dr f j. j - frank jochem · 2006. 10. 5. · sub-populations with different apparent dna content in...

APPLICATION FOR TENURE AND PROMOTION

TO ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR

DR. FRANK J. JOCHEM

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

SEPTEMBER 2006

BIOGRAPHICAL SUMMARY I, Dr. Frank J. Jochem, hold a Master’s (Diplom) and Ph.D. (Doctorate) degree in biological oceanography from the Institute of Marine Sciences at the Christian-Albrechts-University in Kiel, Germany. After 11 years of scientific work in Kiel, as graduate student, research scientist (with faculty member status), and research assistant professor, I moved to the Marine Science Institute of the University of Texas at Austin, Port Aransas, TX, for two years before I joined the Marine Biology Program at Florida International University as an assistant professor in 2001. During my tenure at Kiel University, my research focused on the at that time newly discovered phototrophic picoplankton, phytoplankton productivity and ecology, including harmful algal and cyanobacterial blooms in the Baltic Sea, and microbial food web composition and dynamics in as diverse marine systems as the Baltic Sea, Atlantic and Indian Oceans, the Caribbean Sea, and the Antarctic Ocean. I was also among the pioneers introducing analytical flow cytometry into marine sciences. During my time in Texas and Florida, I expanded my work scope into bacterial productivity, community composition, and biogeochemical nitrogen cycling within the microbial food web. Current work entails the spatial and temporal dynamics of bacterioplankton commun-ity composition assessed by flow cytometry, genetic fingerprinting, and quantitative real-time PCR in relation to environmental gradients, trophic interactions in the microbial food web, and biogeochemical nitrogen cycling in Florida Bay, Lake Erie, and the Gulf of Mexico. I also work on novel molecular techniques to assess in-situ growth rates of phytoplankton and toxin pro-duction-related gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. One of the major responsibilities upon hiring me as assistant professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at FIU was to assist in the development of the new Marine Biology Program at Biscayne Bay Campus in teaching, research, and administrative efforts. Consequently, I was, and continue to be, involved significantly in the curriculum development and implementation of the Marine Biology Program, teaching offerings in Marine Biology and Biology at BBC, the development of research facilities and the establishment of an active and extramurally funded research program at BBC, and the administration of the new Marine Biology Program. I seek tenure and promotion to associate professor at Florida International University because I would like to continue to help building and, perhaps in my professional lifetime, completing the development of my vision of a productive, high-quality, and internationally renowned Marine Biology/Marine Sciences Program at FIU-BBC, which drew me to this university when the assistant professorship was offered to me in 2000, long before a Marine Biology Program started to exist.

TABLE OF CONTENTS (following the FIU Tenure and Promotion Manual, latest version of August 2006)

1. Table of Contents 2. Application Form a. Cover Page b. Votes & Signatures . Curriculum Vitae 4. Department Statement a. Department Procedures b. Department Evaluation 5. Chairperson’s Evaluations a. Chairperson’s Recommendation b. Annual Assignments c. Annual Evaluations d. Tenure and Promotion Appraisals 6. School/College Committee’s Statement 7. Dean’s Recommendation 8. Provost/Vice-President for Academic Affairs’ Recommendation 9. Solicited Letters of Recommendation a. Procedures Used to Solicit Letters of Recommendation b. Recommendation Letters (1) Outside Letters (2) FIU Letters (3) Unsolicited Letters 10. Teaching a. List and Timetable of Courses Taught at FIU b. Graduate Student Supervision c. Course, Curriculum Development Activities d. Department Statement Describing Procedures to Evaluate Teaching e. Student Evaluations (1) Sample Copy of Student Evaluation Questionnaire (2) Table Summarizing Student Evaluations for Each Year at FIU (3) Individual Course Evaluations f. Peer Evaluations of Teaching g. Other Teaching-Related Activities

11. Research/Scholarship/Creative Activities a. Publications (1) Referred Publications (2) Non-refereed Publications (3) Books and Book Chapters (4) Other Publications (Public Writing) b. Papers/Presentations at Meetings/Conferences (1) International Scientific Meetings (2) National Scientific Meetings (3) Institutional Seminars c. Research Grants/Contracts (1) Funded Research Proposals and Contracts (2) Unfunded Research Proposals d. Technical Reports e. Major Work in Progress (1) Manuscripts Submitted for Publication (2) Manuscripts in Preparation (3) Competitive Research Proposals in Preparation (4) Current Research Projects 12. Service a. Professional Service (1) Service to Professional Associations/Societies

(2) Service to the Community or Public (3) Professional Service that Results in Remuneration

b. University Service (1) to the Department (2) to the School/College (3) to the University (4) Service in Teaching

13. Awards and Honors 14. Supportive Information

- Supportive information for Section 11.b. Papers/Presentations at Conferences - Supportive information for Section 11.e.(1) Major Work in Progress, Manu-

scripts Submitted for Consideration - Supportive information for Section 11.e.(3) Major Work in Progress, Future

Grant Proposals - Supportive information for Section 12.a.(1).iii. Professional Service, Peer-

Review for Scientific Journals - Supportive information for Section 12.a.(1).iv. Professional Service, Review for

Funding Agencies - Supportive information for Section 12.a.(2) Service to the Community or Public

FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

TENURE AND PROMOTION APPLICATION FORM __X__ TENURE AND PROMOTION _____ TENURE ONLY _____ PROMOTION ONLY (PROPOSED NEW RANK) This form provides a format for the information to be submitted to the office of the provost/vice president for academic affairs. Additional supporting information may be required by the committees or administrative officers of the department or college and such information should be retained by the appropriate unit to be available upon request by the office of academic affairs. Note: the tenure CIP code can be obtained from institutional research’s webpage under program inventory (http://www.fiu.edu/~instires/degpgms.pdf). NAME: Dr. Frank J. Jochem CURRENT RANK: Assistant Professor TENURE CIP CODE: DATE: COLLEGE/SCHOOL: College of Arts & Sciences DEPARTMENT: Department of Biological Sciences Applicants must attach a completed university tenure and promotion curriculum vitae TENURE APPLICANTS ONLY (1) the number of years in tenure-earning position(s) at FIU that will be completed at the end of

the current academic year is: _______six____________. (2) number of years in tenure-earning positions at another university or equivalent experience to

be credited toward nomination is: _________________. Provide justification (reason) for the number of years request in (2).

VOTES AND SIGNATURES PAGE NAME: __Dr. Frank J. Jochem________ DEPARTMENT: ____Biological Sciences________

DEPARTMENTAL ACTION DEPARTMENT FACULTY PROMOTION: FOR ________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ ABSENT ____________ TENURE: FOR________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ ABSENT ____________ Signature of Committee Chairperson Date DEPARTMENT CHAIRPERSON Check here if vote is included above: ( ) PROMOTION: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ TENURE: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ Signature of Department Chairperson Date VOTE OF COLLEGE/SCHOOL COMMITTEE PROMOTION: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ TENURE: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ Signature of Committee Chairperson Date

DEAN OF COLLEGE/SCHOOL PROMOTION: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ TENURE: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ Signature of Dean Date PROVOST/VICE PRESIDENT FOR ACADEMIC AFFAIRS PROMOTION: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ TENURE: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ Signature of Provost/Vice President Date PRESIDENT PROMOTION: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ TENURE: FOR _________ AGAINST ___________ ABSTAINED __________ Signature of President Date

FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY

CURRICULUM VITAE FOR TENURE AND PROMOTION CERTIFICATION (Must be signed by candidate and by chairperson) I hereby certify that the information provided in this curriculum vitae is accurate and complete to the best of my knowledge. I understand that if I have knowingly provided false information or omitted relevant information, I may be subject to disciplinary action, including termination. Signature of Candidate Date Signature of Chairperson Date

TENURE AND PROMOTION CURRICULUM VITAE OF

DR. FRANK J. JOCHEM DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Marine Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University,

3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181; USA Phone: (305) 919 5882; Fax (305) 919 5896; Email: [email protected]

EDUCATION Degree Institution Field Dates ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ph.D. (Dr.) Christian-Albrechts-University, Biological Oceanography 1990 Kiel, Germany M.Sc. (Dipl.) Christian-Albrechts-University, Biological Oceanography 1987 Kiel, Germany B.Sc. Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany Biology 1984 FULL-TIME ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE Institution Rank Field Dates (Month/Year) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Florida International University Assistant Marine Microbial 02/2001 – present Dept. Biological Sciences Professor Ecology University of Texas at Austin Post-doctoral Marine Microbial 04/1999 – 01/2001 Marine Science Institute Fellow Ecology Stanford University Guest Marine Microbial 02/1996 – 08/1996 Hopkins Marine Station Scientist Ecology Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Guest Marine Microbial 06/1993 – 11/1993 Sciences Scientist Ecology Institute of Marine Sciences at the Research Marine Microbial 06/1993 – 05/1997 University of Kiel Asst. Prof. Ecology Institute of Marine Sciences at the Research Marine Microbial 03/1990 – 05/1993 University of Kiel Scientist Ecology Institute of Marine Sciences at the Research Phytoplankton 03/1987 – 02/1990 University of Kiel Assistant Ecology PART-TIME ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE Institution Rank Field Dates (Month/Year) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Institute of Marine Sciences at the Adjunct Marine Microbial 06/1997 – 03/1999 University of Kiel Asst. Prof. Ecology

NON-ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE Place of Employment Title Dates (Month/Year) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dreiviertel Publishing Co., Scientific Editor & Journalist 06/1997 – 03/1999 Hamburg, Germany mare – The Magazine for the Oceans EMPLOYMENT RECORD AT FIU Rank Dates (Month/Year) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Assistant Professor 02/2001 – present PUBLICATIONS IN DISCIPLINE PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS *) marks corresponding author on publications of graduate students [number of citations; ISI Science Citation Index, July 2006; not available for publications prior to 1992]

1. Peterson, B.J., C.M. Chester, F.J. Jochem & J.W. Fourqurean (in press) Potential role of sponge communities controlling phytoplankton blooms in Florida Bay. Marine Ecology Progress Series.

2. DeYoe, H.R., E.J. Buskey & F.J. Jochem (2006) Physiological responses of Aureo-umbra lagunensis and Synechococcus sp. to nitrogen addition in a mesocosm experiment. Harmful Algae. Online published doi:10.1016/j.hal.2006.06.001; 15 June 2006.

3. Evans, S.L., W.T. Anderson & F.J. Jochem (2006) Spatial variability in Florida Bay particulate organic matter composition: combining flow cytometry with stable isotope analysis. Hydrobiologia 151-165. [0]

4. Williams, C.J. & F.J. Jochem*) (2006) Ectoenzymes and microbial communities in Florida Bay: Implications for bacterial carbon source and nutrient status. Hydrobiologia 113-127. [0]

5. Zamora, I.M., P.R. Gardinali & F.J. Jochem*) (2006) Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marine phytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida. Marine Pollution Bulletin 935-941. [0]

6. Jochem, F.J. (2005) Short-term physiological effects of mechanical flow sorting and the Becton-Dickinson Cell Concentrator in cultures of the marine phytoflagellata Emiliania huxleyi and Micromonas pusilla. Cytometry 65A: 77-83. [0]

7. Lavrentyev P.J., M.J. McCarthy, D.M. Klarer, F.J. Jochem & W.S. Gardner (2004) Microbial food web and nitrogen dynamics in a storm-driven Lake Erie wetland. Microbial Ecology 48: 567-577. [0]

8. Lin S., M.R. Mulholland, H. Zhang, T.N. Feinstein, F.J. Jochem & E.J. Carpenter (2004) Intense grazing and prey-dependent growth of Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology 40: 1062-1073. [1]

9. Jochem, F.J., M.J. McCarthy & W.S. Gardner (2004) Microbial ammonium recycling in the Mississippi River plume during the drought spring of 2000. Journal of Plankton Research 26: 1265-1275. [1]

10. Jochem, F.J., P.J. Lavrentyev & M.R. First (2004) Growth and grazing rates of bacteria sub-populations with different apparent DNA content in the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biology 145: 1213-1225. [3]

11. Jochem, F.J. (2003) Photo- and heterotrophic pico- and nanoplankton in the Mississippi River Plume: Distribution and Grazing Activity. Journal of Plankton Research 25: 1201-1214. [9]

12. Buskey E., H. DeYoe, F.J. Jochem & T. Villareal (2003) Effects of mesozooplankton removal and ammonium addition on planktonic trophic structure during a bloom of the Texas “brown tide”: a mesocosm study. Journal of Plankton Research 25: 215-228. [3]

13. Jochem, F.J. (2001) Morphology and DNA Content of Bacterioplankton in the Northern Gulf of Mexico – Analysis by Epifluorescence Microscopy and Flow Cytometry. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 25: 179-194. [15]

14. Jochem, F.J. (2000) Probing the physiological state of phytoplankton at the single-cell level. Scientia Marina (Barcelona) 64: 183-195. [17]

15. Jochem, F.J., G.J. Smith, Y. Gao, R.C. Zimmerman, A. Cabello-Pasini, D.G. Kohrs & R.S. Alberte (2000) Cytometric quantification of nitrate reductase by immunolabelling in the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. Cytometry 39: 173-178. [5]

16. Jochem, F.J. (1999) Dark survival strategies of marine phytoplankton assessed by cyto-metric measurement of metabolic activity with fluorescein diacetate. Marine Biology 135: 721-728. [15]

17. Giesenhagen, H.C., A.E. Detmer, J. de Wall, A. Weber, R.R. Gradinger & F.J. Jochem*) (1999) How are planktonic microbial food webs and algal blooms affected by melting Antarctic sea ice? – Microcosm simulations. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 20: 183-201. [4]

18. Jochem, F.J. & D. Meyerdierks (1999) Simultaneous cytometric measurement of DNA cell cycle and cellular chlorophyll in marine eukaryotic phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series 185: 301-307. [6]

19. Jochem, F.J., S. Mathot & B. Quéguiner (1995) Size-fractionated primary production in the Southern Ocean in early austral spring. Polar Biology 15: 381-392. [63]

20. Jochem, F.J. (1995): Phototrophic picoplankton community structure in three different pelagic regimes in the Arabian Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 117: 307-314. [11]

21. Detmer, A.E., V. Trenkel, H.C. Giesenhagen, H. Auf dem Venne & F.J. Jochem*) (1993) Phototrophic and heterotrophic pico- and nanoplankton in anoxic waters of the Central Baltic Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 99: 197-203. [16]

22. Jochem, F.J., Pollehne, F. & B. Zeitzschel (1993) Productivity regime and phytoplank-ton size structure in the Arabian Sea. Deep-Sea Research 40: 711-735. [63]

23. Jochem, F.J. & B. Zeitzschel (1993) Productivity regime and phytoplankton size struc-ture in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research 40: 495-519. [36]

24. Jochem, F.J. (1990) On the seasonal occurrence of autotrophic naked nanoflagellates in Kiel Bight, Western Baltic. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 31: 189-202.

25. Jochem, F. (1990) Distribution and importance of autotrophic picoplankton in the Western Baltic and its potential as a food source. British Phycological Journal 25: 90-91.

26. Horstmann, U. & F. Jochem (1990) Report of the activities and first results of the investigation on the Chrysochromulina bloom in the FRG. in: Lancelot, C., Billen, G. & H. Barth [eds.]: Eutrophication and algal blooms in North Sea coastal zones, the Baltic and adjacent areas: prediction and assessment of preventive actions. Water Pollution Research Reports 12. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels. 75-92.

27. Jochem, F. & B. Babenerd (1989) Naked Dictyocha speculum - a new type of phyto-plankton bloom in the Western Baltic. Marine Biology 103: 373-379.

28. Jochem, F. (1989) Distribution and importance of autotrophic ultraplankton in a boreal inshore area (Kiel Bight, Western Baltic). Marine Ecology Progress Series 53: 153-168.

29. Jochem, F. (1988) On the distribution and importance of picocyanobacteria in a boreal inshore area (Kiel Bight, Western Baltic). Journal of Plankton Research 10: 1009-1026.

NON-PEER REVIEWED SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

1. DeYoe, H., E. Buskey, F.J. Jochem & T. Villareal (2000) Effect of nitrogen addition on a mixed species phytoplankton bloom. Journal of Phycology 36: 17-18.

2. Detmer, A.E. & F.J. Jochem*) (1992) Phototrophic pico- and nanoplankton in the Central Baltic Sea - estimates by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Signal & Noise 5: 1-2.

3. Jochem, F. (1990) Zur Struktur und Dynamik autotropher Ultraplankton-Gemeinschaften in marinen Warmwasser-Ökosystemen. [On the structure and dynamics of autotrophic ultraplankton communities in marine warm-water ecosystems]. Berichte Institut für Meereskunde Kiel 195. 220 pp.

4. Jochem, F. & J. Goebel (1988) Die "Killeralge" Chrysochromulina polylepis. [The “killer alga” Chrysochromulina polylepis]. Mikrokosmos 77: 289-292.

5. Jochem, F. (1987) Untersuchungen zur Temperatursensibilität bei Kleinkrebsen. [Studies on the temperature sensitivity of small crustaceans]. Mikrokosmos 76: 347-350.

6. Jochem, F. (1987) Zur Verbreitung und Bedeutung des autotrophen Ultraplanktons in der Kieler Bucht. [On the distribution and importance of autotrophic ultraplankton in Kiel Bight]. Diploma thesis Kiel University. 127 pp.

7. Jochem, F. (1986) Vegetalisierungsexperimente am Seeigelkeim. [Vegetalization experiments in the sea urchin embryo]. Mikrokosmos 75: 368-374.

8. Jochem, F. (1986) Regeneration und Metamorphose beim Polychaeten Platynereis dumerilii. [Regeneration and metamorphosis in the polychaet Platynereis dumerilii]. Mikrokosmos 75: 182 - 188.

9. Jochem, F. (1986) Wasserflöhe des Meeres. [Marine Cladocera]. Mikrokosmos 75: 72-75.

10. Jochem, F. (1982) Der Generationswechsel der Farne. [The generation cycle of ferns]. Mikrokosmos 71: 49-53.

OTHER PUBLICATIONS – PUBLIC WRITING “mare – The Magazine for the Oceans” is a public reading magazine published in Hamburg, Germany. It is compar-able to a National Geographic for the oceans but presented in antiquarian-style, letter-size printing, covering aspects from marine science to arts, architecture and culture to politics and economics. If co-authors are given, these present the photographers for the articles.

1. F.J. Jochem (2006) Fernwärme für Europa [Remote Heat for Europe]. mare No. 54: 84-87 (Thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean, causes and consequences for the European climate)

2. F.J. Jochem (1999) Warum ist das Meer so blau? [Why is the Ocean so Blue?]. mare No. 15: 58-61 (Physics of light in the ocean and discolorations by algal blooms and red tides)

3. F.J. Jochem (1999) Der Hai kann den Krebs nicht besiegen [The Shark cannot Conquer Cancer]. mare No. 14: 76-79 (The misguided hunt on sharks and marketing of shark products as cancer-fighting agents)

4. F.J. Jochem (1999) Alles Wetter kommt vom Meer [All Weather Comes from the Sea]. mare No. 11: 64-69 (The role of ocean currents and hydrography in shaping continental climates and the global carbon dioxide balance)

5. F.J. Jochem & J.L. Rotman (1998) Lebendige Leinwände [Living Canvases]. mare No. 10: 134-142 (Colors and patterns of fish and their ecological significance)

6. F.J. Jochem & S. Frier (1998) Der Liebestanz der Kalmare [The Love Dance of Squid]. mare No. 9: 70-75 (Photo essay on the mating rituals of squid)

7. T. Worm & F.J. Jochem (1998) Duell der Tiefseegiganten [Duel of the Deep-Sea Giants]. mare No. 9: 60-66 (A fictive report on the encounter of a giant squid and a sperm whale observed by marine scientists in a submarine)

8. F.J. Jochem & J.L. Rotman (1998) Gemeinsam sind wir stark [Together We Are Strong]. mare No. 6: 118-129 (Swarm building and advantages of swarms in pelagic fish)

9. F.J. Jochem (1998) Verborgenes Leben im Eis [Hidden Life within Ice]. mare No. 6: 74-78 (Ice biota living in sea ice)

10. F.J. Jochem & C. Haas (1998) Mehr als gefrorenes Wasser [More Than Frozen Water]. mare No. 6: 70-73 (Development and structure of sea ice)

11. F.J. Jochem (1998) Trügerische Paradiese [Deceiving Paradises]. mare No. 5: 38-45 (Prospects and problems of artificial reefs)

12. F.J. Jochem & J.L. Rotman (1997) Den Fischen aufs Maul geschaut [The Fishes Looked on their Mouths]. mare No. 4: 6-16 (Fish mouth shape and form can predict fish ecology and behavior)

13. F.J. Jochem (1997) Der Meeresgrund läßt tief blicken [The Ocean Floor Reveals Deep Insights]. mare No. 3: 32-35 (Deep-sea topography by satellite imagery)

14. F.J. Jochem (1997) Juwelen des Meeres [Jewels from the Sea]. mare No. 2: 70-71 (Economic hope of pearl cultures in the third world)

15. F.J. Jochem (1997) Jede Muschel hat zwei Schalen [Each Clam has two Valves]. mare No. 2: 42-45 (The biology and ecology of bivalves)

16. F.J. Jochem (1997) Tod in der Schweinebucht [Death in the Pig Bay]. mare No. 2: 20-27 (The fish-killing dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida, its discovery, ecological impacts, and political implications)

17. F.J. Jochem (1997) Europas Fernheizung [Europe’s Central Heating]. mare No. 1: 62-66 (Significance of the Gulf Stream system for the European climate)

PRESENTED PAPERS, LECTURES, EXHIBITIONS, AND PERFORMANCES Underlined marks presenting author during the conference when first author was not presenting author *) marks work presented by my graduate students INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES

1. Jochem, F.J., M. Alves-Brinn, K. Rein, J. Winshell: Polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. Gordon Research Conference “Marine Microbes”, Biddeford, ME, USA. 23-28 July 2006.

2. Lavrentyev, P.J., K.M. Moats, F.J. Jochem: Underway mapping of phytoplankton distribution and size structure using flow cytometry. 2006 ASLO Summer Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Victoria, Canada. 4-9 June 2006.

3. Buehler, V., F.J. Jochem: Forecasting Atlantic cod growth and survival in response to climatic and fisheries induced changes in the Barents Sea. 2006 ASLO Summer Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Victoria, Canada. 4-9 June 2006.

4. Jochem, F.J., M. Alves-Brinn, K. Rein, J. Winshell: Polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. 2006 ASLO Summer Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Victoria, Canada. 4-9 June 2006.

5. McCarthy, M.J., W.S. Gardner, P.J. Lavrentyev, K. Moats, F.J. Jochem: Preliminary measurements of sediment-water interface N transformations during Lake Erie hypoxia.

Great Lakes in a Changing Environment, 49th Annual Conference on Great Lakes Research, International Association for Great Lakes Research, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. 22-26 May 2006.

6. Gobler, C.J., S.W. Wilhelm, R.A. Bourbonniere, T.W. Davis, S. Deonarine, M.A. Saxton, F.J. Jochem: Microbial mortality mechanisms (viral lysis and grazing) prior to and during the onset of seasonal hypoxia in the central basin of Lake Erie. Lake Erie Millennium Meeting, Windsor, Canada. 1 March 2006.

7. Jochem, F.J., M. Alves-Brinn, C.J. Williams: Seasonal patterns in bacterial community composition in Florida Bay. 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography and American Geophysical Union, Honolulu, HI, USA. 20-24 February 2006.

8. Williams, C.J., P.J. Lavrentyev, F.J. Jochem*): Evidence for top-down and bottom-up control of microbial populations in Florida Bay, USA. 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography and American Geophysical Union, Honolulu, HI, USA. 20-24 February 2006.

9. Buehler, V., F.J. Jochem: How an oscillating environment may influence cod (Gadus morhua) growth and survival during the initial stages and possible consequences for the future recruitment. ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea) 2005 Annual Science Conference, Aberdeen, UK. 20-24 September 2005.

10. Jochem, F.J., P.J. Lavrentyev, K. Moats, D.M. Klarer: Abundance, growth and grazing loss rates of low- and high-DNA bacteria in the Old Woman Creek estuary and western Lake Erie. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

11. Moats, K.M., P.J. Lavrentyev, F.J. Jochem, D.M. Klarer: On the applicability of serial dilution to measure microzooplankton herbivory in productive coastal waters. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

12. Zamora, I.M., F.J. Jochem*), P.R. Gardinali: Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marine phytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

13. Rogers, M.T., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*), S.K. Dailey: Bacterial abundance, growth rate, and grazing losses in Florida Bay. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

14. Williams C.W., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*): Ectoenzyme kinetics across two isolated phytoplankton blooms within Florida Bay. American Society of Limnology and Oceano-graphy Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

15. Evans, S., W. Anderson, F.J. Jochem, J.M. Fourqurean: Interannual variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of size-fractionated POM from the South Florida coastal zone. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA. 13-17 December 2004.

16. Zamora, I., F.J. Jochem*), P. Gardinali: Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marine phytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida. Society of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology (SETAC) Annual Meeting, Portland, OR, USA. 14-18 November 2004.

17. Rogers, M., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*), S.K. Dailey & E. Kuhnlein: Bacterial enum-eration, productivity and phytoplankton analysis in Florida Bay. 17th Biennial Conference of the Estuarine Research Federation, Seattle, WA, USA. 14-18 September 2003.

18. Lavrentyev, P.J., M.R. First, W.S. Gardner, M.J. McCarthy & F.J. Jochem: Microbial food web structure and nitrogen cycling rates in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico and Texas coastal waters. ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2003, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 8-14 February 2003.

19. Jochem, F.J.: Growth and grazing rates of bacteria sub-populations with different apparent DNA content in the Gulf of Mexico. ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2003, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 8-14 February 2003.

20. Jochem, F.J., W.S. Gardner: Microbial ammonium recycling and grazing rates along a salinity gradient in the Mississippi River plume. AGU (American Geophysical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting 2002, Honolulu, HI, USA. 11-15 February 2002.

21. Jochem, F.J.: Taxonomic fractionation of picophytoplankton by flow cytometry: are small eukaryotes the overseen oceanic plankton? ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2001, Albuquerque, NM, USA. 11-16 February 2001.

22. DeYoe, H., E.J. Buskey, E., F.J. Jochem, T. Villareal: Effect of nitrogen addition on a mixed species phytoplankton bloom. 54th Annual Meeting of the Phycological Society of America, San Diego, CA, USA. 15-19 July 2000.

23. Buskey, E.J., H. DeYoe, F.J. Jochem, T.Villareal, C. Hyatt, L. Hyde: Effects of meso-zooplankton removal on trophic structure during a bloom of the Texas Brown Tide: a mesocosm study. AGU (American Geophysical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA. 24-28 January 2000.

24. Pargee, S., T. Villareal, F.J. Jochem: Phytoplankton abundance and fluorescence characteristics along a transect in the western Gulf of Mexico. AGU (American Geo-physical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA. 24-28 January 2000.

25. Jochem, F.J.: Bacterioplankton in the western Gulf of Mexico – Analysis by epifluores-cence microscopy and flow cytometry. AGU (American Geophysical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA. 24-28 January 2000.

26. Jochem, F.J., E.M. Epple: Effects of UV-radiation on Baltic Sea phytoplankton. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO ’99 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA, 1-5 February 1999.

27. Jochem, F.J., G.J. Smith, Y. Gao, D.L. Robertson, A. Cabello-Pasini, D.G. Kohrs, R.C. Zimmerman, R.S. Alberte: In-situ probing for phytoplankton growth and enzyme activity in single cells – flow cytometry of DNA cell cycles and nitrate reductase. American

Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO ’99 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA, 1-5 February 1999.

28. Boje, R., M. Meyerhöfer, F.J. Jochem: The productivity of Baltic cyanobacteria. ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea) Symposium on Brackish Water Environments, Helsinki, Finland. 25-28 August 1998.

29. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the Southern Ocean in early austral spring. 1998 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 9-12 February 1998.

30. Smith, G.J., Y. Gao, D.L. Robertson, A. Cabello-Pasini, F.J. Jochem, R.C. Zimmerman, D.G. Kohrs: Response of nitrate metabolism in Skeletonema costatum to variations in nitrogen source availability. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO '97 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA. 10-14 February 1997.

31. Jochem, F.J., G.J. Smith, Y. Gao, D.G. Kohrs, D.L. Robertson, A. Cabello-Pasini, R.C. Zimmerman: Temporal changes in cell composition and growth of Skeletonema costatum upon a shift in nitrogen supply. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO '97 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA. 10-14 February 1997.

32. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the central Baltic Sea – A summer study. 1996 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 12-16 February 1996.

33. Jochem, F.J., N.K. Gelpke: UV-light induced growth and productivity enhancement in iron limited tropical phytoplankton. 1996 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 12-16 February 1996.

34. Jochem, F.J.: Coupling of hydrography and biology during the German JGOFS-NABE study at 18°N 30°W - Impact on productivity and standing stock. JGOFS France Workshop on the Modelization of Marine Biogeochemical Cycles. Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 23-25 November 1994. INVITED.

35. Giesenhagen, H.C., J. de Wall, A.E. Detmer, F.J. Jochem*), A. Weber: Influence of melting sea ice on the microbial food web and its significance for ice edge blooms: an experimental approach. 1994 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 21-25 February 1994.

36. Jochem, F.J., S. Mathot, B. Quéguiner: Size-fractionated primary production in the open Southern Ocean in austral spring 1992. 1994 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 21-25 February 1994.

37. Trenkel, V., A. Detmer, F.J. Jochem*), H.C. Giesenhagen: Microbial food webs in anaerobic deep layers of the Central Baltic Sea. ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) /BES (British Ecological Society) Meeting: Aquatic Ecology - Scale, Pattern and Process. Cork, Ireland. 5-8 April 1992.

38. Jochem, F.J., V. Trenkel: Budgeting the microbial loop - the experimental approach versus in-situ measurements. ASLO-92, American Society of Limnology and Oceano-graphy, Santa Fé, NM, USA. 9-14 February 1992.

39. Giesenhagen, H.C., F.J. Jochem*): Pelagic bacterial production and activity in the Western and Central Baltic Sea. Fifth International Workshop on Microbial Ecology of Pelagic Environments. Helsingør, Denmark. 18-23 August 1991.

40. Jochem, F.J., H.C. Giesenhagen, R.R. Gradinger: Trophodynamic relationships within the microbial loop in the Baltic Sea. Fifth International Workshop on Microbial Ecology of Pelagic Environments. Helsingør, Denmark. 18-23 August 1991.

41. Passow, U., F.J. Jochem: Production and sedimentation of phytoplankton in the sub-tropical Northeastern Atlantic. JGOFS International Scientific Symposium on the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Washington, D.C., USA. 26-28 November 1990. INVITED.

42. Jochem, F.J., U. Passow: Production and sedimentation of phytoplankton in the tropical Northeastern Atlantic. JGOFS International Scientific Symposium on the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Washington, D.C., USA. 26-28 November 1990. INVITED.

43. Jochem, F.J., N. Gelpke, H.C. Giesenhagen, R. Gradinger, N. Scharenberg: Tropho-dynamic relationships within the microbial loop in the Baltic Sea. NATO Advanced Study Institute on Individual Cell and Particle Analysis in Oceanography. Aquafredda, Italy. 21-30 October 1990. INVITED.

44. Jochem, F.J.: Distribution and importance of autotrophic picoplankton in the Western Baltic and its potential as a food source. ASLO '90 - Annual Summer Meeting of the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Williamsburg, VA, USA. 10-15 June 1990.

45. Jochem, F.J.: Distribution and importance of autotrophic picoplankton in the Western Baltic and its potential as a food source. British Phycological Society Winter Meeting 1990, University College North Wales, Bangor, Great Britain. 3-5 January 1990.

46. Jochem, F.J.: Chairman and Reporter of the working group 'Biological Oceanography' during ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea) Workshop "On the Chrysochromulina polylepis bloom in spring 1988", Bergen, Norway. 28 February - 2 March 1989.

47. Jochem, F.J.: Report of the activities and first results of the investigations on the Chrysochromulina bloom in the Federal Republic of Germany. International Meeting on Chrysochromulina polylepis, Nordsøcentret Hirtshals, Denmark. 5-7 December 1988. INVITED.

48. Jochem, F.J.: The distribution of Chrysochromulina polylepis in southern Kattegat and the Belt Sea during its bloom in spring 1988. 76th Statutory Meeting ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea), Bergen, Norway. 12-15 October 1988. INVITED.

49. Jochem, F.J.: On the occurrence of nanoflagellates in Kiel Bight. British Phycological Society Winter Meeting 1988, Guildford University, Surrey, Great Britain. 4-6 January 1988.

NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES

1. Williams, C.J., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*): Impacts of hurricane-induced freshwater release on pelagic microbial communities in northeastern Florida Bay. 2006 Spring Meeting, Southeastern Estuarine Research Society, Ponte Verda Beach, FL, USA. 31 March – 1 April 2006.

2. Jochem, F.J., C.J. Williams: Effects of post-hurricane freshwater imports from the Everglades on bacterial community composition, ectoenzyme activities, and nitrogen cycling in northern Florida Bay. 2005 Florida Bay and Adjacent Marine Systems Science Conference, Duck Key, FL, USA. 11-14 December 2005.

3. Evans, L.S., W.T. Anderson, F.J. Jochem: Interannual variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures of size-fractionated POM from the South Florida coastal zone. 2005 Florida Bay and Adjacent Marine Systems Science Conference, Duck Key, FL, USA. 11-14 December 2005.

4. Rogers, M., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*), S.K. Dailey & E. Kuhnlein: Bacterial enum-eration, productivity and phytoplankton analysis in Florida Bay. National Science Found-ation, Long Term Ecological Research Program’s All Scientist Meeting (LTER-ASM), Seattle, WA, USA. 19-21 September 2003.

INSTITUTIONAL SEMINARS AND CONFERENCES

1. Williams, C.J., F.J. Jochem*): Ectoenzyme kinetics in Florida Bay: implications for bacterial carbon source and nutrient status. 8th Biology Research Symposium, Florida International University, North Miami, FL. 28 January 2006.

2. Jochem, F.J.: Linking physiology and population dynamics in marine phytoplankton. Bremen University, Marine Botany Seminar. Bremen, Germany. 31 October 2005. INVITED.

3. Williams C.W., P.J. Lavrentyev, F.J. Jochem*): Microbial grazing impacts on bacterial ectoenzyme activity and substrate affinity in Florida Bay. 7th Annual Biology Symp-osium, Fairchild Tropical Garden, Miami, FL, USA. 29 January 2005.

4. Jochem, F.J.: Analysis of nitrate utilization, mixotrophy and population growth in marine phytoplankton by flow cytometry. The University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA (invited). 6 November 1998. INVITED.

5. Jochem, F.J.: Probing the physiological state of phytoplankton in-situ: DNA cell cycles and nitrate reductase. Aquatic Flow Cytometry: Achievements and Prospects. Research- and Technology Center West Coast, Büsum, Germany. 15-16 October 1998. INVITED.

6. Jochem, F.J.: Probing physiological processes in single cells by flow cytometry – DNA cell cycle and nitrate reductase in marine phytoplankton. Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Germany. 18 June 1998. INVITED.

7. Jochem, F.J.: New flow cytometry applications in marine biology and ecology. Univer-sity of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA. 21 February 1997. INVITED.

8. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the open Antarctic Ocean. Institute for Polar Ecology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany. 6 January 1997. INVITED.

