik az alumínium és a kerámia valós kontaktusa [J11]” – p.27.

J11-c16. J.Th.M.deHosson, V.Ocelik, Y.Pei: Surface Engineering with lasers. Chapter 16 of the book “Surface Modification and Mechanisms – Friction, Stress and Reaction Engineering”, ed. by G.E.Totten, H.Liang, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York, 2004, pp.603-669.

J11-c17. C.Körner, M.Arnold, R.F.Singer: Metal foam stabilization by oxide network particles – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, vol.A396, pp.28-40.: “The wetting behaviour of solid materials by molten aluminium is strongly influenced by an oxide layer covering the surface of the melt [J11]. Generally this oxide layer prevents wetting of molten aluminium with Al2O3” – p.34.

J11-c18. S.J.Roach, H.Henein: A new method to dynamically measure the surface tension, viscoisty and density of melts – Metall.Mater.Trans., 2005, vol.36B, pp.667-676 – „Oxide accumulation has been known to affect the surface tension of these liquids in the presence of very low levels of oxygen [J11]” – p.667, „Kaptay stated that measurements have traditionally been performed in the presence of a layer of supercooled Al2O3 on the surface” – p.672.

J11-c19. Ricci E, Arato E, Passerone A, Costa P: Oxygen tensioactivity on liquid-metal drops – Adv. Coll. Interface Sci., 2005, vol. 117, pp. 15-32 – “Experimental work has shown clear evidence of a decrease in the contact angle of metals and oxides with a decrease in the oxygen contant of the metal [J11]” – p.16.

J11-c20. DA Weirauch: Technologically significant capillary phenomena in gigh-temperature materials processing. Examples drawn from aluminum industry – Current Opp Solid State and Mater Sci, 2005, vol.9, pp.230-240 – „The wetting transition temperature is strongly dependent ont he details of the experiment [J11]. A consequence of the dominating effect of oxide film behaviour in sessile drop experiments involving aluminium is that alloying elements that alter the nature of the oxide film are often mistakenly concluded to alter wetting behaviour” – p.233, „Elements like Mg, that are claimed to be surface active in molten aluminum through their greater affinity for oxygen than aluminum, also alter the structure of the oxide film and promote penetration of refractories by aluminum [J11]” – p.234, „One must therefore remain cognizant of the proximity to the 900 – 100 oC wetting transition temperature of aluminum alloys [J11]” – p.237

J11-c21. Townsend C., Henein H., Corbin S., Apte P.: Static and dynamic wettability of molten Al on Al2O3 and ZrO2 substrates – Science and Engineering of Composite Materials, 2006, vol.13, pp.65-77 – „Kaptay discussed the role of alumina on the surface properties of molten aluminium [J11]. He clearly showed that the surface tension of molten aluminium covered with alumina decreased with increasing temperature. In addition, the surface tension of molten alumina increased with decreasin gtemperature. The surface tension of aluminum covered with alumina seemed to coincide with the surface tension of molten alumina at the melting point of alumina. This suggests that at temperatures lower than the melting point of alumina, the surface tension of aluminium is influenced by that of alumina. Furthermore it was suggested that the increased thermodynamic stability of Al2O gas with increasing temperature contributes to the reduced surface tension of aluminum.” – p. 71.

J11-c22. Giuranno D, Ricci E, Arato E, Costa P.: Dynamic surface tension measurements of an aluminium-oxygen system - ACTA MATERIALIA 54 (10): 2625-2630 JUN 2006 – “The value of surface tension of ‘pure aluminium’ is affected by a large scatter. Review papers [.. J11..] indicate values in the range of 850 – 1050 N/m at temperatures close to the melting point.” – p.2626.

J11-c23. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart: Metal Foams – towards high-temperature colloid chemistry – Chapter 11 in: „Colloidal particles at Liquid Interfaces, ed. By B.P.Binks, T.S.Horozov, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.445-499 – „Various authors have published surface tension data of liquid aluminium and its alloys. … A good overview can be found in [J11].” – p.462.

J11-c24. L.Bonaccorsi, E.Proverbio, N.Rafaelle: Microstructural investigation of interface phenomena during PM billets foaming in hollow metal profiles. In: METFOAM-2007, ed. by L.P.Lefebre, J.Banhart, D.C.Dunand, DEStech Publ. Inc, 2008, pp.87-90. – It is known that molten unoxidized aluminium has a high surface tension so that it can wet any solid material [J11]. The oxide layer which normally cover the aluminium reduces a lot the surface energy so the contact angle, a measure of wetting capability of a liquid on a surface, is typically around 160o, a value that display the non-wetting of solids by molten oxidized aluminium [J11].” – p. 88.

J11-c25. Davis JL, Mendez PF: Wrinkling phenomena to explain vertical fold defects in DC-cast Al-Mg4.5 - LIGHT METALS 2008, ed. by DeYoung DH, TMS, 2008, pp. 733-748. –„This is

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consistent with the classic oxidation literature for molten aluminium as described by [J11]” – p.737.

J11-c26. A.V.Biakova, V.P.Krasovskii, A.O.Dudnik, S.V.Gniloskurenko, A.I.Sirko: O roli smachivaemosti I raspredeleniia tviordich chastic v stabilizacii vspenennich aliuminievich rasplavov – Adgeziia rasplavov I paika materialov, 2009, vip.42, pp.5-22. – “Bolshinstvo opublikovannich v literaturedannich (naibolee polno predstavleno v obzore [J11]) po poverhnostnomu natiazheniu binarnich I mnogokomponentnich aliuminievich rasplavov otnositsia k oblasti temperature, namnogo previshaiushich temperature vspenivaniia. Na tochnost rezultatov okazivaiut vliianie plionki Al2O3, prisutstvuiushie na poverhnosti zhidkogo aliuminia.” – p.8.

J11-c27. H.Görner: Removal of dissolved elements in aluminium by infiltration – PhD Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 2009 (supervisor: TA Engh). – “Elements like Mg alter the structure of the oxide film and promote penetration of refractories by aluminium [J11]”. – p.13. “The wetting transition temperature is stronglz dependent on the details of the experiment (thickness of oxide film, temperature, local oxzgen partial pressure) [J11]” – p.67.

J11-c28. L.Bonaccorsi, E.Proverbio, N.Raffaele: Effect of interface bonding on the mechanical response of aluminium foam reinforced steel tubes – J Mater Si, 2010, vol.45, pp.1514-1522 – “The chemical reaction can occur if liquid aluminium wets the metal case, but the pre-existing oxide film covering the precursors and the enhanced foam oxidation during the heat treatment in air do not allow any sort of chemical bonding at the foam-tube interface [J11]” – p.1517.

J11-c29. A.Ott: Oberflachen modification von Aluminium legierungen mit Laserstrahlung. Dissertation Uni-Stuttgart (prof. H. H-gel), Herbert Utz Verlag, 2010.

J11-c30. V. Ocelik, J.Th.M. De Hosson: Laser melt injection of ceramic particles in metals: processing, microstructure and properties – Int J Microstr Mater Process, 2010, vol.5, pp.116-163.

J.10. Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Vetyukov M.M., Karimov M.I., Kaptay G., Shkuryakov N.P. Study of wetting of refractory compounds and composites by cryolite/alumina melt and molten aluminum (in Russian) - Tsvetn. Met. (Moscow), 199I, (2), 4I-3 (IF = 0) J10-c1: R.P.Pawlek: Recent developments of aluminium wettable cathodes for the Primary aluminium

industry, part II. – ALUMINIUM, 72. Jarhgang, 1996 – ½, pp. 35-41 – “Borisoglebskii et al. also examined the possibility of using aluminium wettable refractories in aluminium smelting….Then they examined [J10] how liquid aluminium wets graphite, titanium nitride, and composites of TiN – TiC - TiB2, TiB2 – TiC compounds and TiB2 coatings showed the best resistance….” P.36 –

J10-c2. Vedernikov G.F.: Inertnie katodi v elektroliziorach dlia proizvodstva aliuminia. Problemi i perspektivi. AO VAMI, Informacionnii listok, No.10, April 2001. – „Issledovali, kakim obrazom zhidkii aluminii smachivaet grafit, nitrid titana, i kompozicionnie materiali TiN-TiC i TiB2 – TiC, i ustanovili, sto pokritie TiB2 okazalos naibolee stoikim [J10]” – p. 9.

J.9. Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Akhmedov S.N., Kaptay G., Vetyukov M.M., Dzambo P., Ratner A.Kh. Stability of metal-like refractory compounds in chloride melts (in Russian) - Tsvetn. Met. (Moscow), 1990, (6), 60-63 (IF = 0) J.8. Kaptay G. Kémiai reakciók vizsgálata klóraluminát olvadékban - BKL Kohászat, 123., 1990., 2. szám, 88-91. o. (IF = 0) J.7. Kaptay G., Borisoglebskii Yu.V. Evaluation of limiting activity coefficients of aluminum subchloride in chloro-aluminate melts (in Russian) - Rasplavy, 1990, (1), 42-47 (IF = 0) J.6. Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Kaptay G., Vetyukov M.M., Gorlanov E.S. Solubility of aluminum in chloro-aluminate melts (in Russian) - Tsvetn. Met (Moscow), 1989, (12), 53-6 (IF = 0)

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J.5. Kaptay G., Akhmedov S.N., Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Zalite I. Thermodynamic properties of metal-like refractory compounds and their intermetallides with aluminum (in Russian) - Latv. PSR Zinat. Akad. Vestis, Kim. Ser. 1989, (2), 174-81 (IF = 0) J5-c1. G.Balducci, A.Ciccioli, G.Gigli, D.Gozzi, U.Anselmi-Tamburini: Thermodynamic Study of

Intermetallic Phases in the Hf-Al System – J. of Alloys and Compounds, 1995, vol.220., pp.117-121 – „In the event of any experiental data for the Hf-Al system not being available …. the estimated S298

o values for HfAl3(s) and HfAl2(s) [J5] were utilized….. Finally, the entropy values S298

o for Hf2Al3(s), Hf5Al4(s) and HfAl(s) were interpolated from the estimated values for HfAl3(s), HfAl2(s) and Hf2Al(s) [J5]” p.119.

J5-c2. Magyar Anita: Karbon szállal erősített alumínium mátrixú kompozitok Al/C határfelületének jellemzése – PhD értekezés, Miskolc, 2004. „Amennyiben az Al3Zr képződési szabadentalpia értékét [J5]-ből veszem, a szabadentalpia változásra pozitív értéket kapok” – 37.o., „Következésképpen a határfelületen nagyobb valószínűséggel képződik TiC” [OJ5] – 39.o.

J5-c3. Kálazi Z. (Buza G.): Alumínium lézersugaras felületötvözése – PhD szemináriumi beszámoló, 2008. december 9., Miskolci Egyetem, 22 oldal. – „Az Al3Nb képződési entalpiája -118,8 kJ/mol [J5]” – 8. o.

J.4. Ratner A.Kh., Kaptay G. Evaluation of thermodynamic properties of molten aluminum trifluoride (in Russian) - in : Trudi VAMI, "Povysh. Effektiv. i Nadezh. Raboty Alyum. Elektrolizerov", Leningrad, 1988, 103-6 (IF = 0) J.3. Kaptay G., Akhmedov S.N., Borisoglebskii Yu.V. Thermodynamic evaluation of the reactions of metal-like refractory compounds with molten aluminum (in Russian) - Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Tsvetn. Metall. 1988, (6), 70-7 (IF = 0) J3-c1. Karimov M.I.: Development of refractory composite materials for cathodic materials to be used

in Aluminum electrolysis cells (in Russian). PhD Thesis, Leningrad, 1989, 274 p. (reference No 171)

J3-c2. Duschanek, P.Rogl : The Al-B (aluminum-boron) system – J. Phase Equilibria and Diffusion, 1994, vol15, pp. 543-552 – „Thermodynamic data have been established by various reseacrh gropus [J3].... The coefficients for specific heat are: .... [J3]...” – p. 550, „In table 6 the entropy of αAlB12 = 88.4 J/molK [J3]”.

J3-c3. Csepeli Zs., Sólyom B., Gácsi Z., Buza G., Teleszky I., Kovács Á.: Részecske- és szálerősítésű fémmátrixú kompozitok előállítási lehetőségei - BKL Kohászat, 131 (1998) 41-47 – „.. a bevonatnak egyszerre kell meggátolnia a szál és a mátrix közötti diffúziót és biztosítani a bevonat és a mátrix közötti tökéletes nedvesítést. A két, egymásnak sokszor ellentmondó feltételnek jól megfelel a TiB2 bevonat [J3]…” p. 45. –

J3-c4. R.P.Pawlek: Recent developments of aluminium wettable cathodes for the primary aluminium industry, part II. – ALUMINIUM, 72. Jarhgang, 1996 – ½, pp. 35-41 – “Borisoglebskii et al. also examined the possibility of using aluminium wettable refractories in aluminium smelting. First they studied the published themodynamic data so as to calculate the equilibrium constants for reactions of transition metal borides, nitrides and carbides with molten aluminium [J3].” p.36 –

J3-c5. Vedernikov G.F.: Inertnie katodi v elektroliziorach dlia proizvodstva aliuminia. Problemi i perspektivi. AO VAMI, Informacionnii listok, No.10, April 2001.(ref.No.53) – „Borisoglebskii Yu.V. i drugie obobshili opublikovannie dannie po termodinamike dlia raschota konstant ravnovesiia reakcii perehoda boridov, karbidov i nitridov metallov pri reakcii s rasplavlennim aliuminiem [J3]” – s.9.

J3-c6. Ratner A.H., Geilikman M.B., Aleksandrovski S.V., Jiang F., Li H-G., Yin Z-M.:Thermodynamic calculation on metallic thermoreduction during preparation of aluminum-rare master alloys – Trans. Nonferrous Met.Soc.China, 2001, vol.11, 18-21 „The procedures of estimating the standard formation enthalpy of Al3Sc is as follows: 1) estimate standard formation enthalpy of Al3Sc (-168 kJ/mol) by variation regularities of standard fromation enthalpies of transition metal trialuminides of subgroup IV – VI reported by Ref.[OJ3]…..the estimated Gibbs energy formation energy of Al3Sc at eutectic temperature is –138 kJ/mol, which is very near to the average values in Refs. [J3]. ” – p.19, „inTable 1, the value of standard heat of formation of NbB2 = -175 kJ/mol [J3]” – p.20.

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J3-c7. B.Liu, J.H.Edgar, Z.Gu, D.Zhuang, B.Raghothamachar, M.Dudley, A.Sarua, M.Kuball, H.M.Meyer III.: The Durability of Various Crucible Materials for Aluminum Nitride Crystal Growth by Sublimation - MRS Internet J. Nitride Semicond. Res. 9, 6(2004) – „From calculation [J3], the relative tendencies of these compounds to react with molten Al were HfC < TaC < NbC < TiC < WC, and TaN< TiN.”

J3-c8. B.Predel: Landolt Börstein – Group IV Physical Chemistry, vol. 12A, supplement to subvolume IV/5a – Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006.

J.2. Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Kaptay G., Vetyukov M.M., Boborin S.V. Durability of composite electrodes to be used in electrolythic deposition of aluminum from chloroaluminate melts (in Russian) - Tsvetn. Met. (Moscow), 1988, (10), 72-5 (IF = 0) J.1. Kaptay G., Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Vetyukov M.M. Equilibrium in the system molten aluminum/chloroaluminate melt (in Russian) - Tsvetn. Met. (Moscow) 1988, (2), 40-1 (IF = 0)

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B. Books and books chapters B6. G.Kaptay, G.Vermes: Interfacial forces: classification, Encyclopedia of Surface and Colloid Science, Taylor & Francis, 2009, pp.1-19, DOI: 10.1081/E-ESCS-120044936 B5. Kaptay Gy. Fémmátrixú kerámia kompozitok – 3.1. fejezet in: Műszaki felülettudomány és orvosbiológiai alkalmazásai, szerk: Bertóti I., Marosi Gy., Tóth A., B+V Lap- és Könyvkiadó Kft, Budapest, 2003, 47-59 o. B5-c1. Csanády Andrásné, Hargitai Hajnalka, Konczos Géza: Kompozitok – nanokompozitok – 2.1.

fejezet in: Bevezetés a nanoszerkezetű anyagok világába (Csanády Andrásné, Kálmán Erika, Konczos Géza, szerk), MTA, ELTE Eötvös Kiadó, 2009, 45.o.

B4. Kaptay Gy. Határfelületek energiaviszonyai és alapvető jelenségei – 2.2. fejezet in: Műszaki felülettudomány és orvosbiológiai alkalmazásai, szerk: Bertóti I., Marosi Gy., Tóth A., B+V Lap- és Könyvkiadó Kft, Budapest, 2003, 22-46 o. B3. Fizikai-kémiai laboratóriumi gyakorlatok. Szerkesztette dr. Báder Imre. Szerző: dr Báder Imre, Báder Enikő, Bolyán László, Dr. Bedő Zsuzsa, Csoma Gáborné, dr. Emmer János, dr. Kaptay György, dr. Lakatos István, dr. Lengyel Attiláné, dr. Raisz Iván, dr. Török Tamás. Miskolci Egyetemi Kiadó, 1998. (saját fejezet: Fémolvadék korróziós hatásának vizsgálata határfelületi jellemzők alapján. 2.4. Laboratóriumi gyakorlat, 16-20. o.) B2. G. Kaptay, E.Berecz: Electrochemical Synthesis from Molten Salts: an Application of Chemical Thermodynamics to the Synthesis of Refractory Compounds - published as Chapter 11 in: „Chemical Thermodynamics - A ‘Chemistry for the 21st Century’ monograph”, edited by Trevor Letcher, published by Blackwell Science, 1999, pp. 135-144. B2-c1. A.S.Uzdenova: Elektrochimicseskoe vosstanovlenie i sintez soedinenii gadoliniia, bora i

aluminiia v galogenidnich rasplavach – Dissertacia na soiskanie uchionoi stepeni kandidata khimicheskich nauk, Nalchik, 2000, 313 pp.: „..Raschot diagrammi elektrokhimicheskogo sinteza provodili po uravneniiu, privedionnomu v rabote [B2]…”, 104. o.

B2-c2. H.B.Kushov, A.S.Uzdenova, M.K.Vindizheva, A.V.Zimin: Study of joint electroreduction of complex gadolinium (or lanthanum) ions with tetrafluoroborate-ions in halide melts – Advances in Molten Salts, 2000., vol.1., pp. 291-297 „…calculation of the electrochemical synthesis diagrams were performed by us for the Gd-B system [..]. These calculations are performed based on the principle worked out in [B2]…” – p.295.

B2-c3. H.B.Kushov, A.S.Uzdenova, M.K.Vindizheva, M.L.Balkizova: Study of joint electroreduction of complex gadolinium, lanthanum, and fluroaluminate ions in halide melts – Advances in Molten Salts, 2000., vol.1., pp. 285-290. „..First, calculation of equilibrium electrochemical synthesis diagrams were performed by us for the Gd-Al system [… ]. These calculations are performed based on the principle worked out in [B2]..” – p.288.

B2-c4. S.V. Devyatkin: Influence of different conditions of electrochemical synthesis on the structure of the deposited refractory compound coatings, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “.. This is characteristic to electrochemical synthesis of tantalum diboride. In this case the layered type of coating structure has been obtained (see Fig. 3) […]. The formation of this structure has been theoretically explained […] using the Equilibrium Electrochemical Synthesis (EES) Diagrams [B2]” – p. 3.

B2-c5. J. Sytchev, H. Kushkhov: Voltammetric Investigation of the Reduction Processes of Nickel, Cobalt, and Iron Ions in Chloride and Chloro-Fluoride Melts, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “High-temperature electrochemical synthesis from molten salts is a very perspective way to produce compounds of high purity, including borides [B2…]”, p.1.

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B2-c6. H.B.Kushkhov, M.K.Vinizheva, A.S.Uzdenova, Z.A.Zhanikaeva: Joint electroreduction of lanthanum, gadolinium and boron in chloride melts – Electrochemical Society Proceedings vol.2002-19, pp.616-621 – “The calculation of the electrochemical synthesis diagram for the La-B system has been carried out based on the principle worked out in [B2]” – p.618.

B2-c7. V.V.Malyshev, High-temperature electrosynthesis of metal-like refractory compounds of group IV-VI metals in ionic melts – Russian J Inorg Chem, 2003, vol.48, pp.142-148 – “Earlier reviews systematized information concerning electrosynthesis of refractory metal borides and methods of electrochemical and nonelectrochemical boronizing. So-called equilibrium electrochemical synthesis diagrams [B2] were used to evaulate the possibility of the formation of the borides..” – p.144.

B2-c8. Kh.B.Khushkhov, M.K.Vinidzheva, A.S.Uzdenova, Z.A.Zhanikaeva: Joint electroreduction of lanthanum, gadolinium and boron in halide melts – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.275-280 – “…These calculations are performed based on the principle worked out in [B2]” – p.278

B2-c9. V.V.Malishev: Visokotemperaturnii elektrochmnicheskii sintez metallopodobnich tugoplavkich soedinenii metallov IV – VIA grupp v ionnich rasplavach – Zh. Neorg. Himii, 2004, vol.48, pp.187-194 – “V obzorach [..B2] sistematizirovai raboti po elektrochmicheskomu sintezu boridov tugoplavkich metallov, opisani metodi beztokovogo i elektrochmicheskogo borirovaniia. S pomoshiu ravnovesnich elektrochmicheskich diagram sinteza avtori [B2] ocenivaiut veroiatnost VES boridov 24 perehodnich metallovi predskazivaiut ich vozmozhnuiu morfologiu” – p.190.

B2-c10. V.V.Malyshev, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis in ionic melts by the onset of XXI century – Russ J. of General Chem., 2004., vol.74, pp.1139-1146 (Zh. Obshei Himii, 2004, vol.74, pp.1233-1240) – „Using „equilibrium electrochemical synthesis diagrams”, Kaptay et al [B2] assessed the probability of high-temperature electrochemical synthesis of borides of 24 transition metals and predicted their possible morphology” – p.1142.

B1. Shapoval V.I., Kaptay G., Deviatkin S.V. High-Temperature Electrochemical Synthesis of Intermetallides of Titanium in Molten Salts - published as Chapter 18. of the book: "Electrochemical Technology: Innovation and New Developments", edited by N.Masuko, T.Osaka, and Y.Ito; copublished by Kodanscha Ltd and Gordon and Breach Science Publishers S.A. in 1996 (pp. 361-378). B1-c1. F.Lantelme, A.Barhoun, A.M.Zahidi, J.H.von Barner: Titanium, boron and titanium deposition

in alkali fluorochloride melts – Plasmas & Ions, 1999, 2, 133-143 -- “..There is now some interest in the preparation of intermetallides refractory metals from electrochemical deposition at high temperature [B1]. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the reaction mechanism of the deposition process..” (p.133) –

B1-c2. N.Ene: Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry of TiB2 in molten electrolyte – Rev Roum de Chimie, 1999, vol.44, pp.643-650. – „The equilibrium potential needed for the synthesis to occur is given by the equation [B1]: {equation cited}” – p.648

B1-c3. R.Krendelsberger, M.F.Souto, J.Sytchev, J.O.Besenhard, G.Fafilek, H.Kronberger, G.E.Nauer: Texture effects in TiB2 coatings electrodeposited from a NaCl-KCl-K2TiF6-NaF-NaBF4 melt at 700 oC – J. Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol. 39B, No.1-2, pp.269-274 – „The electrodeposition of titanium and boron from high-temperature molten salt electrolytes seems a much more intersting approach, with lower energy consumption, lower level of impurities, and a more precise stoichiometry of the product [B1]” – p.270.

B1-c4. T.P. Jose, L. Sundar, L.J. Berchmans, A. Visuvasam and S. Angappan: Eectrochemical Synthesis and characterization of BaB6 from molten melt - Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, 2009, vol. 45 B, No.1, pp. 101 – 109. - The joint deposition of boron and barium in molten salts is explained by the so called ‘Unstable stoichiometric way’ [B1] called ‘kinetic regime’ in the Russian literature. This will appear if the deposition potentials of boron and the second component of the boride, i.e. the metal component (MC) on inert cathodes are too far from each other. Barium is found to be more electronegative than boron, so the depolarization of metal deposition should be taken into account. i.e. the condition is as follows: …… when the above condition is fulfilled, first the macroscopic layer of one of the components will be deposited on the cathode and the formation of boride will take place during depositing the second component on this layer with depolarization. In this case the synthesis of boride is

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possible only above the limiting current density of the more electropositive component. Hence, the composition of the boride phase will strongly depend on the concentration of the ions of the more electropositive component in the melt i.e., boron concentration. It also depends on the actual cathodic current density. It has been reported that during the crystal deposition, both the composition of the melt and the effective cathode surface area will continuously change, hence, the final composition of the boride will also be changed. This mechanism has been reported as ‘unstable stoichiometry way’ [B1].

B1-c5. JRA Godinho: Optimization of TiB2 coatings electrodepisted from halide melts – Master dissertation in Chemistry, April 2008, 70 pp. – “The model proposed by Kaptay does not assume any specific complex structure for the active species in solutiuon. It is instead based on adatom-adatom interaction at the surface [B1]” – p.19.

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E. Books and-or journal issues, edited

E6. N.Eustathopoulos, G.Kaptay, P.Nikolopoulos, A.Paserone: Guest Editors’ Editorial: HTC-2009 – J Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.1977-1978. Special issue of 6th HTC: 2010, vol.45, No.8, pp. 1977-2245 E5. G.Kaptay (guest editor): Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, No.1-2, special issue „Electrodeposition and Electrochemical Synthesis from Ionic Liquids and Molten Salts”, 405 pp, Editorial (pp.1-2), Available at www.tf.bor.ac.yu/jmm.htm (go to Section B: Metallurgy, and to 39(1)B(2003)1-405) E4. Kaptay Gy. (szerkesztő) - Miskolci Egyetem, Doktoranduszok Fóruma 2002. november 6. - Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolci Egyetem, 2003, 77 oldal. E3. Kaptay Gy. (szerkesztő) - Miskolci Egyetem, Doktoranduszok Fóruma 2001. november 6. - Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolci Egyetem, 2003, 71 oldal. E2. G.Kaptay (guest editor): Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), July 2001, 110 pp. E1. Kaptay Gy. (szerkesztő) - Miskolci Egyetem, Doktoranduszok Fóruma 2000. október 30. - Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolci Egyetem, 2001, 67 oldal.

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JP. Journal papers on non-scientific issues (politics)

JP14. Kaptay Gy., Krállics Gy.: Bemutatkozik a BAY-NANO kutatóintézet. Van-e perspektívája a nanotechnológiának az acélok gyártásában? – ISD Dunaferr Műszaki Gazdasági Közlemények, 2007, XLVII. évf, 3. szám, 111-116. o. JP.13. Kaptay Gy.: (megjelent „Anonymus Kohászoktató” szerzői álnéven): Meddig él egy cikkünk? - BKL Kohászat, 2006, 139. évf., 3. szám, 13-18 o. JP12. G.Kaptay: Book review for V.L.Cherginets, Oxoacidity: Reactions of Oxo-Compounds in Ionic Solvents, vol.41 of the Series Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics, edited by N.J.B.Green, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2005 - Electrochimica Acta, 2006, vol.51, pp.3181-3182 JP11. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkő M.: A kohászati és anyagmérnöki felsőoktatás jövője a bolognai folyamatra való áttérés után – BKL Kohászat, 2006., 139. évf., 1. szám, 6-11 JP.10. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkő M.: A történelmi Kohómérnöki Kar szervezeti átalakítása és új képzési struktúrája – DUNAFERR Műszaki Gazdasági Közlemények, 2004., 4. szám, 281-287. JP.9. Átalakulások az Anyag és Kohómérnöki Karon – dr. Kaptay György dékánnak az OMBKE 93. Küldöttgyűlésén elhangzott tájékoztatója – Bányászati és Kohászati Lapok, 2004, 137. évfolyam, 4. szám, 37-38. o. JP.8. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkő M., Tóth L., Károly Gy.: Beszámoló az Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Karon történtekről a 2000. július 1. és 2003. október 15. közötti időszakban, avagy konszolidáció és újabb válságmenedzselés – BKL Kohászat, 2003., 136. évf., 3. szám, 113-120. oldal JP.7. G.Kaptay: On the activity of the LIMOS R&D Group in the field of Materials Science – Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), July, 2001. JP.6. Kaptay G., Z.M.Benkő: The new educational structure of the branch of metallurgical engineering at the University of Miskolc – Materials’ World (e-journal with ISSN 1586-0140, accessible at: http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu), October, 2000. JP.5. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkő M., Tóth L., Roósz A.: Beszámoló a karon 1999. júliusa és 2000. júniusa között történtekről (A Kohómérnöki Kar utolsó félévének és az Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Kar első félévének fontosabb történéseiről) – BKL Kohászat, 2000., 133. évfolyam, 6-7. szám, 221-229. o. JP.4. Kaptay Gy.: Rövid tájékoztató a TMS (AIME) 129., éves konferenciájáról – BKL Kohászat, 2000., 133. évfolyam, 3. szám, 118.o. JP.3. Kaptay Gy.: Anyagfajták csoportosítása, avagy mi van a tetraéder csúcsában? A II. Országos anyagtudományi, anyagvizsgálati és anyaginformatikai konferencia és kiállítás (II.OAAAKK) emblémájának egyik lehetséges értelmezése. BKL Kohászat, 1999., 132. évf., 420.o.

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JP.2. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkő M., Tóth L.: A Kohómérnöki Kar oktatási stratégiája - BKL Kohászat, 1999., 132. évf., 6-7. szám, 228-235 o. JP.1. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkő Mária, Tóth L., Roósz A.: A Kohómérnöki Kar átalakítása - az új menedzsment első nyolc hónapja. BKL Kohászat, 1999., 132. évf., 6-7. szám, 222-227 o.

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P. Proceedings papers P.115. AA Simonova, G.Kaptay, NV Verezub: Opredelenie oblasti racionalnich uslovii lezviinoi obrabotki submikrokristallicheskich metallov – Vestnik Nac. Tech. Uni HPI, 53/2010, pp.114-121. P.114. N.V.Verezub, G.Kaptay, A.A.Simonova: The management of surface quality of metal with nano and submicron crystalline structure during machining – „Suchasni Technologii v mashinobuduvanii – NTU, Harkiv, 2010, pp.244-249. P.113. N.V.Verezub, G.Kaptay, A.A.Simonova: Metodology of mechanical processes of machining bulk nano-crtystal materials (in Russian) – „Suchasni Technologii v mashinobuduvanii – NTU, Harkiv, 2008, pp.19-26. P112. J.Sytchev, N.Borisenko, H.B.Kushkhov, G.Kaptay: On the temperature dependence of lithium intercalation into graphite as the first step of carbon nanotubes electrolytic production – Proc. of MS7, ed. by P.Taxil, C.Bessada, M.Cassir, M.Gaune-Escard, vol.1, 2005, pp.237-240. P111. Budai I., Babcsán N., Kaptay Gy.: Alumíniumalapú kompozit-olvadék viszkozitásmérésének problematikája és fejlesztése a Stokes módszer alapján – Tavaszi Szél konferencia kiadványa, 2005, pp.48-51

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P110. P.Baumli, J.Sytchev, Zs.H.Göndör, G.Kaptay: Interaction of a titanium-containing melt with SiO2 and Al2O3 – Proceedings of EUCHEM 2004 Molten Salts Conference, ed. by J.Kazmierczak and G.Zabinska-Olszak, Wroclaw, 2004, pp.122-127 P109. G.Kaptay: Role of Interfacial Phenomena in Processing Metal-Matrix Composite Materials – Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Light Metals and Composite Materials, published by the Association of Metallurgical Engineers SCG, 2004, pp.81-84 P108. I.Budai, M.Z.Benkő, G.Kaptay: Comparison of theoretical models, describing the concentration dependence of viscosity of liquid alloys on the example of the Ag-Sb system - MICROCAD 2004 Int. Conf., Section: Materials Science, 2004, University of Miskolc, Hungary, pp.27-32. P108-c1. D.Zivkovic: Estimation of the viscosity for Ag-In and In-Sb liquid alloys using different

models – Z.Metallkunde, 2006, vol.97, pp.89-93 – „Recently, Budai et al [P108] gave a complete comparative survey on theoretical models describing the concentration dependence of viscosity of liquid alloys with the example of Ag-Sb system.” – p.89, „some of the calculation models could be in conflict with experimental points, as was already shown in different cases [P108]” – p.90.

P107. T.Bárczy, G.Kaptay: Modelling the infitlration of liquid metals into porous ceramics - MICROCAD 2004 Int. Conf., Section: Materials Science, 2004, University of Miskolc, Hungary, pp.13-17. P106. P.Baumli, J.Sytchev, Zs.H.Göndör, G.Kaptay: Study of chemical reactions between an alumina plate and titanium-containing molten salt – MICROCAD 2004 Int. Conf., Section: Chemistry, 2004, University of Miskolc, Hungary, pp.15-21. P105. G.Kaptay: An improved interfacial model of stabilzation of metallic foams by solid particles - in: “Cellular Metals: Manufacture, Properties, Application”, ed. by J.Banhart, N.A.Fleck, A.Mortensen, MIT Verlag, 2003, pp.107-112. P105-c1. V.Gergely, T.W.Clyne: Drainage in standing liquid metal foams: modelling and experimental

observations - Acta materiala, 2004, vol.52, pp.3047-3058: „Interfacial criteria for stabilisation of metallic foams by solid particles have recently been derived by Kaptay [P105]” – p.3053

P105-c2. C.Körner, M.Hirschmann, V.Brautigam, R.F.Singer: Endogenous particle Stabilization during magnesium integral foam production – Advanced Engineering materials, 2004, vol.6, No.6, pp.1-6. “It is well known, that the development of foam requires some stabilization. For metals, stabilization is realized by obstacles captured in the cell walls threby preventing further cell wall thinning. These obstacles may either be compact particles like SiC or Al2O3 particles [P105] or complex structures, like oxide fragments, which act as effective particles” – p.4.

P105-c3. C.Körner, M.Arnold, R.F.Singer: Metal foam stabilization by oxide network particles – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, vol.A396, pp.28-40.: “Further progress to explain foam stability was made by Kaptay [P105]. He uses a model of a 3D network of solid, spherical particles to explain force transfer between two interfaces and in this way stability” – p.28.

P105-c4. Bryant JD, Wilhelmy D, Kallivayalil J, Wang W: Development of aluminum foam processes and products - ALUMINIUM ALLOYS 2006, PTS 1 AND 2 MATERIALS SCIENCE FORUM 519-521: 1193-1200, Part 1-2 2006 – “.. the prior particle boundaries (and in some cases residual solid phases) can be used to provide stabilization [P105]” – p.1194.

P105-c5. C.Körner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Physical and Technological Principles – Habilitation Thesis, Erlangen, 2006 – “Kaptay was the first who realized that stabilization for

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these kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other [P105].” – p.108.

P105-c6. C.Körner: Foam formation mechanism in particle suspensions applied to metallic foams – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.227-235 – “Further progress to explain foam stability was made by Kaptay [P105] who uses a model of a three-dimensional network of solid, spherical particles to explain force transfer between two interfaces and in this way stability” – p.228.

P105-c7. A.Dudka, F.Garcia-Moreno, N.Wanderka, J.Banhart: Structure and distribution of oxides in aluminium foam – Acta Mater, 2008, vol.56, pp.3990-4001. – „Two theories are mainly considered: i) the increase of local viscosity to an extent that the flow of liquid is blocked, and ii). stabilization of films through oxide agglomerations or networks acting as surface active particles and inducing a particle-based stabilization mechanism similar to the one proposed for other foaming routes [P105]” – p.3990.