9. Jochem, F.J.: New techniques for cell analysis in microorganisms by analytic flow cytometry. Research Center Jülich, Germany. 11 October 1996. INVITED.

10. Jochem, F.J.: New approaches in marine flow cytometry for phytoplankton ecology. University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA. 31 May 1996. INVITED.

11. Jochem, F.J.: Application of flow cytometry in phytoplankton research: perspectives and problems. University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, Groton, CT, USA. 18 May 1994. INVITED.

12. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the Baltic Sea. University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, Groton, CT, USA. 17 February 1994. INVITED.

13. Jochem, F.J.: Struktur und Bedeutung des 'Microbial Loop' in der Ostsee. Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei, Berlin, Germany. 2 June 1993. INVITED.

14. Jochem, F.J.: The significance of picophytoplankton in the Baltic Sea and its analysis by flow cytometry - perspectives and problems. Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Boothbay Harbor, ME, USA. 21 February 1992. INVITED.

15. Jochem, F.J.: Significance of phytoplankton size structure and phototrophic picoplank-ton in the Baltic Sea. Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technol-ogy, Boston, MA, USA. 19 February 1992. INVITED.

16. Jochem, F.J.: The significance of the microbial loop in the Baltic Sea. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, MA, USA. 18 February 1992. INVITED.

17. Jochem, F.J.: The application of flow cytometry to studies of the microbial loop. Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. 17 February 1992. INVITED.

18. Jochem, F.J.: Das Phytoplankton unserer Küsten [The phytoplankton at German coasts]. Microscopic Association of Northrhine-Westfalia, Essen. 11 November 1988.

19. Jochem, F.J.: Die Bestimmung autotropher Flagellaten [The identification of autotrophic flagellates]. Microscopic Association of Northrhine-Westfalia, Essen. 11 March 1988.

WORKS IN PROGRESS PAPERS SUBMITTED TO JOURNALS FOR CONSIDERATION

1. Jochem, F.J., M.T. Rogers & J.N. Boyer (subm.) Bacterial abundance, growth rates, and grazing losses in Florida Bay. Journal of Plankton Research. 38 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Submitted 09/15/2006.

2. McCarthy, M.J., W.S. Gardner, P.J. Lavrentyev, K.M. Moats, F.J. Jochem & D.M. Klarer (subm.) Effects of hydrological flow regime on sediment-water interface and

water column nitrogen dynamics in a Great Lakes coastal wetland (Old Woman Creek, Lake Erie). Journal of Great Lakes Research. 38 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Submitted 08/28/2006.

PAPERS IN PREPARATION FOR SUBMISSION TO JOURNALS FOR CONSIDERATION *) marks corresponding author on publications of graduate students

1. Williams, C.J., J.N. Boyer & F.J. Jochem*) (in prep.) Indirect hurricane effects on resource availability and microbial communities in a subtropical wetland to estuary transition zone. To be submitted to Estuaries by October 2006.

2. Jochem, F.J. & M. Alves-Brinn (in prep.) Growth phase and cell cycle-dependent polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. To be submitted to Limnology and Oceanography (this manuscript is held back upon request by Dr. K. Rein, FIU Chemistry, to provide opportunity for Dr. Rein to submit her manuscript on related studies first).

RESEARCH IN PROGRESS High-resolution mapping of the effects of hypoxia on the distribution of living resources on the Louisiana shelf – This NOAA-funded project commenced in August 2006 and assesses the effect of hypoxia on the distribution and activities of living resources in the oxygen minimum zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico, from bacteria to fish, in collaboration with S.B. Brandt, S.A. Ludsin (NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory), M.R. Roman (University of Maryland), and P.J. Lavrentyev (University of Akron). Responsibilities of my lab include the assessment of the distribution and composition of bacteria and phytoplankton by flow cytometry, including a new imaging-in-flow FlowCam system, and genetic profiling. In addition to one cruise completed in August 2006, two additional cruises are planned for 2007 and 2008 each.

Salinity, nutrients, and food webs in Florida Bay – This NOAA-funded project assesses the effects of salinity changes on microbial food web composition, trophodynamic relationships within the microbial food web, and biogeochemical nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in view of potential changes in Everglades-derived freshwater flow into Florida Bay upon implementation of the Florida Everglades Restoration Program. The project was initiated in 2004 in collaboration with W.S. Gardner (University of Texas at Austin), J.B. Cotner (University of Minnessota), and P.J. Lavrentyev (University of Akron) and will continue through March 2007. The responsibility of my lab is to assess population abundance, composition, growth rates, and grazing losses of bacteria and phytoplankton and how these variables are affected by salinity changes and hydro-chemical conditions.

Effects of dissolved organic carbon import and origin on bacterial community composition and activities – This Ph.D. student project, funded by above-mentioned NOAA grant, assesses the role of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON), and phosphorus (DOP) concentrations and origin (Everglades runoff-, phytoplankton-, or seagrass-derived) for bacterial community composition and activities throughout Florida Bay. Based on a monthly survey in 2004/2005, the effects of Everglades-derived vs. phytoplankton-derived organic matter on bacterial and phyto-plankton community activities and standing stocks is evaluated, revealing distinct patterns

related to imports from the Everglades upon hurricane-induced freshwater runoff. Current studies assess the relative role of pelagic (water-column), benthic (sediment), and seagrass-attached bacteria in the processing of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients. My own work complements this thesis work by assessing spatiotemporal patterns in bacterial community composition by genetic fingerprinting methods.

Microbial communities in the Old Woman Creek and coastal Lake Erie – This NSF Microbial Observatory, in collaboration with P.J. Lavrentyev and R. Duff (University of Akron), assesses spatiotemporal patterns in microbial (bacteria, phytoplankton, protist) communities in the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Reserve, a tributary wetland of Lake Erie and how such patterns affect biogeochemical nitrogen cycles (in collaboration with W.S. Gardner, University of Texas at Austin; outside of the Microbial Observatory funding). Responsibilities of my lab include assessing standing stocks, growth rates, and grazing losses of bacteria and phytoplankton by flow cytometry. In addition, such spatiotemporal patterns are currently compared to changes in bacterial community composition by genetic fingerprinting from DNA archives collected from 2003 through 2005.

Effects of hypoxia on microbial communities in Lake Erie – This project, funded by sub-contracts from P.J. Lavrentyev (University of Akron) and C. Gobler (SUNY Southampton) within the NOAA IFYLE (International Field Year in Lake Erie) program, assesses how hypoxia affects the distribution, composition, and microbial trophic interactions of bacteria and phytoplankton com-munities in Lake Erie. Based on my previous experiences in anoxic layers of the Baltic Sea, a technique to sample hypoxic water/communities without oxygen contamination was devised and applied during four cruises in Lake Erie in 2005, which allowed for estimating in-situ growth and grazing rates of microbial communities. The DNA archive collected during these cruises is currently used to establish spatiotemporal patterns of microbial community composition in relation to hypoxia.

Polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate K. brevis – This project commenced in 2004 by funds from the NIH/NIEHS/ARCH program that expired in July 2006. A quantitative real-time PCR protocol to assess polyketide synthase (PKS) gene expres-sion was developed, and PKS gene expression, putatively a proxy for brevetoxin production by the algae, assessed in dependence of growth rate, growth phase, and diel cell cycle. Experiments to assess PKS gene expression in relation to nutrient concentrations, N:P ratios, and form of nitrogen are continued to collect pilot data to secure additional extramural funding. Upon such additional funding, this line of work will be expanded to other polyketide toxin producing algae such as Karlodinium micrum, which causes harmful algal blooms along the US NE coat, and Chattonella marina, which causes fish kills in Mexico and Norway, and initial PCR tests are currently initiated.

Development of an in-situ PCNA immunolabeling technique to assess growth rates in phyto-plankton – This NSF-funded project, in collaboration with S. Lin (University of Connecticut), aims at developing an antibody-based immunolabeling technique for incubation-free estimates of phytoplankton growth rates. Antibodies against PCNA (Proliferating Nuclear Antigen), a protein only expressed during active DNA replication prior to cell division (so-called S-phase of the cell cycle), will be developed by Dr. Lin. My responsibilities include providing cell cycle measure-ments by analytic flow cytometry from culture growth experiments to calibrate immunolabeling results and to develop the transfer of the immunolabeling approach from fluorescence micro-scopy to flow cytometry of rapid sample processing.

Linking gene expression to biogeochemical processes: relation of amoA gene expression and ammonium oxidation rates in nitrifying bacteria – This pilot project aims at developing a real-time PCR protocol to assess ammonium oxidase gene expression in nitrifying bacteria. Many biogeochemical rates of the aquatic nitrogen cycle are difficult to measure and require expensive and complex instrumentation such as mass spectrometry. Therefore, this project seeks to link ammonium oxidase (amoA) gene expression to ammonium oxidation rates measured in culture experiments with nitrifying bacteria isolated from Biscayne Bay sediments. By providing a close correlation between amoA gene expression and ammonium oxidation rates, quantitative real-time PCR has the potential to offer a quick, precise, and high throughput alternative to assess an important aquatic nitrogen conversion rate. Protocol development and pilot data from culture experiments shall be used to secure additional extramural funds for field application/testing.

Genetic population structure and reproductive isolation in copepod populations in the Gulf of Mexico and the Florida Atlantic coast – This Ph.D. thesis project aims at revealing the existence and degree of genetic population structure among copepod populations from locations around the Gulf of Mexico (Yucatan, Texas, Louisiana, Florida North and West Coast, Strait of Florida, Florida East Coast), indicating the existence and degree of reproductive isolation among such populations, which would provide insight into evolutionary processes among these crustaceans. Genetic markers optimized for copepod genes have been developed and tested, and field sampling has been initiated in South Florida and Louisiana in summer 2006. Field sampling will continue and be expanded in 2007.

Genetic population structure in deep-sea sharks – This project arose from a student training cruise aboard the research vessel Suncoaster (course Oceanography at Sea II) in spring 2005 in collaboration with M. Heithaus (FIU Marine Biology). Populations of Gulper Sharks and Cuban Dogfish were collected by long-lining off the Florida West coast shelf, and molecular techniques applied in my lab were used to assess genetic population structure in these populations. Genetic markers to assess population structure are currently developed and tested. This ongoing work will be continued in 2007 by an additional Suncoaster cruise secured for May 2007 for deep-sea long-lining off the western Bahamas within the framework of another Oceanography at Sea II course in the summer A term 2007.

GRANT PROPOSALS

1. Removal and Inactivation of Plankton in Ballast Waster by Dissolved Air Flotation. Co-PI with B Tansel, FIU Civil & Environmental Engineering, J Proni, NOAA Ocean Acoustics Lab. NOAA Ballast Water Technology Program. 24 months, $200,000. Pre-proposal submitted for peer review on September 10, 2006.

2. Polyketide synthase gene expression for assessing controls of toxin production and in-situ detection of harmful algae. Single-PI proposal. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program MERHAB. Submission October 2, 2006. Projected application budget $146,000.

3. Effects of early sea ice melt on microbial food webs in the Barents Sea, Arctic Ocean. Lead PI with P.J. Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NSF Polar Program. Submission November 15, 2006. Projected application budget ca. $500,000.

FUNDED RESEARCH FUNDED RESEARCH DURING FIU TENURE

1. Populations Genetics of Deep-Sea Sharks off the Bahamas. PI with M Heithaus (FIU). Florida Institute of Oceanography, Shiptime grant for FIU course Oceanography at Sea II. May 2007. $18,000

2. NGOMEX 2006 – Using Spatially-Explicit, High-Resolution Surveys and Modeling to Quantify Hypoxia Effects on the Louisiana’s Shelf Living Resources. Co-PI with SB Brandt, SA Ludsin, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, MR Roman, University of Maryland Horn Point Laboratory, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. August 2006 – July 2009. Total funds $1,462,729; assigned to FIU $175,260.

3. Phytoplankton Grazing Losses by Pelagic and Benthic Consumers in Florida Bay. Funding through sub-contracts by C. Gobler, SUNY Southampton. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. July 2006 – June 2008. Estimated sub-contracts $30,000.

4. IFYLE – International Field Year in Lake Erie. Funding through sub-contracts by PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron, and C Gobler, SUNY Southampton. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. June – October 2005. $6,032.

5. Population Genetics of Deep-Sea Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico. Co-PI with M Heithaus (FIU). Florida Institute of Oceanography, Shiptime grant for FIU course Oceanography at Sea II. April 2005. $36,000.

6. Development of Phytoplankton PCNA Antibodies for Use in Growth Studies: Emiliania huxleyi and Karlodinium micrum as Model Systems. Co-PI with S Lin, University of Connecticut. NSF Biological Oceanography. March 2005 – February 2008. Total funds $279,406; assigned to FIU $46,141.

7. Polyketide Synthase Bacteria and Florida Red Tides. PI with sub-contract to L Brand, University of Miami. NIEHS-ARCH. August 2004 – July 2006. $149,714.

8. SFP 2004 – Salinity, Nutrients, and Food Webs in Florida Bay. Co-PI with WS Gardner, University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron, J Cottner, University of Minnesota. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. April 2004 – March 2007. Total funds $193,018; assigned to FIU $73,305.

9. Eukaryotic Microbial Communities of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve. Co-PI with PJ Lavrentyev, RJ Duff, University of Akron. NSF Microbial Observatories. April 2003 – March 2007. Total funds $220,574; assigned to FIU $26,343.

10. Microbial Ammonium Regeneration and Grazing Activity in the Southeastern Gulf of Mexico. Single PI. College of Arts & Sciences, Florida International University. May – September 2002. $4,000.

11. Microbial Ammonium Regeneration Measurement by Direct Injection HPLC. Single PI. Florida International University DSRT Seeding Funds. June – December 2001. $6,321.

FUNDED RESEARCH PRIOR TO FIU TENURE

1. Ecology and Importance of Marine Microbial Food Webs. Single PI. German Research Council. September 1995 – May 1997. DM 92,200 ($61,500).

2. Development and Fate of Cyanobacterial Blooms in the Baltic Sea. Co-P.I. in the German sub-proposal with R. Boje. European Commission, Environment and Climate Program. July 1995 – December 1996. DM 270,000 ($180,000).

3. Ecology and Importance of Marine Pico- and Nanoplankton in Microbial Food Webs; Supplemental Grant: Studies in Tropical Ecosystems in the Caribbean Sea. Single PI. German Research Council. April 1994 – June 1995. DM 9,000 ($6,000).

4. Ecology and Importance of Marine Pico- and Nanoplankton in Microbial Food Webs. Single PI. German Research Council. July 1993 – June 1995. DM 447,000 ($298,000).

5. Structure, Dynamics and Importance of the Microbial Food Web in the Antarctic Pelagial. Single PI. German Research Council, Special Program on Polar Research. July 1992 – June 1993. DM 135,000 ($90,000).

PROFESSIONAL HONORS, PRIZES, FELLOWSHIPS 1993 – 1996 Habilitation Fellowship, German Research Council OFFICES HELD IN PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

2005 Chair/Organizer special session “From gene expression to ecological processes”, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Aquatic Science Meeting 2005. Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

1999 Chair special session “Probing the physiological state in-situ at the individual cell level”, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Aquatic Sciences Meeting 1999. Santa Fé, NM, USA.

1992 – 1995 Chairman, Working Group Phytoplankton, Baltic Marine Biologists.

1989 Co-organizer of the first international statutory meeting of JGOFS - North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Institute for Marine Sciences at Kiel University, Germany.

1988 – 1989 Representative of the Federal Ministery of Research and Technology, Federal Republic of Germany, working group Biological Oceanography of the bloom of the toxic phytoflagellate Chrysochromulina polylepis in the Baltic Sea 1988.

1981 – 1989 President, Microscopic Society of Northrhine-Wesfalia, Essen, Germany.

OTHER PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES AND PUBLIC SERVICE SERVICE TO THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

2006 Student Presentation Judge, 8th FIU Biology Symposium, January 2006

2005 – 2006 Budget planning, oversight, administration, and organization of teaching and research equipment for the Marine Biology building, FIU F&E funds

2005 Acting Program Director (temporary), Marine Biology Program, FIU-BBC, appointed by the Program Director, Prof. Dr. C. Brown, during his absence in fall 2005

2004 – 2005 Maintenance of day-to-day business for the Marine Biology Program during the absence of the Program Director (Nov. 2004 – Feb. 2005)

2003 – 2006 Member of the departmental Marine Biology Building Committee

2002 – present Acting Boat Captain, Marine Biology Program, FIU-BBC; oversight and active performance of boat and vehicle purchases, scheduling, operations, safety, maintenance and repairs

2002 – present Member on 5 Faculty Search Committees in the department

2002 – present Routine student advising for majors in Biology and Marine Biology at the BBC campus

2001 – present Curriculum development for a new Marine Biology Bachelor’s degree and administrative assistance in the development of a new Marine Biology Program, Florida International University

SERVICE TO THE COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

2003 – 2006 Special transfer student advising sessions for majors in Biology organized by the Associated Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at FIU-BBC

2005 Participation, College of Arts & Sciences Advisory Board meeting, pres-entation of the Marine Biology Program and its perspectives

SERVICE TO THE UNIVERSITY

2005 – 2006 Member of the Facility Management Marine Biology Building Occupants Planning Committee

2004 – 2006 Member of the Internal Advisory Committee of the joint University of Miami and FIU NIH/NIEHS-ARCH Program

2003 – present Member, Graduate Faculty of FIU

2003 Member of the FIU Faculty Senate Program Review Committee for the Department of Engineering, Electrical & Computer Engineering/ Mechanical and Materials Engineering

2003 Member in the FIU Faculty Senate Biscayne Bay Committee

2002 – 2003 Senator, Faculty Senate, FIU

2001 Student Orientation, Honors College, presentation of the Marine Biology Program

SERVICE IN TEACHING

2002 - 2006 Supervision and training of 17 undergraduate and high school student interns in research and summer projects of 3-6 months duration in my lab

OTHER PROFESSIONAL AND PUBLIC SERVICE

2006 Invitation by EPA Program Director to serve on the EPA Science Advisory Board for Hypoxia; included in short-list, appointments pending

2006 NOAA/EPA Re-Assessment of the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Conference, invited panel member

2002 – present Permanent member, invited, of the Permanent Review Staff, Marine Ecology Progress Series

1994 – present Ad hoc mail reviewer for NSF (various programs), NOAA, EcoHAB, SeaGrant, US Civilian Research and Development Foundation, Dutch Research Council, British National Environmental Research Council

1990 – present Ad hoc mail reviewer for Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Botanica Marina, Cytometry, Deep-Sea Research, Estuaries, Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Sciences, Journal of Phycology, Journal of Plankton Research, Limnology & Oceanography, Limnology & Oceanography Methods, Marine and Freshwater Research, Marine Biology, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Polar Biology

Office of the Chairman • Department of Biological Sciences

University Park, Miami, FL 33199 USA • (305) 348-2202 • FAX (305) 348-1986 • TDD via FRS (800) 955-8771

Equal Opportunity/Equal Access Employer and Institution

DATE: August 4, 2003 TO: Frank Jochem FROM: James W. Fourqurean, Associate Professor and Chair SUBJECT: Annual Assignment 2003/2004 The purpose of this memo is to notify you of your annual assignment for the coming academic year. Should it become necessary to change your assignment, you will informed in writing. It is expected that you will maintain the highest standards in your performance of your professional responsibilities and assigned duties. You must contribute to the orderly and effective functioning of the Department and the University by participating in faculty meetings and other activities necessary for collegial governance and carrying out other responsibilities appropriate to your assigned duties. Performance of these professional responsibilities and of written assigned duties will be the basis for the evaluation of your performance. Your principal place of employment for the academic year 2003-2004 will be University Park. You may also be assigned to a secondary place of employment if programmatic needs so dictate. There are three recognized facets of a faculty position: Teaching, Research and Service. Your total effort should be apportioned as 50% Research, 40% Teaching and 10% Service. Research: You are expected to conduct research of the highest caliber. You should strive to publish your work in the highest-rated journals in the your field and to generate extramural research dollars necessary to support your laboratory and field expenses and graduate student stipends. Research quality will be judged by the acceptance of your work by the best journals in your subdiscipline, the citation of your work by your peers, and the funding of your research by granting agencies. Presentation of your research at scientific meetings, seminars at other universities, and abstract publication are research productivity, but are secondary in importance to publication, citation and funding. Failure to maintain research productivity above the 25th percentile of faculty within the Department may result in a reduced research assignment in future years, and consequently an increase in teaching and service assignments. Teaching: Research-active faculty are expected to make a contribution over the course of a few years to the teaching mission of the Department at all three levels: lower division undergraduate, upper division undergraduate, and graduate. Contributions to the graduate program include teaching formal graduate courses as well as mentoring graduate students. You will be required to providing grades, required reports and data in a timely manner; maintain required, regularly scheduled office hours and follow University procedures for changing class hours and locations

As a full-time member of the Department of Biological Sciences, you are expected to teach the following : In Fall 2003: OCB4990 - Marine Microbial Ecology OCB6990 - Adv. Marine Microbial Ecology (co-listed w/ OCB4990) OCB5990 - WS: Aquatic Flow Cytometry In Spring 2004: OCB3043 - Oceanography and Marine Biology & Labs BSC4931 - Undergraduate Seminar You must keep a minimum of 4 office hours per week so that the students in your classes can conveniently seek out your advice and counsel. Note that these office hours are for students in your classes, this is a separate duty from normal advising. These hours must be posted on you office door. The quality of your teaching as evaluated by your students will be an important factor in your annual evaluation. Service: All faculty are expected to advise students. This includes advising your students, general departmental advising on a weekly basis, and student advisement during registration periods. Your service also includes participation in faculty meetings and participation in Departmental, College and University committees where appropriate. Tenure-earning faculty should minimize their service on Departmental and College committees so they can concentrate their efforts on research and teaching. In order to allow this release to tenure-earning faculty, tenured faculty and permanent lecturers will be expected to shoulder more of the service burden for the Department. You are not assigned to public service outside the University unless you and I have specifically discussed how this outside service relates to your overall assignment. Your annual evaluation will be based on this assignment in accordance with the Collective Bargaining Agreement. You will be expected to submit an annual self-assessment of your activities during the academic year, which will be considered along with your teaching evaluations to arrive at your annual evaluation. You are required to report any activities outside the University that may create a conflict of interest, or any outside professional activity. A new report is required at the beginning of each academic year for ongoing activities. Should you find this evaluation unclear or inappropriate in any way, I encourage you to request a conference with me in writing to discuss your annual assignment. Please sign one copy of this written assignment and return it to me by August 15, 2003, or schedule an appointment to discuss this assignment by that date. I have received a copy of this written assignment: Signed:________________________________ Date:__________________________________

Office of the Chairman • Department of Biological SciencesUniversity Park, Miami, FL 33199 USA • (305) 348-2202 • FAX (305) 348-1986 • TDD via FRS (800) 955-8771


Faculty Evaluation - 2005-2006Frank Jochem

You have been evaluated according to the assignment that you received from the Chair last summer. There are four facets of job performance for which you can be evaluated: Research, Teaching, Service,and Administration. For each category you were assigned, your performance was to be evaluated usingthe following scale:

1. Outstanding. To receive this mark, your achievements in the past year must rank you as one of thevery best performers in the Department.2. Excellent. Your performance ranked you as a leader in the Department in this category.3. Very Good. Your performance in this category will help the Department reach its goal of being thepremier Biology department in the State of Florida.4. Satisfactory. You have performed your assigned duties in a professional manner.5. Needs Improvement.

I have tried to bring the average evaluation in each category to 3 (Very Good). Your overall evaluationscore was computed as the weighted average of your performance in each of the four categories, withthe weights coming from your assigned effort.

2004-2005 Assignment: 50% Research 40% Teaching 10% Service 0% Administration

Overall evaluation: Excellent

Research:Evaluation: Very GoodDr. Jochem published one paper in the journal Cytometry during the evaluation period. The futurestrength of his publication record is assured by having 4 papers in press, 2 in the journal Hydrobiologia,and one each in Marine Ecology Progress Series and Marine Pollution Bulletin. He also published apopular science press article for the German magazine Mare. The research from Dr. Jocehem's lab isvisible and is influencing marine science research. During the period January 2005-May 2006, 32 papersappeared in the scientific literature citing his work (based on ISI Web of Science database analysis); and15 diffrerent papers written by Dr. Jochem were cited during that interval. Dr. Jochem has had successesin funding his research. During the evaluation period, he had almost $1M in continuing grants, most ofit from the prestigious National Science Foundation. He won an additional small research award of $6kfrom NOAA during the evaluation period, and he submitted proposals for future funding amounting toover $3M to NOAA and NSF.

Teaching: Evaluation: ExcellentDuring the evaluation period, Dr. Jochem taught Gneral Biology 2 to a class of over 180 students, andhe taught our important upper-division major's Marine Biology and Oceanography to 56 students andoversaw the laboratory companion to that class. He complements the volume of his teaching with veryhigh quality. While students comment that he is a stickler for rules, they rate him very highly as aninstructor and they are impressed with his knowledge of the subject matter. Even in the highly-selective,non-scientific realm of ratemyprofessors.com, he achieved high marks for clarity and his rapport withstudents. In addition, Dr. Jochem directed the research of 2 PhD students and one MS student. Further,he serves on 3 advisory committees for other graduate students in the Deaprtment.

Service:Evaluation: OutstandingDr. Jochem can always be counted on to do a painstaking and thourough job of whatever task theDepartment asks of him. He serves the Department as a member of the Boating and Marine BiologyBuilding Committee, and on a search and screen committee. His service in planning the Marine BiologyBuilding and in keeping the Marine Biology program running under difficult circumstances was a veryvaluable service to the Department. He recognized what needed to be done, and he did it. As thefaculty member of the Boat committee, he also spent an incredible effort to assure our small fleet wasoperational. His thourough style has also made him a sought-after reviewer of grant proposals andmanuscripts for publication.

I have read this faculty evaluation compiled by the Department Chair,

_________________________________ ____________________Frank Jochem Date

_________________________________ _____________________James W. Fourqurean, Chair Date




Faculty Evaluation - 2004-2005

Frank Jochem You have been evaluated according to the assignment that you received from the Chair last summer. There are four facets of job performance for which you can be evaluated: Research, Teaching, Service, and Administration. For each category you were assigned, your performance was to be evaluated using the following scale: 1. Outstanding. To receive this mark, your achievements in the past year must rank you in the top 10% of the Department. 2. Excellent. Your performance ranked you as a leader in the Department in this category. 3. Very Good. Your performance in this category will help the Department reach its goal of being the premier Biology department in the State of Florida. 4. Satisfactory. You have performed your assigned duties in a professional manner. 5. Needs Improvement. I have tried to bring the average evaluation in each category to 3 (Very Good). Your overall evaluation score was computed as the weighted average of your performance in each of the four categories, with the weights coming from your assigned effort. 2004-2005 Assignment: 50% Research 40% Teaching 10% Service 0% Administration Overall evaluation: Research: Evaluation: Excellent Dr. Jochem has published four papers in well-renown journals and submitted four additional manuscripts (one being in press). He has been author/co-author on 8 presentations during meetings and organized and chaired one special session during the ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting. In addition to his ongoing NSF Microbial Observatory, Dr. Jochem secured funding for three research projects from Federal agencies (NSF, NOAA, NIEHS). His intense research activity during the evaluation period augur well for his research and publication productivity next year. Teaching: Evaluation: Dr. Jochem taught four advanced, one lower-division, and one non-major course with laboratories during the evaluation period. Two of these courses involved fresh preparation, and two courses (Oceanography at Sea) represent a new course development with substantial time spent with students at sea. Particularly in spring 2005, Dr. Jochem shouldered a teaching load that exceeded his annual teaching assignment. Dr. Jochem received generally very favorable teaching evaluations from his students, and his teaching of General Biology in fall 2004 generated a high amount of FTE. Dr. Jochem has supervised four graduate students directly and served on three graduate committees. He also supervised one undergraduate research project. Service: Evaluation: Dr. Jochem serves the Department and the Marine Biology Program well by being one of very few faculty at BBC. He remained a most important advisor for undergraduate majors in Biology and Marine Biology at




BBC throughout the evaluation period. He also played a central role in the growth of the Marine Biology Program, particularly in maintaining the every-day business of the program during the absence of the Program Director in fall 2004. Dr. Jochem served on the departmental Marine Biology Search Committee, Marine Biology Building Committee, the boat committee, and acts as boat captain at BBC. He is an active manuscript reviewer for various international journals, is a member of the permanent review staff of Marine Ecology Progress Series, and has evaluated for the British National Environmental Research Council. Administration: Evaluation: Although administrative duties were not included in Dr. Jochem’s annual assignment, he shouldered a high amount of administrative work during fall 2004 to keep the every-day businesses of the Marine Biology Program running during the absence of the Marine Biology Program Director. I have read this faculty evaluation compiled by the Department Chair, _________________________________ ____________________ Frank Jochem Date _________________________________ _____________________ James W. Fourqurean, Chair Date

From: Jim Fourqurean [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, April 05, 2006 4:56 PM To: jochem >> Frank J Jochem Subject: Proposed merit raise and AY04-05 evaluation scores Dr. Jochem, Below I summarize your AY04-05 evaluation scores and the merit raise I am proposing to the Dean for you based on that evaluation - read to the bottom. Last summer, I reviewed the AY04-05 self evaluations and assigned my evaluation for each component of your assignment. The T&P committee met independently and also evaluated you on all aspects of your assignment. The committee and I met and compared evaluations. The first point to make about this exercise was the broad agreement between the committee's evaluations and my own. On scores where we differed in opinion, we discussed the matter and in most instances my evaluations were adjusted based on T&P committee input. This process was completed by early this fall, later than it should have happened. Then, I was supposed to type up the evaluations for all of you and send them out. I did not do that in most cases, and I have no excuse for it. Anyone who has asked has been able to discuss the evaluations with me, nothing has been kept secret - but I should have sent out the reports. I still owe them to most of you. I received instructions on merit raise procedures for the AY04-05 last week, making this issue more urgent. By this Friday, I have to turn in my recommendations for merit raises to the Dean. Recall that we got very little merit raise money to distribute this year - an amount equal to 1.4% of the E&G 9 month salaries. Recall also that the faculty voted at a faculty meeting to spread the merit raise money as far and as equally in the Department as possible, and that raises should be based on a dollar amount instead of as a percentage of salary to favor our lower-paid colleagues. I could not just divide up the merit pool equally among the 37 eligible faculty, because the Dean would not accept no differentiation based on relative performance. So, in consultation with the T&P committee, I came up with this algorithm: I took the summary faculty evaluation from last year's evaluations done by the T&P committee and I. The summary evaluation score was based on an assignment-weighted average of performance scores in Research, Teaching, Service and Administration. I calculated a number of "merit points" available to the Department as the sum of (2*number of outstanding evaluations) + (1.5*number of excellent evaluations) + (1*number of very good evaluations) + (0.5*number of satisfactory evaluations). The total number of merit points was 43.25 (fractional because of our 2 half-lines with SERC). I then calculated a basic merit raise per point by dividing the total amount of money available by the total number of merit raise points ($34,412.42/43.25). Then to calculate the dollar amount of the raises, I multiplied an individuals' biology FTE (1,

except for 0.5 for Childers and Gaiser) by their merit points by the merit raise per point. This resulted in raises between $398 for those who scored Satisfactory to $1591 for those who scored Outstanding. SERC half-lines received half of these award amounts, since SERC received an additional allocation for raises. Your assignment for AY04-05 was: Research: 0.5 Teaching: 0.4 Service: 0.1 Administration: 0.0 Your evaluation in each category was: Research: Excellent Teaching: Excellent Service: Excellent Administration: Your Summary evaluation was: Excellent Your proposed merit raise is: $1,193.49 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ James W. Fourqurean Chairman, Department of Biological Sciences and Southeast Environmental Research Center Florida International University Miami, FL 33199, USA Phone: 305-348-4084; Fax: 305-348-4096; www.fiu.edu/~seagrass; [email protected] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Miss Robyn Sztyndor

January 21, 2005

Dear Sir or Madam:

Dr. Frank Jochem has had a tremendous impact on my time spent at FIU. There have been countless ways his knowledge and passion for the sciences have personally impacted my experience as an FIU student. I feel Dr. Jochem is an undeniable asset to any academic institution fortunate enough to have him as a professor. I entered Dr. Jochem’s General Biology II lecture as a Business major, absolutely despising science, which was accurately reflected in my first mid-term grade a D. My main objective was to survive the class with trivial damage done to my cumulative 3.7 GPA. Due to my poor performance on the mid-term exam, I began conversing quite frequently with Professor Jochem regarding the course content. Professor Jochem always responded in a diligent and concerned manner. It is a commonly acknowledged truth that Professor Jochem teaches his class in an extremely challenging way, expecting a great deal from his students. What I consider an even more impressive attribute of Dr. Jochem is his ability to get down in understandable form methods and procedures to display even the most challenging curriculum in a most comprehensible manner. Dr. Jochem showed compassion for my struggle with the coursework and directed me to allocate my studying time accordingly. Not only did he personally address my concerns through reciprocating e-mails, but he addressed the concerns under question, such as emphasizing my study time on topic appropriate subject matter, to the entire class to clear any lingering confusion among the masses. Undoubtedly, Professor Jochem is a brilliant biologist with more than sufficient knowledge of the curriculum, but more importantly his capacity to organize and relate the knowledge to his students is unparalleled among FIU professors. Moreover, I find his aptitude to support and encourage his students to achieve their personal best, a standard that all teaching professionals should strive toward. The unmistakably positive influences Dr. Jochem has had over me were evident when I received an A on the 2nd mid-term and an A- on the final. Due to his untiring perseverance and efforts to see his students succeed, it has become unequivocally clear that the students taught by Dr. Jochem, are most privileged.

I do apologize for the superfluous nature of this letter; however, an attempt to be cryptic would reflect bias on all of Dr. Jochem’s attributes, and in turn would jeopardize the integrity of this recommendation. Professor Jochem is the type of professor who makes you want to express gratitude and appreciation for all he has done and for simply having known him.