P105-c8. C.Koerner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Springer, 2008, 224 pp. – „ Kaptay [P105] was the first who realized, that stabilization for this kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other” – p. 100.

P104. R.Krendelsberger, A.Pascual, M.F.Souto, J.Sytchev, G.E.Nauer, G.Kaptay: Textures of TiB2 coatings from molten salts – Proc. of Int. Symp. On Ionic Liquids in Honour of Marcelle Gaune-Escard, France, 26-28 June 2003, pp.95-103 P103. G.Kaptay: Classification of interfacial forces, acting on solid particles in technologies of advanced metallic materials – in: Proc. of Int. Conf. „Advanced Metallic Materials”, ed. by J.Jerz, P.Sebo, M.Zemankova, IMMM, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 2003, pp. 135-140. P103-c1. C.Körner, M.Arnold, R.F.Singer: Metal foam stabilization by oxide network particles –

Mater. Sci. Eng., 2005, vol.A396, pp.28-40: “It is generally accepted that foamability is intimately correlated with the presence of particles [P103]” – p.28.

P103-c2. C.Körner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Physical and Technological Principles – Habilitation Thesis, Erlangen, 2006 – “Kaptay was the first who realized that stabilization for these kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other [P103].” – p.108.

P103-c3. C.Körner: Foam formation mechanism in particle suspensions applied to metallic foams – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.227-235 – “Now it is generally accepted that foamibility of metals is intimately correlated with the presence of particles [P103]. – p.227.

P103-c4. C.Koerner: Integral Foam Molding of Light Metals – Springer, 2008, 224 pp. – „ Kaptay [P103] was the first who realized, that stabilization for this kind of particles is based on the development of 3D network structures which transfer forces from one interface to the other” – p. 100.

P102. O.N.Verezub, Z.Kálazi, G.Buza, P.Boross, B.Verő, G.Kaptay: Surface Metal Matrix Composite Fe-Ti-C/TiC Layers Produced by Laser Melt Injection Technology – in: Proc. of Int. Conf. „Advanced Metallic Materials”, ed. by J.Jerz, P.Sebo, M.Zemankova, IMMM, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 2003, pp. 297-300. P101. D.Zivkovic, G.Kaptay: A new approach to estimate viscosity of ternary liquid metallic alloys – Proceedings of the 35th International October Conference on Mining and Metallurgy, ed. by R.V.Pantivic, University of Belgrade, Serbia & Montenegro, 2003, pp. 276-282 P100. O.N.Verezub, A.I.Grabchenko, P.Boross, Z.Kálazi, B.Verő, G.Kaptay: Ulushshenie poverhnostnogo sloia nizkolegirovannich instrrumentalnich materialov s pomoshiu lazernoi tviordotelnoi implantacii – Vestnik Nacionalnogo technicheskogo Universiteta HPI, 2003, tom 1., No.8, pp.7-16.

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P99. Bárczy T., Kaptay Gy.: Az infiltráció elméleti alapjai – Fiatal Műszakiak Tudományos Ülésszaka VIII., Erdélyi Múzeum Egyesület kiadványa, Kolozsvár, Románia, 2003., pp. 205-210 P98 O.Verezub, P.Boross, Z.Kálazi, B.Verő, A.Grabchenko, G.Kaptay: Possibilities to Obtain W-alloyed, TiC-reinforced Composite Surface Layers on Carbon Steels by Laser Melt Injection. A theoretical Analysis. Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Metallurgy, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 59-64. P97. A.Borsik, Cs.Varga, G.Kaptay: A Software for Determining Surface Tension of Liquid Metals from the Shape of a Sessile Drop - Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Metallurgy, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 53-58. P96. G.Kaptay: A New Equation to Estimate the Concentration Dependence of the Viscosity of Liquid Metallic Alloys from the Heat of Mixing Data - Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Metallurgy, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 23-28. P96-c1. D.Zivkovic, D.Manasijevic: An optimal method to calculate the viscosity of simple liquid

ternary alloys from the measured binary data – Calphad, 2005, vol.29, pp.312-316 – „Different models have been developed to describe the viscosity of multicomponent alloys [P96]”, „The second group of models is derived regarding the activation energy of an alloy, the enthalpy of mixing and a correction associated with mixing of unlike atoms not involving an arbitrary parameter [P96]” – p.312

P96-c2. D.Zivkovic: Estimation of the viscosity for Ag-In and In-Sb liquid alloys using different models – Z.Metallkunde, 2006, vol.97, pp.89-93 - „This paper presents the results of viscoisty estimation for the Ag-In and In-Sb liqiud allos, using ….the Kaptay model [P96]…. The Kaptay equation [P96] was developed ….. ((11 lines + 1 equation))” – pp.90-91. „For the Ag-In alloys … the experimental literature data are in excellent agreement with the calculated results according to the Kaptay model at both investigated temperatures” – p.91. „The model due to Kaptay describe the character of the experimental data correctly at all investigated temperatures for both explored systems: - p.92.

P96-c3. Brillo J, Brooks R, Egry I, Quested P: Viscosity measurement of liquid ternary Cu-Ni-Fe alloys by an oscillating cup viscometer and comparison with models - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 98 (6): 457-462 JUN 2007 – Abstract: „Close agreement of the experimental results was found with the predictions of two models by Kaptay and Hirai” p.457. „For this work we consider the following models:… the Kaptay-equation [P96]…” – p.457. „The Kaptay equation [P96] relates the activation energy to the enthalpy of mixing by introducing a semiempirical parameter, which has been estimated from the properties of pure metals: Eq.(6)” – p.458. As shown in Fig.7 the … Kaptay model, Eq.(6) agree well with the experimental data….. The best agreement is found for the Kaptay equation, which fits to the data very closely” – p.461. Conclusions: „…At constant temperature, the experimental results were compared to several models and those of Kaptay and Hirai gave the closest agreement” – p.462.

P96-c4. D.Zivkovic: Application of the Kaptay model in calculation of ternary liquid alloys viscosities – Int J Mat Res, 2008, vol.99, pp.748-750 – „Conclusions: The equation derived by Kaptay [P96] to extrapolate the dynamic viscosity of pure liquid metals to the viscosity of liquid metallic alloys has been applied and tested on ternary Au – Ag - Cu system. Calculates values have been compared with literature data and good agreement was found” – p.750.

P96-c5. D.Zivkovic: A new approach to estimate the viscosity of the ternary liquid alloys using the Budai-Benko-Kaptay equation – Metall Mater Trans B, 2008, vol.39, pp.395-398 – „The rarity and controversial character of experimentally determinded viscosity data for the multicomponent alloys has influenced development of different theoretical models to describe the composition dependence of the viscosity of liquid alloys [P96]” – p.395.

P96-c6. J.Brillo, R.Brooks, I.Egry, P.Quested: Density and viscosity of liquid ternary Al-Cu-Ag alloys - High Temperatures-High Pressures, 2008, Vol. 37, pp. 371–381 – “We find that the model of Hirai and Kaptay [P96] describe our data best” – p.373.

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P96-c7. P.Terzieff: The viscosity of liquid alloys of polyvalent metals with Cu, Ag and Au: Theoretical treatments based on the enthalpy of mixing – Physica B, 2009, vol.404, pp. 2039-2044 – The majority of the currently used viscosity models are of semi-empirical nature focused on thermodynamic quantities such as free energy of mixing [P96]” – 2039.

P96-c8. P.Terzieff: Some physico-chemical properties of liquid Ag-Sn-Zn – Physica B, Condensed Matter, 2010, vol.405, pp.2668-2672 – „From a previous analysis it has been concluded that the semi-empirical apprach based on Kaptay’s unified equation [P96] is one of the most convenient methods to gain a first idea of the viscosity of muticomponent systems, even if the viscosities of the pure liquids are unknown. The application requires the melting temperatures of the components, their molar masses, and their molar volumes. The only requirements for alloy is the knowledge of the excess volume and the enthalpy of mixing : (Eq.10)” – p.2672.

P96-c9. Gasior W, Moser Z, Debski A: New data to the SURDAT-database of modeled and experimental physical properties of lead-free solder alloys – Arch Metall Mater, 2009, vol.54, pp. 1253-1259 – „..SURDAT database … experimental … and the viscosity calculated from the dependences proposed by … Kaptay [P96] : Eq.(6)” – p.1256. “Fig.4. Experimental (symbols) and calculated (lines) viscosity (Eq-s (1, 2, 5, 6, 7) of Ag-Sn (Fig.4a) and Sn-Zn (Fig.4b) alloys” – p.1257.

P96-c10. Knott S., Terzieff P.: Calculation of the viscosity of the liquid ternary Ag-Au-Sn system – Int. J. Mater. Res., 2010, vol.101, pp.834-838. – „Several viscosity models based on thermodynamic data exist, some of them apply adjustable parameters, while others make use of universal parameters [P96] which a re considered to be applicable to a large class of alloy systems” – p.834, “The ewxpression for the viscosity, given by Budai et al. is based on Kaptay-s unified equation [P96] for pure liquid metals: Eq.(3)” – p.835.

P95. T.Bárczy, G.Kaptay: Theory of Penetration/Infiltration of Liquids into a Closely Packed, Equal Spheres (CPES) Structure - Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Materials Technology, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 1-6. P94. N.Borisenko, J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay: Deposition of Sodium from Molten Sodium Chloride on Different Cathode Materials - Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 15-20. P93. Baumli P., H.Göndör Zs., Sytchev J., Kaptay Gy.: Kerámiaszemcsék fémmel való bevonása sóolvadékból – Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 1-4. P92. M.F.Souto, I.Sytchev, A.Koepf, G.E.Nauer, G.Kaptay: Study of the Morphology of TiB2 Coatings on Molybdenium Substrate Electrodeposited from a NaCl-KCl-K2TiF6-NaBF4 Melt at 700 oC – Proc. of the Electrochemical Society, PV 2002-19, ed. by H.C.Delong, R.W.Bradshaw, M.Matsunaga, G.R.Stafford, P.S.Trulove, 2002, pp.857-862. P91. I.Sytchev, Z.H.Göndör, G.Kaptay: Electroless Coating of Non-Conducting Surfaces and Particles with Metallic Titanium from Molten Salts – Proc. of the Electrochemical Society, PV 002-19, ed. by H.C.Delong, R.W.Bradshaw, M.Matsunaga, G.R.Stafford, P.S.Trulove, 2002, pp.803-809. P90. G.Kaptay: Construction principle of complex electrochemcal synthesis (ES) diagrams on the example of the Ti-B system – Proc. of the Electrochemical Society, PV 2002-19, ed. by H.C.Delong, R.W.Bradshaw, M.Matsunaga, G.R.Stafford, P.S.Trulove, 2002, pp.700-712.

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P89. G.Kaptay: Modeling Penetration of Liquid Metals into Porous Ceramics – in: Annual Report of SVBL at KIT, Japan, No. 6, August 2002, pp.152-157. P88. Cs.Varga, A.Borsik, G.Kaptay: A method to determine density of liquid metals from photographs taken by a sessile drop method. Proc. of the microCAD 2002 Int. Sci. Conf., University of Miskolc, 2002, pp. 87-92. P87. G.Kaptay: On the excess entropy of liquid binary metallic alloys. Proceedings of 34th International October Conference on Mining and Metallurgy, ed. by Z.S.Markovic and D.T.Zivkovic, University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty of Bor, Yugoslavia, 2002, pp. 552-557. P86. G.Kaptay: On the concentration dependence of the surface tension of liquid metallic alloys. Theoretical basis - Proc. of Microcad 2002, Section: Materials Science, University of Miskolc, 2002, 45-50. P86-c1. J.Brillo, Y.Plevachuk, I.Egry: Surface tension of liquid Al-Cu-Ag ternary alloys – J Mater Sci,

2010, vol.45, pp.5150-5157 – „ A value of f = 1.06, based on a coordination number of z = 11 was suggested recently [P86]. Within the experimental error, the difference using the above value of f = 1.09 is negligible” – p.5151.

P85. J.Sytchev, Zs.H.Göndör, P.Baumli, Z.Gácsi, Á.Kovács, J.Sólyom, G.Kaptay: Coating Non-conducting particles with metallic titanium in molten salts - Proc. of Microcad 2002, Section: Chemistry, University of Miskolc, 2002, 131-136. P84. O.N.Verezub, L.Zoltai, G.Kaptay: Wettability of WC/Co/TiC ceramic substrates by liquid copper – Proc. of Microcad 2002, Section: Materials Science, University of Miskolc, 2002, 107-112. P83. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: On the Validity of the „Solubility Product” Concept - Proc. of MICROCAD 2001, Section: Chemistry, 2001, pp. 63-68 P82. Hutkainé Göndör Zs., Zambóné Benkő M., Kaptay Gy., Gál J., Szontagh E.: Új kémiai polírozó technológiai és minősítő rendszer kifejlesztése ötvözött és ötvözetlen alumínium hegesztőpálcák felületkezelésére - Proc. of MICROCAD 2001, Section: Chemistry, 2001, pp. 23-28. P81. J.Miklósi, P.Nagy, E.Kálmán, I.Sytchev, M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: Examination of Carbon Nanotubes Developed by the Electrochemical Synthesis - Proc. of MICROCAD 2001, Section: Chemistry, 2001, pp. 81-86 P80. G.Kaptay, L.Zoltai, E.Báder: A Model to Predict Adhesion Energy and Contact Angle in Si3N4 / Nonreactive Liquid Metal Systems – Proc. of MICROCAD 2001, Section: Metallurgical Science, 2001, pp. 17-22

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P79. G.Kaptay: A Generalized Stability Diagram of Production of Metallic Foams by the Melt Route – in: „Cellular Metals and Metal Foaming Technology”, ed. by J.Banhart, M.F.Ashby, N.A.Fleck, MIT, Bremen, 2001, pp. 117-122. P79-c1. N.Babcsan, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer: Foamibility of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Melt –

Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 2003, vol.34, pp.1-8 – ”The first stability map of metal foams was published by I.Jin [ ]. This map theoretically was revised by Kaptay [P79].” – p.2

P79-c2. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 – “In the middle of 90-s – thanks to H.P.Degischer, J.Banhart and G.Kaptay – science found a partnership with this challenging material {metallic foam} and some basic questions like stability of of metal foams {has been} clarified”. – p.12, “The first stability map of metal foams was published by I.Jin [..]. This map theoretically was revised by Kaptay [P79]” – p.34.

P79-c3. Babcsán N., Bárczy P.: Alumíniumhabok – BKL, Kohászat, 2003., vol.136., No.2, pp.97-101 – „A jó minőségű fémhab előállítása és a fémolvadék habosíthatóságának megértése [P79] igen összetett, az irodalomban eddig még alig tárgyalt szakterület” – 98.o.

P79-c4. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart, D.Leitlmeier: Metal foams manufacture and physics of foaming - in: Proc. of Int. Conf. „Advanced Metallic Materials”, ed. by J.Jerz, P.Sebo, M.Zemankova, IMMM, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 2003, pp. 7-15 – „The first schematic stability map giving limits for the volume content and particle size required for metal foam creation was published by I.Jin [..]. This map was interpreted by Kaptay [P79] on the basis of theoretical considerations” – p.8.

P79-c5. T.Wübben: Zur Stabilitat flüssiger Metallschaume – Universitat Bremen, Germany, 2003, 128 pp. (ref. No.70) - „In diesem Zusammenhang wird das schon erwahnte Stabilisierungsmodell von G.Kaptay ausführlich erlautert und kritisch diskutiert” – p.2, „Nach einer kurzen Beschreibung der gegenwartigen Diskussion über die Wirkungsweise von Partikeln in Metallschaumen wird schlieslich ein von Kaptay entwickeltes Modell [P79]. Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gefundenen experimentellen Resultate haben deutliche Indizien für die prinzipielle Gültigkeit dieses Modells erbracht” – p.25, „In diesem Kontext hat Kaptay [P79] ein mechanistisches Modell entwickelt, das sowohl den Einflus der Partikelkonzentration als auch des Kontaktwinkels auf die Stabilitat von Metallshaumen beschreibt. Diese Arbeit beschaftigt sich in groSen Teilen mit der Untersuchung der Gültigkeit deises Modells. Es soll daher folgenden im Detail erlautert werden” – p.30. „Mit Ausnahme von Kaptay in [P79] geben jedoch alle Autoren nur phanomenologische Erklarungen” – p.31.

P79-c6. M.Arnold, C.Körner, R.F.Singer: PM aluminium foams: stabilizing mechanisms and optimization – in: “Cellular Metals: Manufacture, Properties, Application”, ed. by J.Banhart, N.A.Fleck, A.Mortensen, MIT Verlag, 2003, pp.71-76: “Basic investigations of the mechanisms show that besides the increase of the viscosity also interfacial forces between the particles and the melt play an important role [P79]” – p.71.

P79-c7. A.R.Kennedy, S.Asavavisihchai: The effect of ceramic particle addition on foam expansion and the stability in compacted Al-TiH2 powder precursor - in: “Cellular Metals: Manufacture, Properties, Application”, ed. by J.Banhart, N.A.Fleck, A.Mortensen, MIT Verlag, 2003, pp.147-150 – “Azn additional mechanism for improving foam stability is that particles can attach to the gas/liquid interface… this can only be achieved if the particles show good wetting with the liquid metal [P79]” – p.147. “The behaviour observed correlates well with semi-empirical models of foam stabilization based on an interfacial force model [P79]” – p.149.

P79-c8. A.R.Kennedy, S.Asavavisithchai: Effect of ceramic particle additions on foam expansion and stability in compacted Al-TiH2 powder precursors - Advanced Eng. Mater., 2004, vol.6, N.6, pp.1-6: “An additional mechanism for improving foam stability is that particles can attach to the gas/liquid interface… It has been remarked, however, that this can only be achieved if the particles show good wetting with the liquid metal [P79]” – p.1

P79-c9. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart, D.Leitlmeier: Metal foam – manufacture and physics of foam – Materials World, e-journal, 2005, vol.6, No.1: “ The first schematic stability map giving limits for the volume content and particle size required for metal foam creation was published by I.Jin [..]. This map was interpreted by Kaptay [P79] on the basis of theoretical considerations” – p.6.