In summation, I have no reservations whatsoever in my praise of Dr. Frank Jochem and recommend he receive tenure to remain an asset to FIU. Sincerely,

Robyn Lynn Sztyndor

81 BOYCE ROAD PINE BUSH, NY 12566 Home: (845) 744-5246 Cell: (786) 395-1824

10. TEACHING STATEMENT I am strongly convinced that scholar research and teaching should go hand in hand. Active and successful involvement in research requires that one's own ideas are in constant flux, and one remains in an ongoing process of learning at the personal level. The transfer and exchange of new ideas and insights gained from these research efforts are among the true pleasures of an academic career. Therefore, it is important to my personal academic life that research is balanced by and integrated with teaching activities through courses, seminars with students and colleagues, and through the guidance of students in pursuit of their own research activities. Especially the latter I consider the true and most valuable heritage of my own scientific life given to and preserved by the next generation. From these commitments, I often put major teaching efforts into practical student education through lab courses, at-sea training of students during research expeditions, and student involve-ment in ongoing research projects to supplement the offer of lectures. Even during formal lab courses and training at sea, I made every effort to involve students in ongoing research work rather than simply presenting “standard lab experiments”. This strategy has proven to be beneficial to both my scientific work by providing additional manpower to perform studies but also, and more importantly, to the students, who felt their work during the courses being not only educational training but meaningful and useful work, which provided much higher motivation to pursue their studies. The main difference between the educational systems in Germany and the US might be that, in Germany, practical training starts long before students start their own independent scientific work. It was always welcomed by the students to not only get necessary information through seminars and lectures but also a realistic insight into the practical work at an early stage of their studies to help them evaluate their interest in this kind of profession. Former students now work in diverse fields such as medical research and marketing, environmental consulting or public journalism; despite their different recent professions, they all appreciated my practical lab courses and ascertained to benefit from their practical training by approaching a question with a scientific view, by their insight into different methodologies, and by the scientific background they got offered. Over the last four years, I have trained 17 undergraduate and high-school students in summer projects in my lab (for examples see www.jochemnet.de/fiu/ugss/ ugss.html). I would like to continue this style of teaching and implement lab courses in graduate as well as undergraduate teaching to get the students acquainted with the practical and every-day work in marine sciences. Fortunately, modern technologies make it now feasible to include multi-media in classroom activities. All my lectures are presented by PowerPoint presentations, and wherever feasible and available, I include image and video files in these presentations because I believe that no inform-ation is better retained by students than that provided in visual forms. I try to present my lectures by story-telling rather than merely providing information, and I use every-day examples and ana-logies as much as possible to link scientific contents to a level that every student can experience, and thus understand, in his/her common life. Although my teaching expectations are known among the students to be challenging and there will always be students who blame their failure on the instructor, frequent student feedbacks confirm that most students like and appreciate my teaching style, and student evaluations rank at >75% “excellent” and “very good”. I also believe that lecture hours are meant to listen, to understand, and to discuss, not to note down every word the instructor is saying. To focus my students on listening, understanding, and discussing rather than writing, and to assist them in exam preparation, I provide extensive web pages with detailed

lecture notes online (www.jochemnet.de), which I was made aware of being used for teaching at a number of outside institutions in Portugal, Madeira, Tenerife, Israel, and the UK. I gained teaching experience in rather young years of my career as a post-doc and, later, research assistant professor by independent development and teaching of courses in algal culture tech-niques, microbial ecology, and oceanography at sea (1-week student research cruises) at Kiel university, Germany. Building on this experience, I taught undergraduate classes in Marine Biology and Oceanography (the cornerstone course for our majors in Marine Biology), Intro-ductory Marine Biology (for non-majors), Phycology, and General Biology at FIU. I also offered graduate-level courses in Aquatic Flow Cytometry and Marine Molecular Techniques in the context of deep-sea shark population genetics (Topics in Biology course). All of these courses were newly developed and supported by above mentioned web pages. In spring 2005, I offered a new course development Oceanography at Sea II (undergraduates) and Advanced Oceanography at Sea II (graduates), a combination of cruise planning seminars and student training at sea for 2 weeks aboard the research vessel Suncoaster. For spring 2007, upon approval of Suncoaster ship time, I will offer an Advanced/Oceanography at Sea I lecture course to instruct students about planning and conducting research at sea. This class shall be followed by Advanced/Oceanogra-phy at Sea II in summer 2007 aboard the Suncoaster. In the future, I would like to develop new undergraduate and graduate courses in marine microbial ecology, phytoplankton ecology and ecophysiology, and a methods-oriented, combined lecture/lab course Molecular Techniques to introduce undergraduate students to basic molecular techniques used in various working fields our students might strive for post graduation. I also got acquainted with graduate student training during my post-doc and research assistant professorship in Kiel, Germany. My working group comprised ca. 8 students at a time, and I trained a total of 14 graduate students in Kiel. During my tenure at FIU, I supervised directly 4 graduate students (3 Ph.D., 1 M.Sc.) and served on the committee of 4 graduate students (1 Ph.D. 3 M.Sc.). One of the graduate students I served on the committee for performed half of her thesis work on phytoplankton quantification and identification in my lab under my direct training. She and my direct M.Sc. student graduated successfully in fall 2005. Of my three Ph.D. students, one retired from the program after one year due to personal health problems, the second has his first results published and is expected to graduate in summer or fall 2007, and the third has begun his graduate program in fall 2004. I continually challenge my graduate students to hold their scientific work to highest standards in their working hypotheses and technical performance. And I expect them to submit their results for publication as a prerequisite for graduation and teach relentlessly a wisdom given to me by a very renowned professor: In the life of science, what is not published does not exist. My experience tells me that thesis work does rarely get published once graduates move on to new jobs and assignments; their new job, challenges, and expectations preoccupy their lives too much to succeed in timely publication. In my effort to raise independent, self-reliant young scientists, having their thesis results published prior to their graduation will also help establish themselves as scientists and demonstrate their scientific and intellectual abilities. I also take care that my research grants provide travel funds to send my graduate students to high ranking international conferences to present their work and to begin networking in the scientific community, and while I might provide contact to colleagues with specific expertise, I encourage my students to pursue their scientific discussions with colleagues directly rather through me. Overall, I see my role as graduate supervisor in providing my expert-ise, guidance, and technical and financial help to upgrowing, young, and independent scientists.

10.a. LIST OF COURSES TAUGHT AT FIU AND YEARS IN WHICH THEY WERE TAUGHT Semester Course No. Course Title Level 1) Credits Students Fall 2006 BSC 1011 General Biology II U 3 199 Fall 2006 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 9 1 Fall 2006 BSC 7980 Ph.D. Dissertation G 9 1 Summer 2006 BSC 5935 Topics in Biology G 3 1 Summer 2006 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 4 1 Summer 2006 BSC 7980 Ph.D. Dissertation G 2 1 Spring 2006 OCB 3043 Marine Biology/Oceanography U 3 56 Spring 2006 OCB 3043L Marine Biol/Oceanog Lab U 1 22 Spring 2006 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 7 2 Fall 2005 BSC 1011 General Biology II U 3 189 Fall 2005 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 4,6,8 3 Fall 2005 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 1 1 Summer 2005 BSC 5935 Topics in Biology G 1 5 (Shark Population Genetics Lab)2) Summer 2005 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 6,3 2 Summer 2005 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 3 1 Spring 2005 OCB 3043 Marine Biology/Oceanography U 3 31 Spring 2005 OCB 3043L Marine Biol/Oceanog Lab U 1 7 Spring 2005 OCB4993C Oceanography at Sea II U 3 2 Spring 2005 OCB5993C Advanced Oceanog at Sea II G 3 4 Spring 2005 BSC 6913 Student Research lab G 6 1 Spring 2005 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 1 1 Fall 2004 BSC 1011 General Biology II U 3 138 Fall 2004 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 6 3 Fall 2004 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 3 1 Summer 2004 OCB 2003 Introduction Marine Biology U 3 27 Summer 2004 OCB 2003L Intro Marine Biology Lab 2) U 1 20 Summer 2004 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 6,3 2 Summer 2004 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 3 1 Spring 2004 OCB 3043 Marine Biology/Oceanography U 3 26 Spring 2004 OCB 3043 Marine Biol/Oceanog Lab U 1 21 Spring 2004 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 5,2 2 Spring 2004 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 6 1

Semester Course No. Course Title Level Credits Students Fall 2003 OCB 5990 Workshop: Aquatic Cytometry G 1 5 Fall 2003 BSC 3915 Student Research Lab U 1 1 Fall 2003 BSC 6913 Student Research Lab G 2 2 Fall 2003 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 6 1 Summer 2003 BOT 4404 Phycology U 3 13 Summer 2003 BOT 4404L Phycology Lab 2) U 1 5 Summer 2003 BSC 6971 Master’s Thesis G 3 1 Spring 2003 OCB 3043 Marine Biology/Oceanography U 3 26 Spring 2003 OCB 3043L Marine Biol/Oceanog Lab 2) U 1 10 Fall 2002 OCB 5990 Workshop: Aquatic Cytometry G 1 7 Summer 2002 BOT 4404 Phycology U 3 5 Summer 2002 BOT 4404L Phycology Lab 2) U 1 5 Spring 2002 OCB 3043 Marine Biology/Oceanography U 3 28 Spring 2002 OCB 3043L Marine Biol/Oceanog Lab 2) U 1 15 Spring 2002 BSC 3915 Student Research Lab U 1 1 Summer 2001 BOT 4404 Phycology U 3 13 Summer 2001 BOT 4404L Phycology Lab 2) U 1 9 Summer 2001 BSC 5935 Topics in Biology: Phycology G 3 2 Spring 2001 OCB 3043 Marine Biology/Oceanography U 3 12 1) Level: U = undergraduate course, G = graduate course 2) These undergraduate lab courses were taught by me without Teaching Assistant support Total number of FTE generated (enrollment × credits): 2584

10.b. GRADUATE STUDENT SUPERVISION (1) Major Professor for Graduate Students at FIU

1. Matthew T. Rogers Start: Fall 2004 End: Fall 2005 Degree Sought: M.Sc. Degree Earned: M.Sc. Thesis Title: Bacterivory, Growth Rates, and Bacterial Abundance in Florida Bay

2. Yinjie Yang Start: Fall 2003 End: Fall 2004 Degree Sought: Ph.D. Degree Earned: None Student left graduate program due to personal health issues

3. Clayton J. Williams Start: Fall 2003 End: projected graduation in fall 2007 Degree Sought: Ph.D. Degree Earned: In progress

4. Richard Y. Chang Start: Fall 2004 End: projected graduation ca. fall 2008 Degree Sought: Ph.D. Degree Earned: In progress

(2) Service on Graduate Student Committees at FIU

1. Troy Lee Major Professor: G. Rand (Environmental Studies) Start: Fall 2001 End: Spring 2004 Degree Sought: M.Sc. Degree Earned: None (student retired)

2. Ingrid Zamora Major Professor: P. Gardinali (Chemistry) Start: Spring 2004 End: Fall 2005 Degree Sought: M.Sc. Degree Earned: M.Sc. Thesis Title: The Effects of Irgarol 1051 on Marine Phytoplankton Populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida

3. Roberto Perez Major Professor: K. Rein (Chemistry) Start: Fall 2004 End: Summer 2006 Degree Sought: Ph.D. Degree Earned: Ph.D. Thesis Title: Localization of Polyketide Synthase Genes from Prorocentrum lima

4. Samantha L. Evans Major Professor: W. Anderson (Earth Sciences) Start: Fall 2005 End: projected graduation fall 2006 Degree Sought: M.Sc. Degree Earned: In progress

(3) Grants and Fellowships Obtained by Applicant’s Graduate Students at FIU

1. Presidential Enhanced Fellowship for Ph.D. student Yinjie Yang, fall 2003 – fall 2004; $18,000

(4) Graduate Students Supervision at Kiel University, Germany

Student Name Degree Period Major Supervised Professor *) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Marcus Epple M.Sc. 1995-1996 B. Zeitzschel Ute Kumitz M.Sc. 1994-1995 B. Zeitzschel Anja Engel M.Sc. 1993-1994 B. Zeitzschel Georg Donner Ph.D. 1992-1995 H.G. Hoppe Katrin Schwarz Ph.D. 1992-1995 H.G. Hoppe Monika Deckers M.Sc. 1992-1993 B. Zeitzschel Christopher Kremps M.Sc. 1992-1993 J. Lenz Herbert Auf dem Venne Ph.D. 1991-1994 J. Lenz Jürgen de Wall Ph.D. 1991-1994 J.F. Imhoff Anke Weber M.Sc. 1992 G. Rheinheimer Andrea Detmer Ph.D. 1992-1995 B. Zeitzschel Andrea Detmer M.Sc. 1991-1992 B. Zeitzschel Verena Trenkel M.Sc. 1991-1992 B. Zeitzschel Nikolaus Gelpke Ph.D. 1990-1996 J. Lenz Natascha Scharrenberg M.Sc. 1990-1991 B. Zeitzschel Thomas Schwartzer M.Sc. 1990-1991 J. Lenz Hanna Giesenhagen Ph.D. 1990-1994 H.G. Hoppe ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- *) In the German academic system, only full professors can be assigned major professor

10.c. COURSE AND CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES (1) Courses i.) Development of New Lecture Courses Since joining FIU, I have developed/updated 5 lecture courses and developed 2 special graduate student Topics in Biology course assignments for graduate student enrollment in undergraduate courses. Marine Biology and Oceanography (OCB 3043) – This course is the cornerstone course for the majors in Marine Biology, on which other upper division specialty courses in Marine Biology build on. While this course was/is taught at University Campus as well, I have developed a new course framework with a new textbook to bring more focus on biological oceanography than on marine biology as taught at UP because I felt this shifted emphasis would provide for a better preparation of students for other offered and anticipated upper division courses in the Marine Biology Program. The course taught at BBC provides also a solid introduction into physical oceanography (ca. 25% of the lectures) because an understanding of biological oceanography and marine biogeochemical cycles requires an understanding of the organisms’ physical environment. An extensive web site with lecture notes has been developed to support student learning (www.jochemnet.de/fiu/OCB3043.html). These web sites are also used, as I have come to learn, by several universities in the US, Europe, and Israel. This course has been taught annually since 2001. Phycology, the Biology of Algae (BOT 4404) – Although this course was on the books, it was not offered at FIU for many years. I have developed a complete new course that introduces to the diversity, systematics, morphology and anatomy, life cycles, and ecology of algae. The course represents one of the new upper division electives for majors in Marine Biology and serves as an upper division elective in the “Organismal Diversity” requirement of majors in Biology. An extensive web site with lecture notes and images of algae, providing visual examples of algal diversity, has been developed to support student learning (www.jochemnet.de/fiu/bot4404/ BOT4404.html). These web sites are also used, as I have come to learn, by several universities in the US, Europe, and Israel and earned the recommendation of the course’s textbook author. This course has been offered three times since 2001. Marine Microbial Ecology (OCB 4632), Advanced Marine Microbial Ecology (OCB 6990*) – A new dual undergraduate/graduate course in marine microbial ecology was developed and offered in fall 2003. The course addresses the diversity, ecology, and physiology of marine viruses, bacteria, and protozoa, their role in marine microbial food webs, the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nutrients, and the significance of microbial food webs for marine productivity. The course offers a comprehensive introduction into the field of biological oceanography that has probably changed and developed most over the last two decades. The course is also intended as an additional upper division elective for majors in Marine Biology to complement other electives (Invertebrate Zoology, Marine Mammal Biology, Ichthyology, Phycology) to offer students a complete upper division elective range from bacteria to whales. The course also fulfills the “Ecology” upper division requirement of majors in Biology. This course was offered once in fall

2003 but was cancelled in the first week of class due to low enrollment. This course will be offered again over the next years, though, and with increasing numbers of Marine Biology majors should attract sufficient enrollment. General Biology II (BSC 1011) – Although not a new course, I took over teaching this course at BBC when the department decided to adopt a new textbook. Based on the new textbook choice, I designed a new syllabus and course outline for this high-enrollment lower division course that is prerequisite for majors in Biology and Marine Biology and is also a UBR-fulfilling course. An information and lecture notes web site was set up to support student learning in addition to the textbook and the textbook’s online resources (www.jochemnet.de/fiu/BSC1011/bsc1011.html). The course with the new structure and textbook was offered annually since 2004. Oceanography at Sea I (OCB 4990*), Advanced Oceanography at Sea I (OCB 6990*) – This combined undergraduate/graduate lecture course is currently developed for offering in spring 2007. It acquaints students with the inherent conditions and limitations of work at sea, ranging from constraints in working and living conditions aboard a research vessel to methodological requirements that differ from land-based lab conditions. Seminar-type lectures include topics such as the choice and availability of research vessels relative to the planned research, planning and conducting a cruise and establishing a cruise plan for specific research needs and vessel size, and navigation and sampling techniques dependent on vessel size. In addition to undergraduate requirements, graduate students will perform home assignments that will be presented in seminar style during the course. Successful participation in this course is prerequisite for enrollment in Oceanography at Sea II or Advanced Oceanography at Sea II and the student training cruise offered as part of Advanced/Oceanography at Sea II (see section 10.c.(1).ii below). Topics in Biology (BSC 5935) – Upon request from faculty of other departments, Topics in Biology sections were opened and developed to allow graduate students from other departments to enroll in undergraduate courses offered in the Marine Biology Program. Special Topics in Biology sections were opened for BOT 4404 Phycology in summer C 2001 and for OCB 3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography in summer C 2006. In addition to undergraduate require-ments, home assignment projects for graduate students enrolled in these special Topics in Biology sections were developed and included in final grade assessment. * Experimental course numbers; courses not included in official course catalogue as of 2006. ii.) Development of New Laboratory Courses Since joining FIU, I have developed 7 laboratory courses: Marine Biology and Oceanography Lab (OCB 3043L) – A complete new lab course for Marine Biology and Oceanography was developed to complement and support the re-focused emphasis in the Marine Biology and Oceanography lecture course. The lab course combines introduction to the diversity of marine organisms with the principles of hypothesis-driven science inquiry and quantitative lab studies in biological oceanography (e.g. effects of coastal eutrophication on phytoplankton communities, quantitative differences in plankton distribution patterns across sub-regions in Biscayne Bay). The lab course also includes one field trip to visit coastal reef patches

and two boat trips for hands-on training in measuring physical properties of seawater and sampling at sea. Due to the lack of an appropriate textbook/lab manual, a complete lab manual for this lab course was written and provided to students through the course web site. This course was offered annually since 2002; in 2002 and 2003, the course was taught without Teaching Assistant support. Phycology Lab (BOT 4404L) – A new lab course for Phycology was developed to complement and support the Phycology lecture course. This lab course combines the introduction to algal diversity by studying form and function in micro- and macroalgae with quantitative experiments addressing algal ecology and physiology. Due to the lack of an appropriate textbook/lab manual, a complete lab manual for this lab course was written and provided to students through the course web site. This course was offered in 2002 and 2003 and was taught without Teaching Assistant support. Graduate Workshop Aquatic Flow Cytometry (OCB 5575L) – This graduate workshop combines introductory lectures, lab training, and supervised lab studies for graduate students that introduce to the principles, techniques, and applications of flow cytometry in aquatic studies. The course is held in my research lab, which provides access to a FACSort sorting flow cytometer and, as a recent acquisition, an imaging-in-flow FlowCam system. Students are explicitly encouraged to develop ideas of cytometry applications in their field of research and to bring own materials and samples and to develop techniques useful for their own research. Such development and applic-ations are not restricted to aquatic cytometry, and one graduate student used her course lab pro-ject for immunological studies in sharks (shark blood cell analyses). The course is intended as an “idea factory” with the goal to utilize cytometry in the students’ thesis research. The course was offered twice since 2002. Four course participants started using flow cytometry routinely for their thesis research, and 5 publications resulted from this teaching effort (Evans et al, 2006; Williams & Jochem, 2006; Zamora et al, 2006; Jochem et al, subm.; Williams et al, in prep.; see Publications and Work in Progress sections). Oceanography at Sea II (OCB 4990L*) – This newly developed course offers hands-on training at sea for undergraduate majors of Marine Biology. The course combines introductory lectures and seminars on the specific circumstances and constraints of research at sea with a 1-2 weeks student training cruise aboard a research vessel. Working conditions at sea, such as an ever moving work platform, space constraints, 24 hours work schedules, lack of privacy, and social dynamics, differ substantially from those in the lab. This course offers students a hands-on experience of these special working and living conditions, which are an inherent part of marine science but not suitable for everyone’s taste. Students are also acquainted with sampling and navigation techniques and planning a scientific research cruise from cruise preparation to calculating a cruise plan. This course was offered in spring 2005 with a two-weeks training cruise aboard the RV Suncoaster off the Florida shelf break in the Gulf of Mexico. We have already secured shiptime to offer the course again in summer A 2007. Advanced Oceanography at Sea II (OCB 6990L*) – This graduate course is offered with the undergraduate course Oceanography at Sea II and offers graduate students hands-on training in planning, preparing, and conducting scientific research cruises on ocean-going research vessels. In addition to requirements for the undergraduate section of this course, graduate students are

involved actively in calculating and planning a cruise plan for the training cruise, preparing and conducting the cruise, and supervising undergraduate students during the cruise. This course was offered in spring 2005 with a two-weeks training cruise aboard the RV Suncoaster off the Florida shelf break in the Gulf of Mexico. We have already secured shiptime to offer the course again in summer A 2007. Topics in Biology: Shark Population Genetics (BSC 5935) – This graduate lab course, offered under the generic Topics in Biology course number, trained graduate students of the Marine Biology Program during the summer C 2005 term. Based on specimen collected during the student training cruise (Oceanography at Sea II) in spring 2005, genetic population structure in populations of deep-sea Gulper Sharks and Cuban Dogfish was assessed. Students were trained in methods of DNA extractions (nuclear and mitochondrial), PCR amplification, gel electro-phoresis (agarose gel electrophoresis, degenerating gradient gel electrophoresis), and restriction enzyme digestion. This course shall be repeated after Advanced/Oceanography at Sea II in summer 2007 when the planned training cruise will provide additional specimen of deep-sea sharks from Bahamian waters for comparison. At this future point, the course shall also be opened for undergraduate participation. * Experimental course numbers; courses not included in official course catalogue as of 2006. (2) Curriculum Development Curriculum Development for the Bachelor’s in Marine Biology One of the major considerations for my appointment as Assistant Professor in the new Marine Biology Program at BBC was my support in the development of the program in both teaching and research. Consequently, I was involved in the curriculum planning for the new Bachelor’s degree in Marine Biology, approved in fall 2001 and implemented in fall 2003. Involvement in the Marine Biology curriculum development included the discussion of a generic Marine Biology curriculum based on courses already offered and the development of new upper division elective courses to provide Marine Biology majors with an appropriate choice of courses to fulfill their credit and graduation requirements and a high-quality, diverse marine science education. While a generic curriculum and approved course list for the Bachelor’s in Marine Biology was achieved upon implementation of the degree, curriculum development for this degree remains an ongoing process. In collaboration with the Marine Biology Undergraduate Program Director and faculty of the Marine Biology Program at BBC, I continue to engage in active curriculum planning, which reacts to and implements the constant increase and develop-ment of Marine Biology equipment, facilities, and faculty. Consequently, new upper division courses are constantly developed and discussed to expand Marine Biology curriculum options; currently, for example, new course offerings in Introduction to Molecular Techniques (lecture/ lab; with emphasis on molecular techniques applied in marine ecology), Biological Oceano-graphy, Marine Chemistry, Phytoplankton Ecophysiology, Ecology of Harmful Algal Blooms, just to name a few. With the growth of the Program and the diversification within the marine science group at BBC, an ongoing discussion and expansion of the Marine Biology Bachelor’s curriculum can be anticipated, in which I will maintain my active and productive role.

10.e. STUDENT EVALUATIONS 10.e.(2) Table Summarizing Student Evaluations for Each Year at FIU Information provided as either relayed to me in paper form after each semester or as available on the FIU Human Resources web site.

Academic Year 2000 - 2001

OCB3043 BOT4404 BOT4404L Spring Summer Summer % % Description of course Excellent 50.0 75.0 71.4 objectives and Very good 50.0 25.0 14.3 assignments Good 0.0 0.0 14.3 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communication of Excellent 50.0 75.0 85.7 ideas Very good 50.0 25.0 0.0 Good 0.0 0.0 14.3 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression of Excellent 100.0 50.0 85.7 expectations for Very good 0.0 25.0 0.0 performance Good 0.0 25.0 14.3 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Available to assist Excellent 100.0 62.5 85.7 in/out of class Very good 0.0 12.5 14.3 Good 0.0 25.0 0.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Respect, concern for Excellent 50.0 62.5 85.7 students Very good 50.0 37.5 14.3 Good 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Stimulation of Interest Excellent 50.0 62.5 85.7 Very good 50.0 25.0 0.0 Good 0.0 12.5 14.3 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Facilitation of Learning Excellent 50.0 62.5 85.7 Very good 50.0 12.5 0.0 Good 0.0 12.5 14.3 Fair 0.0 12.5 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Overall assessment Excellent 50.0 62.5 85.7 Very good 50.0 12.5 0.0 Good 0.0 12.5 14.3 Fair 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 Final Course Enrollment 13 13 9 Number of Evaluations completed 2 8 7 OCB3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography BOT4404 Phycology BOT4404L Phycology Lab


OCB3043 OCB3043L BOT4404 BOT4404L Spring Spring Summer Summer % % % % Description of course Excellent 25.0 33.3 100 100 objectives and Very good 62.5 50.0 0 0 assignments Good 0.0 16.7 0 0 Fair 12.5 0.0 0 0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0 0 Communication of Excellent 25.0 50.0 100 100 ideas Very good 25.0 33.3 0 0 Good 12.5 0.0 0 0 Fair 37.5 16.7 0 0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0 0 Expression of Excellent 25.0 16.7 100 100 expectations for Very good 12.5 50.0 0 0 performance Good 50.0 33.3 0 0 Fair 0.0 0.0 0 0 Poor 12.5 0.0 0 0 Available to assist Excellent 12.5 16.7 100 100 in/out of class Very good 37.5 50.0 0 0 Good 25.0 16.7 0 0 Fair 25.0 16.7 0 0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0 0 Respect, concern for Excellent 12.5 33.3 100 100 students Very good 50.0 50.0 0 0 Good 0.0 0.0 0 0 Fair 12.5 16.7 0 0 Poor 25.0 16.7 0 0 Stimulation of Interest Excellent 12.5 66.7 100 100 Very good 50.0 16.7 0 0 Good 0.0 12.5 0 0 Fair 12.5 16.7 0 0 Poor 25.0 0.0 0 0 Facilitation of Learning Excellent 25.0 50.0 100 100 Very good 37.5 0.0 0 0 Good 12.5 50.0 0 0 Fair 25.0 0.0 0 0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0 0 Overall assessment Excellent 12.5 50.0 100 100 Very good 37.5 16.7 0 0 Good 25.0 16.7 0 0 Fair 25.0 0.0 0 0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0 0 Final Course Enrollment 28 15 5 5 Number of Evaluations completed 8 6 3 3 OCB3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography OCB3043L Marine Biology and Oceanography Lab BOT4404 Phycology BOT4404L Phycology Lab


OCB5990 OCB3043 OCB3043L BOT4404 BOT4404L Fall Spring Spring Summer Summer % % % % % Description of course Excellent 83.3 40.0*) objectives and Very good 16.7 0.0 assignments Good 0.0 20.0*) Fair 0.0 20.0*) Poor 0.0 0.0 Communication of Excellent 66.7 N/A ideas Very good 33.3 N/A Good 0.0 N/A Fair 0.0 N/A Poor 0.0 N/A Expression of Excellent 66.7 20.0 expectations for Very good 33.3 20.0 performance Good 0.0 0.0 Fair 0.0 60.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 Available to assist Excellent 100.0 20.0 in/out of class Very good 0.0 40.0 Good 0.0 0.0 Fair 0.0 40.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 Respect, concern for Excellent 83.3*) 20.0*) students Very good 0.0 40.0*) Good 0.0 0.0 Fair 0.0 20.0*) Poor 0.0 0.0 Stimulation of Interest Excellent 100.0 20.0*) Very good 0.0 40.0*) Good 0.0 20.0*) Fair 0.0 20.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 Facilitation of Learning Excellent 83.3 20.0*) Very good 16.7 40.0*) Good 0.0 20.0*) Fair 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 Overall assessment Excellent 100.0 20.0*) Very good 0.0 40.0*) Good 0.0 20.0*) Fair 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0

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0.0 Final Course Enrollment 7 26 10 13 5 Number of Evaluations completed 6 5 OCB5990 Workshop Flow Cytometry *) Percentages reproted as not OCB3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography matching 100% total OCB3043L Marine Biology and Oceanography Lab BOT4404 Phycology BOT4404L Phycology Lab


OCB5990 OCB3043 OCB3043L OCB2003 OCB2003L OCB2003L Fall Spring Spring Summer Summer Summer % % % % % % Description of course Excellent 60.0 54.5 50.0 54.5 75.0 objectives and Very good 40.0 27.3 38.9 36.4 25.0 assignments Good 0.0 18.2 5.6 9.1 0.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 5.6 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communication of Excellent 80.0 36.4 60.8 45.5 25.0 ideas Very good 20.0 36.4 11.1 27.3 75.0 Good 0.0 18.2 17.0 18.2 0.0 Fair 0.0 9.1 11.1 9.1 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression of Excellent 80.0 27.3 44.4 36.4 75.0 expectations for Very good 20.0 63.6 38.9 36.4 25.0 performance Good 0.0 9.1 11.1 27.3 0.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 5.6 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Available to assist Excellent 80.0 27.3 44.4 36.4 25.0 in/out of class Very good 20.0 54.5 27.8 36.4 50.0 Good 0.0 9.1 11.1 18.2 25.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 16.7 9.1 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 No Resp. 9.1 Respect, concern for Excellent 80.0 54.5 55.5 63.6 75.0 students Very good 0.0 36.4 11.1 18.2 0.0 Good 20.0 0.0 16.7 18.2 25.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 16.7 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 No Resp. 9.1 Stimulation of Interest Excellent 80.0 36.4 44.8 36.4 0.0 Very good 0.0 36.4 16.7 45.5 100.0 Good 20.0 18.2 16.7 0.0 0.0 Fair 0.0 9.1 21.8 18.2 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Facilitation of Learning Excellent 0.0 45.5 50.0 27.3 25.0 Very good 60.0 27.3 33.3 54.5 75.0 Good 40.0 27.3 5.6 18.2 0.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 11.1 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Overall assessment Excellent 100.0 45.5 50.0 36.4 75.0 Very good 0.0 45.5 33.3 54.5 25.0 Good 0.0 9.1 11.1 9.1 0.0 Fair 0.0 0.0 5.6 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0

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0.0 0.0 0.0 Final Course Enrollment 5 25 5 26 14 5 Number of Evaluations completed 5 11 18 11 4 OCB5990 Workshop Aquatic Flow Cytometry OCB3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography OCB3043L Marine Biology and Oceanography Lab OCB2003 Introduction Marine Biology OCB2003L Introduction Marine Biology Lab


BSC1011 OCB3043 OCB3043L OCB4993C OCB5993C BSC5935 Fall Spring Spring Spring Spring Summer % % % % % % Description of course Excellent 62.2 53.8 50.0 75.0 100.0 objectives and Very good 18.9 23.1 50.0 25.0 0.0 assignments Good 16.2 23.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Communication of Excellent 43.2 53.8 50.0 100.0 100.0 ideas Very good 29.7 15.4 50.0 0.0 0.0 Good 24.3 30.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Expression of Excellent 48.6 53.8 50.0 75.0 100.0 expectations for Very good 29.8 38.5 50.0 0.0 0.0 performance Good 10.8 7.7 0.0 25.0 0.0 Fair 5.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 No Resp. 5.4 Available to assist Excellent 27.0 53.8 50.0 100.0 100.0 in/out of class Very good 32.4 15.4 50.0 0.0 0.0 Good 29.7 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 5.4 15.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 5.4 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 Respect, concern for Excellent 35.1 61.5 50.0 75.0 100.0 students Very good 32.4 23.1 50.0 25.0 0.0 Good 24.3 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 5.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 Stimulation of Interest Excellent 32.4 46.2 50.0 75.0 100.0 Very good 32.4 23.1 50.0 25.0 0.0 Good 24.3 30.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 10.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Facilitation of Learning Excellent 40.5 46.2 50.0 75.0 100.0 Very good 24.3 30.8 50.0 25.0 0.0 Good 27.0 23.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 5.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 No Resp. 2.7 Overall assessment Excellent 40.5 53.8 50.0 100.0 100.0 Very good 35.1 23.1 50.0 0.0 0.0 Good 18.9 23.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Fair 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0

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0.0 0.0 0.0 No Resp. 2.7 Final Course Enrollment 134 27 5 2 4 5 Number of Evaluations completed 37 13 2 4 2 BSC1011 General Biology II OCB3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography OCB3043L Marine Biology and Oceanography Lab OCB4993C Oceanography at Sea II OCB5993C Advanced Oceanography at Sea II BSC5935 Topics in Biology (Shark Population Genetics Lab)


BSC1011 OCB3043 OCB3043L Fall Spring Spring % % % Description of course Excellent 48.7 41.2 objectives and Very good 20.5 41.2 assignments Good 25.6 5.9 Fair 5.1 11.8 Poor 0.0 0.0 Communication of Excellent 33.3 64.7 ideas Very good 30.8 17.6 Good 23.1 17.6 Fair 10.3 0.0 Poor 0.0 0.0 No Resp. 2.6 Expression of Excellent 43.6 29.4 expectations for Very good 20.5 29.4 performance Good 25.6 29.4 Fair 7.7 11.8 Poor 2.6 0.0 No Resp. Available to assist Excellent 15.4 29.4 in/out of class Very good 15.4 29.4 Good 46.2 17.6 Fair 20.5 11.8 Poor 2.6 11.8 Respect, concern for Excellent 28.2 35.3 students Very good 10.3 29.4 Good 38.5 11.8 Fair 17.9 17.6 Poor 5.1 5.9 Stimulation of Interest Excellent 20.5 23.5 Very good 23.1 41.2 Good 28.2 35.3 Fair 15.4 0.0 Poor 10.3 0.0 No Resp. 2.6 Facilitation of Learning Excellent 25.6 35.3 Very good 20.5 41.2 Good 35.9 5.9 Fair 12.8 17.6 Poor 2.6 0.0 No Resp. 2.6 Overall assessment Excellent 23.1 52.9 Very good 35.9 29.4 Good 23.1 5.9 Fair 15.4 11.8 Poor 0.0 0.0

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Final Course Enrollment 177 53 22 Number of Evaluations completed 39 17 BSC1011 General Biology II OCB3043 Marine Biology and Oceanography OCB3043L Marine Biology and Oceanography Lab

10.f. PEER EVALUATIONS OF TEACHING No peer evaluation of teaching was performed by the department during my tenure at FIU. 10.g. OTHER TEACHING-RELATED ACTIVITIES Over the last four years, I have trained 17 undergraduate students and high-school interns in supervised research projects of 3 – 6 months duration in my lab (for examples of student research projects see www.jochemnet.de/fiu/ugss/ugss.html). Of the 17 trained interns, 13 were members of minority groups and 11 were female. Student Name Status Term/Year*) Research Project Nina Wong high-school F2006 Effects of nutrient ratios on polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (start September 2006) Matthew Toro undergraduate S2006 High-resolution mapping of microbial communities across the oxygen mini- mun zone in the Gulf of Mexico (research cruise aboard RV Pelican) Marlene Morales undergraduate S2005-S2006 Linking gene expression to biogeochemical processes: relation of amoA gene expression and NH4

+ oxidation rates in nitrifying bacteria Maylin Pereza undergraduate S2005-F2005 Efficiency of DNA extraction efficiencies for quantitative real-time PCR Susana Bejau undergraduate S2005 Genetic population structure of Gulf of Mexico deep-sea sharks – mitochondrial DNA typing Richard Bejau undergraduate S2005 Genetic population structure in Gulf of Mexico deep-sea sharks – nuclear DNA typing of the MHC IIα gene Jessica Sharpstein undergraduate S2005 Genetic population structure of Gulf of Mexico deep-sea sharks – mitochondrial DNA typing Lynette Wallace undergraduate S2005 Genetic population structure in Gulf of Mexico deep-sea sharks – nuclear DNA typing of the MHC IIα gene Alexander Samedy undergraduate P2004 Effect of pH on growth rates of marine phytoplankton Wendy Herrera high-school F2003 Inter-species variability in bacterial ectoenzyme activities

…continued Student Name Status Semster/Year Research Project Hedieh Samsam undergraduate F2003 Inter-species variability in bacterial ectoenzyme activities Christopher Duemmling high-school P2003 Role of dissolved organic phosphorus in the control of phytoplankton production in Biscayne Bay Carolina Giraldo undergraduate F2002 Role of dissolved organic phosphorus in the control of phytoplankton production in Biscayne Bay L. Ivette Gutierrez undergraduate S2002-F2002 Role of dissolved organic phosphorus in the control of phytoplankton production in Biscayne Bay Lilliana M. Valderrama undergraduate S2002-F2002 Role of dissolved organic phosphorus in the control of phytoplankton production in Biscayne Bay José A. Lacayo undergraduate P2002 Microzooplankton grazing in Biscayne Bay Kelly A. Mahan undergraduate F2001-S2002 Natural cell death in phytoplankton *) Academic Terms: P = Spring; S = Summer; F = Fall

11. RESEARCH STATEMENT RESEARCH OVERVIEW My research investigates the composition of and trophic interactions in pelagic microbial food webs, how dynamics of microbial populations and food webs are shaped by environmental conditions, and the role of microbial activities in biogeochemical nitrogen and carbon cycles. The recognition that microorganisms contribute to large pools of organic carbon and high rates of turnover in marine and freshwater environments has altered our conception of pelagic carbon and nutrient cycles and led to the proposal of the 'microbial loop'. Its primary features include the realization that a) picoplankton (including bacteria) are dominant components at the base of the food chain in both oceanic and neritic ecosystems and more important compared to larger phyto-plankton standing stocks than previously thought; b) standing stocks and primary production of larger phytoplankton in the microplankton size fraction mostly do not fulfill the nutritional demand of macro- and mesozooplankton; and c) dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) are important and labile reservoirs in the oceans actively processed by bacteria and, as is recognized increasingly, small phytoplankton. Specifically, my work has focused on quantifying stocks and production of components of the microbial food web (bacteria, pico- and nanophyto-plankton), on trophic dynamics of microbial food webs (growth rates and grazing losses of bac-teria and phytoplankton), and on the utilization of dissolved organic matter by bacterial commun-ities and their role in nitrogen recycling. My latest research has also addressed the composition of bacterial communities, which are still largely treated as a “black box” although it is acknowl-edged that different bacteria perform different physiological and biogeochemical functions. The resolution of the bacterial “black box” became, however, only feasible recently with the advance of molecular techniques. Building on such advances, I now employ different methodologies of analytical flow cytometry, genetic fingerprinting, and quantitative real-time PCR to bring some light into this “black box”. In addition, following the history of my research, I continued to address phytoplankton ecophysiology, currently such as new methodologies in assessing the growth physiology of phytoplankton and toxin production in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. RESEARCH HISTORY My research career started during a time when picophytoplankton, particularly the cyanobacteria Synechococcus spp., was just discovered. My early research focus was the productivity of phyto-plankton, including bloom dynamics and the role of pico- and nanophytoplankton in neritic and offshore regions. Based on this work, I was appointed the German expert for primary production for the international JGOFS program in the North Atlantic and Indian Oceans. I also studied the ecophysiology of phytoplankton (e.g. cell cycle studies, dark survival in phytoplankton, mixo-trophy). My work on the significance of the newly discovered picophytoplankton in the Baltic Sea led consequently to a broadening of research into the role of microbial food webs in biogeo-chemical nutrient cycling. My work expanded quickly into the North and tropical Atlantic, the Caribbean Sea, and the Indian and Southern Oceans. During this time, I was also among the first generation of scientists applying flow cytometry to aquatic sciences, and I have since continued to build on new methodologies in flow cytometry and am still sought out for collaborations for this rare expertise. Later, during my tenure in Kiel, my working group expanded on including the

role of bacteria in microbial food webs. My work in Texas allowed me to expand further into the role that trophic dynamics of microbial food webs play in the biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. I continued this line of work in Miami, now including molecular tools such as genetic fingerprint-ing of microbial communities and real-time PCR, and I also ventured back into phytoplankton ecophysiology by addressing toxin production in harmful algae and new methodologies to assess phytoplankton growth without the need of biasing incubations. The regional focus of my work at FIU was directed towards the Gulf of Mexico, Florida Bay, and Lake Erie. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AT FIU (a) Research in the Gulf of Mexico Upon my appointment to FIU, I continued the work on bacterial communities in the Gulf of Mexico I had started during my tenure in Texas. Due to the lack of research facilities during my first two years at FIU, I focused on finalizing the data analysis on the role of bacteria versus microbial grazing in ammonium regeneration in the Mississippi River plume. Understanding the dynamics of nitrogen cycling on the Louisiana shelf is of great importance as large areas of low oxygen (hypoxia) on the Louisiana shelf are linked to nitrogen loads from the Mississippi River that have increased since the mid-1970s. Hypoxic areas as large as 22,000 km² pose a severe thread to the coastal environment as well as to the most important continental fisheries of the US. Microbial degradation of river nutrients-fueled primary production is considered the major factor in creating and sustaining hypoxia on the Louisiana shelf. Biological processes that recycle and retain nitrogen in productive surface waters are important to understand and determine potential mitigation efforts and river nutrient load targets as microbial recycling of nitrogen will foster continued primary production and increase dissolved oxygen demand by enhanced microbial activities, thereby sustaining and exacerbating the problem of hypoxia. Pelagic bacteria can act as both net consumers and producers of dissolved nitrogen, depending on the quality (namely the C:N ratio) of organic substrates and the trophic structures and dynamics of the microbial food web. Linking, for the fist time, measurements of ammonium regeneration and uptake rates with bacterial and phytoplankton growth rates and grazing losses, my work could show that bacteria contribute significantly to ammonium regeneration in the low and mid-salinity ranges of the Mississippi River plume, presumably fueled by the exudation of labile DON from phytoplankton production supported by riverine nutrient loads, while ammonium regeneration in the full salinity far-field of the river plume was provided predominantly through nano- and microzooplankton grazing activity (Jochem 2003, Jochem et al. 2004a). Realizing the importance of bacteria in pelagic carbon and nutrient cycling during the late 1990s, both my group and a French research group worked at developing a technique to quantify pelagic bacteria by flow cytometry to replace the timely counting by epifluorescence microscopy. While the French group beat me in terms of timing of publication, it became obvious only then that the two groups worked on basically the same protocols, which are now routine application in labs having access to flow cytometry. Soon after the introduction of cytometric quantification of bacteria it became obvious that two (or more) sub-groups of bacteria with apparently different DNA content occurred in all cytometric analyses. It was proposed that bacteria with low DNA content represent dormant or dead cells, as other studies had shown that only a fraction of marine bacteria appear active at any given time. Following up on this hypothesis, I performed a suite of growth experiments during two research cruises to the SE Gulf of Mexico and in coastal Texas

waters (in collaboration with Dr. P. Lavrentyev), and re-analyzed growth experiments performed in the Mississippi River plume in 2000. This study revealed low-DNA bacteria were growing actively and consumed by bacterial grazers, thus rejecting the hypothesis that low-DNA bacteria are inactive, dormant, or dead (Jochem et al. 2004b). After the recent establishment of genetic fingerprinting of bacterial communities in my lab, future studies shall reveal whether low-DNA and high-DNA bacteria represent different species/consortia of bacteria or whether the cellular DNA content varies as physiological adaptation among similar bacteria. During a research cruise offshore the Florida West coast in 2005, Dr. Lavrentyev (University of Akron) and I tested the feasibility of high-resolution mapping of pelagic communities by a combination of flow cytometry of bacteria and pico- and nanophytoplankton and image-in-flow cytometry (FlowCam) for microphytoplankton and protists. A similar field test was performed during a study in Lake Erie in summer 2005 (see below). Based on these results (presented on the ASLO Summer Meeting 2006), we developed a major research proposal that will be funded commencing August 2006 for a high-resolution mapping of biota, ranging from bacteria to fish, on the Louisiana shelf to evaluate the effect of hypoxia on the distribution of living resources. The results of this project are anticipated to help understanding the effects of various degrees of hypoxia on living resources and, consequently, fisheries and to help improving modeling efforts ongoing in the Louisiana hypoxia region. (b) Research in Lake Erie Aquatic microbial communities encompass a wide array of prokaryotic and eukaryotic micro-organisms, which together comprise the microbial food web. Phagotrophic protists play a central role in this complex and dynamic system by regulating bacterial and primary production, linking it to higher trophic levels, and regenerating the bulk of inorganic nutrients. Despite their widely recognized importance, the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functions of protists remains poorly understood. Phagotrophic protists demonstrate a variety of feeding strategies and adaptations, including mixotrophy. In addition, physiological rates (e.g. growth and feeding) of their natural populations can be related to cell taxonomy more than to cell size. These adapta-tions make application of the traditional trophic level concepts within the microbial food web difficult. In collaboration with Drs. P. Lavrentyev, R. Duff (University of Akron), and D. Klarer (OWC NERR) and within the framework of an NSF Microbial Observatory, I study the microb-ial food web dynamics in the Old Woman Creek estuary, a tributary to Lake Erie. While Drs. Lavrentyev and Duff work on the protistan taxonomy and standing stocks and Dr. Klarer per-forms the water quality monitoring in the estuary, I am responsible for the analysis of growth and grazing experiments of bacteria and phytoplankton that will be related to the taxonomic compo-sition of the grazer community. We could show that bacterial and phytoplankton populations are strictly controlled by protistan grazing pressure and that taxonomic diversity, nitrogen regener-ation and uptake rates, and microbial biomass increased towards the lake. Old Woman Creek microbial distribution patterns and trophic dynamics increase along the river-lake gradient and reach their maximum at the river/lake confluence, thus resembling spatial patterns observed in marine estuaries (Lavrentyev et al. 2004). Ongoing studies aim at revealing if spatial differences in biogeochemical and microbial activities are linked to bacterial and protistan community comp-osition. During 2005, I was invited to 2 sub-projects within the IFYLE framework (NOAA International Field Year in Lake Erie). In collaboration with Dr. Lavrentyev, we studied trophic interactions in

the microbial food web in oxic and suboxic layers of Lake Erie. After nutrient management implemented in the 1980s, hypoxia in Lake Erie had decreased but increases again since the late 1990s. A direct relationship between increasing hypoxia during summer stratification and managed (decreased) nutrient loads cannot be established. Therefore, the key to increasing hypoxia must be sought in bacterial activities (as major oxygen consumers) and potential changes in the microbial food web and microbial communities. Based on work in hypoxic layers of the Baltic Sea (Detmer et al. 1993), we devised a special sampling technique that preserves the samples’ oxygen status for trophodynamic experiments. First results revealed that microbial trophic dynamics appear not to follow models recognized for oxic waters. Trophic dynamics might shift in microbial communities exposed to hypoxia (e.g. Detmer et al. 1993), but such interactions remain insufficiently studied. Our hypoxic grazing studies, in concert with ongoing assessment of differences in microbial community structure between oxic and hypoxic hypo-limnion layers, might provide additional insight in hypoxic microbial food web dynamics. This study was also used to test and further elaborate our equipment and methods for high-resolution sampling and mapping of microbial communities, which led to the new research project on high-resolution mapping of microbial communities in the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia zone. Another IFYLE project in collaboration with Dr. C. Gobler (SUNY Southampton) addressed the significance of grazers vs. viruses in controlling Lake Erie bacterial and phytoplankton commun-ities. The role of viruses in controlling microbial communities is a still emerging field, but recent data confirmed that viral lysis can, under some circumstances, exert a major control on microbial standing stocks. Combining studies on viral lysis (Dr. Gobler’s group) and grazing losses (my group) can provide new and valuable insight into the trophic dynamics of microbial food webs and how these processes are shaped in space and time. (c) Research in Florida Bay Increased Synechococcus blooms and seagrass die-offs in the last 15 years have led to concerns about the health of the Florida Bay ecosystem. Causes for these changes, particularly in the north-central region, are not clear but may relate to hypersalinity, nutrient enrichment, and/or other factors. Ecosystem degradation occurs at elevated salinities, but seagrass die-offs and Synechococcus blooms are regional despite comparable salinity changes throughout the bay. Detailed knowledge of biogeochemical and food web dynamics in the different regions is needed but remains insufficiently addressed. In collaboration with colleagues from the Universities of Texas Austin, Minnesota, and Akron, we evaluate the hypothesis that high salinities alter nutrient dynamics and contribute to ecosystem degradation by inhibiting nitrification/denitrification (a nitrogen removal mechanism) and enhancing dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA, an N link) via sulfide formation in the north-central region, with consequences to food web dynamics. Additionally, the potential effects of increased Everglades freshwater flow into Florida Bay, as anticipated from Everglades restoration efforts, and the trophic dynamics of the microbial food web were/are addressed on seasonal scales by two graduate students in my lab. One graduate student provided the first assessment of bacteria growth rates and grazing losses throughout various regions in Florida Bay over a 12-months period, showing that protistan grazing and nutrient limitation contribute to the low bacterial stocks in Florida Bay, as compared to other coastal ecosystems. This study also suggests that bacterial losses in addition to water column grazing are needed to explain the constancy of low bacterial stocks. Another graduate student

assesses the role of Everglades freshwater import and concomitant import of dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus on microbial populations in Florida Bay. He could show that pulsed freshwater import after hurricanes in 2004 had pronounced effects on bacterial production and ectoenzyme activities, which led to increased ammonium regeneration from Everglades-derived dissolved organic nitrogen. The available ammonium, in turn, triggered enhanced phyto-plankton development. Microbial activities were controlled by phosphorus availability in the eastern bay, by organic matter availability in the south-central bay, by microbial community composition and organic matter availability in northeastern bay (wetlands transition area), and by microbial community composition in the north-central bay. These differences in enzyme kinetics further support the hypothesis of distinct microbial communities in different regions of Florida Bay and provide insight into biogeochemical cycles and the microbial food web within Florida Bay (Williams & Jochem in press). Since the bay is shallow, microbial biogeochemical dynamics in the water column, sediments, and epiphytic communities on seagrass leaves must be considered in concert and synoptically. Ongoing studies address, for the first time, the relative role of pelagic, seagrass-attached, and sediment bacteria in the processing of dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus over spatial and temporal scales in the bay. Genetic fingerprinting and quantitative, group-specific real-time PCR revealed that pulsed fresh-water imports after the 2004 hurricanes had also distinct effects on bacterial community comp-osition, and some “dry-season” and “wet-season” taxa could be identified. Ongoing studies attempt to link spatiotemporal patterns in bacterial community structure to environmental gradients and variations in biogeochemical nitrogen cycling. (d) Phytoplankton Ecophysiology Recurrent red tides of the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis along the Florida west coast pose a severe ecological and economic thread. These blooms have been linked to fish and manatee deaths, respiratory problems in beachgoers, and cause an annual economic loss of several million dollars due to impacts on shellfish fisheries and tourism. A detailed understanding of the physio-logy of brevetoxin production by K. brevis was hitherto hampered by the lack of sensitive, quick brevetoxin assays as toxin extraction and quantification by gas chromatography/mass spectro-metry does not lend itself for routine field or experiment application. In collaboration with Dr. Rein (FIU Chemistry), a real-time PCR gene expression protocol for polyketide synthase, an enzyme putatively regulating brevetoxin synthesis, was developed. Regulation of brevetoxin production in K. brevis is studied by polyketide synthase gene expression in dependence of culture growth phase and diel cell cycle. Current results indicate that polyketide synthase gene expression is variable and peaks during the first days after culture inoculum into fresh medium, being highest under low growth rates, and during the first half of the night during diel day-night cycles. The real-time PCR protocol proved solid and reproducible and provides a basis to study the control of brevetoxin production in relation to other environmental factors such as nutrient concentrations and ratios, which might also help elucidating variability and control of red tide toxicity in the field. Ongoing studies assess polyketide synthase gene expression in dependence of inorganic nitrogen:phosphorus ratios (toxin production in other harmful algae are modulated by N:P ratios, being highest under high N:P ratios) and the form of nitrogen nutrients (inorganic vs. organic).

Another dinoflagellate with severe ecological impact and human health thread is Pfiesteria piscicida. In collaboration with Dr. Lin (University of Connecticut), we have studied the depend-ence of P. piscicida growth on prey abundance and phagotrophy and confirmed that P. piscicida is a voracious predator whose population is regulated by prey abundance. Cell cycle studies per-formed in my lab revealed that the ability of cell cycle arrest in either the G1 or G2+M phase can provide survival advantages to this species (Lin et al. 2004). Continuing this collaboration, we are currently developing an immuno-based approach to assess in-situ growth rates of yet another harmful dinoflagellate, Karlodinium micrum, and the oceanic, bloom-forming coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi through Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA). Based on Dr. Lin’s experience, a suite of species-specific and universal phytoplankton PCNA antibodies and a PCNA real-time PCR assay are being developed. The PCNA antibodies will be linked with novel in-solution labeling protocols and application in single cell flow cyto-metry in my working group. My group also provides the cytometric cell cycle analyses essential to validate the PCNA immunolabeling and real-time PCR results. This work aims at developing a technique for incubation-free estimates of phytoplankton growth rates, as current techniques have to apply lengthy bottle incubations carrying incubation problems and biases. In collaboration with Dr. Gardinali (FIU Chemistry), we also studied the effect of the antifouling agent Irgarol 1051 on phytoplankton species composition in Key Largo Marina. Because some phytoplankton species are more sensitive to Irgarol than others, its persistent release into the environment could result in adverse changes in phytoplankton community structure. Differences in species sensitivity to Irgarol exposure were assessed in dose response experiments. Phyto-plankton community assessments from surface water in the Key Largo Marina collected between February and August 2004 showed changes in several phytoplankton species in concordance with herbicide concentrations. Typical responses from the field study, consistent with dose res-ponse experiments, include increased abundance of nanoeukaryotes and Cryptomonas sp. as Irgarol concentrations increase but lower sensitivity of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus spp. (Zamora et al. in press). In addition to providing phytoplankton and/or bacterial population analyses on the single cell level, some flow cytometers also provide the option to sort specific cell populations for further experimental analysis. While it was shown that instruments with electromagnetic sorting affect cell physiology of sorted cells due to the strong electromagnetic field and exposure to the laser beam during the sorting process, effects of instruments with mechanical sorting modules on the physiology of sorted cells were unclear. Sorting experiments on a mechanically sorting FACSort instrument revealed both short-term and long-term effects on cell physiology of sorted cells that need to be accounted for in subsequent experiments (Jochem 2005). GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RESEARCH The general significance of my research lies in linking microbial community structure, activities and trophic relationships in the microbial food web to spatiotemporal environmental gradients and biogeochemical nitrogen cycling. It is well recognized that microbial populations play an important and shaping role in biogeochemical carbon and nutrient cycles. While our knowledge on microbial processes and community structure increases continually, intrinsic details for many biogeochemical processes and spatiotemporal variability in some aquatic environments remain unresolved. As much as the significance of bacterial communities in biogeochemical cycles is acknowledged, bacteria are still often considered as one “black box”. Only recent advances in

molecular techniques and their transfer to ecological studies have allowed for a closer insight into this “black box”, and my research employs these new techniques to reveal a more detailed understanding of the interactions between microbial populations and biogeochemical processes. Another focus of my research is directed towards the ecophysiology of harmful algae, as such blooms appear to increase spatially and temporally around the world and pose increasing eco-logical, economic, and health threads. A better understanding of the ecophysiology of these algae (especially regulation of growth and toxicity) might provide water managers with more insight for mitigation and/or regulation to minimize harmful effects and protect society from adverse impacts. Building on a long-standing experience in flow cytometry, my work also continues to evaluate and develop new methods and protocols in aquatic flow cytometry that aim at helping to address/assess questions of ecological importance that require a single cell-based approach to account for intra-population variability. Few methodologies provide this insight in an as sensitive and high-throughput manner as flow cytometry. COLLABORATIONS AND FUNDING SOURCES Since my arrival in the US, I established a number of fruitful collaborations, which combine complementary expertise. For example, the NOAA Florida Bay project combines expertise in biogeochemical nitrogen cycling with unique measurement techniques (W. Gardner, University of Texas Austin), phosphorus biogeochemistry (J. Cotner, University of Minnesota), protistan taxonomy (P. Lavrentyev, University of Akron), and bacteria/phytoplankton ecology and flow cytometry and molecular techniques (my group). The combination of protistan taxonomy and my bacteria/phytoplankton ecology and flow cytometry expertise was also the basis for the Old Woman Creek/Lake Erie NSF Microbial Observatory with Lavrentyev. Other collaborative invi-tations also sought my expertise in bacteria and phytoplankton ecology and, particularly, my experience and facilities in aquatic flow cytometry. While flow cytometry provides high sample throughput and single cell-based analyses that other techniques cannot match, still relative few institutions have the luxury of flow cytometry. Thus, I was invited to participate in the IFYLE (International Field Year in Lake Erie) study in independent collaborations with Dr. Lavrentyev and Dr. C. Gobler (SUNY Southampton) during summer 2005. The latter collaboration resulted in a new collaboration with Dr. Gobler commencing August 2006 (new subcontract currently being negotiated). My development of and experience in flow cytometric cell cycle measure-ments provided the basis for collaboration with Dr. S. Lin (University of Connecticut) in the development of PCNA-based techniques to assess incubation-free phytoplankton growth rates. A new collaboration will commence in August 2006 with Drs. S. Brandt, S. Ludlin, D. Mason (NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Lab), M. Roman, W. Boicourt, D. Kimmel (Uni-versity of Maryland), and P. Lavrentyev for the high-resolution mapping of hypoxia effects on the distribution of living resources, from bacteria to fish, in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Again, specific expertise was combined to enable this project. In all projects, all participants are equally important contributors, and only combining their different expertise made/makes these projects feasible and fruitful. As to determining the lead PI in these collaborations, “political” consider-ations played sometimes into our decision. The fact that I am not the lead PI on many current projects does not reflect that my participation in these projects is merely of supportive nature. For example, the Florida Bay project is led by Gardner as the senior scientist and previous super-visor of both me and Lavrentyev. Development of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia project starting August 2006 was initiated by Lavrentyev and me, tentatively planning my lead on the project.

After we could win further colleagues to expand the project to include zooplankton and fish and the project grew to substantial size (in terms of involved groups and requested funds), we asked the NOAA Great Lakes Lab to take the lead on this project as we considered it more likely that the NOAA Gulf of Mexico Program would allocate substantial funds to a NOAA lab than out-side competitors. Major funding for my projects during my tenure at FIU was provided by NSF, NOAA, and NIH/NIEHS/ARCH. The College of Arts and Sciences and the Office of Sponsored Research Administration at FIU also provided initial seed funds upon my arrival at FIU. FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS My future research will continue and build on the current work on linking microbial community structure and activities to biogeochemical carbon and nitrogen cycles, involving and further de-veloping techniques and tools in flow cytometry, genetic fingerprinting, and real-time PCR. My facilities will be enhanced in summer 2006 by an imaging-in-flow FlowCam cytometer dedicated to cells/particles of 10 – 200 µm in size, thus complementing the size range of 0.2 – 40 µm of traditional flow cytometry, making my lab a unique flow cytometry/cell analysis facility in the southeast US. The handful of FlowCams in service in the US and worldwide is hitherto mainly used for microplankton cell counts. Building on my experience as one of the pioneers of aquatic flow cytometry, my plans involve bringing FlowCam applications to the standard and techniques similar to those used in traditional flow cytometry, for example by including cell cycle and immunolabeling protocols or estimating grazing rates of protists (ciliates, dinoflagellates) direct-ly by fluorescently labeled food items, thereby bringing the full potential of FlowCams to use. My future research will also transfer genetic fingerprinting techniques, which are becoming more and more routine application in the assessment of bacterial communities, to eukaryotic plankton (phytoplankton, protists). Additional gene expression assays relevant to biogeochemical nitrogen cycles will be developed and evaluated, and I will also further pursue aspects of phytoplankton ecophysiology. Near-term plans include foremost the mapping of microbial communities in the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia region within the framework of the commencing NOAA project. Planned work includes not only the quantitative mapping of bacteria, phytoplankton, and protistan communities by flow cytometry/FlowCam but also the genetic fingerprinting of such communities, aiming at relating changes in microbial community structure to hypoxic conditions. Lavrentyev’s taxonomic exper-tise for protists (predominantly ciliates) will be of great value to relate protistan community fingerprinting to identified taxa. Presentation of first high-resolution mapping by flow cytometry/FlowCam, presented during the ASLO Summer Meeting 2006, resulted in an invitation for a research cruise in early 2007 by Dr. John Lamkin (NOAA Fisheries Lab, Miami) from Key West to Belize. While performing high-resolution mapping of bacterial and phytoplankton communities by traditional and FlowCam flow cytometry, this cruise will also be used to collect samples for pilot data on the distribution of unicellular, nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria. These cells were only discovered ca. 5 years ago, while previously it was assumed that oceanic nitrogen fixation was performed by the filamentous genus Trichodesmium and diazotrophic cyanobacteria living symbiotically in some diatoms. Recent studies revealed that nitrogen fixation is of much higher significance for the global nitrogen cycle than previously thought, and the unicellular nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria might present an important part of the global nitrogen cycle. However, their global distribution is still poorly documented. This project will also revive my previous work on nitrogenase PCR for the

purpose of assessing cell distributions (real-time PCR of specific nifH genes) and potential N2 fixation (reverse-transcription real-time PCR, nifH gene expression). Cell, DNA, and RNA archives collected during this cruise will hopefully provide sufficient pilot data to seek additional extramural funds to expand this line of work. In collaboration with Gardner and Lavrentyev, we will also continue to secure funding to study the dynamics of nitrogen transformations and their regulation by microbial activities and food webs in the water column and sediment/water interface in the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia zone, continuing the very successful joining of our specific expertise. Our last proposal was almost funded but fell through when the NOAA Coastal Ocean Program was cut by $13 million this year; the proposal remains pending at NOAA for the hope of the Program Manager to find the requested funds in next year’s budget. Alternatively, we consider re-submitting in a new NOAA program recently announced for fall 2006. In this context, I will also continue to develop new gene expression protocols to address nitrogen cycle-relevant biogeochemical processes. In the near term, my group will continue the started work on relating ammonium oxidase (amoA) gene expression to NH4

+ oxidation by nitrifying bacteria, and we will also attempt to relate nifH gene expression to nitrogen fixation rates, aiming at providing rapid molecular tools with high sample throughput to assess nitrogen cycle processes. In collaboration with Lavrentyev, a new research proposal for the NSF Polar Program is currently being developed under my leadership to study the effects of seasonally early ice melt on planktonic food webs and productivity in the Barents Sea. This proposal is connected to the IPY 2007 (International Polar Year) and addresses the potential effects of global warming on Arctic ecosystems. Over the last few years, it has been already reported that ice melt in the Bering Sea occurs seasonally earlier than in previous times. Our proposal will follow hypotheses that too early ice melt will favor heterotrophic microbial food webs over autotrophic ones, that phytoplankton spring blooms might be prevented when ice melt occurs early in the season when local climate (winter winds) force deep mixing and prevent the production of meltwater lenses, and that early ice melt might bring the phytoplankton spring bloom – zooplankton development link out of synchrony, resulting in overall lower production in higher trophic levels (including fishery harvests). Further extramural funds will be sought to continue the current work on polyketide synthase gene expression in K. brevis to assess the modulation of toxin production by nutrient fields and ratios, to identify and sequence putative polyketide synthase genes from two other polyether-bone toxin producing algae (Karlodinium micrum, forming brown tides and causing fish kills in New England; Chattonella verrucolusa, causing fish kills in Norwegian waters) in order to develop similar polyketide synthase gene expression protocols, and assessing their gene regul-ation in dependence of nutrient fields and ratios. Long-term goals are to continue to build a unique flow cytometry/cell analysis facility in the southeastern US that combines cytometric and molecular techniques to address plankton ecology and to continue and expand the current work in marine microbial ecology and phytoplankton ecophysiology to establish an honored working group in marine microbial ecology. A long-term vision I have, and which moved me to join FIU, is to help developing the young Marine Biology Program programmatically, in concert with my colleagues in the Program and in departments at FIU, and taking advantage of the specific location of FIU, to the leading marine science research institution for the Caribbean Sea and the tropical Atlantic Ocean in the continental US.

11. RESEARCH/SCHLOLARSHIP/CREATIVE ACTIVITIES 11.a. PUBLICATIONS 11.a.(1) Refereed Publications 11.a.(1).i. DESCRIPTION OF JOURNALS THE REVIEWING/REFEREEING PROCEDURES All scientific journals that I have published in adhere to the same, rigid procedures of peer review prior to accepting manuscripts for publication. Upon submission to the editor, manu-scripts are sent to three to five, but a minimum of three, internationally renowned scientists in the specific field of science that the manuscript addresses to solicit detailed comments on the quality of the manuscript and, if necessary, suggestions for improvement. Manuscript quality is assessed by the clearness of the presentation of scientific results and their conclusions in text and graphic form, the novelty of presented work, and the significance of the presented work for the broader progress in the discipline. It is fairly common to receive submitted manuscripts for some revision and clarification, upon which the editor may decide on accepting the manuscript for publication or to send it out for another round of peer-review. If reviewer comments/suggestions are not or cannot be addressed satisfactorily upon revision, the manuscript is rejected by the editor.

IMPACT FACTORS OF SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS PUBLISHED IN Impact factors according to ISI Journal Citation Reports, 2005 Journal Title No. of publications Impact Factor Aquatic Microbial Ecology 2 2.531 Cytometry 2 2.115 Deep-Sea Research 2 2.025 Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Sciences 1 1.632 European Journal of Phycology 1) 1 2.064 Harmful Algae 1 2.709 Hydrobiologia 2 0.978 Journal of Phycology 2 2.502 Journal of Plankton Research 4 1.365 Marine Biology 3 1.754 Marine Ecology Progress Series 5 2.315 Marine Pollution Bulletin 1 1.831 Microbial Ecology 1 2.674 Polar Biology 1 1.298 Scientia Marina 1 1.036 1) previously: British Phycological Journal

The following descriptions of the individual journals and their scientific scope are taken from the journals’ web pages:

Aquatic Microbial Ecology is a leading journal in its field. AME covers all aspects of aquatic microbial dynamics, in particular viruses, prokaryotes and eukaryotes – planktonic and benthic, autotrophic and heterotophic – in marine, limnetic and brackish habitats. As a companion journal to Marine Ecology Progress Series, it strives for the same quality criteria, quick publication and high technical standards. According to Journal Citation Reports 2005, AME features an Impact Factor of 2.53. Thus the journal has strengthened its position as the leader in its field.

Cytometry is the official journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology and embraces the study of the cytome, covering all aspects of molecular analysis of cellular systems in the following areas: cytomics (studies linking the genome and proteome to cell regulation and function), flow cytometry, image cytometry, molecular array technologies, as well as other cell-based spectroscopic analyses and associated bioinformatics/computational methodologies. The research featured in the journal encompasses not only the development of the techniques and reagents needed to measure cell features and cellular constituents, but also investigations that primarily employ these techniques for characterization in order to provide an understanding of function and regulation in the context of the cell, organ, and organism. Cytometry publishes original research articles, in-depth reviews, rapid communications of new, novel “hot” topics, and technical innovation articles.

Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers is devoted to the publication original scientific research, including theoretical work of evident oceanographic applicability; and the solution of instrumental or methodological problems with evidence of successful use. The journal is distinguished by its interdisciplinary nature and its breadth, covering the geologic-al, physical, chemical and biological aspects of the ocean and its boundaries with the sea floor and the atmosphere. In addition to regular “Research Papers” and “Instruments and Methods” papers, briefer communications may be published as “Notes”. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography publishes topical issues from the many international and interdisciplinary projects which are undertaken in oceanography. Besides these special issues from projects, the journal publishes collections of papers presented at conferences. The special issues regularly have electronic annexes of non-text material (numerical data, images, images, video, etc.), which are published with the special issues in ScienceDirect. Deep-Sea Research Part II was split off as a separate journal devoted to topical issues in 1993.

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science is an international multidisciplinary journal devoted to the analysis of saline water phenomena ranging from the outer edge of the continental shelf to the upper limits of the tidal zone. The journal provides a unique forum, unifying the multidisciplin-ary approaches to the study of the oceanography of estuaries, coastal zones, and continental shelf seas. It features original research papers, review papers and short communications treating such disciplines as zoology, botany, geology, sedimentology, physical oceanography.

European Journal of Phycology is the successor to British Phycological Journal and is the official journal of the British Phycological Society. It publishes papers on all aspects of algae, including cyanobacteria. Articles may be in the form of primary research papers, Miniviews, which present the author's viewpoint on important recent developments, or full length reviews of topical subjects.

Harmful Algae provides a forum to promote knowledge of harmful microalgae, including cyano-bacteria, as well as monitoring, management and control of these organisms. Original research and review papers are considered. Papers dealing with the following aspects of harmful micro-

algae and cyanobacteria in marine and fresh waters are considered: the distribution, life histories and taxonomy of harmful microalgae; the physiology and toxicology of harmful microalgae; harmful microalgal bloom ecology; trophic, socio-economic, public health and aquacultural impacts of harmful microalgal bloom events; occurrence, methods of detection and chemical structure of toxins in harmful microalgae, cyanobacteria, food webs and seafood; factors controlling toxin production, biosynthesis and chemical ecology.

Hydrobiologia publishes original research, reviews and opinions regarding the biology of all aquatic environments, including the impact of human activities. It publishes molecular-, organism-, community- and ecosystem-level studies in contributions dealing with limnology and oceanography, including systematics and aquatic ecology. Hypothesis-driven experimental research is preferred, but also theoretical papers or articles with large descriptive content will be considered, provided they are made relevant to a broad hydrobiological audience. Applied aspects will be considered if firmly embedded in an ecological context.

Journal of Phycology was founded in 1965 by the Phycological Society of America. All aspects of basic and applied research on algae are included to provide a common medium for the eco-logist, physiologist, cell biologist, molecular biologist, morphologist, oceanographer, taxonomist, geneticist, and biochemist. The Journal also welcomes research that emphasizes algal inter-actions with other organisms and the roles of algae as components of natural ecosystems. Papers are accepted on the basis of their original and meritorious data and ideas; the focus is on research articles but mini-reviews and reviews are solicited on especially important and timely subjects.

Journal of Plankton Research publishes innovative papers that significantly advance the field of plankton research. All kinds of marine, brackish and freshwater plankton are considered: viruses, bacteria, fungi, phytoplankton, and zooplankton, including meroplankton and ichthyoplankton. It ranks 29th out of 75 journals in the Marine & Freshwater Biology section of ISI listed in 2004.

Marine Biology, published by Springer, considers itself the “International Journal on Life in Oceans and Coastal Waters”. It covers all aspects of marine biology, marine ecology, and biological oceanography and is one of the leading and international journals in the discipline, ranking 15th of 77 journals in the section Marine & Freshwater Biology.

Marine Ecology Progress Series – The leading journal in its field, MEPS covers all aspects of marine ecology, fundamental and applied. Topics covered include microbiology, botany, zoo-logy, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aqua-culture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management. MEPS aims for the highest quality of scientific contributions, quick publication, and a high technical standard of presentation. Of all the journals currently listed under Marine & Freshwater Biology in Journal Citation Reports, MEPS features the highest number of total cites: 18,156. At the same time, MEPS's Impact Factor of 2.32 is at the top of primary marine ecology journals.

Marine Pollution Bulletin is concerned with the rational use of maritime and marine resources in estuaries, the seas and oceans, as well as with documenting marine pollution and introducing new forms of measurement and analysis. A wide range of topics are discussed as news, comment, reviews and research reports, not only on effluent disposal and pollution control, but also on the management, economic aspects and protection of the marine environment in general. Two volumes are published annually, one of which contains a series of special issues on topics of particular current interest. The importance and influence of these special issues, which address the major marine environmental concerns of our time, is increasingly being recognized not just

by the wider scientific community, but also by environmental policy makers at national and international level.