P79-c10. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, J.Banhart: Metal foams – high temperature colloids. Part I. Ex situ analysis of metal foams – Colloids and Surfaces A,2005, vol.261, pp.123- 130 - “The first schematic stability map giving limits for the volume content and particle size required for metal foam creation was published by I.Jin [..]. This map was interpreted by Kaptay [P79] on the basis of theoretical considerations” – p.125.

P79-c11. Th.Wübben, S.Odenbach: Stabilisation of liquid metallic foams by solid particles – Colloids Surfaces A., 2005, vol.266, pp.207-213 – “Another, thermophysical, stabilizing mechanism was

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suggested by Kaptay [P79], relying on the adhesion properties of solid particles and liquid metals” – p.207.

P79-c12. Esmaeelzadeh S, Simchi A, Lehmhus D: Effect of ceramic particle addition on the foaming behavior, cell structure and mechanical properties of P/M AlSi7 foam - MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A - STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING 424 (1-2): 290-299 MAY 25 2006 - – “The material is melted with conventional foundry equipment and tranferred to a tundish, where gas is introduced as the foaming agent [P79]” – p. 290

P79-c13. N.Babcsán, J.Banhart: Metal Foams – towards high-temperature colloid chemistry – Chapter 11 in: „Colloidal particles at Liquid Interfaces, ed. By B.P.Binks, T.S.Horozov, Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp.445-499 – „The satbility ma pof Jin et al was interpreted by Kaptay [P79] ont he basis of thoretical considerations. He pointed out that a wetting angle between particles and liquid has to be in a certain range for particles to be able to stabilise the gas-liquid bubbles surface.” – p.461.

P79-c14. J.Banhart: Metal foams: production and stabilty – Adv. Eng Mater., 2006, vol.8, pp.781-794 – “Some of the inventors at Alcan have described a relationship between particle content and foam stability in a qualitative way.. Kaptay has discussed this diagramme theoretically by considering interfacial forces between particles and melt [P79]” – p.787.

P79-c15. J.Banhart: Metal foams: the mystery of stabilisation – in: Porous Metals and Metal Foaming Technology, eds. H.Nakajima, N.Kanetake, the Japanese Inst. of Metals, 2006, pp.75-86 - “Some of the inventors at Alcan have described a relationship between particle content and foam stability in a qualitative way.. Kaptay has discussed this diagramme theoretically by considering interfacial forces between particles and melt [P79]” – p.83.

P79-c16. F.Campana, G.Santuzzi: Caratterizzazione meccanica di schiume in alluminio sottoposte a trattamenti termici – Proc. XXXIV Convegno Nazionale, Associazione Italiana per l Analisi Solecitazione, Politechnico Milano, 2005, 10 pp. (Ref. No.13).

P79-c17. Babcsan N, Moreno FG, Banhart J: Metal foams - High temperature colloids - Part II: In situ analysis of metal foams - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 309 (1-3): 254-263 NOV 1 2007 – “The particles may segregate on the surface of melts and lose their stabilizing properties or sediment if their size exceeds 50 – 100 μm [P79]” – p. 254.

P79-c18. Somosvari BM, Babcsan N, Barczy P, Berthold A: PVC particles stabilized water-ethanol compound foams - COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS 309 (1-3): 240-245 NOV 1 2007 – “Kaptay [P79] postulates that the maximum particle size that can stabilize liquid films depends on the liquid properties. For water 3 micron and for liquid metals 30 micron were calculated. He also could derive theoretically, the optimum contact angles, measured by the researchers” – p.240.

P79-c19. S.Esmaeelzadeh, A.Simchi: Foamability and compressive properties of AlSi7- 3 vol% SiC – 0.5 wt % TiH2 powder compact – Materials Letters, 2008, vol.62, pp.1561-1564 – “Direct foaming of metallic melts [P79] ….” – p.1561.

P79-c20. D.P.He, et al., A Chinese journal, 2009, vol.39, No.2, pp.97-105 http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&scoring=r&q=kaptay&as_ylo=2009

P79-c21. P. Fernández, L. J. Cruz, J. Coleto: Procesos de fabricación de metales celulares. Parte II: Vía sólida, deposición de metales, otros procesos - Revista de Metalurgia, Vol 45, No 2, pp.124-142 (2009)

P79-c22. A.V.Biakova, V.P.Krasovskii, A.O.Dudnik, S.V.Gniloskurenko, A.I.Sirko: O roli smachivaemosti I raspredeleniia tviordich chastic v stabilizacii vspenennich aliuminievich rasplavov – Adgeziia rasplavov I paika materialov, 2009, vip.42, pp.5-22. – „Provedionnimi k nastoiashemu vremeni issledovaniiamui ubeditelno pokazano, shto vspenivanie metallicheskich rasplavov okazivaietsia nevozmozhnim pri otsutstvii v nich tviordich vkliuchenii [P79].

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P78. Á.Borsik, K.K.Kelemen, G.Kaptay: Dynamic Simulation of the Movement of a Ceramic Particle in Front of a Solidifying Interface - in: „Affordable Metal-Matrix Composites for High Performance Applications”, ed. by A.B.Pandey, K.L.Kendig and T.J.Watson – TMS, Warrendale, PA, 2001, pp.101-111. P77. G.Kaptay: Interfacial Aspects to Produce Particulate Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites – in: „Affordable Metal-Matrix Composites for High Performance Applications”, ed. by A.B.Pandey, K.L.Kendig and T.J.Watson – TMS, Warrendale, PA, 2001, pp.71-99. P77.-c.1. E.Báder: Contact angle and infiltration pressure relevant to fabrication of syntactic

magnesium / Al2O3 foams, WTM, Germany, Dec. 2000 – Dec. 2001, 26 pp.: “The infiltration process for fabricating ceramic reinforced metal matrix composites has already been studied by the group of Mortensen […], Garcia- Cordovilla […] and Kaptay [P77]..” pp. 11,… “… If the ceramic particles are closely packed, like in Fig.11, the pressure required for infiltration can be calculated with the following equation [P77]: {Equation is cited}..” – p. 12.

P77-c2. 3 kinai név (Google): Summarization on preparation for particle reinforces metal matrix composites – Modern Electric Power, 2002, No.6.

P77-c3. E.R.Fábián, P.Boross, B.Verő, P.Fülöp: Metallographic Aspects of Surface-Treated Steels by using Laser Technology – Materials Science Forum, 2003, vols. 414-415, pp.201-206 - “no text, just reference”

P77-c4. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 – “Metal matrix composite melts also behave as colloids, but until now there is no adequate explanation to the interactions thereby the driving force of particles distribution [P77]” – p.27. {is it an acknowledgement or a criticism ???}

P77-c5. Th.Wuebben, H.Stanzick, J.Banhart. S.Odenbach: Satbility of metallic foams studied under microgravity – J.Phys. C: Solid State Phys., 2003, vol.15, pp.427-433 – Ref. No.13, with no text”

P77-c6.O.N.Verezub, A.I.Grabchenko, T.Matsushita: Eksperimentalno-teoreticheskoie modelirovanie dinamiki proniknoveniia legiruiushich chastic v matricu eksperimentalnogo materiala – in: „Research and Education”, Nacionalnii Technicheskii Universitet, 2004, Harkov, pp.59-66 – „V tretiei gruppe uravnenii [P77] kriticheckii ugol kontakta raven nuliu v tom sluchaie, esli Weber kriticheskii stremitsia k nuliu. Eto polnostiu podtverzhdaiet nashi eksperimentalnie dannie” – p.64.

P77-c7. J.T.Blucher, J.Dobranszky, U.Narusawa: Aluminium double composite structures reinforced with composite wires – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004, vol.A387-389, pp.867-872 – „..successful infiltration of carbon fibers without special surface treatments was sporadic. … Al2O3, SiO, TiN. TiB as well as Cu an Ni coatings all show promising results [P77]” – p.868.

P77-c8. Baumli P.: SiO2 és Al2O3 reakciója titán tartalmú sóolvadékkal – ME Doktorandusz Fóruma, 2005, ME, 47-53 – „Kerámiával erősített fémmátrixú kompozitokat csak akkor lehet előállítani megfelelő minőségben, ha a fémolvadék a kerámiát tökéletesen nedvesíti [P77]” – p.47.

P77-c9. Kientzl I, Dobránszky J, Ginsztler J: Effect of Production Parameters on the Properties of Composite Wires - In: Papp É, Mácsay I, Holubetz L, (szerk.) Gépészet 2006 Proceedings of Fifth Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, National Technical Information Centre and Library, Budapest, 2006, CD-ROM – „For an examination of reactions at the interface, it is worth investigating, via an EDS-analysis, the changes in components through the cross-section of a filament [P77]” – p.3.

P77-c10. I.Kientzl, J.Dobránszky: Production and examination of double composites – Mater Sci Forum, 2007, vol.537-538, pp.191-197.

P77-c11. Kadoi K, Nakae H: Effect of particle addition to liquid metal on fabrication of aluminum foam - HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS AND PROCESSES 26 (4): 275-283 2007 – “Some other models, similar to… were proposed… by Kaptay [P77], using an interfacial model” – p. 277.

P77-c12. M.A.Taha, N.A.El-Mahallawy, A.M.El-Sabbagh: Some experimental data on workability of aluminium-particulate-reinforced metal matrix composites – J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2008, vol.202, pp.380-385 – “Powder metallurgy method … almost avoids matrix oxidation and reinforcement interfacial reaction [P77]” – p.381, “Kaptay [P77], who also obtained improvement in the workability of PMMC, discussed the results on basis of coupling of both

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the positive influence of decreasing the particulate size and the negative effect of particulate’s increased resistance to wettability” – p.382.

P77-c13. Csanády Andrásné: Nanoszerkezetek határfelületei és határfelületeken kialakuló nanoszerkezetek – 2.3. fejezet in: Bevezetés a nanoszerkezetű anyagok világába (Csanády Andrásné, Kálmán Erika, Konczos Géza, szerk), MTA, ELTE Eötvös Kiadó, 2009, 60.o. – „A határfelületek szabadenergia felesleggel rendelkeznek, ezt növelik az érintkező felületeken kialakuló feszültésgek… [P77]” – p.60.

P77-c14. A.E.Karantzalis, A.Lekatou, E.Georgatis, H.Mavros: Solidification behaviour of ceramic particle reinforced Al-alloy matrices – J.Mater Sci, 2010, vol.45, pp.2165-2173 – „Especially in the case of cast metal composites, however, a contact angle of less than 90 oC (sicc) is not sufficient to lead to spontaneous entry of the particles but a 0o contact angle (total spreading condition) is required as shown by the works of Nakae et al., Wu et al. And Kaptay [P77]” – p.1/9

P77-c15. Kientzl I.: Alumíniummátrixú kompozithuzalok és kettős kompozit-szerkezetek – PhD értekezés, BME (tud. vez.: dr.Dobránszky János), 2010, 112.o. – „Az infiltrált hosszt az idő és a nyomáskülönbségből számolják [P77]”

P77-c16. Bian Xinyu, Fan Jianzhong, Ma Zili, Zuo Tao, Wei Shaohua: Influence of Particulate Inhomogeneous Distribution on Performance of Particulate-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites - Chinese Journal of Rare Metals, 2010, vol. 34, No.3, pp.357-362. „Chinese text..?”

P77-c17. I.N.Orbulov: Infiltration of ceramic microballons by liquid metals – research plan for SCIEX-NMS, February, 2011, 12 pp. – „There are many papers int he professional literature which are dealing with the phenomenon of infiltartion [P77]” – p.9.

P76. Borsik Á., K.Kelemen K., Kaptay Gy.: Fémolvadékban a kristályfront előtt levő kerámiaszemcse mozgásának számítógépes szimulációja – ME Doktoranduszok Fóruma 2000, Anyag- és Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, ME, 2001, 32-37. P75. G.Kaptay: On the Surface Tension of Pure Molten Alkali Halides – Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology, ed. by Chen Nianyi and Qiao Zhiyu, Shanghai University Press, 2001, 182-185. P74. G.Kaptay, I.Sytchev, Zs.H.Göndör: Coating Quartz Samples by Metallic Titanium in Molten Salts – Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology, ed. by Chen Nianyi and Qiao Zhiyu, Shanghai University Press, 2001, 178-181. P73. G.Kaptay: Estimation of Thermodynamic Properties of Pure Liquid Titanium Dichloride – Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology, ed. by Chen Nianyi and Qiao Zhiyu, Shanghai University Press, 2001, 174-177. P72. G.Kaptay, I.Sytchev, M.S.Yaghmaee, A.Kovács, E.Cserta, M.Árk: Electrochemical Synthesis of Refractory Borides and Carbon Nano-Micro Tubes from Molten Salts – Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology, ed. by Chen Nianyi and Qiao Zhiyu, Shanghai University Press, 2001, 168-173. P72-c.1. A.T.Dimitrov, G.Z.Chen, I.A.Kinloch, D.J.Fray: A feasibility study of scaling-up the

electrolytic production of carbon nanotubes in molten salts – Electrochimica Acta, 2002, vol.48, pp.91-102: “…as it was initially postulated in this laboratory, the intercalation of alkali metal could lead to the extrusion of carbon… Interestingly, this prediction had not been experimentally confirmed in this and other laboratories […] until recently when Kaptay et al. reported their observation of carbon micro-tubes on the surface of a graphite cathode [P72]”, p.92.

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P71. Kaptay Gy.: Határfelületi jelenségek szerepe a fémes anyag-gyártásban – EMT Bányászat, Kohászat, Földtan konferencia kiadványa, Csíksomlyó, EMT, 2001., 51-56 o. P71-c1. K.Szocs, M.Vaida: Border surface changes ont he edge of the castings with nodular graphite –

Mater. Sci. Forum, 2005, vols 473-474, pp.153-158. P70b. S.Yaghmaee Maziar, Csicsovszki G., Kaptay Gy.: Fémek kohéziós energiájának lehetséges definíciói – Pro Scientia Aranyérmesek Társasága, Budapest, 2000, 227-231. P70a. S.Yaghmaee Maziar, Kaptay Gy., Jánosfy Gy.: A Fe-Al-N, Fe-B-N és Fe-Al-N-B olvadék rendszerek termodinamikai modellezése – Pro Scientia Aranyérmesek Társasága, Budapest, 2000, 95-100. P70. M.Z.Benkő, G.Kaptay: Thermal Balance of LD converters – Proc. of Microcad ‘2000, Section C.: High Temperature Devices, University of Miskolc, pp.13-18. P69. Magyar Anita, Gácsi Zoltán, Kaptay György, Szalai Ibolya: Hibridszerkezetek fejlesztése - Proc. of Microcad ’2000, Section B: Materials Technology, University of Miskolc, pp. 121-126. P68. L.Zoltai, E.Bader, G.Kaptay, P.Arato: Wettability of Si3N4 ceramics by liquid metals – Proc. of Microcad ’2000, Section B: Materials Technology, University of Miskolc, pp. 121-126. P67. J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay, H.Kushov: Investigation of the reduction process of tetrafloroborate ions at different electrodes in chloro-fluoride melts – Progress in Molten Salt Chemistry, vol.1. (Proc. of EUCHEM 2000), 2000, Elsevier, Paris, pp. 523-528. P66. R. Román, G. Kaptay, J. Lakatos, H. Verelst, F. Rivet, A. Buekens: Development of a chemical treatment method by molten salts for removing zinc from fly ash - Progress in Molten Salt Chemistry, vol.1. (Proc. of EUCHEM 2000), 2000, Elsevier, Paris, pp. 455-460. P65. G.Kaptay, I.Sytchev, J.Miklósi, P.Póczik, K.Papp, P.Nagy, E.Kálmán:

Electrochemical synthesis of carbon nanotubes and microtubes from molten salts – Progress in Molten Salt Chemistry, vol.1. (Proc. of EUCHEM 2000), 2000, Elsevier, Paris, pp. 257-262. P65-c1. G.Z.Chen, D.J.Fray: Novel Cathodic Processes in Molten Salts - Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Molten

Salt Chemistry and Technology, ed. by Chen Nianyi and Qiao Zhiyu, Shanghai University Press, 2001, 79-85 – “While this research is being extended into more molten molten salt systems as demonstrated by Kaptay et al [P65], understanding of the nanotube formation mechanism has also progressed” – p.84.

P65-c2. M. S.Yaghmaee, E. Cserta, A.Kovács, M. Árk: Carbon Micro-Tubes Produced by Electrochemical Synthesis from Molten Salts, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The second effort on synthesis of carbon nano-tubes in Hungary is in progress in the framework of cooperation between the LIMOS R&D Group at the University of Miskolc (lead by G.Kaptay), where the synthesis was carried out from molten salts, and between the group at KKK (lead by ‘E.Kálmán), where the nano-characterization of the samples is being performed [P65]. During this cooperation it has been noted, that during the electrochemical synthesis of carbon nanotubes from molten salts carbon

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tubes with a very wide range of diameter are actually formed, scaling from several nanometers to several micrometers [P65]”– p.1.

P65-c3. A.T.Dimitrov, G.Z.Chen, I.A.Kinloch, D.J.Fray: A feasibility study of scaling-up the electrolytic production of carbon nanotubes in molten salts – Electrochimica Acta, 2002, vol.48, pp.91-102 – “In 2000, Kaptay et al reported that, on graphite cathode, the electro-deposition of Li, Na, K, Mg and Ca from the respective molten chlorides all led to the formation of CNTs, but not of Sn and Ni [P65].” – p.91, “Based on the facts that CNTs were collectable from the solidified salt phase and also the CNT yield depended strongly on electrolysis current and temperature [P65], it was further proposed …… The carbon based fragments may then enter the molten salt and, without the protection of the graphite lattice, undergo through an inter- and/or intra-fragment recombination process, leading to the formation of various carbon nanoparticles and nanotubes in the electrolyte [P65].” – p.92.