Microbial Ecology provides a dedicated international forum for the presentation of high-quality scientific investigations of how microorganisms interact with their biotic and abiotic environ-ments, with each other as well as with their neighbors and hosts, to carry out their diverse functions. Microbial Ecology features articles of original research in full paper and note formats, as well as brief reviews and topical position papers. Microbial Ecology is the official journal of the International Society for Microbial Ecology.

Polar Biology is not only the focal point for scientists working in polar regions but also attracts the interest of those working in biology in general, ecology and physiology, as well as in oceano-graphy and climatology related to polar life. Polar Biology presents results of studies in plants, animals, and microorganisms of marine, limnic and terrestrial habitats of arctic and antarctic regions. It ranks 61st among 112 journals in the Ecology section of ISI.

Scientia Marina is the successor to Investigación Pesquera, a journal of marine sciences pub-lished since 1955 by the Institut de Ciències del Mar de Barcelona, Spain. Scientia Marina is included in the Science Citation Index since 1998 and publishes original papers, reviews and comments concerning research in the following fields: Marine Biology and Ecology; Fisheries and Fisheries Ecology; Systematics, Faunistics and Marine Biogeography; Physical Oceano-graphy; Chemical Oceanography and Marine Geology. Emphasis is placed on articles of an interdisciplinary nature and of general interest.

11.a.(1).ii. LIST OF REFEREED PUBLICATIONS *) marks corresponding author on publications of graduate students [number of citations; ISI Science Citation Index, July 2006; not available for publications prior to 1992] {FJJ’s role in each publication is indicated for publications produced during FIU employment}

1. Peterson, B.J., C.M. Chester, F.J. Jochem & J.W. Fourqurean (in press) Potential role of sponge communities controlling phytoplankton blooms in Florida Bay. Marine Ecology Progress Series. {90% sample analysis performed in FJJ’s lab; FJJ’s flow cytometry facility provided technical prerequisite for analyzing ca. 1,600 samples; 20% of data analysis/writing effort}

2. DeYoe, H.R., E.J. Buskey & F.J. Jochem (2006) Physiological responses of Aureo-umbra lagunensis and Synechococcus sp. to nitrogen addition in a mesocosm experiment. Harmful Algae. Online pre-published doi:10.1016/j.hal.2006.06.001; 15 June 2006. {20% of field work, 80% of sample analysis, 30% of data analysis/writing effort}

3. Evans, S.L., W.T. Anderson & F.J. Jochem (2006) Spatial variability in Florida Bay particulate organic matter composition: combining flow cytometry with stable isotope analysis. Hydrobiologia 151-165. [0] {graduate student SL Evans performed 40% of sample analyses in FJJ lab, flow cytometry facility, under FJJ’s supervision, 10% writing effort}

4. Williams, C.J. & F.J. Jochem*) (2006) Ectoenzymes and microbial communities in Florida Bay: Implications for bacterial carbon source and nutrient status. Hydrobiologia 113-127. [0] {100% contribution from FJJ’s graduate student; corresponding author}

5. Zamora, I.M., P.R. Gardinali & F.J. Jochem*) (2006) Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marine phytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida. Marine Pollution Bulletin 935-941. [0] {Graduate student IM Zamora performed 50% of lab studies and sample analyses in FJJ’s lab, quantitative and taxonomic analysis of phytoplankton supervised by FJJ, 40% writing effort, corresponding author}

6. Jochem, F.J. (2005) Short-term physiological effects of mechanical flow sorting and the Becton-Dickinson Cell Concentrator in cultures of the marine phytoflagellata Emiliania huxleyi and Micromonas pusilla. Cytometry 65A: 77-83. [0] {100% work effort}

7. Lavrentyev P.J., M.J. McCarthy, D.M. Klarer, F.J. Jochem & W.S. Gardner (2004) Microbial food web and nitrogen dynamics in a storm-driven Lake Erie wetland. Microbial Ecology 48: 567-577. [0] {30% of field work, 30% of data analysis, 20% of writing}

8. Lin S., M.R. Mulholland, H. Zhang, T.N. Feinstein, F.J. Jochem & E.J. Carpenter (2004) Intense grazing and prey-dependent growth of Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology 40: 1062-1073. [1] {25% of lab work, sample analyses; FJJ’s flow cytometry facility provided prerequisite for a substantial part of the study by otherwise unavailable technology; 10% of writing effort}

9. Jochem, F.J., M.J. McCarthy & W.S. Gardner (2004) Microbial ammonium recycling in the Mississippi River plume during the drought spring of 2000. Journal of Plankton Research 26: 1265-1275. [1] {100% of field work, 80% of sample analyses, 100% data analysis, 90% of writing effort}

10. Jochem, F.J., P.J. Lavrentyev & M.R. First (2004) Growth and grazing rates of bacteria sub-populations with different apparent DNA content in the Gulf of Mexico. Marine Biology 145: 1213-1225. [3] {80% of field work, 100% of sample/data analysis and writing effort}

11. Jochem, F.J. (2003) Photo- and heterotrophic pico- and nanoplankton in the Mississippi River Plume: Distribution and Grazing Activity. Journal of Plankton Research 25: 1201-1214. [9] {100% work effort}

12. Buskey E., H. DeYoe, F.J. Jochem & T. Villareal (2003) Effects of mesozooplankton removal and ammonium addition on planktonic trophic structure during a bloom of the Texas “brown tide”: a mesocosm study. Journal of Plankton Research 25: 215-228. [3] {20% of field work, 70% of sample analysis, 20% of data analysis, 10% of writing effort}

13. Jochem, F.J. (2001) Morphology and DNA Content of Bacterioplankton in the Northern Gulf of Mexico – Analysis by Epifluorescence Microscopy and Flow Cytometry. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 25: 179-194. [15] {100% work effort}

14. Jochem, F.J. (2000) Probing the physiological state of phytoplankton at the single-cell level. Scientia Marina (Barcelona) 64: 183-195. [17]

15. Jochem, F.J., G.J. Smith, Y. Gao, R.C. Zimmerman, A. Cabello-Pasini, D.G. Kohrs & R.S. Alberte (2000) Cytometric quantification of nitrate reductase by immunolabelling in the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum. Cytometry 39: 173-178. [5]

16. Jochem, F.J. (1999) Dark survival strategies of marine phytoplankton assessed by cyto-metric measurement of metabolic activity with fluorescein diacetate. Marine Biology 135: 721-728. [15]

17. Giesenhagen, H.C., A.E. Detmer, J. de Wall, A. Weber, R.R. Gradinger & F.J. Jochem*) (1999) How are planktonic microbial food webs and algal blooms affected by melting Antarctic sea ice? – Microcosm simulations. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 20: 183-201. [4]

18. Jochem, F.J. & D. Meyerdierks (1999) Simultaneous cytometric measurement of DNA cell cycle and cellular chlorophyll in marine eukaryotic phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series 185: 301-307. [6]

19. Jochem, F.J., S. Mathot & B. Quéguiner (1995) Size-fractionated primary production in the Southern Ocean in early austral spring. Polar Biology 15: 381-392. [63]

20. Jochem, F.J. (1995): Phototrophic picoplankton community structure in three different pelagic regimes in the Arabian Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 117: 307-314. [11]

21. Detmer, A.E., V. Trenkel, H.C. Giesenhagen, H. Auf dem Venne & F.J. Jochem*) (1993) Phototrophic and heterotrophic pico- and nanoplankton in anoxic waters of the Central Baltic Sea. Marine Ecology Progress Series 99: 197-203. [16]

22. Jochem, F.J., Pollehne, F. & B. Zeitzschel (1993) Productivity regime and phytoplank-ton size structure in the Arabian Sea. Deep-Sea Research 40: 711-735. [63]

23. Jochem, F.J. & B. Zeitzschel (1993) Productivity regime and phytoplankton size struc-ture in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research 40: 495-519. [36]

24. Jochem, F.J. (1990) On the seasonal occurrence of autotrophic naked nanoflagellates in Kiel Bight, Western Baltic. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 31: 189-202.

25. Jochem, F. (1990) Distribution and importance of autotrophic picoplankton in the Western Baltic and its potential as a food source. British Phycological Journal 25: 90-91.

26. Horstmann, U. & F. Jochem (1990) Report of the activities and first results of the investigation on the Chrysochromulina bloom in the FRG. in: Lancelot, C., Billen, G. & H. Barth [eds.]: Eutrophication and algal blooms in North Sea coastal zones, the Baltic and adjacent areas: prediction and assessment of preventive actions. Water Pollution Research Reports 12. Commission of the European Communities, Brussels. 75-92.

27. Jochem, F. & B. Babenerd (1989) Naked Dictyocha speculum - a new type of phyto-plankton bloom in the Western Baltic. Marine Biology 103: 373-379.

28. Jochem, F. (1989) Distribution and importance of autotrophic ultraplankton in a boreal inshore area (Kiel Bight, Western Baltic). Marine Ecology Progress Series 53: 153-168.

29. Jochem, F. (1988) On the distribution and importance of picocyanobacteria in a boreal inshore area (Kiel Bight, Western Baltic). Journal of Plankton Research 10: 1009-1026.

11.a.(2) Non-Refereed Publications *) denotes corresponding author; {Nature of non-refereed publication is described in parentheses}

1. DeYoe, H., E. Buskey, F.J. Jochem & T. Villareal (2000) Effect of nitrogen addition on a mixed species phytoplankton bloom. Journal of Phycology 36: 17-18. {A non-refereed conference abstract published in the journal}

2. Detmer, A.E. & F.J. Jochem*) (1992) Phototrophic pico- and nanoplankton in the Central Baltic Sea - estimates by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Signal & Noise 5: 1-2. {A non-refereed article in an international newsletter of flow cytometry techniques}

3. Jochem, F. (1990) Zur Struktur und Dynamik autotropher Ultraplankton-Gemeinschaften in marinen Warmwasser-Ökosystemen. [On the structure and dynamics of autotrophic ultraplankton communities in marine warm-water ecosystems]. Berichte Institut für Meereskunde Kiel 195. 220 pp. {Publication of Ph.D. thesis as a volume of the Institute of Marine Sciences at Kiel University, Germany, report series; refereed by ISBN number; in German }

4. Jochem, F. & J. Goebel (1988) Die "Killeralge" Chrysochromulina polylepis. [The “killer alga” Chrysochromulina polylepis]. Mikrokosmos 77: 289-292. {Publication in a German journal on microscopy aimed at teachers, students, and general public interested in microscopy, also official journal of four microscopic associations in Germany; in German}

5. Jochem, F. (1987) Untersuchungen zur Temperatursensibilität bei Kleinkrebsen. [Studies on the temperature sensitivity of small crustaceans]. Mikrokosmos 76: 347-350. {Publication in a German journal on microscopy aimed at teachers, students, and general public interested in microscopy, also official journal of four microscopic associations in Germany; in German}

6. Jochem, F. (1987) Zur Verbreitung und Bedeutung des autotrophen Ultraplanktons in der Kieler Bucht. [On the distribution and importance of autotrophic ultraplankton in Kiel Bight]. Diploma thesis Kiel University. 127 pp. {M.Sc. thesis}

7. Jochem, F. (1986) Vegetalisierungsexperimente am Seeigelkeim. [Vegetalization experiments in the sea urchin embryo]. Mikrokosmos 75: 368-374. {Publication in a German journal on microscopy aimed at teachers, students, and general public interested in microscopy, also official journal of four microscopic associations in Germany; in German}

8. Jochem, F. (1986) Regeneration und Metamorphose beim Polychaeten Platynereis dumerilii. [Regeneration and metamorphosis in the polychaet Platynereis dumerilii]. Mikrokosmos 75: 182 - 188. {Publication in a German journal on microscopy aimed at teachers, students, and general public interested in microscopy, also official journal of four microscopic associations in Germany; in German}

9. Jochem, F. (1986) Wasserflöhe des Meeres. [Marine Cladocera]. Mikrokosmos 75: 72-75. {Publication in a German journal on microscopy aimed at teachers, students, and general public interested in microscopy, also official journal of four microscopic associations in Germany; in German}

10. Jochem, F. (1982) Der Generationswechsel der Farne. [The generation cycle of ferns]. Mikrokosmos 71: 49-53. {Publication in a German journal on microscopy aimed at teachers, students, and general public interested in microscopy, also official journal of four microscopic associations in Germany; in German}

11.a.(3) Books and Book Chapters No books and book chapters have been published. Publication efforts were focused on research papers. 11.a.(4) Other Publications – Public Writing “mare – The Magazine for the Oceans” is a public reading magazine published in Hamburg, Germany. It is compar-able to a National Geographic for the oceans but presented in antiquarian-style, letter-size printing, covering aspects from marine science to arts, architecture and culture to politics and economics. If co-authors are given, these present the photographers for the articles.

1. F.J. Jochem (2006) Fernwärme für Europa [Remote Heat for Europe]. mare No. 54: 84-87 (Thermohaline circulation in the North Atlantic Ocean, causes and consequences for the European climate)

2. F.J. Jochem (1999) Warum ist das Meer so blau? [Why is the Ocean so Blue?]. mare No. 15: 58-61 (Physics of light in the ocean and discolorations by algal blooms and red tides)

3. F.J. Jochem (1999) Der Hai kann den Krebs nicht besiegen [The Shark cannot Conquer Cancer]. mare No. 14: 76-79 (The misguided hunt on sharks and marketing of shark products as cancer-fighting agents)

4. F.J. Jochem (1999) Alles Wetter kommt vom Meer [All Weather Comes from the Sea]. mare No. 11: 64-69 (The role of ocean currents and hydrography in shaping continental climates and the global carbon dioxide balance)

5. F.J. Jochem & J.L. Rotman (1998) Lebendige Leinwände [Living Canvases]. mare No. 10: 134-142 (Colors and patterns of fish and their ecological significance)

6. F.J. Jochem & S. Frier (1998) Der Liebestanz der Kalmare [The Love Dance of Squid]. mare No. 9: 70-75 (Photo essay on the mating rituals of squid)

7. T. Worm & F.J. Jochem (1998) Duell der Tiefseegiganten [Duel of the Deep-Sea Giants]. mare No. 9: 60-66 (A fictive report on the encounter of a giant squid and a sperm whale observed by marine scientists in a submarine)

8. F.J. Jochem & J.L. Rotman (1998) Gemeinsam sind wir stark [Together We Are Strong]. mare No. 6: 118-129 (Swarm building and advantages of swarms in pelagic fish)

9. F.J. Jochem (1998) Verborgenes Leben im Eis [Hidden Life within Ice]. mare No. 6: 74-78 (Ice biota living in sea ice)

10. F.J. Jochem & C. Haas (1998) Mehr als gefrorenes Wasser [More Than Frozen Water]. mare No. 6: 70-73 (Development and structure of sea ice)

11. F.J. Jochem (1998) Trügerische Paradiese [Deceiving Paradises]. mare No. 5: 38-45 (Prospects and problems of artificial reefs)

12. F.J. Jochem & J.L. Rotman (1997) Den Fischen aufs Maul geschaut [The Fishes Looked on their Mouths]. mare No. 4: 6-16 (Fish mouth shape and form can predict fish ecology and behavior)

13. F.J. Jochem (1997) Der Meeresgrund läßt tief blicken [The Ocean Floor Reveals Deep Insights]. mare No. 3: 32-35 (Deep-sea topography by satellite imagery)

14. F.J. Jochem (1997) Juwelen des Meeres [Jewels from the Sea]. mare No. 2: 70-71 (Economic hope of pearl cultures in the third world)

15. F.J. Jochem (1997) Jede Muschel hat zwei Schalen [Each Clam has two Valves]. mare No. 2: 42-45 (The biology and ecology of bivalves)

16. F.J. Jochem (1997) Tod in der Schweinebucht [Death in the Pig Bay]. mare No. 2: 20-27 (The fish-killing dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida, its discovery, ecological impacts, and political implications)

17. F.J. Jochem (1997) Europas Fernheizung [Europe’s Central Heating]. mare No. 1: 62-66 (Significance of the Gulf Stream system for the European climate)

Supportive Information

for

11.a.(1).ii. List of Refereed Publications

In Press, Marine Ecology Progress Series

POTENTIAL ROLE OF SPONGE COMMUNITIES CONTROLLING PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS IN FLORIDA BAY

B.J. Peterson1* , C.M. Chester1

F.J. Jochem2 and J.W. Fourqurean2,3

1Department of Marine Science, Southampton College, 239 Montauk Hwy, Southampton, NY 11968 89 2Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, University Park, Miami, FL 33199 3Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199 * Addressee for correspondence: Email: [email protected], Voice: (631) 287-8415, Fax: (631) 287-8419 ABSTRACT An unprecedented series of ecological disturbances has been recurring within Florida Bay since the summer of 1987. Persistent and widespread phytoplankton and cyanobacteria blooms have coincided with the large scale decimation of sponge communities. One hypothesis is that the large scale loss of suspension feeding sponges has rendered the Florida Bay ecosystem susceptible to these recurring blooms. The primary objective of this study was to experimentally evaluate the potential for suspension feeding sponges to control nuisance phytoplankton blooms within Florida Bay prior to a large sponge die-off event. To achieve this objective, we determined the extent and biomass of the surviving sponge community in the different basins of Florida Bay. At current abundances, many areas within Florida Bay possess sponge densities and biomasses of 1 to 3 individuals m-2 or 100 to 300 gm m-2 respectively. The dominant species included Spheciospongia vesparia, Chondrilla nucula, Nephates erectus, Tedania ignis and Ircinia sp. ,which accounted for 68.2% of the individual sponges observed and 87.9% of the sponge biomass. Laboratory grazing rates of these dominant sponges were experimentally determined on four different algal food treatments: a monoculture of Synechococcus elongatus, a monoculture of the diatom Cyclotella choctawhatcheeana, a monoculture of the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum hoffmanianum, and an equal volume of the three monocultures combined. To estimate the impact of the mass sponge mortality event on the system-wide filtration rate of Florida Bay, we combined estimates of the current sponge biomass and laboratory sponge filtration rates with estimates of the mean volumes of the sub-basins of Florida Bay. According to our study, the area of Florida Bay that has been impacted the most by the decrease in the sponge community corresponds to the region of Florida Bay that has been experiencing the recurring phytoplankton blooms. In this region, we calculated that the sponge community could filter the water column every 3 d prior to a sponge die-off. In contrast, it would now take 15 d for the surviving sponge community to do the same in this region. This study implies that the current blooms occurring within the central region of Florida Bay can be explained by the loss of the dominant suspension feeder in this system and does not need to invoke a new addition of nutrients within this region for the blooms to occur. Thus, the presence of sponges may play a significant role in reducing the shading effects of phytoplankton blooms, thus increasing light availability to the benthic plant communities. The loss of the sponge community may have cascading effects on the associated seagrass community of Florida Bay.

You are at: Inter-Research > Journals > MEPS > MEPS Forthcoming

Forthcoming publications M 6237 Barnett A, Bellwood DR, Hoey AS Trophic ecomorphology of cardinalfish (Apogonidae) M 6256 Teuten EL, King GM, Reddy CM Natural 14C in Saccoglossus bromophenolosus compared to its surrounding sediments … {MANUSCRIPTS WITH INTERMEDIATE MANUSCRIPT NUMBERS DELETED FOR PRINTING/FORMATTING PURPOSE; F.J.} M 6493 Peterson BJ , Chester CM, Jochem FJ, Fourqurean JW Potential role of the sponge communities in controlling phytoplankton blooms in Florida Bay M 6494 Kanouse S, La Peyre MK, Nyman JA Nekton use of Ruppia maritima L. and nonvegetated bottom habitat types within brackish marsh ponds M 6495 Peralta G, Brun FG, Pérez-Lloréns JL, Bouma TJ Direct effects of current velocity on the growth, morphometry and architecture of seagrasses: a case study on Zostera nolt M 6496 Jones GP, Santana L, McCook LJ, McCormick MI Resource use and the impact of three herbivorous damselfishes on coral reef communities M 6497 McQuaid CD, Phillips TE Mesoscale variation in reproduction, recruitment and population structure of intertidal mussels with low larval input: a bay/open coast comparison M 6498 Todd CD, Whyte BDM, MacLean JC, Walker AM Ectoparasitic sea lice Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer), Caligus elongatus Nordmann infestations of wild adult one sea-winter Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. returning to Scotland, 1998-2005 M 6499 Coma R, Linares C, Ribes M, Diaz D, Garrabou J, Ballesteros E Consequences of a mass mortality event on populations of the gorgonian Eunicella singularis (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) in Menorca (Balearic Islands, NW Mediterranean) M 6500 Oleson EM, Calambokidis J, Burgess WC, McDonald MA, LeDuc CA, Hildebrand JA Behavioral context of call production by Eastern North Pacific blue whales M 6501 Rey AR, Trathan P, Pütz K, Schiavini A Effect of oceanographic conditions on the winter movements of rockhopper penguins Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome from Staten Island, Argentina M 6502 Longphuirt SN, Leynaert A, Guarini JM , Chauvaud L, Claquin P, Herloryd O, Amicea E, Huonnica P, Ragueneaua O Discovery of microphytobenthos migration in the subtidal zone Last updated: 08.09.2006

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Physiological responses of Aureoumbra lagunensis and

Synechococcus sp. to nitrogen addition

in a mesocosm experiment

Hudson R. DeYoe a,*, Edward J. Buskey b, Frank J. Jochem c

a Department of Biology, University of Texas-Pan American, 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, TX 78541, United Statesb University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX 78373, United States

c Florida International University, Marine Biology Program, North Miami, FL 33181, United States

Received 7 March 2006; received in revised form 16 May 2006; accepted 6 June 2006

www.elsevier.com/locate/hal

Harmful Algae xxx (2006) xxx–xxx
D Abstract
CO

RR

EC

TEAureoumbra lagunensis is the causative organism of the Texas brown tide and is notable because it dominated the Laguna Madre

ecosystem from 1990 to 1997. This species is unusual because it has the highest known critical nitrogen to phosphorus ratio (N:P)

for any microalgae ranging from 115 to 260, far higher than the 16N:1P Redfield ratio. Because of its high N:P ratio, Aureoumbra

should be expected to respond to N additions that would not stimulate the growth of competitors having the Redfield ratio. To

evaluate this prediction, a mesocosm experiment was performed in the Laguna Madre, a South Texas coastal lagoon, in which a

mixed Aureoumbra–Synechococcus (a cyanobacterium) community was enclosed in 12 mesocosms and subjected to nitrogen

addition (6 controls, 6 added ammonium) for 16 days. After day 4, added nitrogen did not significantly increase Aureoumbra

specific growth rate but the alga retained dominance throughout the experiment (64–75% of total cell biovolume). In control

mesocosms, Aureoumbra became less abundant during the first 4 days of the experiment but rebounded by the end of the experiment

and was dominant over Synechococcus. Despite the lack of a strong positive growth response, Aureoumbra did respond

physiologically to N addition. By the end of the experiment, the average N:P ratio of the Aureoumbra-dominated community

was 86 in the N+ treatment and 41 in the control, indicating that the alga became less N-limited in the N+ treatment. The average

C:N ratio was 6.6 in the N+ treatment (8.6 in the control) and suggests that the alga was not N-limited, however, C:N ratio may not

be a good indicator of nitrogen limitation since this alga can produce significant quantities of carbon-containing extracellular

polysaccharides, depending on growth conditions. Both Aureoumbra cellular chlorophyll fluorescence and cell size increased in

response to added N, indicating a reduction in N limitation. It appeared that the N additions were not large and/or frequent enough to

stimulate Aureoumbra growth. The main competitor, the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus, responded positively to the

nitrogen addition by increased specific growth rate. Unlike Aureoumbra, no significant effect on Synechococcus cellular pigment

fluorescence or cell size was noted. Literature data suggest that Synechococcus, like Aureoumbra, may have a critical N:P ratio

much higher than 16:1, which could explain its response.

# 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Keywords: Aureoumbra; Brown tide; Harmful algal bloom; Mesocosm; Nitrogen; Synechococcus

UN

38

39

40

41

42

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 956 381 3538;

fax: +1 956 381 3657.

E-mail address: [email protected] (H.R. DeYoe).

1568-9883/$ – see front matter # 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2006.06.001

1. Introduction

Aureoumbra lagunensis is a small (3–5 mm diameter),

single-celled, non-flagellated Pelagophyte (DeYoe et al.,

1997) that has significantly impacted the ecosystem of

HARALG 265 1–8

mailto:[email protected]

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2006.06.001

Spatial variability in Florida Bay particulate organic matter composition:

combining flow cytometry with stable isotope analyses

Samantha L. Evans1, William T. Anderson1,2,* & Frank J. Jochem3

1Department of Earth Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA2Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami,FL 33199, USA3Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA(*Author for correspondence: Fax: +1-305-348-3877; E-mail: [email protected])

Key words: nitrogen isotope, carbon isotope, cyanobacteria, estuary, Florida Bay

Abstract

Long-term management plans for restoration of natural flow conditions through the Everglades increasethe importance of understanding potential nutrient impacts of increased freshwater delivery on Florida Baybiogeochemistry. Planktonic communities respond quickly to changes in water quality, thus spatial vari-ability in community composition and relationships to nutrient parameters must be understood in order toevaluate future downstream impacts of modifications to Everglades hydrology. Here we present initialresults combining flow cytometry analyses of phytoplankton and bacterial populations (0.1–50 lm sizefraction) with measurements of d13C and d15N composition and dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrationsto explore proxies for planktonic species assemblage compositions and nutrient cycling. Particulate organicmaterial in the 0.1–50 lm size fraction was collected from five stations in Northeastern and WesternFlorida Bay to characterize spatial variability in species assemblage and stable isotopic composition. Adense bloom of the picocyanobacterium, Synechococcus elongatus, was observed at Western Florida Baysites. Smaller Synechococcus sp. were present at Northeast sites in much lower abundance. Bacteria anddetrital particles were also more abundant at Western Florida Bay stations than in the northeast region.The highest abundance of detritus occurred at Trout Creek, which receives freshwater discharge fromthe Everglades through Taylor Slough. In terms of nutrient availability and stable isotopic values, theS. elongatus population in the Western bay corresponded to low DIN (0.5 lM NH4

+; 0.2 lM NO3))

concentrations and depleted d15N signatures ranging from +0.3 to +0.8&, suggesting that the bloomsupported high productivity levels through N2-fixation. d15N values from the Northeast bay were moreenriched (+2.0 to +3.0&), characteristic of N-recycling. d13C values were similar for all marine FloridaBay stations, ranging from )17.6 to )14.4&, however were more depleted at the mangrove ecotone station()25.5 to )22.3&). The difference in the isotopic values reflects differences in carbon sources. Thesefindings imply that variations in resource availability and nutrient sources exert significant control overplanktonic community composition, which is reflected by stable isotopic signatures.

Introduction

Florida Bay has been influenced by changes in thetiming and volume of freshwater flow from theEverglades in the last half century as a result ofextensive modification of the natural discharge

patterns by water management infrastructure(Davis & Ogden, 1994; Rudnick et al., 1999). Thishas prompted researchers to explore the extent towhich salinity levels in the bay have been affectedby these changes (Huvane, 2002). Further, it ishypothesized that human alteration of the

Hydrobiologia (2006) 569:151–165 � Springer 2006J.C. Trexler, E.E. Gaiser & D.L. Childers (eds), Interaction of Hydrology and Nutrients in Controlling Ecosystem Function inOligotrophic Coastal Environments of South FloridaDOI 10.1007/s10750-006-0129-9

Ectoenzyme kinetics in Florida Bay: Implications for bacterial carbon

source and nutrient status

Clayton J. Williams & Frank J. Jochem*Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, 3000, NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA

(*Author for correspondence: Fax: +1-305-919-5896; E-mail: [email protected])

Key words: alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase, microbial food web, estuary, Florida Everglades

Abstract

Ectoenzyme kinetics [alkaline phosphatase, aminopeptidase (AM), lipase, a-glucosidase, and b-glucosidase]were determined over a seasonal cycle at four stations, Little Madeira Bay (northeast), Duck Key (east),Bob Allen Key (south-central), and Whipray Basin (north-central), which represent distinct regions ofFlorida Bay. Spatial and temporal variations in ectoenzyme kinetics were related to biotic and abioticdrivers in order to discern potential ectoenzyme substrate sources. Generally, ectoenzyme activities werehigher in the central bay and lowest in the eastern bay. One pronounced exception was AM activity, whichwas highest at the mangrove fringe along the northeastern bay and reflected increased contribution oforganic nitrogen inputs from upstream Everglades wetlands. When ectoenzymes were normalized to bac-terial abundances, these trends dissipated and highest cell-specific activities were observed consistently inthe south-central region. Relationships between ectoenzyme kinetics and environmental and biologicalparameters were complex, but three main spatially determined differences were discernable. Ectoenzymekinetics were controlled by phosphorus availability in the eastern bay, by organic matter availability in thesouth-central bay, by microbial community composition and organic matter availability in northeasternbay (wetlands transition area), and by microbial community composition in the north-central bay. Thesedifferences in enzyme kinetics further support the hypothesis of distinct microbial communities in differentregions of Florida Bay and provide insight into biogeochemical cycles and the microbial food web withinFlorida Bay.

Introduction

The microbial food web is increasingly recognizedas an important pathway in organic matter (OM)decomposition and nutrient cycling in marineecosystems (Azam et al., 1983). Within themicrobial food web, phytoplankton exudation andrelease by microbial grazers are the main sourcesof OM to the water column, and an estimatedaverage of 50% of autochthonous production isrecycled through this pathway (Azam, 1989). Inestuarine systems, benthic resuspension, benthicplant/algal exudation, and terrestrial/riverine in-puts represent additional sources of nutrients and

OM, which can stimulate heterotrophy and en-hance the microbial food web and microbial bio-geochemical cycles. Most OM inputs into marinesystems are not directly utilizable by bacteria,which cannot access organic material >600 Da(Weiss et al., 1991). Therefore, bacteria induceectoenzymes that hydrolyze polymers and oligo-mers into labile monomers that can pass throughcellular membranes (Hoppe et al., 2002).

Two commonly associated designations of non-cytoplasmic enzymes are ecto- and extracellularenzymes, where ectoenzymes are attached to the

Hydrobiologia (2006) 569:113–127 � Springer 2006J.C. Trexler, E.E. Gaiser & D.L. Childers (eds), Interaction of Hydrology and Nutrients in Controlling Ecosystem Function inOligotrophic Coastal Environments of South FloridaDOI 10.1007/s10750-006-0126-z

www.elsevier.com/locate/marpolbul

Marine Pollution Bulletin 52 (2006) 935–941

Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marinephytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida

Ingrid M. Zamora-Ley a,b, Piero R. Gardinali b,c, Frank J. Jochem d,*

a Department of Environmental Studies, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USAb Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC), Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA

c Department of Chemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USAd Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL, USA

Abstract

The antifouling boosting agent Irgarol 1051 is a strong inhibitor of the photosystem II (PSII) with high efficiency/toxicity towardsalgae. However, because some phytoplankton species are more sensitive to Irgarol than others, its persistent release into the environmentcould result in adverse changes in the phytoplankton community structure at heavily impacted sites such as marinas. Continuous mon-itoring in the Florida Keys showed Irgarol concentrations of up to 635 ng L�1 in the canal system leading to Key Largo Harbor Marina(KLH) with a sharp decrease in concentration at stations offshore from the mouth of the canal. Preliminary phytoplankton communityassessments from surface water samples collected in KLH between February and August 2004 showed changes in several phytoplanktonspecies in concordance with the increase of the herbicide concentrations. Typical responses include an increase in the abundance ofeukaryotes and Cryptomonas sp. as Irgarol concentrations increase.� 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Irgarol 1051; Phytoplankton; GC/MS; Flow cytometry; South Florida

1. Introduction

The increase in use of novel biocides to prevent foulingof boats by organisms such as algae, barnacles and musselsposes a potential threat to non-target organisms. The banof tributyltin (TBT), a compound deemed highly toxic tomarine biota, has lead to the development of alternativeantifouling compounds such as Sea-Nine 211, zinc pyrithi-one (ZPT) and Irgarol 1051 (Karlsson and Eklund, 2004).

Irgarol 1051 (2-methylthio-4-terbutylamino-6-cyclopro-pylamino-s-triazine) is a triazine-based algaecide used inmarine antifouling paints. It was developed because of itshigh efficiency/toxicity towards cyanobacteria, thus greatlydelaying the onset of fouling. Initial environmental riskassessment predicted Irgarol half-lives between 24 and

0025-326X/$ - see front matter � 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.12.010

* Corresponding author.E-mail address: [email protected] (F.J. Jochem).

273 days in the aquatic environment, no significant bioac-cumulation, and a low potential to affect non-target organ-isms (Giddings et al., 1998; Hall et al., 1999). The Irgarolexposure route for aquatic species is expected to be primar-ily through the water (Hall et al., 1999). Despite its pre-dicted environmental fate, residues of Irgarol 1051 havebeen found worldwide since 1993 (Hall et al., 1999;Voulvoulis et al., 2002) and recently in Biscayne Bay, theMiami River, and the Florida Keys (Gardinali et al.,2002, 2004). The herbicide has become almost ubiquitousin large marinas worldwide.

Irgarol 1051, like other herbicides, inhibits photosystemII (Hall et al., 1999) and reduces growth and productivityof sensitive phytoplankton species such as the diatomNavicula pelliculosa at concentrations as low as 136 ng L�1

(Dahl and Blanck, 1996). Some phytoplankton speciesappear to be more sensitive to Irgarol 1051 than others.For instance, 23 h exposure to Irgarol (112 ng L�1)decreased the abundance of some eukaryotic species to less

mailto:[email protected]

Technical Notes

Short-Term Physiologic Effects of Mechanical FlowSorting and the Becton-Dickinson Cell Concentrator

in Cultures of the Marine PhytoflagellataEmiliania huxleyi andMicromonas pusilla

Frank J. Jochem*

Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, North Miami, Florida

Received 9 August 2004; Revision Received 23 January 2005; Accepted 25 January 2005

Background: In contrast to large, high-efficiency cyto-meters, mechanically sorting benchtop instruments pro-vide a feasible alternative for shipboard cell sorting of ocea-nic microbial communities. However, sorting efficiency ofthese instruments is constrained by their maximum sortingrate of approximately 300 cells=s and by constant dilutionof sorted samples by sheath flow. These factors often ren-der too low sorted cell concentrations for postsortingexperiments of oceanic phytoplankton populations of lownatural abundance. A Cell Concentrator module has beenmarketed to overcome these dilution effects. Postsortingexperiments also have to consider potential physiologiceffects of cell sorting. Short-term physiologic effects on phy-toplankton photosynthetic rates and esterase activities bymechanical flow sorting and cell concentration and on theefficiency of the Cell Concentrator module are evaluated.Methods: Increasing numbers of the oceanic phytoflagel-lates Micromonas pusilla and Emiliania huxleyi weresorted and concentrated, and recovery in the concentratedsamples was compared with the sorted-only samples (con-centration rate) and the total number of sorted cells (recov-ery rate). Photosynthetic rates and metabolic activities ofsorted and sorted=concentrated cells were compared withunsorted cells. Photosynthetic rates were estimated from14CO2 uptake experiments and metabolic activity quanti-fied cytometrically after cleavage of fluorescein diacetate.Results: Irrespective of the total number of sorted cells,concentration rates between concentrated and sortedcells remained mostly below 10-fold and did not increasewith the number of concentrated cells. Recovery ratesin the concentrated samples amounted to fewer than 10%

of total sorted cells, except for forceful resuspensionattempts in the Concentrator insert (25–44%), whichmight be unsuitable for delicate species. Cell sortingresulted in a 24–49% decrease in photosynthetic rates.Metabolic activity within metabolically active cells was notaffected by cell sorting, but the share of metabolicallyactive cells decreased by 32–37%. Cell concentration didnot affect metabolic activity or the fraction of active cellsbut did increase photosynthetic rate several-fold comparedwith unsorted cells.Conclusion: Low recovery of concentrated cells, prob-ably due to cell adhesion to the filer bottom of the Concen-trator insert, render the Cell Concentrator of limited use toovercome dilution problems of mechanical flow sorting,particularly when results are extrapolated to natural, low-abundance populations. Severe changes in photosyntheticrates also render concentrated cells suspicious for subse-quent physiologic experiments. Mechanical sorting alonealso exhibited significant physiologic effects on sorted cells,some of which might not be temporary. Comparable effectsbetween mechanical sorting and droplet sorting as pre-viously reported confirm that physiologic effects might becaused predominantly by shear stress and laser exposureduring cytometric analysis rather than the sorting process.Sufficient recovery time must be allowed before postsort-ing experiments, but potential changes in cell physiologyfrom the natural conditions during postsorting recoverymust be considered. q 2005Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Key terms: mechanical flow sorting; phytoplankton;photosynthetic rate; metabolic activity; cell concentrator

*Correspondence to: Dr. Frank J. Jochem, Marine Biology Program,

Florida International University, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181.

E-mail: [email protected]

Published online 24 March 2005 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.

wiley.com).

DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20137

q 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Cytometry Part A 65A:77–83 (2005)

Estuarine Microbial Food Web Patterns in a Lake Erie CoastalWetland

P.J. Lavrentyev1, M.J. McCarthy2, D.M. Klarer3, F. Jochem4 and W.S. Gardner2

(1) Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA(2) Marine Science Institute, The University of Texas, Port Aransas, TX 78373, USA(3) The Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve, Huron, OH 44839, USA(4) Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33181, USA

Received: 18 November 2003 / Accepted: 13 May 2004 / Online publication: 9 November 2004

Abstract

Composition and distribution of planktonic protists wereexamined relative to microbial food web dynamics(growth, grazing, and nitrogen cycling rates) at the OldWoman Creek (OWC) National Estuarine Research Re-serve during an episodic storm event in July 2003. Morethan 150 protistan taxa were identified based on mor-phology. Species richness and microbial biomass mea-sured via microscopy and flow cytometry increased alonga stream–lake (Lake Erie) transect and peaked at theconfluence. Water column ammonium (NH4

+) uptake(0.06 to 1.82 lM N h–1) and regeneration (0.04 to 0.55lM N h–1) rates, measured using 15NH4

+ isotope dilution,followed the same pattern. Large light/dark NH4

+ uptakedifferences were observed in the hypereutrophic OWCinterior, but not at the phosphorus-limited Lake Erie site,reflecting the microbial community structural shift fromnet autotrophic to net heterotrophic. Despite this shift,microbial grazers (mostly choreotrich ciliates, taxon-specific growth rates up to 2.9 d–1) controlled nano-phytoplankton and bacteria at all sites by consuming 76to 110% and 56 to 97% of their daily production,respectively, in dilution experiments. Overall, distribu-tion patterns and dynamics of microbial communities inOWC resemble those in marine estuaries, where planktonproductivity increases along the river–sea gradient andreaches its maximum at the confluence.

Introduction

Aquatic microbial communities encompass a wide arrayof heterotrophic, autotrophic, and mixotrophic (i.e.,

capable of combining autotrophic and heterotrophicnutrition) prokaryotes and eukaryotes, which togethercomprise the microbial food web [62]. In the LaurentianGreat Lakes, abundant assemblages of ciliates and fla-gellates [8, 14, 66] exhibit short turnover times [10, 39],exert grazing pressure on picoplankton [26, 40, 53], andform direct trophic links to crustacean mesozooplankton[9, 43]. However, despite more than a century ofmicrobiological studies in this region ([36] and refer-ences therein), the knowledge of major microbial com-ponents is incomplete. Specifically, little is known aboutthe structure and dynamics of microbial communities incoastal wetlands, which play the critical role of ‘‘meta-bolic gates’’ to the Great Lakes [71].

Abiotic gradients in natural waters provide a tool toexamine relationships between taxonomic compositionand dynamics of microbial communities [41, 68]. Estu-aries, defined as semi-isolated coastal areas that are di-luted by freshwater discharge [35], present a dynamicphysical environment characterized by sharp gradients insalinity, nutrient concentrations, turbidity, and temper-ature. Interactions among these factors typically result inenhanced plankton productivity [27, 55, 72] and nitrogencycling rates [3, 44] in the mixing zone as compared tooffshore waters. Estuarine protists, specifically ciliates,form abundant and diverse assemblages in the mesoha-line zone [13, 24] and consume a large proportion ofbacterial and phytoplankton production [4, 18, 50]. InLake Erie, which exhibits physical processes similar to thecoastal ocean, coastal wetlands and marshes play the roleof estuaries. Although salinity is not a factor, lake watersand streams combine in freshwater ‘‘estuaries’’ to form athird type of water, which is chemically different fromeither the streams or the lake. Specifically, phosphorus-rich storm runoff water mixes with P-deficient lake water.In addition, storm-driven standing waves (seiches) playthe role of tides.Correspondence to: P.J. Lavrentyev; E-mail: [email protected]

DOI: 10.1007/s00248-004-0250-0 d Volume 48, 567–577 (2004) d � Springer Science+Business Media, Inc. 2004 567

INTENSE GRAZING AND PREY-DEPENDENT GROWTH OF PFIESTERIA PISCICIDA(DINOPHYCEAE)1

Senjie Lin2

Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA

Margaret R. Mulholland

Department of Ocean, Earth & Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4600 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, Virginia

23529-0276, USA

Huan Zhang, Timothy N. Feinstein3

Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut 06340, USA

Frank J. Jochem

Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, Florida 33181, USA

and

Edward J. Carpenter

Romberg Tiburon Center, San Francisco State University, 3152 Paradise Drive, Tiburon, California 94920, USA

Grazing and growth of Pfiesteria piscicida (Pfiest)were investigated using batch and cyclostat cultureswith Rhodomonas sp. (Rhod) as prey. Observed max-imum growth rates (1.4 d� 1) and population densi-ties (2 � 105 cells .mL� 1) corresponded to valuespredicted by Monod functions (1.76 d� 1; 1.4 � 105

cells .mL� 1). In batch cultures under a range ofprey-to-predator ratios (0.1:1 to 180:1) and preyconcentrations (1000–71,000 cells .mL� 1), Rho-domonas sp. was always depleted rapidly and P. pi-scicida concentrations increased briefly. The rate ofRhodomonas sp. depletion and the magnitude of P.piscicida population maxima depended on the prey-to-predator ratio and prey concentration. Starvationresulted in cell cycle arrest at G1 and G2þM andultimately the demise of both P. piscicida and Rho-domonas sp. populations, demonstrating the de-pendence of P. piscicida on the supply ofappropriate prey. The depletion of Rhodomonas sp.populations could be attributed directly to grazing,because P. piscicida did not exert detectable inhibi-tory effects on the growth of Rhodomonas sp. butgrazed intensely, with maximum grazing rates410Rhod .Pfiest� 1 . d�1 and with no apparent thresholdprey abundance for grazing. The results suggest that1) the abundance of appropriate prey may be an im-portant factor regulating P. piscicida abundance innature, 2) P. piscicida may control prey population,and 3) high growth and grazing potentials of P.

piscicida along with cell cycle arrest may confersurvival advantages.

Key index words: cell cycle; flow cytometry; graz-ing; growth; heterotrophic dinoflagellate; Pfiesteriapiscicida; prey dependence; Rhodomonas sp.

Abbreviations: LT Batch, long-term batch cultures;Pfiest, Pfiesteria piscicida; PPF, P. piscicida filtrate;Rhod, Rhodomonas sp.; SC Batch, semicontinuousbatch cultures

Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger et Burkholder is an am-bush predator dinoflagellate implicated in major fishkills in North Carolina and Maryland estuaries. Thesuspected ichthyotoxicity and potential consequencesof this organism for public health have motivated in-tensive research to understand factors promoting itsblooms (Burkholder et al. 2001). Research has focusedon understanding the nutritional requirements andtrophic interactions (Burkholder and Glasgow 1997,Lewitus et al. 1999, Seaborn et al. 1999, Feinsteinet al. 2002). Although reported to feed by myzocytosison moribund or caged fish (Burkholder et al. 1992,Glasgow et al. 2001, Berry et al. 2002), zoospore pop-ulations of P. piscicida are able to meet their nutritionalrequirements in diverse ways. They are capable of us-ing dissolved organic and inorganic nutrients and canprey on organisms ranging from bacteria to mamma-lian tissues (Burkholder et al. 2001). It has been shownthat P. piscicida feeds and grows efficiently on phyto-plankton prey (Glasgow et al. 1998, Seaborn et al.1999, Burkholder et al. 2001, Parrow et al. 2001,

1Received 5 December 2003. Accepted 19 August 2004.2Author for correspondence: e-mail [email protected] address: Department of Biological sciences, Carnegie

Mellon University, 4400 5th Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

1062

J. Phycol. 40, 1062–1073 (2004)r 2004 Phycological Society of AmericaDOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2004.03217.x

Microbial ammonium cycling in theMississippi River plume duringthe drought spring of 2000

FRANK J. JOCHEM*,†, MARK J. MCCARTHY AND WAYNE S. GARDNER

THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE, 750 CHANNEL VIEW DRIVE, PORT ARANSAS, TX 78373, USA

†PRESENT ADDRESS: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, MARINE BIOLOGY PROGRAM, 3000 NE 151 STREET, NORTH MIAMI, FL 33181, USA

*CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: [email protected]

Received February 19, 2004; accepted in principle April 8, 2004; accepted for publication June 15, 2004; published online June 24, 2004

Microbial potential uptake and regeneration rates of ammonium (NH4+) were studied along a salinity

gradient (salinities 0.2–34.4) in the Mississippi River plume during an extreme drought in spring

2000. Chlorophyll concentrations up to 30 �g L�1 were highest in the low- and mid-salinity regions

(salinities 8.5–28.2) and comparable to records of other years but extended over smaller areas than

during periods of normal river flow. Bacterial biomass (5.1–28.3 �g C L�1) was at the low end of the

range observed in normal flow years, decreased with distance from the river mouth and did not peak with

chlorophyll. Heterotrophic nanoflagellate abundance (1.4–4.0 �g C L�1) did not reflect phytoplankton

and bacterial spatial distribution but peaked at 9.2 �g C L�1 at salinity 8.5. Microbial NH4+

regeneration rates were estimated by 15NH4+ isotope dilution experiments for the whole microbial

community, under light and dark conditions, and for the <2 �m bacterium-dominated size fraction.

Microbial NH4+ regeneration rates (0.018–0.124 �mol N L�1 h�1) were low relative to previous

reports and peaked at salinity 28. Total NH4+ regeneration rates were higher than those in the <2 �m

size fraction at only four stations, suggesting that bacterial mineralization was a significant component

of NH4+ recycling in some parts of the river plume. Higher NH4

+ regeneration in whole-water samples

versus <2 �m fractions provided evidence for microbial grazing in regions where chlorophyll and

regeneration rates peaked and at two full-salinity stations.

Biogeochemical cycles on the Louisiana shelf in the

northern Gulf of Mexico are influenced by riverine

freshwater inputs from the Mississippi River, which

introduces dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inor-

ganic nutrients as substrates for bacteria and phyto-

plankton (Sklar and Turner, 1981; Chin-Leo and

Benner, 1992; Lohrenz et al., 1999). Nitrate loads

have increased over the last 30 years (Turner and

Rabalais, 1991; Justic et al., 1993, 1995) and support

dense phytoplankton blooms at intermediate salinities

in the Mississippi River plume (Lohrenz et al., 1990,

1999; Chin-Leo and Benner, 1992; Gardner et al.,

1997). Nitrogen can control primary production in

shelf waters near the Mississippi River delta, although

phosphorus and silicate limitation also has been

observed at times (Sklar and Turner, 1981; Dortch

and Whitledge, 1992). Long-term trends in the relative

nutrient composition of Mississippi River water ( Justic

et al., 1993, 1995) suggest that nutrient input ratios have

approached Redfield values, leading to some ambiguity

and temporal variability in nutrient-limitation status

(Lohrenz et al., 1999).

Hypoxic conditions over the Louisiana and Texas

shelf have been linked to the nitrate load of the river

plume (Scavia et al., 2003). This relationship is complex

mechanistically, however, because it involves nitrogen

transformations and microbial food web interactions

throughout the plume. Nitrate becomes depleted along

the river-to-ocean mixing gradient through dilution and

biological uptake (Bode and Dortch, 1996; Lohrenz et al.,

1999), whereas ammonium (NH4+) uptake and recycling

rates increase at intermediate salinities (Gardner et al.,

1994, 1997; Bode and Dortch, 1996). Water-column

nutrient recycling sustains phytoplankton production

JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH j VOLUME 26 j NUMBER 11 j PAGES 1265–1275 j 2004

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbh118, available online at www.plankt.oupjournals.org

Journal of Plankton Research Vol. 26 No. 11 � Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved

www.plankt.oupjournals.org

RESEARCH ARTICLE

F. J. Jochem Æ P. J. Lavrentyev Æ M. R. First

Growth and grazing rates of bacteria groups with differentapparent DNA content in the Gulf of Mexico

Received: 25 November 2003 / Accepted: 25 April 2004 / Published online: 30 June 2004� Springer-Verlag 2004

Abstract Growth rates and grazing losses of bacterio-plankton were assessed by serial dilution experiments insurface waters in the Mississippi River plume, thenorthern Gulf of Mexico, a Texas coastal lagoon (La-guna Madre), southeast Gulf of Mexico surface water,and the chlorophyll subsurface maximum layer in thesoutheast Gulf of Mexico. Bacteria were quantified byflow cytometry after DNA staining with SYBR Green,which allowed for discrimination of growth and grazingrates of four bacteria subpopulations distinguished bytheir apparent DNA content and cell size (light scattersignal). Total bacteria growth rates (0.2–0.9 day�1) weremostly balanced by grazing losses, resulting in netgrowth rates of �0.18 to 0.45 day�1. Growth rates ofDNA subpopulations varied within experiments, some-times substantially. In most, but not all, experiments, thelargest bacteria with highest DNA content exhibited thehighest growth rates, but a relationship between DNAcontent and growth rates or grazing losses was absent.Small bacteria with the lowest DNA content showedpositive growth rates in most experiments, sometimeshigher than growth rates of bacteria containing moreDNA, and were grazed upon actively. Low-DNA bac-teria were not inactive and were an integral part of themicrobial food web.

Introduction

Bacteria play a key role in planktonic marine microbialfood webs. They constitute an important share ofplankton biomass, and their activity impacts ecosystemmetabolism and function. Bacteria are a major compo-nent in aquatic carbon cycling and other biogeochemicalprocesses (Ducklow 2000). A contemporary challenge inmicrobial ecology is to understand the functional role ofphylogenetically or otherwise defined bacterial popula-tions in natural ecosystems.

Marine bacterioplankton studies have improved withthe development of new techniques. Culture-indepen-dent molecular tools now allow assessment of bacterialdiversity of heterogeneous, natural populations, a taskpreviously hindered by the minor number of cultivablemarine bacteria (Giovannoni and Rappe 2000). Theintroduction of flow cytometry into the analysis ofplanktonic bacteria (Li et al. 1995; Marie et al. 1997)made bacteria counts faster, easier, and more precise (byhigher number of counted cells; Venrick 1978) andprovided feasibility for experiments involving a highnumber of counting samples to be processed. Goodcorrelation between cytometric and microscopic bacteriacounts has been shown (e.g. Marie et al. 1997; Yanadaet al. 2000; Jochem 2001; Vaque et al. 2001).

With the introduction of cytometric bacteria counts,which rely on DNA staining, it became obvious thatbacterioplankton communities are composed of groupswith different apparent DNA content (Li et al. 1995;Marie et al. 1997). Depending on the system understudy, two to four bacteria groups distinguished by theircombination of DNA content and cell size (light scattersignal) could be differentiated (Gasol and del Giorgio2000 and references therein). Whereas coastal andeutrophic samples tend to have two groups, up to nineDNA clusters have been distinguished in coastal Medi-terranean waters (Troussellier et al. 1999).

The ecological significance of bacteria groups withdifferent DNA content has been set into the context of

Communicated by O. Kinne, Oldendorf/Luhe

F. J. Jochem (&)Marine Biology Program, Florida International University,3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USAE-mail: [email protected]: +1-305-919-5896

P. J. LavrentyevDepartment of Biology, University of Akron,Akron, OH 44325, USA

M. R. FirstDepartment of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia,Athens, GA 30606, USA

Marine Biology (2004) 145: 1213–1225DOI 10.1007/s00227-004-1406-7

Photo- and heterotrophic pico- andnanoplankton in the Mississippi Riverplume: distribution and grazing activity

FRANK J. JOCHEM1,*

THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN, MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE, 750 CHANNEL VIEW DRIVE, PORT ARANSAS, TX 78373, USA

1PRESENT ADDRESS: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, MARINE BIOLOGY PROGRAM, 3000 NE 151 STREET, NORTH MIAMI, FL 33181, USA

*CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: [email protected]

The abundance of pico- and nanophytoplankton, bacteria and heterotrophic nanoXagellates, and

grazing rates on phototrophic pico- and nanoplankton and bacterioplankton were assessed along a

salinity gradient (0.2–34.4) in the Mississippi River plume in May 2000. Grazing rates were

established by serial dilution experiments, and analysis by Xow cytometry allowed differentiation

of grazing rates for different phytoplankton subpopulations (eukaryotes, Synechococcus spp.,

Prochlorococcus spp.). Grazing rates on phytoplankton tended to increase along the salinity gradient

and often approached or exceeded 1 day–1. Phytoplankton net growth rates (growth – grazing) were

mostly negative, except for positive values for eukaryotic nanoplankton in the low-salinity, high-

chlorophyll region. Grazing pressure on bacteria was moderate (~0.5 day–1) and bacteria gained

positive net growth rates of ~0.3 day–1. Eukaryotic nanophytoplankton were the major phototrophic

biomass and protozoan food source, contributing 30–80% of the total consumed carbon. Bacteria

were the second most important food source at 9–48% of the total consumed carbon. Synechococcus

spp. and Prochlorococcus spp. remained an insigniWcant portion of protozoan carbon consumption,

probably due to their low contribution to the total pico- and nanoplankton biomass. Group-speciWc

grazing losses relative to standing stocks suggest protozoan prey preference for eukaryotes over

bacteria. Protozoan grazers exerted a major grazing pressure on pico- and nanophytoplankton, but

less so on bacteria.

INTRODUCTION

Dense phytoplankton accumulations at salinity fronts

occur in estuarine areas (Pingree, 1978; Parsons et al.,

1981; Dagg et al., 2003). High and variable input of fresh

water in river-dominated estuaries creates surface salinity

gradients associated with high spatial variability in

inorganic and organic nutrient concentrations, water

turbidity, and phytoplankton biomass and production

(Cloern, 1996; Lohrenz et al., 1999). Intense phytoplank-

ton blooms at intermediate salinities occur in the

Mississippi River plume (Lohrenz et al., 1990, 1999;

Chin-Leo and Benner, 1992; Gardner et al., 1997).

These blooms are supported by high riverine import of

inorganic nutrients but are located downstream of the

river mouth due to the high turbidity in the low-salinity

region (Lohrenz et al., 1990, 1999). Anthropogenic

eutrophication of the Mississippi River, which drains

~41% of the continental USA, has increased the river

nutrient load over the last 30 years (Turner and Rabalais,

1991; Justıc et al., 1993, 1995) and promotes extensive

bottom-water hypoxia during summer (Pakulski et al., 1995).

Protozoan plankton, comprising heterotrophic nano-

Xagellates (HNF), ciliates and heterotrophic dinoXagellates,

form an important component of secondary producers in

marine ecosystems (Reckermann and Veldhuis, 1997;

Brown et al., 2002) and are responsible for the consump-

tion of large amounts of primary production (Sherr and

Sherr, 1994). Mesozooplankton can be a signiWcant source

of mortality for estuarine phytoplankton (Dam and

Peterson, 1993), but most studies indicate protozoan

microzooplankton as the major consumers of estuarine

primary production (McManus and Ederington-Cantrell,

1992; Gallegos et al., 1996).

Mississippi River water also imports high amounts of

dissolved organic matter (DOM) into the coastal marine

JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH j VOLUME 25 j NUMBER 10 j PAGES 1201–1214 j 2003

doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbg087, available online at www.plankt.oupjournals.org

Journal of Plankton Research 25(10), # Oxford University Press; all rights reserved

JOURNAL

OF

PLANKTON

RESEARCH

|

VOLUME

|

NUMBER

|

PAGES

‒

|

Journal of Plankton Research 25(2); © Oxford University Press; all rights reserved

Effects of mesozooplankton removal and ammonium addition on planktonic trophic structure during a bloom of the Texas ‘brown tide’: a mesocosm study

EDWARD

J

.

BUSKEY

*,

HUDSON

DEYOE1

,

FRANK

J

.

JOCHEM

2

AND

TRACY

A

.

VILLAREAL

MARINE

SCIENCE

INSTITUTE

,

THE

UNIVERSITY

OF

TEXAS

AT

AUSTIN

, 750

CHANNEL

VIEW

DRIVE

,

PORT

ARANSAS

,

TX

78373

AND

1DEPARTMENT

OF

BIOLOGY

,

UNIVERSITY

OF

TEXAS

-

PAN

AMERICAN

,

EDINBURG

,

TX

,

USA

2PRESENT

ADDRESS

:

MARINE

BIOLOGY

PROGRAM

,

FLORIDA

INTERNATIONAL

UNIVERSITY

,

NORTH

MIAMI

,

FL

,

USA

*

CORRESPONDING

AUTHOR

: [email protected]

A bloom of the alga Aureoumbra lagunensis, known as the Texas ‘brown tide’, persisted in the Laguna

Madre of Texas for most of the 1990s. The dominant mesozooplankter in Laguna Madre, Acartia

tonsa, does not feed on A. lagunensis, and during blooms there are few other suitably sized

phytoplankton cells available to feed on. We hypothesized that these copepods increased their feeding

on microzooplankton, thereby reducing grazing pressure by microzooplankton on A. lagunensis and

contributing to the persistence of this bloom. A mesocosm experiment was carried out to test this

hypothesis during the summer of 1999. Twelve fiberglass corral-type mesocosms were deployed in the

field for 16 days, each enclosing ~1.2 m

3

of Laguna Madre water and 1.1 m

2

of natural benthos.

Mesozooplankton were removed from six mesocosms with a 153 µm mesh dip net every 4 days; the

other six mesocosms were treated in the same way, except that the contents of the net were returned to

the mesocosm. For each zooplankton treatment, half of the mesocosms were dosed with ~40 µ

M

NH

4

at 4 day intervals, and half received no additions. Phytoplankton populations in these mesocosms at

the start of the experiment were dominated by A. lagunensis and the cyanobacterium Synechococcus

spp. Growth rates of A. lagunensis were higher in mesocosms without ammonium additions, providing

no evidence for nitrogen limitation. Acartia tonsa populations were reduced by ~50% in the

zooplankton removal mesocosms, and ciliate populations were significantly higher. The increase in

ciliate population had no significant impact on A. lagunensis population dynamics, however, providing

no evidence to support the hypothesis that a trophic cascade reducing microzooplankton populations

contributed to the persistence of the brown-tide bloom. In contrast, populations of Synechococcus sp.

showed evidence of both ‘top–down’ and ‘bottom–up’ control; they grew faster in nutrient addition

mesocosms and had lower populations in mesocosms with increased densities of ciliate grazers.

INTRODUCTION

The Laguna Madre is a large (2.15

�

10

5

ha), shallow(average depth 1.2 m) coastal lagoon, whose waters areoften hypersaline due to restricted circulation with theGulf of Mexico, high evaporation rates and low precipita-tion (Armstrong, 1987). The Texas brown-tide algalbloom persisted in the Laguna Madre of Texas fromDecember 1989 until October 1997 without interruption(Buskey

et al

., 1997, 2001). The Texas brown tide is adense, persistent bloom of the alga

Aureoumbra lagunensis

, a

small (~4–5 µm diameter) pelagophyte. Under bloomconditions, cell densities range from 0.5

�

10

6

to 5

�

10

6

cells ml

–1

(Buskey

et al

., 1996). At these densities, under-water irradiance is severely reduced, and seagrass distri-bution and biomass has been reduced (Onuf, 1996).Although abnormally high rainfall flushed the brown-tidealga from the Laguna Madre on at least two occasions(October 1997, October 1998), the bloom returned whenthe salinities increased to hypersaline levels (Buskey

et al

.,2001).

Aureoumbra lagunensis

has a competitive advantageunder hypersaline conditions over many phytoplankton

08 buskey (3578) (ds) Page 215 Thursday, January 23, 2003 1:10 PM

Original Articles

Cytometric Quantification of Nitrate Reductase byImmunolabeling in the Marine Diatom

Skeletonema costatumFrank J. Jochem,1* G. Jason Smith,2 Yu Gao,3 Richard C. Zimmerman,2 Alejandro Cabello-Pasini,4

Donald G. Kohrs,2 and Randall S. Alberte5

1The University of Texas at Austin, Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, Texas2Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing, California

3Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey4Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada, Mexico

5PhycoGen, Inc., Portland, Maine

Received 23 August 1999; Revision Received 22 November 1999; Accepted 24 November 1999

Background: The uptake of nitrate by phytoplankton is acentral issue in biological oceanography due to its impor-tance to primary production and vertical flux of biogeniccarbon. Nitrate reductase catalyzes the first step of nitrateassimilation, the reduction of NO3 to NO2. A cytometricprotocol to detect and quantify relative changes in nitratereductase (NR) protein content of the marine centricdiatom Skeletonema costatum is presented.Methods: Immunolabeling of NR protein was achievedwith polyclonal antibodies raised against S. costatum NR.Antisera specific to a NR protein subunit and to a NRpolypeptide sequence were compared, and cytometricresults of NR protein abundance were related to Westernanalyses. Changes in cellular NR abundance and activitywere followed during an upwelling simulation experi-ment in which S. costatum was exposed to a shift fromammonia to nitrate as major nitrogen source.Results: NR protein could be detected in NO3-grown cellsand at extremely low levels hardly discernible by Western

Blot densiometry in NH4-grown cells. The protocol al-lowed observation of early stages of NR induction duringan upwelling simulation. NR abundance increased afterthe nutrient shift to reach a new physiological “steady-state” 96 hrs later. NR activity exhibited diel variation withmaxima at mid-day. NR abundance as estimated by bothflow cytometry and Western analysis exhibited a hyper-bolic relationship to NR activity. This pattern suggestspost-translational activation of NR protein.Conclusions: The presented protocol allows the differ-entiation of NH4- versus NO3-grown algae as well as themonitoring of early stages in the induction of nitrateassimilatory capacities. Cytometry 39:173–178, 2000.© 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Key terms: Skeletonema costatum; flow cytometry; ni-trate reductase; immunolabeling; upwelling; phytoplank-ton bloom

The uptake of nitrate by phytoplankton is a central issuein biological oceanography due to its importance to pri-mary production and vertical flux of biogenic carbon. Foran oceanic ecosystem, the rate of “new” production (re-lying on external inputs of nitrate in contrast to “regener-ated” production thriving on ammonia; 1) directly relatesto the sinking flux of biogenic material (2). Therefore,nitrate utilization rates should set the upper limit forcarbon supply rates to benthic communities (3).

Assimilatory nitrate reductases (NR; EC 1.6.6.1) cata-lyze the first step of nitrate assimilation, the reductionof NO3 to NO2, in plants and fungi (4), thereby expend-

ing as much as 25% of photosynthesis-generated energy(5). A comprehensive understanding of intrinsic fea-tures of NO3 metabolism in phytoplankton can yieldsubstantial insights into the biological mechanisms un-derlying the dynamics of new production (6). Despite

Grant sponsor: German Research Council; Grant number: DFG Jo192/5-5,6 to FJJ, Grant sponsor: Office of Naval Research to GJS, Grantsponsor: National Science Foundation to RCZ.

*Correspondence to: Frank J. Jochem, Marine Science Institute, 750Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373.

E-mail: [email protected]

© 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. Cytometry 39:173–178 (2000)

F. J. Jochem

Dark survival strategies in marine phytoplankton assessedby cytometric measurement of metabolic activitywith ¯uorescein diacetate

Received: 10 May 1999 /Accepted: 20 September 1999

Abstract Cytometric quanti®cation of cellular ¯uores-cence upon cleavage of ¯uorescein diacetate (FDA) ispresented as a sensitive and rapid technique to assessphytoplankton metabolic activity during exposure toprolonged darkness of 10 to 12 d. Two distinct types ofmetabolic response to darkness are distinguished: Type Icells (Brachiomonas submarina, Pavlova lutheri, Chryso-chromulina hirta) adapt to prolonged darkness by re-ducing their metabolism to a lower level of activity(�10% of initial in P. lutheri, C. hirta, �0.5% inB. submarina) within few days, whereas Type II cells(Prymnesium parvum, Bacteriastrum sp., unidenti®edpennate diatom) continue with unchanged activity. TypeI cells were able to maintain their initial cell abundanceand commenced rapid cell growth upon re-illuminationafter 12 d of darkness. Among Type II cells, diatomswere able to maintain cell abundance and growth ca-pacity as well, whereas P. parvum was not. Type I cellsare expected to exhibit competitive advantages in envi-ronments with frequent or long dark periods. Bacter-ivory further supports dark survival in C. hirta.

Introduction

Although photoautotrophic growth of phytoplankton islight dependent and therefore restricted to the euphoticzone, live algal cells are often encountered well below the

lit ocean layers. These cells might have sunken out of theupper water column or occurred in physically displacedsurface-near water. Observations of deep phytoplanktonassemblages have been presented as evidence for water-mass subduction in the California Current System(Kadko et al. 1991; Washburn et al. 1991), for example.Murphy and Cowles (1997) reported 50 ´ 60 km widepatches of live phytoplankton at aphotic depths of 150to 200 m o� the California shelf that contributed abiomass about 2.5 times the amount of chlorophyll inthe overlaying euphotic zone. Especially during winterand spring, phytoplankton of temperate and boreal re-gions can experience quite frequent deep-mixing, due tostrong winds and thermal convection.

The time of withstanding deep-mixing and darkconditions can determine the survival and competitivesuccess of a speci®c population or species in an envi-ronment exhibiting such conditions frequently. Somegroups of phytoplankton possess the capability offorming resting cells such as resting spores in diatoms,cysts in dino¯agellates and akinetes in cyanobacteria.The majority of small eukaryotic phyto¯agellates,however, do not show such survival stages. Because oftheir small size of mostly <10 lm, they cannot be ex-pected to contain enough energy reserves to survive longperiods of darkness without either switching to a het-erotrophic mode of nutrition or reducing their metabolicactivity to a necessary minimum. The study of physio-logical response in these species is vital to understand theecological role of deep-water chlorophyll accumulations.

The measurement of ¯uorescein diacetate (FDA)hydrolysis has been applied to estimate microbial bio-mass on coniferous needles (Swisher and Carroll 1980),to determine total microbial activity in soil (SchnuÈ rerand Rosswall 1982), water (Holzapfel-Pschorn et al.1987) and deep-sea sediments (KoÈ ster et al. 1991;Gumprecht et al. 1995), and to di�erentiate between liveand dead/unhealthy cells in mammalian cell cultures(Ross et al. 1989) and microalgae (Gilbert et al. 1992).In connection with pollution studies and using ¯uores-cence microscopy, Bentley-Mowat (1982) ®rst reported

Marine Biology (1999) 135: 721±728 Ó Springer-Verlag 1999

Communicated by O. Kinne, Oldendorf/Luhe

F.J. JochemInstitut fuÈ r Meereskunde,DuÈ sternbrooker Weg 20,D-24105 Kiel, Germany

Corresponding address:The University of Texas at Austin,Marine Science Institute,750 Channel View Drive,Port Aransas, Texas 78373, USAe-mail: [email protected]

11.b. PAPERS/PRESENTATIONS AT MEETINGS/CONFERENCES Underlined marks presenting author during the conference when first author was not presenting author *) marks work presented by my graduate students 11.b.(1) International Scientific Conferences

1. Jochem, F.J., M. Alves-Brinn, K. Rein, J. Winshell: Polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. Gordon Research Conference “Marine Microbes”, Biddeford, ME, USA. 23-28 July 2006.

2. Lavrentyev, P.J., K.M. Moats, F.J. Jochem: Underway mapping of phytoplankton distribution and size structure using flow cytometry. 2006 ASLO Summer Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Victoria, Canada. 4-9 June 2006.

3. Buehler, V., F.J. Jochem: Forecasting Atlantic cod growth and survival in response to climatic and fisheries induced changes in the Barents Sea. 2006 ASLO Summer Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Victoria, Canada. 4-9 June 2006.

4. Jochem, F.J., M. Alves-Brinn, K. Rein, J. Winshell: Polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. 2006 ASLO Summer Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Victoria, Canada. 4-9 June 2006.

5. McCarthy, M.J., W.S. Gardner, P.J. Lavrentyev, K. Moats, F.J. Jochem: Preliminary measurements of sediment-water interface N transformations during Lake Erie hypoxia. Great Lakes in a Changing Environment, 49th Annual Conference on Great Lakes Research, International Association for Great Lakes Research, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. 22-26 May 2006.

6. Gobler, C.J., S.W. Wilhelm, R.A. Bourbonniere, T.W. Davis, S. Deonarine, M.A. Saxton, F.J. Jochem: Microbial mortality mechanisms (viral lysis and grazing) prior to and during the onset of seasonal hypoxia in the central basin of Lake Erie. Lake Erie Millennium Meeting, Windsor, Canada. 1 March 2006.

7. Jochem, F.J., M. Alves-Brinn, C.J. Williams: Seasonal patterns in bacterial community composition in Florida Bay. 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography and American Geophysical Union, Honolulu, HI, USA. 20-24 February 2006.

8. Williams, C.J., P.J. Lavrentyev, F.J. Jochem*): Evidence for top-down and bottom-up control of microbial populations in Florida Bay, USA. 2006 Ocean Sciences Meeting, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography and American Geophysical Union, Honolulu, HI, USA. 20-24 February 2006.

9. Buehler, V., F.J. Jochem: How an oscillating environment may influence cod (Gadus morhua) growth and survival during the initial stages and possible consequences for the future recruitment. ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea) 2005 Annual Science Conference, Aberdeen, UK. 20-24 September 2005.

10. Jochem, F.J., P.J. Lavrentyev, K. Moats, D.M. Klarer: Abundance, growth and grazing loss rates of low- and high-DNA bacteria in the Old Woman Creek estuary and western

Lake Erie. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

11. Moats, K.M., P.J. Lavrentyev, F.J. Jochem, D.M. Klarer: On the applicability of serial dilution to measure microzooplankton herbivory in productive coastal waters. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

12. Zamora, I.M., F.J. Jochem*), P.R. Gardinali: Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marine phytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

13. Rogers, M.T., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*), S.K. Dailey: Bacterial abundance, growth rate, and grazing losses in Florida Bay. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

14. Williams C.W., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*): Ectoenzyme kinetics across two isolated phytoplankton blooms within Florida Bay. American Society of Limnology and Oceano-graphy Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 20-26 February 2005.