P65-c4. Q.Xu, C.Schwandt, G.Z.Chen, D.J.Fray: Electrochemical investigation of lithium intercalation into graphite from molten lithium chloride – J. of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 2002, vol. 530, pp.16-22 – “.. The process has been described in several publications [P65]. There is indeed some experimental evidence that alkali metal intercalation into graphite is an important step in the electrochemical synthesis [P65] – p.16.

P65-c5. Zs.Demeter, M.S.Yaghmaee: Some Aspects of Intercalation Phenomena and Growth Mechanism of Carbon Nano-micro Tubes in Molten Salts – Proc. of microCAD 2003 Conference, Section Mechanical Technologies and Material Science Engineering, University of Miskolc, 2003, pp. 7-12 – “The second effort on synthesis of carbon ano-tubes in Hungary is in progress in the framework of cooperation between the LIMOS R&D Group at the University of Miskolc (lead by G.Kaptay), where the synthesis was carried out from molten salts, and between the group at KKK (lead by E.Kálmán), where the nano-characterization of the samples is being performed [P65]. During this cooperation it has been noted that during the electrochemical synthesis of carbon nanotubes from molten salts carbon tubes with very wide range of diameter are actually formed, scaling from several nano-meters to several micrometers [P65]” – p.7.

P65-c6. G.Z.Chen, D.J.Fray: Recent development in electrolytic formation of carbon nanotubes in molten salts – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.309-342 “.. research in the electrolytic method is gathering forces around the world in the past few years [P65]..” – p.311, “Kaptay and co-workers in Hungary reproduced the results of the authors, and reported that the electrodeposition of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca from respective chloride salts all led to the formation of CNTs, but not Sn and Ni [P65]” – p.313, “Based on SEM and TEM estimations of different research groups [P65], the electrolytic carbon nano-materials contain CNTs in the range of 5 to 50 vol%…” – p.325, “This postulation had not been experimentally confirmed in the Cambridge laboratory and other [..], until recently when Kaptay et al. reported their observation of a carbon micro-tube on the surface of a graphite cathode [P65]” – p.331, “The Cambridge team’s CNTs formation mechanism was generally advocated by Kaptay et al [P65]…. In addition, they argued that once suspended in the molten salt, tube formation was driven by the attractive interfacial forces between the two edges of the suspended graphite planes having broken carbon bonds.” – p.332-33

P65-c7. Q.Xu, C.Schwandt, D.J.Fray: Electrochemical investigation of lithium and tin reduction at a graphite cathode in molten chlorides – J. of Electroanal. Chem., 2004, vol.562, pp.15-21: “Most of the studies … focused on the preparation of carbon nanotubes [P65]. Tin reduction, as opposed to lithium reduction, does not lead to the formation of nano-sized carbon materials [P65]”, p.15.

P65-c8. I.A.Kinloch, G.Z.Chen, J.Howes, C.Boothroyd, C.Singh, D.J.Fray, A.H.Windle: Electrolytic, TEM and Raman studies on the production of carbon nanotubes in molten NaCl – Carbon, 2003, vol.41, pp.1127-1141 – “Chen et al. have previously reported the formation of tambourines and it is possible that these tambourines are the same strutcture as the nano-tori viewed by AFM by Miklosi et al [P65]” – p.1138.

P65-c9. D.Babic, DJ Klein, J von Knop, N.Trinajstic: Combinatorial enumeration in chemistry – in: Chemical Modelling: Applications and Theory, vol.3, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2004, pp.126-170. – „CNTs possess conducting or semiconducting properties depending ont he tube structure and may be prepared by a laser technique or by electrochemical procedures [P65] or in some other way…– p.137.

P65-c10. Adamokova M.N.: Elektrovidelenie metallicheskogo volframa, molibdena i ich karbidovi z nizkotemperaturnich galogenidno-oksidnich rasplavov – Diss. na kand. him. nauk, Ekaterinburg, 2005, 142 pp. – „V 2000 g. nachala publikovat rezultati issledovanii po polucheniiu nanotrubok elektroliticheskim metodom tretia gruppa – Kaptay G i Sychev J.Iv Vengrii [P65] vosproizveli

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rezultati rabot Fray-a, takzhe pokazali, shto elektroosozhdenie litiia, natriia, kaliia, magniia, kalciia iz sootvetstvuiushich rasplavlennich hloridov privodit k polucheniu uglerodnich nanotrubok. Produkti elektroliza bili issledovani metodom atomno-silovoi mikroskopii”….. „G.Kaptay i J.Sichev s sotrudnikami (Vengriia) zanimaiutsia issledovaniem mechanizma obrazovaniia uglerodnich nanotrubok pri osazhedenii shelochnich metallov (litiia i natriia) i shelochnozemelnich metallov (magniia i kalciia) iz rasplavlennich solei na grafitovii katod [P65]” – p.25.

P65-c11. JH Lee, JB Shim, EH Kim, JH Yoo, SW Park: A feasibility study for the development of alternative methods to treat a spent TRISO fuel – Nucelar Technol, 2008, vol.162, pp.250-258 – „Carbon also forms intercalation compounds with magnesium” – p.256.

P65-c12. C.Schwandt, A.T.Dimitrov, D.J.Fray: The preparation of nano-structured carbon materials by electrolysis of molten lithium chloride at graphite electrodes – J Electroanal Chem, 2010, vol.647, pp.150-158 – „Kaptay and co-workers also investigated the electrolytic preparation method. Carbonaceous products were prepared by using various molten salt electrolytes [P65]” – p.151.

P64. G.Jánosfy, G.Károly, G.Kaptay, M.S.Yaghmaee, V.Beszterczey: Quality Assurance Problems in the Production of Boron Microalloyed Case-hardening Steel Grades – EOSC ’00, 3rd European Oxygen Steelmaking Conference, 30 October – 1 November 2000, ICC, Birmingham, UK. pp. 493-503. P63. G.Kaptay, K.K.Kelemen: Corrections to the Stokes Equation - Proc. of Microcad 2000, Section D: Applied Chemistry, pp. 23-28. P62. A.Borsik, K.K.Kelemen, G.Kaptay: Simulation of the movement of ceramic particles in liquid metals in front of solidification fronts – Proc. of Microcad, 2000 Section D: Applied Chemistry, pp. 9-14. P61. J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay, H.Kushkov: Voltammetric investigation of the reduction processes of nickel and iron divalent ions in chloro-fluoride melts – Proc. of Microcad 2000, Section D: Applied Chemistry, pp. 69-68. P60. R.Roman, G.Kaptay, A.Mihalik, H.Verelst, F.Rivet, A.Buekens: Removal of Heavy Metals from fly ash with molten chlorides. Part II.: Experimental verification – Proc. of Microcad 2000, Section D: Applied Chemistry, pp. 63-68. P59. R.Roman, G.Kaptay, A.Mihalik, H.Verelst, F.Rivet, A.Buekens: Removal of Heavy Metals from fly ash with molten chlorides. Part I.: Theoretical Analysis and Thermogravimetry experiments – Proc. of Microcad 2000., Section D: Applied Chemistry, pp. 57-62. P58. G.Kaptay, K.K.Kelemen: On the Drag Force Acting on Ceramic Particles during Processing of Cast MMCs – in: „State of the Art in Cast MMCs”, ed. by P.K.Rohatgi, TMS, 2000, pp.45-60. P58-c1. D.M.Stefanescu: Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification – Kluwer Academic /

Plenum Publishers, NY, 2002, 342 pp. – „The relative viscosity can be calculated with: {equation 4.45}. Numerous expressions were proposed for the correction factor (see review by Kaptay, 2000)” – p.57. “Table 4.1. {Equation} (Kaptay 2000)” – p.57.

P58-c2. D.M.Stefanescu: Science and Engineering of Casting Solidification, 2nd edition, Springer, NY, 2009, 395 pp. – „The relative viscosity can be calculated with: {equation 4.45}. Numerous expressions were proposed for the correction factor (see review by Kaptay, 2000)” – p.64.

P58-c3. W.Sobieski: Drag coefficient in solid-fluid system modeling with the Eulerian multiphase model – Drying Teechnology, 2011, vol.29, pp.111-125 – “According to Kaptay and Kelemen [P58], the theoretically highest possible density of a fluid medium is 0.74, but in real

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environment, this value usually approximates 0.60-0.63. At this level of packing, the particles are unable to move, and the drag runs infinity” – p.122.

P57. E.Báder, G.Kaptay, L.Zoltai: Wettability studies for the production of Cu-Sn/WC composites. – Proc. of International Scientific Conference ‘Competitive Materials, Technologies and Products’ (CMTP), Miskolc, 2000, pp. 39-45. P56. B.Tury, G.Kaptay, G.M.Kale: Electrochemical Intercalation of Na from Al to LiMn2O4 – Proc. of International Scientific Conference ‘Competitive Materials, Technologies and Products’ (CMTP), Miskolc, 2000., pp. 147-152 (paper to be disregarded due to falsification of Fig1. by B.Tury) P55. J.Sytchev, G.Kaptay, H.Kushov: Study of the electroreduction process of tetrafluoroborate ions at different electrodes in chloro-fluoride melts – Miskolci Egyetem Doktoranduszok Fóruma, Miskolc, 1999. november 4-5. Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, 2000., pp.106-112. P54. Román R., Kaptay Gy., H.Verelst, F.Rivet, A.Buekens: Szállóhamu nehézfém-tartalmának eltávolítása sóolvadékos kezeléssel - Miskolci Egyetem Doktoranduszok Fóruma, Miskolc, 1999. /november 4-5. Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, 2000., pp. 75-81. P53. Báder E., Kaptay Gy.: Volfrám karbid nedvesíthetősége Cu-Sn olvadt ötvözetek által – Miskolci Egyetem Doktoranduszok Fóruma, Miskolc, 1999. november 4-5. Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, 2000., pp. 7-12. P52. G.Kaptay, H.B.Kushkov, A.S.Uzdenova, M.K.Vindizheva: Electrochemical Synthesis Diagrams of the La-Gd, Gd-Al, La-B, Gd-B systems – Vestnik KBSU, Seriya chem.nauk, vip.3., Nalchik, 1999, pp.56-60. P51. S.V Devyatkin, G.Kaptay, J.C.Poignet, J.Bouteillon: Chemical and electrochemical behaviour of titanium oxide and complexes in cryolite-alumina melts - in: „Advances in Molten Salts – From Structural Aspects to Waste Processing”, ed. by M.Gaune-Escard, begell house inc., New-York, 1999, pp.178-187. P50. B.Tury, J.I.Sytchev and G.Kaptay: Morphology of titanium diboride obtained by electrochemical synthesis from molten chloro-fluoride melt - in: „Advances in Molten Salts – From Structural Aspects to Waste Processing”, ed. by M.Gaune-Escard, begell house inc., New-York, 1999, pp.260-269. P49. G.Kaptay: Control of Phases to be Synthesised by Electrochemical Synthesis from Molten Salts: the ternary EES diagram for the Ti-Al-B system – in: „Advances in Molten Salts – From Structural Aspects to Waste Processing”, ed. by M.Gaune-Escard, begell house inc., New-York, 1999, pp.249-259. P49-c1. P.Taxil, P.Chamelot, L.Massot, C.Hamel: Electrodeposition of alloys or compounds in molten

salts and applications – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.177-200 „Kaptay elaborated the EES diagram of the ternary system Ti/Al/B at 1000 K in cryolithe melts containing alumina, and Ti and boron oxides, combining data from the respective binary systems. The goal is to optimize the potential of the carbon cathode for the electrochemical synthesis of titanium boride, used as a protective layer of the carbon as a function of the Ti/B system, the diagram delimits the area of stability in terms of equilibrium potential of each binary compound [P49]” – p.184.

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P48. G.Jánosfy, G.Kaptay, M.S.Yaghmaee: Computer Aided Determination of the Phase Boundary of Liquid Iron and Aluminium Nitride in the Fe-Al-N Ternary System – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section B: Metallurgy, Energetics, 1999, pp.27-32 P47. Török B., Tóth L.A., Kaptay Gy.: Asszociált elegymodell alkalmazása nagyolvasztói salakrendszerre – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section B: Metallurgy, Energetics, 1999, pp.75-81. P47-c1. M.Z.Benkő: On the computer software for the LD converter process at the Dunaferr

Works, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The heat due to complex formation was estimated by the associated model for the slag [P47].” – p. 6.

P46. R.Gemela, K.Kelemen, G.Kaptay: Dynamics of vapour-to-liquid transfer of SiC particles into Fe40Ni40Si6B14 liquid matrix of amorphous metal matrix composites – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section C: Materials Science and Technology, 1999, pp. 187-192 P46.-c.1. Boross Péter: Lézeres átolvasztással végzett felületmódosítások, Diplomamunka, BME,

Bayati, 2001., tud.vez.: dr. Verő Balázs és dr. Hárs György. „Ennek [P46] szerint csillapodó oszcilláló megoldása lesz” – p.23.

P45. E.Báder, L.Bolyán, G.Kaptay, G.Zs.Hutkai: Measuring and Modelling of Adhesion Energy between non-reactive Liquid Metals and Oxide Ceramics – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section C: Materials Science and Technology, 1999, pp. 175-179 P44. G.Kaptay: Interfacial Theory of Producing Particle Stabilised Metallic Foams – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section C: Materials Science and Technology, 1999, pp. 79-84 P43. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: Calculation of Tie-Lines between Solid and Liquid Phases mainly in Al-rich corner of the Ternary Al-Mg-Zn System Based on Thermodynamic Properties of Phases in Equilibrium – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section C: Materials Science and Technology, 1999, pp. 165-168 P42. B.Tury, G.Kaptay, J.Sychev: The Calculation of Equilibrium Electrochemical Synthesis Diagrams for Ni-Ti-B system – Proceedings of MICROCAD ’99, Section C: Materials Science and Technology, 1999, pp. 159-164 P41. G.Kaptay: Interfacial Criteria for ceramic particle stabilised metallic foams – in: Metal Foams and Porous Metal Structures, ed. by J.Banhart, M.F.Ashby, N.A.Fleck, MIT Verlag, Bremen, 1999, pp. 141-145.

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P41.-c.1. J.Banhart: Manufacturing Routes for Metallic Foams – JOM December 2000, pp. 22-27. “..This casts doubts on the hypothesis that solid particles floating on the walls of films are responsible for their stabilization in analogy to the action of surfactants in aqueous foams [P41].” – p.26, “ Metallic foams, therefore, appear to be stabilized by solid particles. The action of foam stabilization is not entirely clear yet, but some current ideas on metal foams have been published [P41]” – p.26., “ The wetting angle has to in a certain range to ensure that the bubble/particle interfaces are stable when the bubbles rises through the melt (i.e., the particles are not stripped off the bubbles), and that the particles on the interface lower the total interface energy of a pair of bubbles with particles in between (i.e. stabilize bubble / particle / bubble interfaces). There is nostabilization effect for insufficient wetting (high contact angle) as well as for overwetting (low contact angle). In principle, from the known wetting angles of ceramic particles with given melt, particles can be selected that have an optimum stabilization effect [P41]” – p.27.

P41-c2. J.Banhart: Metallic foams: Challenges and opportunities – in:”Foams, Emulsions and Applications”, Ed-s. P.Zitha, J.Banhart, G.Verbist, Verlag MIT Publishing, Bremen, 2000, pp.13-20. – „The action of foam stabilisation is not entirely clear yet. An outline of the current ideas shall be given here using some of the sparse information on metal foams available in the literature [P41]” – p.18., „It has been derived that the wetting angle has to be in a certain range to ensure that i. the bubble/particle interfaces are stable when the bubbles rise through the melt, i.e. the particles are not stripped of the bubbles, ii. that the particles on the interface lower the total energy of a pair of bubbles with particles in between, i.e. stabilise buble/particle/bubble interfcaes. For insufficient wetting (high contact angle) as well as for too good wetting (low contact angle) there is no stabilisation effect. In principle, from the known wetting angle of ceramic particles with a given melt particles can be selected which have an optimum stabilisation effect [P41]” – p.19.

P41-c3. E.Báder: Wettability of Alumina by Liquid Magnesium and Liquid AZ91 Alloy, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The wettability of alumina by magnesium is a very important factor in producing metal matrix composites [ .. .] or metallic foams [P41] consisting of these two phases” – p.1

P41-c4. J.Banhart: Manufacture, characterisation and application of cellular metals and metal foams – Progress in Materials Science, 2001, vol.46, pp.559-632 – „The particles help to stabilize the foam by mechanisms which are discussed in the literature [P41]. It is widely accepted that the accumulation of the particles on the cell walls plays a key role in this stabilistaion process. Firstly, the particles increase the surface viscosity, thus retarding drainage in films [..]. Secondly, the particles are partially wetted by the melt. It has been derived [P41] that the wetting angle has to be in a certain range to ensure that: the bubble/particle interface is stable when the bubble rises through the melt, i.e. the particles are not stripped off the bubbles, that the particles on the interface lower the total energy of a pair of bubbles with particles in between, i.e. stabilise bubble/particle/bubble interfaces. For insufficient wetting (high contact angle) as well as for too good wetting (too low contact angle) there is no stabilisation effect. In principle, from the known wetting angles of ceramic particles with a given melt particles can be selected which have an optimum stabilisation effect [P41].” – pp. 565-566.

P41-c5. C.Körner, R.F.Singer: Foaming Process for Al – in: “Handbook of Cellular Metals, Production, Processing, Applications”, ed. by H-P.Degischer, B.Kriszt, Wiley-VCH, 2002, pp.8-14 – “Theoretical work of Kaptay [P41] and experimental work of Weigand [ ] indicate that a reduction ofparticle size will not lead to a higher stabilization and therefore to a smaller critical cell wall thickness” – p.13 (Sajnálattal meg kell jegyeznem, hogy Körner és mtsai félreértelmezték az elméletemet…”)

P41-c6. C.Körner, M.Arnold, M.Thies, R.F.Singer: The Physics of foaming: structure formation and stability - in: “Handbook of Cellular Metals, Production, Processing, Applications”, ed. by H-P.Degischer, B.Kriszt, Wiley-VCH, 2002, pp.8-14 – “Additives in the fluid like SiC or Al2O3 particles influence the movement of the bubbles and are able to stabilize them [P41]. They have an effect on both the viscosity of the melt and the surface tension.” – p.35.