15. Evans, S., W. Anderson, F.J. Jochem, J.M. Fourqurean: Interannual variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic signatures of size-fractionated POM from the South Florida coastal zone. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA. 13-17 December 2004.

16. Zamora, I., F.J. Jochem*), P. Gardinali: Assessing the effects of Irgarol 1051 on marine phytoplankton populations in Key Largo Harbor, Florida. Society of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology (SETAC) Annual Meeting, Portland, OR, USA. 14-18 November 2004.

17. Rogers, M., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*), S.K. Dailey & E. Kuhnlein: Bacterial enum-eration, productivity and phytoplankton analysis in Florida Bay. 17th Biennial Conference of the Estuarine Research Federation, Seattle, WA, USA. 14-18 September 2003.

18. Lavrentyev, P.J., M.R. First, W.S. Gardner, M.J. McCarthy & F.J. Jochem: Microbial food web structure and nitrogen cycling rates in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico and Texas coastal waters. ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2003, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 8-14 February 2003.

19. Jochem, F.J.: Growth and grazing rates of bacteria sub-populations with different apparent DNA content in the Gulf of Mexico. ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2003, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. 8-14 February 2003.

20. Jochem, F.J., W.S. Gardner: Microbial ammonium recycling and grazing rates along a salinity gradient in the Mississippi River plume. AGU (American Geophysical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting 2002, Honolulu, HI, USA. 11-15 February 2002.

21. Jochem, F.J.: Taxonomic fractionation of picophytoplankton by flow cytometry: are small eukaryotes the overseen oceanic plankton? ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2001, Albuquerque, NM, USA. 11-16 February 2001.

22. DeYoe, H., E.J. Buskey, E., F.J. Jochem, T. Villareal: Effect of nitrogen addition on a mixed species phytoplankton bloom. 54th Annual Meeting of the Phycological Society of America, San Diego, CA, USA. 15-19 July 2000.

23. Buskey, E.J., H. DeYoe, F.J. Jochem, T.Villareal, C. Hyatt, L. Hyde: Effects of meso-zooplankton removal on trophic structure during a bloom of the Texas Brown Tide: a mesocosm study. AGU (American Geophysical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA. 24-28 January 2000.

24. Pargee, S., T. Villareal, F.J. Jochem: Phytoplankton abundance and fluorescence characteristics along a transect in the western Gulf of Mexico. AGU (American Geo-physical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA. 24-28 January 2000.

25. Jochem, F.J.: Bacterioplankton in the western Gulf of Mexico – Analysis by epifluores-cence microscopy and flow cytometry. AGU (American Geophysical Union) Ocean Sciences Meeting, San Antonio, TX, USA. 24-28 January 2000.

26. Jochem, F.J., E.M. Epple: Effects of UV-radiation on Baltic Sea phytoplankton. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO ’99 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA, 1-5 February 1999.

27. Jochem, F.J., G.J. Smith, Y. Gao, D.L. Robertson, A. Cabello-Pasini, D.G. Kohrs, R.C. Zimmerman, R.S. Alberte: In-situ probing for phytoplankton growth and enzyme activity in single cells – flow cytometry of DNA cell cycles and nitrate reductase. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO ’99 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA, 1-5 February 1999.

28. Boje, R., M. Meyerhöfer, F.J. Jochem: The productivity of Baltic cyanobacteria. ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea) Symposium on Brackish Water Environments, Helsinki, Finland. 25-28 August 1998.

29. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the Southern Ocean in early austral spring. 1998 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 9-12 February 1998.

30. Smith, G.J., Y. Gao, D.L. Robertson, A. Cabello-Pasini, F.J. Jochem, R.C. Zimmerman, D.G. Kohrs: Response of nitrate metabolism in Skeletonema costatum to variations in nitrogen source availability. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO '97 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA. 10-14 February 1997.

31. Jochem, F.J., G.J. Smith, Y. Gao, D.G. Kohrs, D.L. Robertson, A. Cabello-Pasini, R.C. Zimmerman: Temporal changes in cell composition and growth of Skeletonema costatum upon a shift in nitrogen supply. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography ASLO '97 Meeting, Santa Fé, NM, USA. 10-14 February 1997.

32. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the central Baltic Sea – A summer study. 1996 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 12-16 February 1996.

33. Jochem, F.J., N.K. Gelpke: UV-light induced growth and productivity enhancement in iron limited tropical phytoplankton. 1996 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American

Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 12-16 February 1996.

34. Jochem, F.J.: Coupling of hydrography and biology during the German JGOFS-NABE study at 18°N 30°W - Impact on productivity and standing stock. JGOFS France Workshop on the Modelization of Marine Biogeochemical Cycles. Gif-sur-Yvette, France. 23-25 November 1994. INVITED.

35. Giesenhagen, H.C., J. de Wall, A.E. Detmer, F.J. Jochem*), A. Weber: Influence of melting sea ice on the microbial food web and its significance for ice edge blooms: an experimental approach. 1994 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 21-25 February 1994.

36. Jochem, F.J., S. Mathot, B. Quéguiner: Size-fractionated primary production in the open Southern Ocean in austral spring 1992. 1994 Ocean Sciences Meeting, AGU (American Geophysical Union) and ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography), San Diego, CA, USA. 21-25 February 1994.

37. Trenkel, V., A. Detmer, F.J. Jochem*), H.C. Giesenhagen: Microbial food webs in anaerobic deep layers of the Central Baltic Sea. ASLO (American Society of Limnology and Oceanography) /BES (British Ecological Society) Meeting: Aquatic Ecology - Scale, Pattern and Process. Cork, Ireland. 5-8 April 1992.

38. Jochem, F.J., V. Trenkel: Budgeting the microbial loop - the experimental approach versus in-situ measurements. ASLO-92, American Society of Limnology and Oceano-graphy, Santa Fé, NM, USA. 9-14 February 1992.

39. Giesenhagen, H.C., F.J. Jochem*): Pelagic bacterial production and activity in the Western and Central Baltic Sea. Fifth International Workshop on Microbial Ecology of Pelagic Environments. Helsingør, Denmark. 18-23 August 1991.

40. Jochem, F.J., H.C. Giesenhagen, R.R. Gradinger: Trophodynamic relationships within the microbial loop in the Baltic Sea. Fifth International Workshop on Microbial Ecology of Pelagic Environments. Helsingør, Denmark. 18-23 August 1991.

41. Passow, U., F.J. Jochem: Production and sedimentation of phytoplankton in the sub-tropical Northeastern Atlantic. JGOFS International Scientific Symposium on the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Washington, D.C., USA. 26-28 November 1990. INVITED.

42. Jochem, F.J., U. Passow: Production and sedimentation of phytoplankton in the tropical Northeastern Atlantic. JGOFS International Scientific Symposium on the North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Washington, D.C., USA. 26-28 November 1990. INVITED.

43. Jochem, F.J., N. Gelpke, H.C. Giesenhagen, R. Gradinger, N. Scharenberg: Tropho-dynamic relationships within the microbial loop in the Baltic Sea. NATO Advanced Study Institute on Individual Cell and Particle Analysis in Oceanography. Aquafredda, Italy. 21-30 October 1990. INVITED.

44. Jochem, F.J.: Distribution and importance of autotrophic picoplankton in the Western Baltic and its potential as a food source. ASLO '90 - Annual Summer Meeting of the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Williamsburg, VA, USA. 10-15 June 1990.

45. Jochem, F.J.: Distribution and importance of autotrophic picoplankton in the Western Baltic and its potential as a food source. British Phycological Society Winter Meeting 1990, University College North Wales, Bangor, Great Britain. 3-5 January 1990.

46. Jochem, F.J.: Chairman and Reporter of the working group 'Biological Oceanography' during ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea) Workshop "On the Chrysochromulina polylepis bloom in spring 1988", Bergen, Norway. 28 February - 2 March 1989.

47. Jochem, F.J.: Report of the activities and first results of the investigations on the Chrysochromulina bloom in the Federal Republic of Germany. International Meeting on Chrysochromulina polylepis, Nordsøcentret Hirtshals, Denmark. 5-7 December 1988. INVITED.

48. Jochem, F.J.: The distribution of Chrysochromulina polylepis in southern Kattegat and the Belt Sea during its bloom in spring 1988. 76th Statutory Meeting ICES (International Council of the Exploration of the Sea), Bergen, Norway. 12-15 October 1988. INVITED.

49. Jochem, F.J.: On the occurrence of nanoflagellates in Kiel Bight. British Phycological Society Winter Meeting 1988, Guildford University, Surrey, Great Britain. 4-6 January 1988.

11.b.(2) National Scientific Conferences

1. Williams, C.J., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*): Impacts of hurricane-induced freshwater release on pelagic microbial communities in northeastern Florida Bay. 2006 Spring Meeting, Southeastern Estuarine Research Society, Ponte Verda Beach, FL, USA. 31 March – 1 April 2006.

2. Jochem, F.J., C.J. Williams: Effects of post-hurricane freshwater imports from the Everglades on bacterial community composition, ectoenzyme activities, and nitrogen cycling in northern Florida Bay. 2005 Florida Bay and Adjacent Marine Systems Science Conference, Duck Key, FL, USA. 11-14 December 2005.

3. Evans, L.S., W.T. Anderson, F.J. Jochem: Interannual variability in carbon and nitrogen stable isotope signatures of size-fractionated POM from the South Florida coastal zone. 2005 Florida Bay and Adjacent Marine Systems Science Conference, Duck Key, FL, USA. 11-14 December 2005.

4. Rogers, M., J.N. Boyer, F.J. Jochem*), S.K. Dailey & E. Kuhnlein: Bacterial enum-eration, productivity and phytoplankton analysis in Florida Bay. National Science Found-ation, Long Term Ecological Research Program’s All Scientist Meeting (LTER-ASM), Seattle, WA, USA. 19-21 September 2003.

11.b.(3) Institutional Seminars and Conferences

1. Williams, C.J., F.J. Jochem*): Ectoenzyme kinetics in Florida Bay: implications for bacterial carbon source and nutrient status. 8th Biology Research Symposium, Florida International University, North Miami, FL. 28 January 2006.

2. Jochem, F.J.: Linking physiology and population dynamics in marine phytoplankton. Bremen University, Marine Botany Seminar. Bremen, Germany. 31 October 2005. INVITED.

3. Williams C.W., P.J. Lavrentyev, F.J. Jochem*): Microbial grazing impacts on bacterial ectoenzyme activity and substrate affinity in Florida Bay. 7th Annual Biology Symp-osium, Fairchild Tropical Garden, Miami, FL, USA. 29 January 2005.

4. Jochem, F.J.: Analysis of nitrate utilization, mixotrophy and population growth in marine phytoplankton by flow cytometry. The University of Texas Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA (invited). 6 November 1998. INVITED.

5. Jochem, F.J.: Probing the physiological state of phytoplankton in-situ: DNA cell cycles and nitrate reductase. Aquatic Flow Cytometry: Achievements and Prospects. Research- and Technology Center West Coast, Büsum, Germany. 15-16 October 1998. INVITED.

6. Jochem, F.J.: Probing physiological processes in single cells by flow cytometry – DNA cell cycle and nitrate reductase in marine phytoplankton. Institute for Baltic Sea Research, Warnemünde, Germany. 18 June 1998. INVITED.

7. Jochem, F.J.: New flow cytometry applications in marine biology and ecology. Univer-sity of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, HI, USA. 21 February 1997. INVITED.

8. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the open Antarctic Ocean. Institute for Polar Ecology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany. 6 January 1997. INVITED.

9. Jochem, F.J.: New techniques for cell analysis in microorganisms by analytic flow cytometry. Research Center Jülich, Germany. 11 October 1996. INVITED.

10. Jochem, F.J.: New approaches in marine flow cytometry for phytoplankton ecology. University of California at Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA. 31 May 1996. INVITED.

11. Jochem, F.J.: Application of flow cytometry in phytoplankton research: perspectives and problems. University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, Groton, CT, USA. 18 May 1994. INVITED.

12. Jochem, F.J.: Structure and importance of the microbial food web in the Baltic Sea. University of Connecticut, Department of Marine Sciences, Groton, CT, USA. 17 February 1994. INVITED.

13. Jochem, F.J.: Struktur und Bedeutung des 'Microbial Loop' in der Ostsee. Institut für Gewässerökologie und Binnenfischerei, Berlin, Germany. 2 June 1993. INVITED.

14. Jochem, F.J.: The significance of picophytoplankton in the Baltic Sea and its analysis by flow cytometry - perspectives and problems. Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, Boothbay Harbor, ME, USA. 21 February 1992. INVITED.

15. Jochem, F.J.: Significance of phytoplankton size structure and phototrophic picoplank-ton in the Baltic Sea. Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technol-ogy, Boston, MA, USA. 19 February 1992. INVITED.

16. Jochem, F.J.: The significance of the microbial loop in the Baltic Sea. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, MA, USA. 18 February 1992. INVITED.

17. Jochem, F.J.: The application of flow cytometry to studies of the microbial loop. Institute for Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. 17 February 1992. INVITED.

18. Jochem, F.J.: Das Phytoplankton unserer Küsten [The phytoplankton at German coasts]. Microscopic Association of Northrhine-Westfalia, Essen. 11 November 1988.

19. Jochem, F.J.: Die Bestimmung autotropher Flagellaten [The identification of autotrophic flagellates]. Microscopic Association of Northrhine-Westfalia, Essen. 11 March 1988.

11.c. Research Grants/Contracts 11.c.(1) Funded Research Grants and Contracts Award Letters, Submission Forms and proposal title pages are included at the end of the section. 11.c.(1).i. FUNDED COMPETITIVE RESEARCH PROPOSALS DURING EMPLOYMENT AT FIU

1. Populations Genetics of Deep-Sea Sharks off the Bahamas. PI with M Heithaus (FIU). Florida Institute of Oceanography, Shiptime grant for FIU course Oceanography at Sea II. May 2007. $18,000

2. NGOMEX 2006 – Using Spatially-Explicit, High-Resolution Surveys and Modeling to Quantify Hypoxia Effects on the Louisiana’s Shelf Living Resources. Co-PI with SB Brandt (PI), SA Ludsin, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, MR Roman, University of Maryland Horn Point Laboratory, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. August 2006 – July 2009. Total funds $1,462,729; assigned to FIU $175,260.

3. Population Genetics of Deep-Sea Sharks in the Gulf of Mexico. Co-PI with M Heithaus (FIU). Florida Institute of Oceanography, Shiptime grant for FIU course Oceanography at Sea II. April 2005. $36,000.

4. Development of Phytoplankton PCNA Antibodies for Use in Growth Studies: Emiliania huxleyi and Karlodinium micrum as Model Systems. Co-PI with S Lin, University of Connecticut. NSF Biological Oceanography. March 2005 – February 2008. Total funds $279,406; assigned to FIU $46,141.

5. Polyketide Synthase Bacteria and Florida Red Tides. PI with sub-contract to Larry Brand, University of Miami. NIEHS-ARCH. August 2004 – July 2006. $149,714.

6. SFP 2004 – Salinity, Nutrients, and Food Webs in Florida Bay. Co-PI with WS Gardner (PI), University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron, J Cottner, University of Minnesota. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. April 2004 – March 2007. Total funds $193,018; assigned to FIU $73,305.

7. Eukaryotic Microbial Communities of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve. Co-PI with PJ Lavrentyev (PI), RJ Duff, University of Akron. NSF Microbial Observatories. April 2003 – March 2007. Total funds $220,574; assigned to FIU $26,343.

8. Microbial Ammonium Regeneration and Grazing Activity in the Southeastern Gulf of Mexico. Single PI. College of Arts & Sciences, Florida International University. May – September 2002. $4,000.

9. Microbial Ammonium Regeneration Measurement by Direct Injection HPLC. Single PI. Florida International University DSRT Seeding Funds. June – December 2001. $6,321.

11.c.(1).ii. FUNDED RESEARCH CONTRACTS DURING EMPLOYMENT AT FIU

1. Phytoplankton Grazing Losses by Pelagic and Benthic Consumers in Florida Bay. Funding through sub-contract by C. Gobler, SUNY Southampton. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. July 2006 – June 2008. Estimated sub-contracts $30,000.

2. IFYLE – International Field Year in Lake Erie. Funding through sub-contracts by P.J. Lavrentyev, University of Akron, and C. Gobler, SUNY Southampton. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. June – October 2005. $6,032.

11.c.(1).iii. FUNDED COMPETITIVE RESEARCH PROPOSALS PRIOR TO EMPLOYMENT AT FIU

1. Ecology and Importance of Marine Microbial Food Webs. Single PI. German Research Council. September 1995 – May 1997. DM 92,200 ($61,500).

2. Development and Fate of Cyanobacterial Blooms in the Baltic Sea. Co-P.I. in the German sub-proposal with R. Boje. European Commission, Environment and Climate Program. July 1995 – December 1996. DM 270,000 ($180,000).

3. Ecology and Importance of Marine Pico- and Nanoplankton in Microbial Food Webs; Supplemental Grant: Studies in Tropical Ecosystems in the Caribbean Sea. Single PI. German Research Council. April 1994 – June 1995. DM 9,000 ($6,000).

4. Ecology and Importance of Marine Pico- and Nanoplankton in Microbial Food Webs. Single PI. German Research Council. July 1993 – June 1995. DM 447,000 ($298,000).

5. Structure, Dynamics and Importance of the Microbial Food Web in the Antarctic Pelagial. Single PI. German Research Council, Special Program on Polar Research. July 1992 – June 1993. DM 135,000 ($90,000).

11.c.(2) Non-Funded Competitive Research Grants and Contracts Submission Forms and proposal title pages are included at the end of the section.

1. NGOMEX 2006 – Nitrogen, Microbial Food Webs, and Hypoxia. Co-PI with WS Gardner (PI), University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. May 2006 – April 2009. Total funds requested $1,245,979, for FIU $175,259.

2. Quantitative Microbial Diversity in Florida Bay. Single PI. NSF Microbial Observatories.

May 2006 – April 2009; Total funds requested $485,047.

3. SFP 2006 – Sediment, Seagrass, and Pelagic Microbes in N Dynamics. PI with WS Gardner, University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. June 2006 – May 2008; Total funds requested $409,483, for FIU $124,074.

4. Population Genetics of Deep-Water Sharks off the Florida Coasts: Genetic Heterogeneity and Reproductive Isolation among Populations? Single PI. FIU Foundation. July 2005 – June 2006. Total funds requested $24,975.

5. Development of a RT-PCR PCNA-Technique for Measuring in-situ Cell Division Rates

in the Coccolithophorid Pleurochrysis carterae. Co-PI with S Lin, University of Connecticut. NSF Biological Oceanography. March 2004 – February 2006. Total funds requested $189,110, for FIU $29,504.

6. Bacterioplankton Diversity in Florida Bay: Microbial Observatory for a Subtropical

Estuary in the FCE-LTER. Co-PI with CD Sinigalliano, M Guerro, FIU SERC. NSF Microbial Observatories. January 2004 – December 2006. Total funds requested $564,788

7. SFP 2004 – Increased Freshwater Flow and Florida Bay Microbial Food Webs. PI with

JN Boyer, SERC. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. March 2003 – February 2006. Total funds requested $290,373

8. Phylogenetic Significance of Apparent DNA Content in Marine Bacterioplankton Sub-

Populations. Single PI. FIU Foundation. May – August 2004. Total requested funds $5,000


Populations. Single PI. College of Arts & Sciences, FIU. May – August 2004. Total requested funds $4,000

10. Assessment of Nitrogen versus Phosphorus Limitation of Phytoplankton Production in

Biscayne Bay by Microbial Ectoenzyme Analysis. Single PI. Biscayne Bay Regional Restoration Coordination Team. July 2002 – June 2003. Total requested funds $55,085

11. Interactions of C and P Cycling with Food Web Structure Across Multiple Gradients. Co

PI with N Urban (PI), Michigan Technological University, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NSF Chemical Oceanography. September 2003 – August 2006. Total requested funds $843,718, for FIU $121,560.

12. Coupling of Carbon and Phosphorus Biogeochemical Cycles with Food Web Structure

along Gradients of Nutrient Supply, Water Depth and Mixing Intensity. Co-PI with N Urban (PI), M Auer, Michigan Technological University, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NSF Earth Sciences. September 2003 – August 2006. Funds requested for FIU $23,612.

13. Microbial Food Web/Nitrogen Dynamics Coupling in Seasonally Hypoxic Environments.

Co-PI with WS Gardner (PI), University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NSF Biological Oceanography. January 2004 – December 2006. Total Funds requested $961,286, for FIU $156,938.

14. Control of Phytoplankton Production in Biscayne Bay, Florida: Nitrogen versus Phospho-rus Limitation and the Role of Dissolved Organic Nutrients. Single PI. NSF Biological Oceanography. March 2003 – February 2005. Total funds requested $170,626.

15. NGOMEX 2002 – Microbial Nitrogen Dynamics and Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia. Co-PI

with WS Gardner (PI), University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. May 2003 – April 2006. Total funds requested $967,608, for FIU $148,601.

16. Tilapia Growout and the Dynamics of Total and Pathogenic Bacteria (Aeromonas hydro-

phila) in the Philippines. PI with AC Caguan, Central Luzon State University, Philip-pines. USAID Pond Dynamics and Aquaculture Program. August 2003 – July 2005. Total funds requested $109,089, for FIU $43,012.


Populations. PI with K Mathee, FIU Biology. FIU Foundation. May 2003 – July 2003. Total funds requested $15,088.


Populations. Single PI. College of Arts & Sciences, FIU. May 2003 – July 2003. Total funds requested $3,000.

19. Microbial Ammonium Cycling and Grazing in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay, South

Florida. Single PI. NSF Biological Oceanography. July 2002 – June 2004. Total funds requested $125,320.

20. Microbial Ammonium Cycling and Grazing in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay, South

Florida. Single PI. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. March 2002 – February 2004. Total funds requested $129,049.

21. NGOMEX 2001 – Microbial Nitrogen Dynamics and Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia. Co-PI

with WS Gardner, University of Texas at Austin, PJ Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program. September 2001 – August 2003. Total funds requested $268,001, for FIU $35,183.

22. An Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Commercial Sponging on South Florida

Water Quality. Co-PI with JW Fourqurean, BJ Peterson, FIU Biology. Florida Sea Grant College Program. February 2002 – January 2004. Total funds requested $100,021.

23. Fisheries Curriculum Development. Co-PI with C Brown, FIU Marine Biology Program.

NOAA EPP/MSI Environmental Entrepreneurship Program. October 2001 – September 2004. Total funds requested $248,148

24. Dynamics of the Pelagic Microbial Food Web Upon Ice Melt in the Coastal High Arctic.

Co-PI with RR Gradinger, University of Alaska at Fairbanks. NSF Polar Program. January 2002 – December 2003. Total funds requested $252,754, for FIU $109,896.

25. Remote Sensing of Phytoplankton Population Composition in Coastal Marine Waters

using AVIRIS Spectral and Image Data. Co-PI with LL Richardson, FIU Biology, F Kruse, Analytical Imaging & Geophysics LLC, P Zimba, USDA-ARS. NASA Earth Science Enterprise. 36 months. Total funds requested $229,557.

11.d. TECHNICAL REPORTS/RESEARCH REPORTS No Technical Reports and/or Research Reports have been written.


for

11.c.(1).i. Funded Competitive Research Proposals During Employment at FIU

From: Randy Maxson [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Friday, August 25, 2006 3:53 PM To: [email protected]; [email protected] Subject: Heithaus Cruise Hello Mike & Frank, we are late getting the award letters out this year so I wanted to let you know about your shiptime informally in advance of the letter. You were awarded 6 days of shiptime aboard Suncoaster. I have you on the schedule for May 6-13. Those dates include an evening transit across to the Bahamas on May 6, with a return back across to Ft. Lauderdale the evening of May 12 and clearing back in the morning of May 13. The formal letter should be out next week. Regards Randy -- Randy Maxson Marine Superintendent Florida Institute of Oceanography 830 First Street South St. Petersburg, FL 33701 727-553-1100 727-553-1109 - fax [email protected] http://marine.usf.edu/fio

A PROPOSAL FOR SHIPTIME

TO

FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY INSTITUTION: Florida International University DEPARTMENT: Department of Biological Sciences,

Marine Biology Program ADDRESS: 3000 NE 151 St North Miami, FL 33181 TELEPHONE: (305) 919-5234; (305) 919 5882 EMAIL: [email protected], [email protected] TITLE: A survey of deep-water elasmobranchs and microbial communities off Abaco, Bahamas TYPE/DISCIPLINE: Marine biology undergraduate/graduate teaching (OCB

4993C Oceanography at Sea II, OCB 5993C Advanced Oceanography at Sea II); pilot research

NUMBER OF DAYS: 8 PREFERRED DATES: 1. May 1 – May 8, 2007

2. May 9 – May 16, 2007 3. May 17- May 24, 2007 or any 8-days period between May 1 – 24, 2007

_____________________ _____________________ Principal Investigators Accountable Officer Michael R. Heithaus, Ph.D. Joyce Peterson Ph.D. Frank Jochem, Ph.D. Associate Dean Marine Biology Program College of Arts and Sciences Florida International University Florida International University Note: By the above signatures, we certify that this request for ship time will not be used for a grant or contract funded by another agency without prior notification to FIO.

FIU

Florida International University Miami's public research university

September 11, 2006 Frank Jochem Biological Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Florida International University Miami, FL Re: Title: NGOMEX 2006-Using spatially-explicit, high-resolution rusveys and modeling to quntify hypoxia effects on the Lousiana's shelf living resources.

Agency: Department of Commerce/National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Amount: $48,768.00 Processed Date: 07-Aug-2006 Account No: 202601568

Dear Professor Jochem: We would like to congratulate you on the receipt of the award referenced above. We take this opportunity to encourage you to continue with an active research career, and to encourage you to continue to use the resources of the Division. We are always happy to hear from you about ways that we might improve our service to you and the University community. If you should have any questions with regards to your award, please contact your Pre-Award representative. Sincerely, Joseph Barabino Associate Vice President for Research

Office of Sponsored Research Administration 11200 S.W. 8th Street, Marc 430 ● Miami, FL: 33199 ● Tel: (305) 348-2494 ● Fax: (305) 348-4117 ● www.osra.fiu.edu

Page 1 of 1J

9/11/2006file://C:\Documents%20and%20Settings\jochemf\Local%20Settings\Temp\911200611005...

APPLICATION FOR Version 7/03 FEDERAL ASSISTANCE 2. DATE SUBMITTED Applicant Identifier

1. TYPE OF SUBMISSION: Application Pre-application

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5. APPLICANT INFORMATION Organizational Unit: Legal Name: Department:

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State: Zip Code Suffix:

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6. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER (EIN):

- Phone Number (give area code) Fax Number (give area code)

8. TYPE OF APPLICATION: New Continuation Revision

7. TYPE OF APPLICANT: (See back of form for Application Types) If Revision, enter appropriate letter(s) in box(es) (See back of form for description of letters.)

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10. CATALOG OF FEDERAL DOMESTIC ASSISTANCE NUMBER:

- TITLE (Name of Program):

12. AREAS AFFECTED BY PROJECT (Cities, Counties, States, etc.):

11. DESCRIPTIVE TITLE OF APPLICANT’S PROJECT:

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15. ESTIMATED FUNDING: 16. IS APPLICATION SUBJECT TO REVIEW BY STATE EXECUTIVE ORDER 12372 PROCESS?

a. Federal $ .00

b. Applicant $ .00

a. Yes. THIS PREAPPLICATION/APPLICATION WAS MADE AVAILABLE TO THE STATE EXECUTIVE ORDER 12372 PROCESS FOR REVIEW ON

c. State $ .00 DATE:

d. Local $ .00

b. No. PROGRAM IS NOT COVERED BY E. O. 12372

e. Other $ .00

OR PROGRAM HAS NOT BEEN SELECTED BY STATE FOR REVIEW

f. Program Income $ .00 17. IS THE APPLICANT DELINQUENT ON ANY FEDERAL DEBT?

g. TOTAL $ .00

Yes If “Yes” attach an explanation. No

18. TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEF, ALL DATA IN THIS APPLICATION/PREAPPLICATION ARE TRUE AND CORRECT. THE DOCUMENT HAS BEEN DULY AUTHORIZED BY THE GOVERNING BODY OF THE APPLICANT AND THE APPLICANT WILL COMPLY WITH THE ATTACHED ASSURANCES IF THE ASSISTANCE IS AWARDED. a. Authorized Representative Prefix First Name Middle Name

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b. Title c. Telephone Number (give area code)

d. Signature of Authorized Representative e. Date Signed

Previous Edition Usable Authorized for Local Reproduction

Standard Form 424 (Rev.9-2003)Prescribed by OMB Circular A-102

Project Title: NGOMEX 2006: Spatially-explicit, High-resolution Mapping and

Modeling to Quantify Hypoxia Effects on the Living Resources of the Northern Gulf of Mexico

Short Title: Spatial Mapping and Modeling to Quantify Hypoxic Effects

Lead Investigator:

Stephen B. Brandt NOAA Great Lakes Environmental

Research Laboratory (GLERL) 2205 Commonwealth Blvd

Ann Arbor MI 48105 Tel: (734) 741-2244

FAX: (734) 741-2013 Email: [email protected]

_____________________________

Co-investigators:

NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory: Stuart A. Ludsin

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (and GLERL):

Doran M. Mason Florida International University: Frank J. Jochem

University of Akron: Peter J. Lavrentyev

University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science: Michael R. Roman,

William C. Boicourt, David G. Kimmel

Requested funding to:

Institution Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Total NOAA GLERL $130,633 $126,714 $125,840 $383,187 Florida International University $48,768 $62,795 $63,698 $175,261 University of Akron $62,022 $54,237 $49,655 $165,914 University of Maryland $136,936 $137,309 $139,122 $413,367 Ship time $113,000 $117,000 $95,000 $325,000

TOTAL $491,359 $498,055 $473,315 $1,462,729

1

A PROPOSAL FOR SHIPTIME

TO

FLORIDA INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY INSTITUTION: Florida International University DEPARTMENT: Department of Biological Sciences,

Marine Biology Program ADDRESS: 3000 NE 151 St North Miami, FL 33181 TELEPHONE: (305) 919-5234 EMAIL: [email protected], [email protected] TITLE: A survey of deep-water elasmobranchs and microbial communities off the Florida Keys TYPE/DISCIPLINE: Marine biology research/undergraduate and graduate teaching. NUMBER OF DAYS: 7 PREFERRED DATES: 1. October 18-October 24

2. October 13-October 19 3. October 20-October 26

_____________________ _____________________ Principal Investigators Accountable Officer Michael R. Heithaus, Ph.D. Christopher Brown, Ph.D. Frank Jochem, Ph.D. Marine Biology Program Director Marine Biology Program Florida International University Florida International University Note: By the above signatures, we certify that this request for ship time will not be used for a grant or contract funded by another agency without prior notification to FIO.

From: <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Cc: <[email protected]>; <[email protected]>; <[email protected]> Sent: Friday, February 11, 2005 10:45 AM Subject: Award Id : 0452422, PI: Jochem Award Date: February 11, 2005 Award No. OCE-0452422 Proposal No. OCE-0452422 Dr. Modesto A. Maidique President Florida International University Division of Sponsored Research/Training University Park Campus Miami, FL 33199 Dear Dr. Maidique: The National Science Foundation hereby awards a grant of $46,140 to Florida International University for support of the project described in the proposal referenced above. This project, entitled "Collaborative Research: Development of Phytoplankton PCNA Antibodies for Use in Growth Studies: Emiliania huxleyi and Karlodinium micrum as Model Systems," is under the direction of Frank J. Jochem, Senjie Lin, in collaboration with the following proposals Proposal No: PI Name/Institution ------------------------------------------------------------------- 0452780 Senjie . Lin, University of Connecticut This award is effective March 1 , 2005 and expires February 29, 2008. This grant is awarded pursuant to the authority of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended (42 U.S.C. 1861-75) and is subject to Federal Demonstration Partnership General Terms and Conditions (FDP-IV, dated 7/04) and the NSF Agency-Specific Requirements (dated 10/04) available at http://www.nsf.gov/home/grants/grants_fdp.htm. The attached budget indicates the amounts, by categories, on which NSF has based its support. The cognizant NSF program official for this grant is Phillip R. Taylor, (703) 292-8582. The cognizant NSF grants official contact is Barbara A. Brooks, (703) 292-8213. Sincerely, Pamela A. Hawkins Grants and Agreements Officer CFDA No. 47.050 [email protected]

COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATIONFOR NSF USE ONLY

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FOR CONSIDERATION BY NSF ORGANIZATION UNIT(S) (Indicate the most specific unit known, i.e. program, division, etc.)

PROGRAM ANNOUNCEMENT/SOLICITATION NO./CLOSING DATE/if not in response to a program announcement/solicitation enter NSF 04-2

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SHOW PREVIOUS AWARD NO. IF THIS ISA RENEWALAN ACCOMPLISHMENT-BASED RENEWAL

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IS AWARDEE ORGANIZATION (Check All That Apply) SMALL BUSINESS MINORITY BUSINESS IF THIS IS A PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL(See GPG II.C For Definitions) FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION WOMAN-OWNED BUSINESS THEN CHECK HERE

NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION, IF DIFFERENT FROM ABOVE ADDRESS OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION, IF DIFFERENT, INCLUDING 9 DIGIT ZIP CODE

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REQUESTED AMOUNT

$

PROPOSED DURATION (1-60 MONTHS)

months

REQUESTED STARTING DATE SHOW RELATED PRELIMINARY PROPOSAL NO.IF APPLICABLE

CHECK APPROPRIATE BOX(ES) IF THIS PROPOSAL INCLUDES ANY OF THE ITEMS LISTED BELOWBEGINNING INVESTIGATOR (GPG I.A)

DISCLOSURE OF LOBBYING ACTIVITIES (GPG II.C)

PROPRIETARY & PRIVILEGED INFORMATION (GPG I.B, II.C.1.d)

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(GPG II.C.2.g.(iv).(c))

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PI/PD DEPARTMENT PI/PD POSTAL ADDRESS

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Page 1 of 2

0452422OCE - BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

PD 98-1650 08/15/04

650177616

Florida International University

0096354000

Florida International UniversityDivision of Sponsored Research/TrainingMiami, FL. 33199

Collaborative Research: Development of phytoplankton PCNA antibodies for use in growth studies: Emiliania huxleyi and Karlodinium micrum as model systems

46,140 36 03/01/05

Marine Biology Program

305-919-5896

3000 NE 151 St AC-1

North Miami, FL 33181United States

Frank J Jochem PhD 1990 305-919-5882 [email protected]

071298814

Electronic Signature

08/13/2004 1 06040000 OCE 1650 09/11/2006 2:40pm S


NSF PROPOSAL NUMBER













REQUESTED AMOUNT

$


months










(GPG II.C.2.g.(iv).(c))



PI/PD FAX NUMBER


PI/PD NAME

CO-PI/PD

CO-PI/PD

CO-PI/PD

CO-PI/PD

Page 1 of 2


PD 98-1650 08/15/04

060772160

University of Connecticut

0014175000

University of Connecticut438 Whitney Road ExtensionStorrs, CT. 062691133

Collaborative Resarch: Development of phytoplankton PCNA antibodies for use in growth studies: Emiliania huxleyi and Karlodinium micrum as model systems

279,406 36 03/01/05

Marine Sciences

860-449-8085Storrs, CT 06269United States

Senjie Lin PhD 1995 860-405-9168 [email protected]

614209054


0452780

i

Collaborative Research: Development of phytoplankton PCNA antibodies for use in growth studies: Emiliania huxleyi and Karlodinium micrum as

model systems

Intellectual merit. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a cell cycle marker potentially highly useful for assessing the phytoplankton growth status and estimating in situ growth rate. However, its application has been hindered by the lack of effective antibodies produced directly for phytoplankton PCNA. Efforts in recent years to alleviate this deficiency have resulted in cloning and sequencing of PCNA-encoding genes for major classes of phytoplankton. A study is proposed here to produce a suite (10) of phytoplankton PCNA antibodies. Three universal algal PCNA antisera and three dinoflagellate-specific PCNA antisera will be produced using synthetic peptides in collaboration with an antibody producing company (to reduce cost and hopefully prolong supply). Four antisera will be produced for the coccolithophorid species Eminiliania huxleyi (2) and the ichthyotoxic dinoflagellate Karlodinium micrum (2) based on purified PCNA overexpressed in bacteria from respective PCNA genes. A protocol of immunofluorescence using these antibodies will be optimized, with E. huxleyi and K. micrum as model systems, based on both epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Expression of PCNA in E. huxleyi and K. micrum will be characterized using Western Blots in relation to growth phases. Association of PCNA with the cell division cycle will be characterized by means of immunofluorescence labeling of PCNA and flow cytometric, DNA-based analysis of the cell cycle. Growth rates of these species in culture will be estimated with the protocol and assessment of the accuracy of the method will be conducted by comparison with actual growth rates obtained from cell counts. Broader impact. This project will produce a total of 10 polyclonal antibodies that will be available to interested researchers worldwide. These PCNA antisera will prove extremely useful for assessing the growth status of phytoplankton populations and for estimating in situ gross growth rates (GGR) using various detection formats (Western Blotting, immunofluorescence, or potentially, enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA)). These products will constitute a significant advance in the establishment of the PCNA-based cell cycle approach of phytoplankton growth rate estimation. The distribution of the antibodies to researchers and publication of the application protocol will facilitate future laboratory studies on the cell cycle and growth characteristics of the two model species and other phytoplankton, and lay the groundwork for field application of the PCNA approach to in situ growth rate estimation. Furthermore, this project will allow the PIs to train graduate and undergraduate students in application of molecular techniques and flow cytometric analyses to study phytoplankton growth rates in the marine environment. This proposed research will be thesis research project for a graduate student and will involve an undergraduate student. The new understanding achieved in this project will be integrated in courses taught by the PIs such as Molecular Approaches to Biological Oceanography and Biological Oceanography. The new information gained from this project and its incorporation in courses taught by the PIs will enhance the interdisciplinary strength in students� learning about Biological Oceanography and Marine Molecular Ecology. This project will also provide an excellent opportunity for the PIs to continue with their commitment to encourage minority and female students to participate in scientific research. The results will be reported at research conferences, and published in peer-reviewed journals and on the website of the University of Connecticut (http://www.phytoplankton.uconn.edu).