P41-c7. Y.Q.Sun, T.Gao: The optimum wetting angle for the stabilization of liquid metal foams by ceramic particles: experimental simulations – Metall. Mater. Trans. A., 2002, vol.33A., pp.3285-3292. – „Another explanation ascribes the improved foam stability to the appropriate wetting behaviour of the ceramic particles in the liquid metal [P41]. Theoretical analysis incorporating several mechanisms predicted an ambigous wetting-angle range of 20 to 90 deg for foaming Al [P41].” – pp.3285-3286, „..The maximum foaming height occurs in a narrow wetting angular range of 75 to 85 deg. …. We note that stable foam exist at wetting angles

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considerably greater than 90 deg. This is contrary to the theoretical analysis of Kaptay [P41], who predicted no foam stability outside the 20 to 90 deg wetting angle range” – p.3288, „Kaptay [P41] proposed that, to stabilzie the foam, the solid particles must remain attached to the liquid surface against buoyancy. From this a necessary wetting-angle range of 20 to 90 deg is suggested; this is clearly at variance with the present simulation results, which have shown stable foams at much larger wetting angles” – p.3290

P41-c8. Gao T, Sun YQ: Role of wetting behavior in the stabilization of liquid metal foams by ceramic particles: An experimental simulation study - PROCESSSING AND PROPERTIES OF LIGHTWEIGHT CELLULAR METALS AND STRUCTURES, 2002, pp.115-123.

P41-c9. N.Babcsán, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer: Foamibility of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Melt – Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 2003, vol.34, pp.1-8 – „Kaptay pointed out that wetting angle has to be in a certain range and particles stabilize the gas/liquid-bubble interface. In the framework of a model, assuming single layer of particles between in the cell wall it was shown that the foam is stabilized only in the interval of’ the contact angles 10 – 90 degrees [P41]. However, when a presence of a double, or a ’double+’ layer of particles is assumed to be in the cell wall, this interval increases to 10-129 degrees, or 10 – 170 degrees, accordingly”

P41-c10. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc, 2003 – “In the middle of 90-s – thanks to H.P.Degischer, J.Banhart and G.Kaptay – science found a partnership with this challenging material {metallic foam} and some basic questions like stability of of metal foams {has been} clarified”. – p.12,“Kaptay pointed out that wetting angle has to be in a certain range and particles stabilize the gas bubble/liquid interface. In the framework of a model, assuming single layer of particles in the cell wall it was shown that the foam is stabilized only in the interval of the contact angles 10-90 degrees [P41]” – p.34.

P41-c11. Th.Wuebben, H.Stanzick, J.Banhart. S.Odenbach: Satbility of metallic foams studied under microgravity – J.Phys. C: Solid State Phys., 2003, vol.15, pp.S427-S433 – „We suggest that, possibly in addition to the viscosity effect, postulated previously, the main function of stabilizing particles is to prevent coalescence. Presumably the oxide filaments float to the surface of the liquid metal films and create layers at the liquid/gas interface (Fig. 4). Figure 4. Non-metallic particles forming a layer at the liquid-gas interface in a metallic foam (after [P41]).” – p. 432

P41-c12. T.Wübben: Zur Stabilitat flüssiger Metallschaume – Universitat Bremen, Germany, 2003, 128 pp. – „In diesem Zusammenhang wird das schon erwahnte Stabilisierungsmodell von G.Kaptay ausführlich erlautert und kritisch diskutiert” – p.2, „Nach einer kurzen Beschreibung der gegenwartigen Diskussion über die Wirkungsweise von Partikeln in Metallschaumen wird schlieslich ein von Kaptay entwickeltes Modell [P41]. Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gefundenen experimentellen Resultate haben deutliche Indizien für die prinzipielle Gültigkeit dieses Modells erbracht” – p.25, „In diesem Kontext hat Kaptay [P41] ein mechanistisches Modell entwickelt, das sowohl den Einflus der Partikelkonzentration als auch des Kontaktwinkels auf die Stabilitat von Metallshaumen beschreibt. Diese Arbeit beschaftigt sich in groSen Teilen mit der Untersuchung der Gültigkeit deises Modells. Es soll daher folgenden im Detail erlautert werden” – p.30. „Mit Ausnahme von Kaptay in [P41] geben jedoch alle Autoren nur phanomenologische Erklarungen. Die in [P41] erstmals angedeutete Hypothese wurde unter Berücksichtigung der im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gewonnenen experimentellen Ergebnisse weiterenwickelt, so daS es quantitative Aussagen über die Wirksamkeit von Partikeln in Metallschaumen möglich mach” – p.31. „Das von Kaptay entworfene Modell versucht eine Erklarung für die beobachtete stabilisierende Wirkung von Partikeln auf flüssige metallische Schaume zu geben.” – p.37.

P41-c13. S.V.Gnyloskurenko, T.Nakamura: Wettability effect on bubble formation at nozzles in liquid aluminum – Mater. Trans., 2003, vol.44, pp.2298-2302 – „the contact angle for SiO2 in liquid Al. Kaptay [P41] indicated Θ = 50 – 60o.” – p.2299

P41-c14. A.Haibel, J.Banhart: Metallschaumcharakterisierung mittels Synchrotron-Tomografie – DACH Jahrestagung, 2004, Salzburg, 7 pp (Ref. No. 5). – “Dadurch nimmt die Drainage ab und die Oberflachenspannung im Schaum reduziert, was zu einer Verringerung des Porenplatzens führt [P41]” – p.1

P41-c15. E.Baumeister: Hohlkugelkomposit – Charakterizung thermischer und mechanischer Eigenschaften eines neuen Leichtbauwerkstoffes – Dissertation, 2004, Magdeburg (Ref. 79). – „Probleme bereiten die geringe Duktilitat und die schlechte Bearbeitbarkeit der geschaumten MMC-Werkstoffe [P41]” – p.11.

P41-c16. Alex Buetow: Diploma Arbeiten, TU Berlin, 2004 (Ref.No.9). – „Dieses Verfahren wurde gleichzetig und unabhangig von den Firmen Alcan und Norsk Hydro entwickelt [P41]” – p.6.

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P41-c17. S.V.Gnyloskurenko, A.Byakova, T.Nakamura, O.Raychenko: Influence of wettability on bubble formation in liquid – J.Mater.Sci., 2005, vol.40, pp.2437-2441 – „the contact angle for SiO2 in liquid Al.. Kaptay [P41] indicated Θ = 50 – 60o.” – p.2438

P41-c18. Th.Wübben, S.Odenbach: Stabilisation of liquid metallic foams by solid particles – Colloids Surfaces A., 2005, vol.266, pp.207-213 – “Another, thermophysical, stabilizing mechanism was suggested by Kaptay [P41], relying on the adhesion properties of solid particles and liquid metals” – p.207.

P41-c19. A.J.Klinter, G. Mendoza-Suarez, R.A.L.Drew: Wetting of pure aluminum and selected alloys on polycrystalline alumina and sapphire – Mater Sci Eng A, 2008, vol.495, pp.147-152. – “Recently, it has been found that the wetting behavior in metal-ceramic systems seems to play an important role in the production of aluminum foams [P41].” – p.147. “In theoretical models of Kaptay [P41], the stabiklizing effect of these particles on the liquid aluminum foam is credited to capillary effects between the melt and the particles, preventing the two liquid gas interfaces of a foam cell wall from touching and the two adjacent cells from coalescence” – p.148.

P41-c20. A.J.Klinter, R.A.L.Drew: Evaluation of the wetting behaviour of Al-7Cu and Al-11.5Si on SiC and sapphire in terms of Al-foam stability. In: METFOAM-2007, ed. by L.P.Lefebre, J.Banhart, D.C.Dunand, DEStech Publ. Inc, 2008, pp.23-26. – „During the early stages of Al-foam rersearch, it was found that alumina or SiC particles are essential in order to obtain stable aluminium foams. Originally it was believed that the stabilizing effect of these ceramic particles have on Al-foams was caused by an increase in bulk viscosity of the Al melt due to ceramic particles additions. In a very theoreticla approach, KAPTAY [P41] later developed models suggesting that the improved foam stability was due to capillary effects between the melt and the particles, preventing the two liquid gas interfaces of a foam cell wall from touching, and the two adjacent cells from coalescencing.” – p.23.

P41-c21. P.Fernandez, LJ Cruz, Coleto J: Manufacturing processes of cellular metals. Part I. Liquid route processes – Rev Metall, 2008, vol.44, pp.540-555.

P41-c22. D.P.He, et al: www.scichina.com, 2009, vol.39, No.2, pp.97-105 in Chinese. P41-c23. A.V.Biakova, V.P.Krasovskii, A.O.Dudnik, S.V.Gniloskurenko, A.I.Sirko: O roli

smachivaemosti I raspredeleniia tviordich chastic v stabilizacii vspenennich aliuminievich rasplavov – Adgeziia rasplavov I paika materialov, 2009, vip.42, pp.5-22. – „Provedionnimi k nastoiashemu vremeni issledovaniiamui ubeditelno pokazano, shto vspenivanie metallicheskich rasplavov okazivaietsia nevozmozhnim pri otsutstvii v nich tviordich vkliuchenii [P41].

P41-c24. A.J.Klinter, C.A.Leon, R.A.L.Drew: The optimum contact angle range for metal foam stabilization: an experimental comparison with the theory – J. Mater Sci., 2010, vol.45, pp.2174-2180 – „Based on the experimental simulation of Sun et al., as well as a theory by Kaptay [P41], it is belived that the aluminium alloy melt needs to wet the added ceramic particles in a certain contact angle range” – p.1/7.

P41-c25. A.J.Klinter, C.A.Leon-Patino, R.A.L.Drew: Wetting phenomena of Al-Cu alloys on sapphire below 800 C – Acta Mater, 2010, vol.58, pp.1350-1360 – „As the wetting behaviour of liquid metals on ceramics strongly influences various processes like .. the quality of metal foams [P41]” – p.1350.

P40. G.Kaptay, S.V.Devyatkin: Titanium Diboride Coating Preparation in situ in the Cell by Electrochemical Synthesis – Proc. of 10th Slovakian-Norvegian Symposium on Aluminium Smelting Technology, Stara Lesna – Ziar nad Hronom, Slovakia, 21-23 September, 1999, pp. 80-84. P39. Kaptay G., Benkő Z.M., Tóth L.: The New Educational Structure of the Branch of Metallurgical Engineering at the University of Miskolc - Int. Conf. on Engineering Education 1999 (ICEE 99), August 10 - 14, 1999, Ostrava - Prague, Czech Republic. Proceedings issued on CD-ROM (ISSN 1562-3580), paper No. 157. P38. Báder E., Kaptay Gy.: Acél folyamatos öntésekor fellépő határfelületi energiák vizsgálata. Miskolci Egyetem Doktoranduszok Fóruma, Kohómérnöki kar szekció kiadványa, Miskolc, 1999, 1-6.

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P37. S.V.Devyatkin, G.Kaptay, V.I.Shapoval, I.V.Zarutskii, V.P.Lugovoi, S.A.Kuznetsov: Deposition of Titanium, Zirconium and Hafnium Diboride Coatings by High-Temperature Electrochemical Synthesis from Chloro-Fluoride Melts - in Refractory Metals in Molten Salts, ed. by D.H.Kerridge and E.G.Polyakov, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands, 1998, pp. 73-80. P37-c1. V.V.Malyshev: High-temperature electrosynthesis of metal-like refractory compounds of IV-

VI metals in ionic melts – Russian J Inorg Chem, 2003, vol.48, pp.142-148 – „.. The electrolysis conditions for the deposition of Group IVA metal diborides from chloro-fluoride melts are listed in [P37]” – p.144.

P37-c2. V.V.Malishev: Visokotemperaturnii elektrochmnicheskii sintez metallopodobnich tugoplavkich soedinenii metallov IV – VIA grupp v ionnich rasplavach – Zh. Neorg. Himii, 2004, vol.48, pp.187-194 – “Usloviia osozhdeniia diboridov metallov IVA gruppi iz hloridno-ftoridnich rasplavov obobsheni v [P37]” – p.189.

P37-c3. V.V.Malyshev: Zashitnie pokritiia tugoplavkimi soedineniiami metallov IV-VIA grupp, nanosimie iz ionnich rasplavov (obzor) – Zashita metallov, 2004, vol.40, pp.584-600 - „opisanie rezultatov [P37] v 38 strokach (az eredmények ismertetése 38 sorban, állásfoglalás nélkül)” – p.595

P37-c4. V.V.Malyshev, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis in ionic melts by the onset of XXI century – Russ J. of General Chem., 2004., vol.74, pp.1139-1146 (Zh. Obshei Himii, 2004, vol.74, pp.1233-1240) – „see Table 1” – p.1141, „COnditions for deposition of Group IVA metal diborides from chloro-fluoride melts are summarized in [P37].” – p.1141.

P37-c5. V.V.Malyshev: Electrochemical Sysnthesis of Protective Coatings of Refractory Compounds of Group Iva-Via Metals from Ionic Melts – Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals, 2007, vol.48, pp.177-183 (Izv. Vuzov Cvetnaya Metallurgiya, 2007, No.3, pp.20-27) – “The authors of [P37] refined the conditions of electrodeposition of titanium, zirconium and hafnium diborides from chloro-fluoride KCl - NaCl (1:1) - NaF - KBF4 - K2MF6 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf) melts”. – p.178. Table 1 – a line is taken from [P37]” – p.178.

P37-c6. A.I.Hab: Hig-tempearture electrochemcial synthesis of coatings of carbides, borides and silicides of metals of the IV-VI B groups from ionic melts (review) – Materials Science, 2007, vol.43, pp.383-397 (Fiziko-Himichna Mechanika Materialov, 2007, vol.43, No.3, pp.76-88) – „As noted in [P37], chloride-fluoride melts are more promising as compared with fluoride and oxofluoride melts: the former are less corrosive, the separation of products from the electrolyte is simpler, and the current yield is higher. In this work, …. 11 lines of description of the results” – p.393.

P37-c7. U.Fastner, T.Steck, A.Pascual, G.Fafilek, GE Nauer: Electrochemical deposition of TiB2 in high temperature molten salts – J Alloys Comp., 2008, vol.452, pp.32-35 – „Among all the electrolytes reported int he literature [P37] our work was focused on….. “ – p.32. “The mechanism of TiB2 cathodic deposition used in the calculations was proposed by Devyatkin and Kaptay [P37] as follows: 6 lines + 2 equations follow” – p.33.

P36. Bolyán L., Kaptay Gy.: Nedvesítési viszonyok meghatározása fémolvadék/kerámia rendszerekben a kompozitanyaggyártás optimalizálása céljából - Miskolci Egyetem Doktoranduszi Fórum (1997. nov.16). Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, 1998. Miskolc, 18 - 26 o. P35. Jánosfy Gy., Kaptay Gy.: Fémesalumínium-tartalom meghatározása aktívoxigén-mérő szondával a végtermék fémesalumínium-tartalmának beszabályozásához - XIII. Országos Nyersvas- és Acélgyártó konferencia kiadványa, II. kötet, 235-243 o., Dunaferr, 1998.

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P34. R.Román, E.Báder, G.Kaptay: Penetration of Molten Calcium Chloride and Magnesium Chloride into Porous Oxide Ceramics and Pressed Fly-Ash Substrates - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 115-116 P33. P.Barkóczy, G.Kaptay: On the Interfacial Force Acting during Liquid Phase Sintering - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 113-114 P32. M.S.Yaghmaee, G.Kaptay: Calculation of Mg-Cu Equilibrium Binary Phase Diagram - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 111-112 P31. G.Kaptay: Calculation of Equilibrium Electrochemical Synthesis Diagram fopr the Ti+4-B+3 System on the Reactive Carbon Cathode - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 109-110 P30. K.Kelemen, R.Gemela, G.Kaptay: Dinamic Study of Incorporation of Microscopic Particles into Liquid Metals - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 107-108 P29. L.Bolyán, E.Báder, G.Kaptay: Wettability of Aluminium Oxide and Silicon Oxide Ceramics by Liquid Metals - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 105-106 P28. G.Kaptay: Activity of the Working Group on Liquid Metals and Molten Salts (LIMOS Group) at the Interface of Materials and Computer Sciences in 1997 - Proc. of MICROCAD ‘98 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science and Technologies, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998, pp. 101-104 P27. G.Kaptay: Interfacial Criteria for Producing Ceramic Reinforced Metal-Matrix Composites - Proc. of the 2nd Int. Conf. High Temperature Capillarity HTC 97 held in Cracow, 29 June - 2 July 1997, ed. by N.Eustathopoulos and N.Sobczak, published in 1998 by Foundry Research Institute, Cracow, Poland. pp. 388-393 P27-c1. E.Báder: Wettability of Alumina by Liquid Magnesium and Liquid AZ91 Alloy, Materials’

World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “The wettability of alumina by magnesium is a very important factor in producing metal matrix composites [P27] or metallic foams […] consisting of these two phases” – p.1 --

P27-c2. Gao Y.G., Yao X.R., Liu Z.J., Li F.Z., Ren S.Z.: Development and application of ferrous matrix composites in foreign countries – Journal of Hefei University of Technology (Natural Science), 2006, vol.29, No.4, pp.431-436 (ref. No. 33).

P27-c3. C.Borgonovo: Aluminum Nano-composites for elevated temperature applications – MSc Thesis at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, UK, June 2010 (advisors: D.Apelian, R.D.Sisson). „When injected in the spray stram, the secondary phase tends to surround the strwam boundaries, causing inhomogeneous dispersion int he final piece [P27]” – p.23.

P26. Maziar S. Yaghmaee és Kaptay György: Ón-ólom egyensúlyi fázisdiagram számítása termodinamikai alapadatokból - Termodinamikai Közlemények 1996. Szerkesztette Lámer Géza, ELFT, Budapest, 1997, 100-112.

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P25. Kaptay Gy.: A Young egyenlet levezetése vektorok nélkül, azaz energiajellegű mennyiségekként értelmezve a határfelületi energiákat - Termodinamikai Közlemények 1996. Szerkesztette Lámer Géza, ELFT, Budapest, 1997, 90-99. P24. Buzinkay Emil, Kaptay György: Anyagtudományi célú kémiai termodinamikai adatbank fejlesztése. Első szint: szervetlen anyagok standard termodinamikai függvényei - Termodinamikai Közlemények 1996. Szerkesztette Lámer Géza, ELFT, Budapest, 1997, 86-89. P23. Bolyán László, Kaptay Gy.: Tiszta fémolvadékok határfelületi jellemzői - Termodinamikai Közlemények 1996. Szerkesztette Lámer Géza, ELFT, Budapest, 1997, 73-85. P22. Maziar Sahba Yaghmaee, G. Kaptay: Calculation of binary phase diagrams based on thermodynamic description of phases being in equilibrium - XX. Kémiai Előadói Napok, Program és előadásvázlatok, Szeged, 1997, pp. 72- 77 P21. G.Kaptay: On the Interfacial Force between Ceramic Particles and Moving Solid-Liquid Interface during Solidification of Metal Matrix Composites - Proc. of the EUROMAT 97 Conference held in Maastricht, Holland, 21-23 April 1997, published in volume 1. "Metals and Composites", pp. 435-438. P21-c1. J.Braszczinski, M.Cisowska: Proba oceny krzepniecia kompozytow hybrydovych

AlMg/SiC+Gr – Krzepniecie Metali i Stopow, 1999, Nr. 40, pp. 75-87 – „Z dotychczasowych badan wynika ponadto, ze nie sa sluszne rozwazania G.Kaptay’s [P21[ w zakresie wplywu frontu krystalizacji na rozklad czastek w osnowie,gdyz roznica grafitu i weglika krzemu nie odegrala widocznej roli w ich rozkladzie w osnowie” – pp.85-86.

P21-c2. J.Braszczynski, A.Zyska: Analysis of the influence of ceramic particles on the solidification process of metal matrix composites – Materials Science and Engineering A278 (2000) 195-203 – “… It results from this equation that the rate of the nuclei growth depends on the crystallization kinetics and the nucleation rate, so it is also dependent on the number of particles and their size. It is in good accordance with the previous theoretical analyses concerning the behaviour of the particles at the solidification front and the restriction of the crystallization growth caused by the presence of the particles [P21] “– p.202

P21-c3. Á.Borsik: Dynamic Simulation of the Movement of Ceramic Particles in front of an Approaching Solidification Front, Materials’ World (e-journal, http://materialworld.uni-miskolc.hu, July, 2001 – “ the interfacial force [P21] appears due to the interaction of surface atoms/ions/molecules of the ceramic particle and the solid metal through the thin film of the liquid metal” - p.2. –

P21-c4. J.T.Blucher, J.Dobranszky, U.Narusawa: Aluminium double composite structures reinforced with composite wires – Mater. Sci. Eng., 2004, vol.A387-389, pp.867-872 – „..successful infiltration of carbon fibers without special surface treatments was sporadic. … Al2O3, SiO, TiN. TiB as well as Cu an Ni coatings all show promising results [P21]” – p.868.

P20. L.Bolyán, G.Kaptay, S.V.Devyatkin: Wettability of Graphite by Cryolite Melt with Different Oxide Additions - Proc. of 8th Int. Congress of ICSOBA, Milan, Italy, 16-18 1997, published in TRAVAUX, vol. 24., 1997 (No 28) pp. 510-519 P19. G.Kaptay, S.V.Devyatkin: On Possibility of Preparation of Titanium Diboride Cathode Coating in situ in the Aluminum Electrolysis Cell by Electrochemical Synthesis - Proc. of 8th Int. Congress of ICSOBA, Milan, Italy, 16-18 1997, published in TRAVAUX (ICSOBA), vol. 24., 1997 (No 28) pp. 135-144

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P19-c1. R.P.Pawlek: Aluminium Wettable Cathodes: An Update – in: Light Metals 2000, Ed. by R.D.Peterson, TMS 2000, pp. 449-454 – „High temperature electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 from cryolite alumina melts containing oxides of boron and titanium was tried by Deviatkin [ ] and Kaptay [P19]… „ + 14 lines describing our results – pp. 449-450 –

P19-c2. Vedernikov G.F.: Inertnie katodi v elektroliziorach dlia proizvodstva aliuminia. Problemi i perspektivi. AO VAMI, Informacionnii listok, No.10, April 2001. – „Kaptay i Devyatkin ispolzovali visokotemperaturnii elektrochimicheskii sintez TiB2 kriolito-glinoziomnich rasplavov [P19]. DO nachala ispitanii po osazhdeniu TiB2 na grafitovich, molibdenovich i niobievich katodach, bili izucheni termodinamicheskie svoistva TiB2 v kriolito-glinoziomnich rasplavach, soderzhashich oksidi titana i bora. V sluchae ispolzovaniia ugolnich katodov adgeziia uluchalas sza chot obrazovaniia tonkogo sloia TiC meczhdu uglerodom i diboridom titana” – c.16.

P19-c3. Gorlanov ES, Nikiforov SA, Alternative technology to produce a wettable cathode surface layer in Al cells – Proc of the 12th Int. Conf. “Aluminum of Siberia” (in Russian), Krasnoyarsk, 2006, pp.91-95. – „Naibolee perspektivnii, s popitkoi adaptacii k usloviiam elektroliza v krilito-glinoziomnich rasplavach predstavlen v rabotach [P19]” – p.92.

P18. Gy. Jánosfy, Gy. Kaptay.: Theoretical Method to Determine the Deoxidation Constant of Al for Fe-Al-O System - in: Proceedings of microCAD '97 International Computer Science Conference, Section B: Metallurgy, 1997. pp. 107-110. P17. Bolyán L., Buzinkay E., Kaptay Gy.: Fémolvadék/kerámia rendszerek határfelületi jellemzői szoftver és adatbank ismertetése - in: Proceedings of microCAD '97 International Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science, Miskolc, 1997. pp. 117-118. P16. M.S.Yaghmaee, Kaptay Gy.: Calculation of Binary Eutectic Phase Diagrams on the Example of the Pb-Sn system - in: Proceedings of microCAD '97 International Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science, Miskolc, 1997. pp. 97-98. P15. Buzinkay E., Kaptay Gy: Kémiai reakciók számítására alkalmas szoftver és adatbank - in: Proceedings of microCAD '97 International Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science, Miskolc, 1997. pp. 95-96. P14. Kaptay Gy.: Az Olvadék Munkacsoport tevékenysége az Anyagtudomány és a Számítástechnika határterületén (avagy előszó három poszter bemutatónkhoz) - in: Proceedings of microCAD '97 International Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science, Miskolc, 1997. pp. 39-42. P13. S.V.Deviatkin, K.I.Arsenin, G.Kaptay: High Temperature Interaction of Boron Oxide with Aluminum Fluoride - in Proc of the 10th International Symposium on Molten Salts, edited by R.T.Carlin, S.Deki, M.Matsunaga, D.S.Newman, J.R.Selman, G.R.Stafford, Electrochemical Society Proceedings, volume 96-7, 1996, pp. 312-319. P13-c1. A.S.Uzdenova: Elektrochimicseskoe vosstanovlenie i sintez soedinenii gadoliniia, bora i

aluminiia v galogenidnich rasplavach – Dissertacia na soiskanie uchionoi stepeni kandidata khimicheskich nauk, Nalchik, 2000, 313 pp.: „..V rabote [P13] IK-spektroskopiei i derivatografiei izucheno visokotemperaturnoe vzaimodeistvie B2O3 s AlF3. Naideno obrazovanie letuchego BF3 i nekotorich kompleksnich Al-B-oksidov, kotorie okazivaiut stabiliziruiussee deistvie na bor pri moliarnom sootnoshenii B2O3:AlF3 = 1:2 i nizhe.”, 31. o.

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P12. V.P.Lugovoi, S.V.Deviatkin, G.Kaptay, S.A.Kuznetsov: High Temperature Electrochemical Synthesis of Zirconium Diboride from Chloro-Fluoride Melts - in Proc of the 10th International Symposium on Molten Salts, edited by R.T.Carlin, S.Deki, M.Matsunaga, D.S.Newman, J.R.Selman, G.R.Stafford, Electrochemical Society Proceedings, volume 96-7, 1996, pp. 303-311. P12-c1. V.V.Malishev: Visokotemperaturnii elektrochmnicheskii sintez metallopodobnich

tugoplavkich soedinenii metallov IV – VIA grupp v ionnich rasplavach – Zh. Neorg. Himii, 2004, vol.48, pp.187-194 – “Dalneishee razvitie VES diborida cirkonia iz hlordnich, ftoridnich i oksidnich rasplavov rassmotren v [P12]. Termodinamicheskim rasschotom pokazano, shto raznost ravnovesnich potencialov cirkoniia i bora sostavliaet 0.75 V (pri 973 K), 0.53 V (pri 973 K) i 0.45 V (pri 1273 K) cootvetstvenno. Cepcialnie pokritiia ZrB2 na steklouglerode iz rasplava NaCl + KCl + k2ZrF6 + KBF4 + NaF polucheni lish pri dobavke B2O3 (dlia snizheniia katodnoi passivacii) i plotnosti toka 0.05 – 0.5 A/cm2. Uvelichenie plotnosti toka privodit k obrazovaniu poroshkovich osadkov” – p.189.

P12-c2. V.V.Malyshev: High-temperature electrosynthesis of metal-like refractory compounds of group IV-VI metals in ionic melts – Russian J Inorg Chem, 2003, vol.48, pp.142-148 – „Further advances int he electrosynthesis of zirconium diboride in chloride, fluoride and oxide melts are considered in [P12]” – p.144.

P12-c3. V.V.Malyshev, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis in ionic melts by the onset of XXI century – Russ J. of General Chem., 2004., vol.74, pp.1139-1146 (Zh. Obshei Himii, 2004, vol.74, pp.1233-1240) - – „see Table 1” – p.1141, „Further advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis of zirconiuum diboride from chloride, fluoride and oxide malts were considered in [P12]” – p.1141.

P12-c4. Shumakova NI, Procenko ZM, Gudakova GO, Bugaenko VV: Fazovii, elementnii sklad ta mikrostruktura elektrolitichno otrimanich poroshkopodobnich produktiv na osnovi siliciiu, titanu, boru ta ich spoluk – Bisnik Sumskogo Derzhavnogo Universiteta, Seriia Fizika, matematika, mechanika, 2004, No. 10 (69), 196-205.

P12-c5. VV Bugaenko, ZM Procenko, NI Shumakova: Fazovii, elmentnii ta granulometrichnii sklad elektrolitichno otrimanich poroshkopodobnich produktiv na osnovi boridiv titanu – Bisnuk SumDU, 2006, No.6, pp.114-122 – „Odnim iz bagatoh metodiv oderzhaniia boridiv metalic s visokotemperaturnii elektrohimichnii sintez (VES) b rozplavlenich soliovich elektrolitach, iakii s perspektivnim metodom oderzhaniia poroshkopodobnich boridiv metaliv ta nemetaliv [P12]” – p.115.

P11. L. Bolyán, E. Buzinkay, G. Kaptay : Szoftver és adatbank tiszta fémolvadékok fizikai tulajdonságainak számolására a hőmérséklet függvényében. in: Proceedings of microCAD '96 International Computer Science Conference, Section C: Materials Science, Miskolc, 1996. pp. 53-54. P10. L. Bolyán, G. Kaptay : Tiszta fémolvadékok felületi feszültségének számolására alkalmas szakértői rendszer. in: Proceedings of microCAD '95 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Material Science, Miskolc, 1995., pp.147-152. P9. E. Buzinkay, G. Kaptay: Anyagtudományi célú kémiai-termodinamikai adatbank fejlesztése. in: Proceedings of microCAD '95 Int. Computer Science Conference, Section C: Material Science, Miskolc, 1995., pp.142-146. P8. Kaptay Gy.: Anyagtudományi célú kémiai-termodinamikai adatbank tervezete. in: "Termodinamikai Előadások", szerk. Lámer G., ELFT, Budapest, 1994., pp. 171-173. P7. Deviatkin Sz., Kaptay Gy., Berecz E.: Stabil sztöchiometriájú fémboridok elektrokémiai szintézisének kémiai-termodinamikai kritériumai. in: "Termodinamikai Előadások", szerk. Lámer G., ELFT, Budapest, 1994., pp.165-170.

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P6. Kaptay Gy., Lámer G.: Alakadás mikrogravitációban. in: "Termodinamikai Előadások", szerk. Lámer G., ELFT, Budapest, 1994., pp.72-75. P5. Kaptay Gy.: Asszociált elegymodellek alkalmazása fém- és sóolvadék elegyek termodinamikai leírásához. in: "Termodinamikai Előadások", szerk. Lámer G., ELFT, Budapest, 1994., pp.48-53. P4. S.V.Deviatkin, G.Kaptay, E.Berecz : High-temperature electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 from cryolite-alumina melts containing oxides of Boron and Titanium. In Proc. of the 9th Int. Symp. on Molten Salts, edited by C.L.Hussey, D.S.Newman, G.Mamantov, Y.Ito. Proc. volume 94-13 of the Electrochemical Society Inc, pp. 548-557. P4-c1: L.P.Polyakova, E.G.Polyakov, N.J.Bjerrum: The study of electrode processes in LiF-NaF-KF-

K2TaF7-KBF4 melt – Plasmas and Ions, 1999, 2, 117-125 – „Analysis of the literature shows that the relevant publications are mostly dedicated to the synthesis of titanium and zirconium borides [P4].” p.117 –

P4-c2. S.A.Kuznetsov: Elektrokhimicheskii sintez visokotemperaturnich boridov iz solevich rasplavov – Elektrokhimiia, 1999, t.35., No.11., 1301-1317 – “Sostav elektrolitov i usloviia polucheniia tugoplavkich boridov predstavleni v tabl.2. [P4]..” p. 1311

P4-c3. N.Ene: Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry of TiB2 in molten electrolyte – Rev Roum de Chimie, 1999, vol.44, pp.643-650. – „The equilibrium potential needed for the synthesis to occur is given by the equation [P4]: {equation cited}” – p.648

P4-c4. R.P.Pawlek: Aluminium Wettable Cathodes: An Update – in: Light Metals 2000, Ed. by R.D.Peterson, TMS 2000, pp. 449-454 – „High temperature electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 from cryolite alumina melts containing oxides of boron and titanium was tried by Deviatkin [P4] and Kaptay [ ]… „ + 14 lines describing our results – pp. 449-450 –

P4-c5. Vedernikov G.F.: Inertnie katodi v elektroliziorach dlia proizvodstva aliuminia. Problemi i perspektivi. AO VAMI, Informacionnii listok, No.10, April 2001. – Devyatkin i dr. ispolzovali visokotemperaturnii elektrochimicheskii sintez TiB2 kriolito-glinoziomnich rasplavov, soderzhashich oksidi bora i titana [P4]”. – c.16.

P4-c6. P.Taxil, P.Chamelot, L.Massot, C.Hamel: Electrodeposition of alloys or compounds in molten salts and applications – J. of Mining and Metallurgy, 2003, vol.39B, pp.177-200 – „In the industry of aluminium electrowinning, titanium or zirconium borides are possibly used to protect the carbon cathodes from the electrolyte insertion. Numerous works are dedicated to the preparation of these compounds by the electrodeposition in molten salts, either in molten fluorides or in cryolithe meia [P4]” – p.178.

P4-c7. V.V.Malyshev: High-temperature electrosynthesis of metal-like refractory compounds of IV-VI metals in ionic melts – Russian J Inorg Chem, 2003, vol.48, pp.142-148 – „.. Devyatkin et al. [P4] carried out a thermodynamic plausability analysis of the electrosynthesis of TiB2 and found the conditions for the formation of this compound. They noted that a TiC film forms on graphite cathode early in the process, favoring a better adherence of TiB2 layers” – p.144.

P4-c8. V.V.Malishev: Visokotemperaturnii elektrochmnicheskii sintez metallopodobnich tugoplavkich soedinenii metallov IV – VIA grupp v ionnich rasplavach – Zh. Neorg. Himii, 2004, vol.48, pp.187-194 – “…VES diboridov metallov IVA gruppi vozmozhen i iz kriolito-glinoziomnich rasplavov. Primenenie etich rasplavov s prakticheskoi tochki zreniia neobhodimo dlia zashiti grafitovich elektrodov i polucheniia aliuminievich ligatur. Termodinamicheskaia ocenka vozmozhnosti elektrosinteza TiB2 i usloviia ego eksperimentalnogo osushestvleniia pokazani v [P4]. Avtori otmechaiut, shto v nachalnii moment osazhdeniia na grafitovich katodach obrazuetsia sloi karbida titana TiC, sposobstvuiushii uvelicheniu scepleniia dalneishich sloev TiB2 s materialom katoda” – p.189.

P4-c9. V.V.Malyshev, Kh.B.Kushkhov: Advances in high-temperature electrochemical synthesis in ionic melts by the onset of XXI century – Russ J. of General Chem., 2004., vol.74, pp.1139-1146 (Zh. Obshei Himii, 2004, vol.74, pp.1233-1240) – – „see Table 1” – p.1141, „The possibility and experimental conditions of electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 are evaluated thermodynamically in [P4]. It is noted, that initially a TiC layer is formed on the graphite cathode – this layer improves the adhesion of the subsequently deposited TiB2 layers on the cathode material” – p.1141.

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P4-c10. Gorlanov ES, Nikiforov SA, Alternative technology to produce a wettable cathode surface layer in Al cells – Proc of the 12th Int. Conf. “Aluminum of Siberia” (in Russian), Krasnoyarsk, 2006, pp.91-95. – „Naibolee perspektivnii, s popitkoi adaptacii k usloviiam elektroliza v krilito-glinoziomnich rasplavach predstavlen v rabotach [P4]” – p.92.

P3. S.V.Deviatkin, G.Kaptay, V.I.Shapoval, E.Berecz Electrochemical synthesis of transition metal diborides from molten salts - in : Proceedings of the International Symposium on Molten Salt Chemistry and Technology, 1993, Ed. by M-L. Saboungi and H. Kojima, Proc. vol.93-9 of the Electrochemical Society Inc., pp. 584-599. P3-c1. S.A.Kuznetsov, A.L.Glagolevskaya, A.T.Belyaevskii: Electrodeposition of Tantalum Boride

Coatings in Salt Melts - Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, vol.67, No7., Part1, 1994, pp. 967-973 – “Dannie po visokotemperaturnomu elektrohimicheskomu sintezu boridov tantala prakticheski otsutstvuiut, lish v rabotah [P3], gde izuchalis katodnie processi, imeiutsia otdelnie ukazaniia po ih polucheniiu.” p.1093 --

P3-c2. L.P.Polyakova, G.A.Bukatova, E.G.Polyakov, E.Kristensen, I.Barner, N.Bjerrum: Katodnie processi pro vosstanovlenii bora vo ftoridnom rasplave – Elektrokhimiia, 1995, tom 31, No 12, 1348-1353 – „Bolsinstve avtorov [P3] nahodiat ego (katodnoe videlenie bora) odnostadiinim ….” p. 1348 --

P3-c3. L.P.Polyakova, G.A.Bukatova, E.G.Polyakov, E.Christensen, J.H. von Barner, N.J.Bjerrum: Electrochemical Behaviour of Boron in LiF-NaF-KF Melts - J. Electrochem. Soc., vol 143, No 10., 1996, pp. 3178-3186 – „These authors as well as others [P3] suggested that the process of boron(III) reduction in chloride-fluoride and fluoride melts proceeded in one step without the particpation of intermediates…” p.3179

P3-c4. E.Polyakov, O.Makarova, L.Polyakova, A.Shevyryov, E.Christensen, N.J.Bjerrum: Electrodeposition of Tantalum Boride Coatings from Oxo-fluoride Melts - Molten Salt Forum, vols 5-6, 1998, 375-378 – „In the 90’s electrochemical synthesis of tantalum borides attracted the attention of scientists [P3].” p.375 --

P3-c5. N.Ene: Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry of TiB2 in molten electrolyte, Roumanian Chemical Quarterly Reviews, 1998, 6(4), 233-245 – „Thermodynamic estimation of the possibility of electrochemical synthesis of TiB2 from cryolite based electrolytes has been carried out using the general equation [P3]: {egyenelet}. This equation and the existing electrochemical and thermodynamic data […] afforded the calculation of the following theoretical equilibrium deposition potential in cryolite basewd electrolytes containing dissolved B2O3 and TiO2 at 1273 K (Table 1) (9 soros táblázat számításokkal az egyenlet segítségével) – 238.o.

P3-c6: L.P.Polyakova, E.G.Polyakov, G.A.Bukatova, A.A.Shevyryov, A.V.Makarova. N.J.Bjerrum: Study of Electrode Processes in FLINAK-K2TaF7-KBF4 melt - in Refractory Metals in Molten Salts (Their Chemistry, Electrochemistry and Technology), ed. by D.H.Kerridgeand E.G.Polyakov - Kluwer Academic Publishers, vol.3/53, 1998, pp. 103-108. – „The data on electrochemical synthesis of tantalum borides are contradictory and limited by the area of chloro-fluoride melts [P3]” p. 103 --

P3-c7: L.P.Polyakova, E.G.Polyakov, N.J.Bjerrum: The study of electrode processes in LiF-NaF-KF-K2TaF7-KBF4 melt – Plasmas and Ions, 1999, 2, 117-125 – „The data on high-temperature electrochemical synthesis of tantalum borides are few [P3] and mostly deal with mixed chloro-fluoride electrolytes.” p.117 --

P3-c8. S.A.Kuznetsov: Elektrokhimicheskii sintez visokotemperaturnich boridov iz solevich rasplavov – Elektrokhimiia, 1999, t.35., No.11., 1301-1317 – “Sostav elektrolitov i usloviia polucheniia tugoplavkich boridov predstavleni v tabl.2. [P3]..” pp. 1311

P3-c9. N.Ene: Electrosynthesis and electrochemistry of TiB2 in molten electrolyte – Rev. Roum. De Chimie, 1999, vol.44, pp.643-650 (ref.No.9)

P3-c10. S.A.Kuznetsov: Elektrochimicheskii sintez novich soedineniiu i perspektivnich materialov razlichnogo funkcionalnogo naznacheniia v solevich rasplavach – Otchot gos zakaz, 2004 (Ref. No.5). – „Termodinamicheskomu obosnovaniu processov elektrochimicheskogo sinteza, osnovannomu na sopostovlenii temperaturnich zavisimostei potencialov videleniia metallov i bora iz nich razlichnich soedinenii posviashena rabota [P3]” – p.1.

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P3-c11. N.Rybakova, M.Souto, Y.Andriyko, W.Artner, J.Godinho, G.E.Nauer: Morphology and mechanical properties of TiB2 coatings deposited from chloride-fluoride melts by pulse electroplating – J Electrochem Soc, 2009, vol.156, pp.D131-D137 – „The method of electrochemical depostion of TiB2 from molten salt electrolytes, which was developing over the last decades, is more flexible [P3]” – p. D131.

P3-c12. N.Rybakova, M.Souto, H.P.Martinz, Y.Andriyko, W.Artner, J.Godinho, G.E.Nauer: Stability of electroplated titanium diboride coatings in high-temperature corrosive media – Corrosion Science, 2009, vol.51, pp.1315-1321 – The electrodeposition of TiB2 from molten salts is significantly faster, less expensive and permits to obtain well defined and smooth deposits on different substrates with complicated surface profiles and homogeneous layer thickness [P3]” – p. 1315.

P3-c13. JRA Godinho: Optimization of TiB2 coatings electrodepisted from halide melts – Master dissertation in Chemistry, April 2008, 70 pp. – “From the 90-s onward some practical aspects of the deposition of different borides (e.g. TiB2) were clarified, along with the basic electrochemical techniques and thermodynamic calculations [P3]” – p.10.

P2. Kaptay Gy., Akhmedov S.N., Borisoglebskii Yu.V., Deviatkin S.V., Berecz E. Új anyagok az alumínium elektrolízisben - In: "A Kohómérnöki Kar kutatási eredményei", Miskolci Egyetem, Miskolc, 1992. június 25. pp. 101 - 109. P1. Borisoglebskiy Yu.V., Akhmedov S.N., Kaptay G., Vetyukov M.M. Corrosion of metal-like refractory materials in chloroaluminate melts and molten aluminum. In : "Proc. of EUROCORR'91", ed. by I.Karl and M.Bod, vol.I., pp.313-318.

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M. Selected manuscripts (with citations)

M507. Kaptay Gy.: Tantárgyi kommunikációs dosszié és tantárgyleírás a Határfelületi nano-jelenségek c. BSc tantárgyhoz. Javított és kiegészített verzió, 79 oldal, 2010. május 18. M507-c1. Pázmán J.: Szilíciumkarbid szemcsék kémiai nikkelezése és fémkompozitokban történő

alkalmazása – PhD disszertáció (tud. vez.: Gácsi Z.), Miskolc, 2010. – „1.19. ábra. Szilárd/folyadék/gáz határfelület nedvesíthetőség és a peremszög kapcsolata [M507]” – 27.o.

M.343. Az Fe-Mn ausztenitben oldott karbon aktivitása, illetve a karbon diffúzió hajtóereje - Réger Mihály részére, 2008. október 11-12, 7 pp. M343-c1: M.Réger, B.Verő, I.Kardos, P.Varga: The effects of alloying elements on centerline

segregation – Defect Diff Forum, 2010, vol.297-301, pp.148-153. – „Fig.4 compares the carbon activity results of three models [M343]…” – p.150.

M.305. Az Estphad függvények alkalmazhatósága monotektikus diagramok szétválási görbéjének leírására (Roósz András, Mende Tamás és Farkas János részére, Mende Tamás TDK-ja nyomán, 2008. február 15-16., George) – 8 oldal. M.305-c1. T.Mende, A.Roosz: Calculation of the miscibility gap by Estphad method – Mater Sci

Forum, 2010, vol.659, pp.423-428. – The function of concentration of separation temperature can be derived from the regular solution model [M305]: … Eq.(2)” – p.424. „The boundary condition can be fulfilled by introducing the quantity having a character of X* mole fraction as well as by introducing the k dimensionless coefficient and they can be included int he correction factor [M305]” – p.425.

M.170. Kaptay Gy.: Fémolvadék széterülésének feltétele fémolvadékon monotektikus rendszerekben - Svéda Marika és munkatársai részére, 2004. február 20., 4 oldal M170-c1. Svéda Mária: Monotektikus felületi rétegek létrehozása lézersugaras felületkezeléssel c. PhD

értekezéséhez (tudományos vezető: dr. Roósz András) – 2007 (Ref. No.44). M.163. Kaptay G: Határfelületi energiák, erők és jelenségek fizikai-kémiai modellezése a metallurgia és a fémes anyagmérnökség egyes területein – MTA doktori értekezés, 2003. szeptember, 141 pp M163-c1. N.Babcsan, D.Leitlmeier, H.P.Degischer: Foamibility of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Melt

– Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 2003, vol.34, pp.1-8 (ref. No.31) M163-c2. N.Babcsán: Ceramic Particle Stabilized Aluminum Foams – PhD Dissertation, Miskolc,

2003 (ref. No.93) M163-c3. A.Ender, H.van den Boom, H.Kwast, H-U. Lindenberg – metallurgical development in steel-

plant-internal multi-injection hot metal desulphurozation – Steel Research Int., 2005, vol.76, ppp.562-572

M142. Kaptay Gy.: Az ESTPHAD algoritmus (történelem lecke + sztandartizálási javaslat) – dr. Roósz A., Farkas J., Kövér Zs. és Mende T. r., 2002. november 24., 11 o. M142-c1. Zs.Kövér, A.Roósz: Calculation of the equilibrium phase diagram of Fe-Ni alloy

system by the ESTPHAD method – Materials Science Forum, 2006, vol.508, pp.609-614 (No.1)

M142-c2. J.Farkas, A.Roósz: Calculation of the liquidus and solidus surface of Al-rich corner of Al-Mg-Si alloy system by ESTPHAD method – Materials Science Forum, 2006, vol.508, pp.635-640 (No.1)

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M112. Kaptay Gy.: WC szemcsék kémiai kölcsönhatása Al-4Cu-1Si olvadékkal (egyszerűsített termodinamikai analízis) - rövid feljegyzés Roósz András és Sólyom Jenő részére, 2001. augusztus 7., 6 oldal. M112-c1. J.Sólyom, A.Roósz, I.Teleszky, B.Sólyom: Laser Alloying of the Surface Layer of

Al4.5Cu1Si Alloy with TiC and WC Particles – Materials Science Forum, 2003, vols. 414-415, pp.37-44 (ref. No.8).

M61. Kaptay Gy., M.Z.Yaghmaee, Jánosfy Gy., Károly Gy.: A Fe-Al-N-B olvadékrendszer termodinamikai vizsgálata. részjelentés, mely készült a „A bórral mikroötvözött acélok gyártásbiztonságának és megfelelőségének további javítása” c., DAM-kutatási témához. Miskolc, 1999 május-június. M61.-a: Maziar’s summer work, 1999 September. M61-c1. Besztercey Viktor: A bór mikroötvözés metallurgiai szempontjai. Miskolci Egyetem

Doktoranduszok Fóruma, Miskolc, 1999. november 4-5. Kohómérnöki Kar szekciókiadványa, Miskolc-Egyetemváros, 2000., pp. 28-33 (reference No. 6.).

M60. Kaptay Gy., Z.Benkõ Mária: LD konverter fizikai-neurális, vagy neurális-fizikai hibrid modelljének fizikai-kémiai alapjai. Miskolc, 1999. június. 46 oldal. M60-c1. P.Berényi, J.Valyon, G.Horváth: Neural Modelling of Industrial Process with Noisy data - in:

„Engineering of Intelligent Systems, IEA/AIE 2001, LNAI 2070“, edited by L.Monostori, J.Váncza, M.Ali, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 2001, pp.269-280.

M50. Kaptay Gy.: Határfelületi energiák és jelenségek vizsgálata metallurgiai és anyagmérnöki technológiákban - Habilitációs tézisfüzet, Miskolci Egyetem, 1998. augusztus 30., 60 oldal. M50-c1. P.Harmat, I.Kotsis, L.Laczkó, L.Bartha: Melting and phase transformation of hardmetal

powders – Solid State Ionics, 2001, vol.141-142, pp.157-161 (ref. No.7). M50-c2. G.Králik, P.Fülöp, B.Verő, D.Zsámbok: Laser Surface Treatment of Steels – Materials

Science Forum, 2003, vols.414-415, pp.21-30 (ref. No.2). M.6. Kaptay G. Study of chemical interaction of high-temperature chloro-aluminate melts with liquid aluminum, some refractory materials and oxygen with the aim of developing a new aluminum electrolysis process. (in Russian) - Ph.D. Thesis, Leningrad, 1988, 268 p. M6-c1. Akhmedov S.N.: Study of durability of refractory materials in Aluminium containing melts in

order to their usage in Aluminium electrolysis cells. (in Russian). PhD Thesis, Leningrad, 1988, 267 p. (reference No 124)

110

Statistics

Fig.1.a

Fig.1.b

Fig.1. The dynamics of publications (Fig.1.a), independent citations (Fig.1.a) and h-index calculated from independent citations (Fig.1.b) till 2009

y = 0,0288x2 - 1,6024x + 22,706R2 = 0,9853

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

25 30 35 40 45 50

Age

h-in

dex

dh/dt=1/2

dh/dt=1

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010Year

cita

tions

/pub

licat

ions

papers

independent citations

111

The scientometric statistics of young researchers supervised by me

(based only on papers, written with me) No Year of

1st joint paper

Name Joint papers,

N

Citations C

h

Ch / dh/dt

1 1988 George Kaptay 271 820 13 0,45 0.59 2 1991 Sergey Devyatkin 22 63 6 0.65 0.35 3 1995 Emil Buzinkay 6 2 1 0.71 0.07 4 1995 László Bolyán 15 47 3 0.44 0.20 5 1997 Maziar S. Yaghmaee 20 16 2 0.50 0.15 6 1997 Gyula Jánosfy 8 2 1 0.71 0.08 7 1998 Enikő Báder 13 24 2 0.41 0.17 8 1998 Péter Barkóczy 1 0 0 0 0 9 1999 Zsuzsa H. Göndör 11 1 1 0.3 0.09

10 1999 Barbara Tury 5 5 2 0.89 0.18 11 1999 Mária Z. Benkő 16 18 2 0.47 0.18 12 1999 Roland Gemela 2 1 1 1 0.09 13 1999 Katalin K. Kelemen 12 8 2 0.71 0.18 14 1999 Jaroslav Sytchev 32 47 3 0.44 0.27 15 2000 László Zoltai 6 1 1 1 0.10 16 2000 Renáta Román 5 0 0 0 0 17 2000 Ákos Borsik 8 4 1 0.50 0.10 18 2000 Gábor Csicsovszki 3 2 1 0.71 0.10 19 2001 Erzsébet Cserta 1 1 1 1 0.11 20 2001 Melinda Árk 1 1 1 1 0.11 21 2002 Olga Verezub 12 3 1 0.58 0.13 22 2002 Péter Baumli 9 9 2 0.67 0.25 23 2002 Csaba Varga 2 0 0 0 0 24 2003 János Farkas 1 3 1 0.58 0.2 25 2003 Natasha Borisenko 5 4 1 0.5 0.2 26 2003 Zsolt Demeter 1 0 0 0 0 27 2003 Tamás Bárczy 5 16 2 0.50 0.28 28 2004 István Budai 6 18 2 0.47 0.33 29 2004 Taishi Matsushita 2 2 1 0.71 0.25 30 2007 Tamás Gábor 2 1 1 1 0.33 31 2008 Csaba Mekler 1 1 1 1 0.5

112

Statistics for independent citations of my papers and the calculation of my h-index*

Papers with the given number of independent citations Citations

Code of papers (see the list above) Partial No Total

1 J35, J43, J47, J49, J56, J59, J61, J64, J70, J75, J83, J87, J88, J89, J98, J105, J107, J120, J121, P13, P46, P47, P49, P72, P86, P108, M57, M60, M135, M198, M305, M343, M507, B5

37 93 – 127

2 J10, J26, J27, J30, J44, J45, J47, J65, J66, J79, J81, J86, J100, J103, J122, J125,

16 77 – 92

3 J5, J32, J33, J36, J60, J77, J78, J93, J106, J108, J112, J116, P19, P27, P58, M187

17 60 – 76

4 J14, J15, J29, J71, J74, J92, J99, J110, P21, P103, 9 50 – 59 5 J20, J39, J82, J85, J101, J115, P12, B1, 8 42 – 49 6 J51, J67, 2 40 – 41 7 J19, J31, J53, J62, P37, 5 35 – 39 8 J3, J90, J91, J104, J117, P105, 6 29 – 34 9 J25, J32a, J37, J109, 4 25 – 28 10 J24, J97, P4, P96, B2, 5 20 – 24 11 J95, J96, 2 18 - 19 12 J94, P65 2 16 – 17 13 J34, J80, P3, 3 13 – 15 14 J28 1 12 15 -- -- 16 P77, J23 2 10 – 11 17 J57 1 9 18 19 20 21 J48 1 8 22 P79 1 7 23 24 25 P41 1 6 26 27 28 29 J87 1 5 30 J11 1 4 31 32 33 34 35 J46 1 3 36 37 J102 1 2 38 39

113

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87

114

88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 J84 1 1

*The h-factor is the number of papers, for which at least the same number of independent citations is obtained. As follows from the table above, my current h-index is: h = 13.