0452780

Principal Investigator/Program Director (Last, First, Middle): Jochem, Frank

DESCRIPTION: State the application’s broad, long-term objectives and specific aims, making reference to the health relatedness of the project. Describe concisely the research design and methods for achieving these goals. Avoid summaries of past accomplishments and the use of the first person. This abstract is meant to serve as a succinct and accurate description of the proposed work when separated from the application. If the application is funded, this description, as is, will become public information. Therefore, do not include proprietary/confidential information. DO NOT EXCEED THE SPACE PROVIDED.

This project addresses the association of polyketide synthase expressing bacteria (PKSB) with the Florida red tide dinoflagellate K. brevis, their population dynamics during bloom and non-bloom conditions, role in brevetoxin production, and potential re-association with other dinoflagellate species. Specifically, this project will develop in-situ tracking techniques to monitor PKSB abundance. Based on 16S rRNA sequences of PKSB recently isolated from K. brevis cultures, specific oligonucleotide probes for fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) will be developed. In addition to traditional FISH, in-situ PCR-based FISH protocols will be tested and optimized for higher labeling efficiency. For high sample throughput for field studies, FISH and PCR-FISH protocols will be combined with and optimized for flow cytometry. In addition, PCR and quantitative real-time PCR will aid in tracking PKSB, particularly when PKSB are low abundant, and will assess polyketide synthase (PKS) expression. Tracking techniques will verify the hypothesis that PKSB survive non-bloom conditions as free-living bacteria that re-associate with K. brevis upon red tide formation. Population dynamics of PKSB in culture experiments under controlled environmental conditions and in field samples during bloom and non-bloom conditions will be monitored. Dependence of PKSB growth and polyketide synthase expression on the presence of K. brevis will be tested by culture and diffusion chamber experiments. PKS expression (quantitative real-time RT-PCR) and brevetoxin presence (ELISA) in both the total (dinoflagellate + PKSB) and <5 µm (PKSB only) size fractions will be monitored in field samples during bloom and non-bloom conditions and in culture experiments to evaluate the role of PKSB in toxin production. The potential for re-association of PKSB with other dinoflagellate or rhaphidophyte species will be tested in culture experiments. Toxicity screening by Na+ ion channel activity will reveal if new PKSB-dinoflagellate associations can turn previously benign into harmful species.

PERFORMANCE SITE(S) (organization, city, state)

Florida International University, Marine Biology Program, North Miami, Florida. Field sampling on the Florida West Coast.

KEY PERSONNEL. See instructions. Use continuation pages as needed to provide the required information in the format shown below. Start with Principal Investigator. List all other key personnel in alphabetical order, last name first. Name Organization Role on Project Jochem, Frank Florida International University PI Brand, Larry Edward University of Miami Subcontract

Disclosure Permission Statement. Applicable to SBIR/STTR Only. See instructions. Yes No

PHS 398 (Rev. 05/01) Page 2 Number pages consecutively at the bottom throughout Form Page 2 the application. Do not use suffixes such as 2a, 2b.

From: Stellamarina Morales [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, June 07, 2006 4:33 PM To: Alan Conway Cc: [email protected]; Susie Escorcia Subject: Re: NA04NOS4780020

Mr. Conway, Thanks very much for your email. Sincerely, Stella From: Alan Conway <[email protected]> To: [email protected] Sent: 06/07/2006 03:27 PM Subject: NA04NOS4780020 Ms. Morales: This is in response to your request dated January 24, 2006, notifying us of your one-time extension under expanded authorities. Therefore, based on 15 CFR '14.25(e)(2), the end date for this award has been extended to March 31, 2007.

Alan Conway Grants Management Specialist

SFP 2004 - Salinity, nutrients, and food webs in Florida Bay PI: Wayne S. Gardner, The University of Texas at Austin

Collaborating PI: Peter J. Lavrentyev, The University of Akron Collaborating PI: James B. Cotner, University of Minnesota

Collaborating PI: Frank J. Jochem, Florida International University Total Proposed Cost: $383,365 Budget Period: 03/01/04 – 02/28/06

Project Summary: Florida Bay is a shallow, subtropical lagoon south of Florida and has experienced changes in salinity and ecological characteristics. Increased Synechococcus blooms and seagrass die-offs in the last 15 years have led to concerns about the health of this productive and valuable system. Causes for these changes, particularly in the north-central region, are not clear but may relate to hypersalinity, nutrient enrichment, and/or other factors. Ecosystem degradation occurs at elevated salinities, but seagrass die-offs and Synechococcus blooms are regional despite comparable salinity changes throughout the bay. Detailed knowledge of biogeochemical and food web dynamics in the different regions is needed to address the problem. Hypothesis: High salinities may alter nutrient dynamics and contribute to ecosystem degradation via sulfide formation in the north-central region by inhibiting nitrification/denitrification (a nitrogen [N] removal mechanism) and enhancing dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA, a N link), with consequences to food web dynamics. In this scenario, hypersalinity would cause the nutrient-enriched north-central region to have high sulfide concentrations and lead to high N: phosphorus [P] and ammonium [NH4

+]: nitrate [NO3-] ratios, which are conducive to cyanobacteria blooms but detrimental to

seagrass productivity. Planktonic protists may supply Synechococcus with regenerated P during low allochthonous input, and larger grazers may prevent them from exerting top-down control. Mechanistic studies are needed to define nutrient and food web dynamics and determine how they are influenced by salinity and nutrient status. The proposed research will focus on two questions: 1. Why do increased salinities affect ecological conditions in the north-central region more than other regions of Florida Bay despite comparable salinity variations throughout the bay? and 2. What factors allow algal blooms in Florida Bay to persist through dry and wet seasons despite grazing pressure and variations in allochthonous nutrient supply?

Interdisciplinary studies of these issues and interactions will be conducted in four representative regions to define rates and transformations leading to ecosystem degradation or preservation, respectively. Microbial food web studies will be combined with isotope tracer experiments (using labeled N and P compounds) to determine water column nutrient dynamics. Sediment processes will be studied by measuring nutrient fluxes, N-fixation, denitrification, DNRA, and associated food webs, simultaneously, in intact cores under controlled conditions.

The proposed research will contribute to the program goal of developing predictive capabilities from restoration activities for coastal ecosystems, specifically, Research Area (A), Nutrient Inputs and Dynamics. It will examine how salinity and nutrient biogeochemistry interact to affect food web dynamics and ecosystem health. The data will complement other Florida Bay studies, which provide spatial and temporal data on nutrient concentrations and biotic indicators. The proposed project will provide process rate data for models and help managers understand how freshwater and nutrient inputs affect nutrient cycling and ecosystem health. This research will help managers make informed decisions about appropriate remediation actions aimed at improving health and productivity in Florida Bay.


NSF PROPOSAL NUMBER









IS AWARDEE ORGANIZATION (Check All That Apply)(See GPG II.C For Definitions) FOR-PROFIT ORGANIZATION SMALL BUSINESS MINORITY BUSINESS WOMAN-OWNED BUSINESS




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SMALL GRANT FOR EXPLOR. RESEARCH (SGER) (GPG II.C.11)

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HUMAN SUBJECTS (GPG II.C.11)Exemption Subsection or IRB App. Date


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Page 1 of 2

0238352MCB - MICROBIAL OBSERVATORIES

NSF 02-118 07/23/02

346002924

University of Akron

0031237000

University of Akron302 East Buchtel AvenueAkron, OH. 443250001

Eukaryotic Microbial Communities of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve

220,574 36 03/01/03

Department of Biology

330-972-8445

College of Arts and Science

Akron, OH 443253908United States

Peter J Lavrentyev PhD 1991 330-972-7922 [email protected]

Robert J Duff PhD 1995 330-972-6077 [email protected]

045207552


Eukaryotic Microbial Communities of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve. Investigators: Peter Lavrentyev (UA), Robert Duff (UA), David Klarer (OWC NERR) and Frank Jochem (FIU)

Aquatic microbial communities encompass a wide array of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, which together comprise the microbial food web (MWF). Phagotrophic protists play a central role in this complex and dynamic system by regulating bacterial and primary production, linking it to the higher trophic level, and regenerating the bulk of inorganic nutrients in a variety of aquatic environments, including the Great Lakes. Despite their widely recognized importance, the relationship between diversity and ecosystem functions of protists remains poorly understood. Phagotrophic protists demonstrate a variety of feeding strategies and adaptations, including mixotrophy. In addition, physiological rates (e.g. growth and feeding) of their natural populations can be related to cell taxonomy more than to cell size. These adaptations make application of the traditional trophic level concepts within the MFW difficult. Therefore, examination of relationships between the structure and function of protistan communities is paramount for understanding and predicting ecosystem-level processes in the aquatic environment. Recent advances in molecular analyses, digital microscopy, and high-resolution flow-cytometry have made this goal more attainable. However, the Great Lakes have not been the object of such studies.

The proposed research aims to combine conventional “true-and-tried” microscopic methods with the state-of-the-art molecular, digital video, and flow-cytometry tools to describe taxonomic composition of unicellular eukaryotic plankton in relation to their key functions. The study will be undertaken at the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR) in conjunction with the ongoing long-term monitoring. This will ensure quality of background ecological information and cost-effective research. Samples will be collected from four stations along the stream-lake transect in the OWC NERR and coastal Lake Erie at monthly intervals to examine microbial composition, distribution, and dynamics under different hydrologic and climatic conditions throughout three “vegetative” seasons (March-October) and two complete annual cycles. The survey will be supplemented by field experiments designed to examine the effect of differences in microbial community composition on two functional aspects of the community: growth and grazing rates. The experiments will be based on a combination of dilution, size-fractionation, and fluorescently-labeled prey, which will be used to test and support each other.

This study will result in the creation of a library of protistan images and SSU rDNA sequences and contribute novel taxonomic and ecological data. These data will be made readily available to others through ITIS, GenBank, and NERR databases. In addition, community and species-specific growth, herbivory and bacterivory rates of planktonic protists will be determined in relation to their composition. These data will increase our knowledge of microbial life in critical estuarine/coastal wetland environments and contribute to the ongoing long-term monitoring of the OWC NERR. The study will facilitate interpretation and improve our ability to predict complex and dynamic microbial food web processes. Because of the ubiquitous nature of most protistan taxa and the similarity of physical and chemical processes in the Great Lakes and the coastal ocean, the obtained information will have implications for other freshwater and coastal marine systems. On yet broader scale, the study will provide new insights about the relationship between diversity and function in the natural communities.

Students involved in the project will experience a wide range of professional activities and will be involved in all aspects of the research enterprise. These students will include graduate and undergraduate students at the University of Akron, including underrepresented groups, and high school biology teachers in the Akron area. The scientific community and students will gain access to the obtained information via electronic media (WWW), seminars, and publications. Finally, the study will provide information for the Old Woman Creek NERR visitor center exhibit and thus contribute to the general public understanding of the importance of preserving biodiversity and estuarine/wetland environments.


for

11.c.(1).ii. Funded Research Contracts During Employment at FIU

1

Frank J Jochem

From: Christopher Gobler [[email protected]]Sent: Tuesday, May 09, 2006 8:04 PMTo: Frank J JochemSubject: Cytometry sample analyses?

Dear Frank,

I have a collaboration proposition I'd like to present to you. I was recently funded by NOAA's South Florida Program to examine benthic and pelagic grazing on phytoplankton communities in Florida Bay. For the project, I have a two-year field program which will commence this summer. Within the project, I have budgeted $30,000 for flow cytometric work to complement observation and experimental measurements I hope to make. I had originally intended to have samples sent to Mike Sieracki at the Bigelow Labs for these analyses. However, based on the quality of the analyses you provided for Lake Erie and your proximity to Florida Bay, I would be thrilled if you would consider being a collaborator for this project and running the flow cytometric analysis. As was the case for the Lake Erie project, I will make you a co-author of all papers and presentations from the project (there should be many) and will be able to pay you $6 per sample for phytoplankton analysis (no bacteria this time).

We plan on having ~ 6 sampling trips made seasonally (4/yr) from 2006 – 2008. If you were able to collaborate with me on this project, there are a three things which would be vital for the success of the program.1. I would like to be able to separate the eukaryotic phytoplankton into at least two size classes, with a separation of 1 or 2 um.2. I’d like to be able to hand deliver ~ 10 samples your lab at the beginning of our field trips in order to access the spatial distribution of picoplankton before I commence my full sampling. 2. I’d like to be able to hand deliver all samples to your lab at the end of each field trips for storage until later analysis.

Please let me know what you think of all this. I’d be happy to discuss this by phone if you’d like.

Best Regards,Chris


for

11.c.(2). Non-Funded Competitive Research Proposals During Employment at FIU


NSF PROPOSAL NUMBER













REQUESTED AMOUNT

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(GPG II.C.2.j)

HIGH RESOLUTION GRAPHICS/OTHER GRAPHICS WHERE EXACT COLORREPRESENTATION IS REQUIRED FOR PROPER INTERPRETATION (GPG I.G.1)


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Page 1 of 2

0603776MCB - Microbial Observatories and Microbial Interactions and Processes

NSF 05-600 10/27/05

650177616


0096354000


MIP: Quantitative Microbial Diversity in Florida Bay, a subtropical estuary in the Florida Coastal Everglades LTER

485,047 36 05/01/06


305-919-5896

3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


10/23/2005 3 08070600 MCB 1089 09/11/2006 2:39pm S

NSF – Microbial Observatories/Microbial Interactions and Processes – Project Summary

MIP: Quantitative Microbial Diversity in Florida Bay, a Subtropical Estuary in the Florida Coastal Everglades LTER

Frank J. Jochem, Florida International University Scientific Merits: Florida Bay is a shallow (<3 m), oligotrophic, subtropical estuary representing the marine boundary of the Everglades, one of the world’s largest wetland ecosystem. Carbonate mud banks compartmentalize the bay and create a spatial gradient of increasing inorganic nitro-gen (N) to phosphorus (P) ratio from west to east. Freshwater import from the Everglades wet-lands and mangrove fringes is an important source of N and P for the bay, particularly in the north-central bay affected directly by the outflow from the Taylor Slough/C-111 canal system. However, freshwater N and P imports are organic and subject to microbial degradation through bacterial ectoenzyme activity, as is the vast majority of N and P within the bay. Freshwater flow from the Everglades is controlled by water management, resulting in strong runoff pulses in pre-paration for and/or after tropical storms in the wet season and freshwater undersupply during the (winter) dry season. Everglades restoration plans aim at increasing freshwater flow, especially during the dry season, to approach previous, natural conditions, but the effects of these manage-ment plans on the bay ecosystem are still poorly understood. Short generation times, high diver-sity, and rapid physiological and community responses make microbial communities particularly helpful for early detection of ecosystem changes. Sometimes, microbial communities can be even more sensitive indicators of environmental change than environmental variables themselves because non-linear biological responses can amplify subtle environmental changes. Despite this potential and their important role in processing dissolved organic matter (DOM) imported from the Everglades into the bay, bacterial communities remain the least understood compartment of the bay and bacterial community composition has not been assessed yet. This project aims at assessing temporal and spatial variability in bacterial community composition through genetic fingerprinting, quantitative real-time PCR with group-specific primers, and direct quantification by group-specific fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Temporal and spatial patterns of community composition will be related to hydro-chemical conditions and bacterial production and ectoenzy-matic DOM processing. It is hypothesized that spatial differences reflect gradients in DOM quantity and quality and N:P ratios, while temporal patterns relate to freshwater flow and con-comitant DOM import. Different bacterial communities are expected to differ in ectoenzymatic activities. Potentially uncultivated bacteria will be brought into culture for further genetic and physiological characterization. Broader Impacts: The project will establish a baseline against which future potential changes upon altered Everglades water management can be compared. The project will also provide a cryogenic archive of community DNA, RNA, and whole cell samples as well as clone libraries of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and cultured strains for future research and dissemination. Research, dissemination, education and outreach efforts will be coordinated closely with the Florida Coastal Everglades LTER project. Established cultures and genetic information will be made available by deposition to the American Type Culture Collection and the BLAST database, respectively. This project will train one full-time graduate student and will continue the PI’s tradition of intensive non-formal undergraduate training in an urban, high-minority research university. Project Period: May 2006 – April 2009 Total Budget: $485,047

SUMMARY TITLE PAGE

SFP 2006 - Sediment, seagrass, and pelagic microbes in N dynamics PI – Frank J. Jochem, Marine Biology Program, Florida International University 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181 Phone: (305) 919 5882 Fax: (305) 919 5896 Email: [email protected] Total Budget:124,074 Year 1: $56,279 Year 2: $67,795 Co-PI Wayne S. Gardner, The University of Texas at Austin Marine Science Institute 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX 78373 Phone: (361) 749 6823 Fax: (361) 749 6777 Email: [email protected] Total Budget: $165,269 Year 1: $81,577 Year 2: $83,692 Co-PI Peter J. Lavrentyev, Department of Biology, The University of Akron Akron, OH 44325-3908 Phone: (330) 972 7922 Fax: (330) 972 8445 Email: [email protected] Total Budget: $120,140 Year 1: $59,727 Year 2: $60,413 ___________________________ Dr. Frank J. Jochem Principal Investigator

2005 FACULTY RESEARCH AWARDS

Population Genetics of Deep-Water Sharks off the Florida Coasts: Genetic Heterogeneity and Reproductive Isolation among Populations?

Dr. Frank J. Jochem

Marine Biology Program Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University

Although regional barriers are less obvious in the ocean than on land, recent studies have shown that populations of many marine organisms either stay in limited geographic areas or return to their native areas for reproduction. As a result, regional populations may remain separated for life or may segregate for mating and are, thus, reproductively isolated. Consequently, extinction of local populations would not be balanced by reproduction in another population. Therefore, determining patterns of reproductive isolation is not only important to understand a species’ ecology and evolution but also essential for conservation management. While reproductive isolation has been demonstrated in some coastal and near-surface shark species of the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean, the life history of deep-water sharks is largely unknown. This project will probe deep-water sharks off the Florida West (SW of Tampa Bay) and Southeast coasts (SE of the Keys) to assess for genetic differences that might indicate reproductive isolation between populations. Deep-water sharks, predominantly the gulper shark, will be caught during an already scheduled cruise in April 2005. Tissue samples will be preserved, and two approaches for DNA analysis will follow protocols previously established for other shark species. This project will enhance the understanding of the poorly known biology, ecology, and evolution of deep-water sharks, provide baseline data for a major research proposal addressed to NSF, and enhance the infrastructure and instrumentation in the Marine Biology Program. While the sampling cruise is scheduled and funded, this proposal is necessary to perform the sample analyses.


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PD 98-1650 08/15/03

650177616


0096354000


Collaborative Research: Development of a RT-PCR PCNA-technique for measuring in-situ cell division rates in the coccolithophorid Pleurochrysis carterae

29,504 24 03/01/03


305-919-5896

3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


08/11/2003 1 06040000 OCE 1650 09/11/2006 2:40pm S

i

Collaborative Research: Development of a PCNA RT-PCR technique for measuring in situ cell division rates in the coccolithophorid Pleurochrysis carterae

Intellectual merit. Coccolithophorid phytoplankton are important primary producers whose fixed carbon is efficiently conveyed down to the sea bottom via formation of calcite and whose production of DMSP may contribute to climate regulation. To accurately assess the role of these organisms in the oceanic carbon flux and magnitude of DMSP production, it is crucial to measure their in situ cell division rate (i.e. gross growth rate; CDR). Although the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique is increasingly used to detect cell concentration of phytoplankton, application of such a powerful technology to the studies of in situ CDR of these organisms is still lacking. Based on recent results on a correlation between CDR and expression of a growth-related gene, pcna, that codes for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), for the coastal species Pleurochrysis carterae, a study is proposed here to investigate effects of growth conditions on this correlation. The overall goal of this project is to assess whether a quantitative RT-PCR detection system can be established for rapid measurement of in situ CDR in P. carterae. Specific objectives of this project are to 1) develop species-specific primers for the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (cob) and pcna; 2) examine the efforts of nutrient and temperature conditions and time of day on the expression of pcna and cob measured with RT-PCR; 3) determine the synchrony of the P. carterae cell cycle; 4) establish the most appropriate method (correlation equation versus diel-sampling approach) to calculate CDR based on the RT-PCR-measured pcna expression. The results will facilitate testing of the following two hypotheses:

1) Cob expression is relatively constant; 2) The correlation between pcna expression (pcna/cob) and CDR in P. carterae is not

affected by nutrient and temperature conditions; 3) The correlation between pcna/cob and CDR in P. carterae does not change significantly

with time of day. The verification of the first hypothesis would qualify cob as a reference gene to normalize expression levels of other genes, whereas verification of the second would suggest that the correlation equation derived from cultures will be applicable to natural populations of P. carterae, justifying the formulation of a universal correlation for P. carterae CDR studies. If the third hypothesis is verified, i.e. P. carterae cell cycle is asynchronous, the universal correlation established would allow estimation of CDR from samples collected any time of the day. Falsification of the third hypothesis, however, would justify application of the diel (2-hourly)-sampling approach to estimate CDR based on pcna expression. Broader impact. This project will not only establish a useful PCNA RT-PCR method for calculating CDR for P. carterae, but also provide a model by which similar methodology can be applied to other coccolithophorid species and other phytoplankton lineages. Furthermore, this project will allow the PIs to train graduate, undergraduate, and possibly high school students in using the cell cycle approach with molecular techniques to study phytoplankton cell division rate in the environment. The new understanding achieved in this project will be integrated in courses taught by the PIs such as Molecular Approaches to Biological Oceanography, Biology of Marine Algae, Biological Oceanography, Marine Biology and Oceanography, Phycology, Marine Microbial Ecology and Aquatic Flow Cytometry. The new information gained from this project and its incorporation in courses taught by PIs will greatly enhance the interdisciplinary strength in students� learning about Biological Oceanography and Molecular Biology of marine phytoplankton. This project will also provide an excellent opportunity for the PIs to continue with their commitment to encourage minority and female students to participate in scientific research. The results will be disseminated to other researchers through a multifaceted method.

TPI 6252853


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0348625MCB - Microbial Observatories and Microbial Interactions and Processes

NSF 03-571 07/23/03

650177616


0096354000


Bacterioplankton Diversity in Florida Bay: Microbial Observatory for a subtropical estuary in the FCE-LTER

564,788 36 01/01/04

Southeast Environmental Research Center

305-348-4096University Park, Miami, FL 33199United States

Christopher D Sinigalliano PhD 1996 305-348-3095 [email protected]

Maria Guerrero PhD 1993 305-348-3992 [email protected]


071298814


07/23/2003 3 08070000 MCB 1089 09/11/2006 2:41pm S

PROJECT SUMMARY A microbial observatory to study bacterioplankton diversity in Florida Bay in response to

environmental gradients is proposed. Microbial community composition will be related to changes in the concentration and source (terrestrial vs. phytoplankton) of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and climatic factors (dry vs. wet season, freshwater inflow). Florida Bay is a sub-tropical estuary of high economic and environmental importance in South Florida that has been extensively monitored over the last two decades for a wide variety of environmental parameters, generating a substantial database of historical water quality information. Florida Bay is part of the Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research Site (FCE-LTER) and defines the southwestern boundary of the Everglades National Park (ENP). The Bay shares the oligotrophic characteristics of the Everglades, and together the Everglades/Florida Bay region has been designated as an “International Biosphere Reserve”, a “World Heritage Site”, and a “Wetland of International Importance”. The Everglades are currently the focus of the largest watershed restoration program, and the projected changes in water flow will affect the Bay’s macro-and micro-ecology. Because bacteria and micro-algae have fast growth rates and dominate both marine production and nutrient cycling, they are likely to be the most direct and sensitive indicators of ecosystem status and change. Intellectual Merit: Florida Bay thus represents an ideal ecosystem to study long-term effects of anthropogenic stress to microbial community structure and function. Although an active microbial food web has been identified in Florida Bay, data on the bacterioplankton community structure is virtually absent. Identification of the in situ bacterial species would thus be extremely useful in establishing baseline conditions for this population before, during, and after the extensive management changes to Everglades water flow. The proposed study will attempt to characterize the bacterioplankton community at selected sampling sites of the ongoing FCE-LTER program using both molecular and traditional methods. To examine hypotheses related to the impact of DOM loading on community diversity, sampling sites will represent regions of primarily terrestrial-derived and phytoplankton-derived DOM input, as well as regions of healthy and sparse seagrass beds. Bacterioplankton community diversity (i.e. “species richness” and relative abundance) will be documented by genetic community fingerprinting using combinations of length heterogentity PCR (LH-PCR) and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP), cloning, and sequencing of community 16S rDNA. This Microbial Observatory will establish cryogenic archives of biological material from these communities, including whole cells and DNA and RNA extracts, which will provide a valuable resource for future studies. In addition, culturable estuarine bacteria capable of catabolizing DOM will be isolated and their phylogenetic affiliation and physiological abilities determined. Any novel isolates will be deposited with appropriate culture collections. Overall, the Microbial Observatory will aid in (a) understanding community responses to environmental change, and (b) synthesizing these responses in the context of the physical, chemical and biotic variables in the Florida Bay ecosystem. Broader Impact: Florida International University (FIU) is a minority institution with the largest hispanic student enrollment and the second largest african-american student enrollment among the state of Florida universities. This Microbial Observatory will provide formal research training of both graduate and post-doctoral students and educational training in molecular microbial ecology for high school science teachers. Educational outreach for the general public will be supported by a dedicated website to disseminate results from this research in the context of the scientific and societal background of the Everglades and Florida Bay.

OFFICE OF THE DEAN 2004 FIU College of Arts & Sciences Summer Research Support Program

Phylogenetic significance of apparent DNA content in marine bacterioplankton sub-populations

Dr. Frank J. Jochem Florida International University, Marine Biology Program

Biscayne Bay Campus, AC-1 379; (305) 919 5882; [email protected] A. Abstract Cytometric analysis of bacterioplankton revealed two or more subpopulations with different DNA content. It was hypothesized that high-DNA bacteria represent active cells whereas low-DNA bacteria are dead or inactive. Molecular tools suggested that DNA subpopulations represent phylogenetic subgroups. Direct phylogenetic analysis of DNA subpopulations has not been performed yet. This project will determine the phylogenetic composition of DNA clusters after cytometric cell sorting and genetic analysis and will also assess if previous interpretations were biased by selectively favoring the growth of certain bacteria groups in bottle experiments. For the first time, phylogenetic information of DNA subpopulations will be assessed directly.

RESPONDENT CONTACT INFORMATION

RESPONDENTS Organization Name



Mailing Address 3000 NE 151 Street North Miami, FL 33181

Telephone # (305) 919 5882 Email: [email protected]

Fax #: (305) 919 5896

Type of Organization

○ Corporation ● Other

○ Partnership (if yes, list partner)

○ Government Agency

○ Joint Venture (if yes, list with who)

○ Individual

Contact Person(s) 1) Dr. Frank J. Jochem

2)

Assistant Professor Signature Title

Jochem page - 2 -

Assessment of Nitrogen versus Phosphorus Limitation of Phytoplankton Production in Biscayne Bay by Microbial Ectoenzyme Analysis

Project Proposal to BBRRCT RFI Category 4. Science/Research

Dr. Frank J. Jochem, Florida International University, Marine Biology Program A. Objectives and Scope

Water turbidity, causing problems for benthic and seagrass populations, is coupled to the amount of phytoplankton, which in turn is determined by the amount of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). To assess, evaluate, and plan improvements in water quality, knowledge of which nutrient is primarily determining (or “limiting”) phytoplankton growth is essential. The current state of phytoplankton nutrient limitation and its spatial and temporal variability in the bay are insufficiently known, so that decisions on which nutrient may be of concern in water management decisions can-not be based on scientific knowledge.

The last comprehensive study on phytoplankton nutrient limitation in Biscayne Bay dates back to 1986/87. Changes over the last 20 years are not documented scientifically. Preliminary bioassays indicated that nutrient limitation changed from P-limitation throughout the bay in the 1980’s towards increasing N-limitation particularly in the dry season and the northern bay. Dissolved in-organic and organic phosphorus concentrations also increased during the last years while nitrogen concentrations remained fairly stable, thus changing the nutrients N:P ratio. Monitoring of dissolved nutrients alone is, however, not sufficient to predict which nutrient is governing phytoplankton development. Nutrient limitation bioassays involve laborious, lengthy incubations and the use of radioisotopes (14C). Measurement of microbial ectoenzyme activity is a rapid way of evaluating nutrient deficiency of microbial populations. Nutrient limitation induces cells to synthesize ectoenzymes to enable the acquisition of the limiting nutrient from the dissolved organic phase. Alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) has been used to indicate P limitation, and aminopeptidase activity (AMA) can serve as an indicator of N limitation. Assessing the ratio of enzyme activities for N- and P-substrates, i.e. the APA:AMA ratio, indicates directly if N or P is the limiting nutrient.

Spatial and temporal variations in N versus P limitation shall be assessed by measuring APA:AMA ratios at 7 representative stations (Appendix 1) throughout both southern and northern Biscayne Bay in 3-weeks intervals over a 12 months period. Ectoenzyme analyses will be complemented by environmental data, and classical nutrient bioassays will verify conclusions drawn from ectoenzyme analyses. All selected stations are monthly sampled stations of the SERC monitoring program, which facilitates access to background and historical data from these stations and the later synthesis of data with the SERC monitoring database.

B. Deliverables and Measurable Objectives

As deliverables and measurable objectives, the proposed research will (1) reveal spatial and temporal patterns of N versus P limitation in Biscayne Bay, which is essential to evaluate and plan water quality management; (2) establish protocols to assess N versus P limitation that can be implemented easily into ongoing water quality monitoring efforts.

C. Proposal/Project Schedule and Readiness

The project is scheduled for 12 calendar months. Final results will be achieved at the end of the 12 months project period. The proposer’s lab is ready to commence the proposed study at any time on short notice. A 2-3 months lead time may be required to hire the budgeted technical assistant.


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0326217OCE - CHEMICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

PD 98-1670 02/15/03

650177616


0096354000


Collaborative Research: Interactions of C and P cycling with food web structure across multiple gradients

121,560 36 09/01/03


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3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


02/13/2003 1 06040000 OCE 1670 09/11/2006 2:42pm S

Project Summary The cycling of carbon and inorganic nutrients, and food web structure are intimately

coupled, but generalizations about these couplings are few. Two prevailing generalizations include: (1) Net Ecosystem Production (NCP) increases with increasing inputs of inorganic nutrients and concomitant increase in Net Primary Production (NPP); and (2) the degree of top-down control of food webs and nutrient cycling decreases along this same gradient.

This project will determine the balance of autotrophic and heterotrophic production in Lake Superior and clarify factors regulating this balance over a variety of spatial and temporal scales. A central hypothesis is that food web structure strongly influences carbon cycling and coupling of phosphorus and carbon cycles. Specifically, as the supply of inorganic nutrients or light decreases, the importance of phagotrophic protists and the microbial food web (MFW), and the relative magnitude of heterotrophic production increase. We will examine this hypothesis by examining carbon and phosphorus cycling, lower food web structure and activity across a trophic gradient within L. Superior as well as over the seasonal alteration of light and nutrient limitation. One of the mechanisms whereby food web structure influences the carbon balance is by regulating the regeneration of inorganic nutrients and labile DOC. This project will utilize nutrient-deletion/dilution–gradient methods to compare pathways of labile DOC generation as well as P recycling. Contrasting sites along a trophic gradient will provide observational evidence in support of our hypotheses.

This project will clarify interactions between food web structure and biogeochemical cycles of C and P in L. Superior across seasonal and spatial gradients of nutrient supply. L. Superior is an ultraoligotrophic system; the lake is heterotrophic, picoplankton are abundant, and protistan biomass is approximately 50% that of mesozooplankton. Specific objectives of this project are (1) to determine the factors limiting primary and bacterial production across a gradient from open-lake to embayments, (2) to characterize the trophic structure and C and P flows (including trophic transfers and regeneration associated with grazing) at three sites along this gradient, and (3) to determine the dependence of DOC and P regeneration on food web structure. These measurements will provide further evidence to test the contrasting generalities that (1) nutrient supply regulates NCP, the extent of allochthonous C incorporation into food webs, and trophic structure and efficiency, or (2) that these factors are regulated by trophic structure.

This project has broader impacts in all NSF component criteria areas. Inclusion of graduate and undergraduate students in research, sending students to professional meetings, and generation of material for undergraduate classes will promote teaching, training and learning. This project includes one woman as Co-PI and broadens the participation of underrepresented groups. Collaboration between disciplines within one university and between universities (MTU, Univ. Akron, Florida International Univ.) is promoted and thereby infrastructure for research is enhanced. Information will be transmitted to the public via presentations onboard the National Park Service (NPS) Ranger III that transports visitors to Isle Royale National Park. Information from this project will be readily usable by State, Federal, and International groups involved in management of fish resources, water quality, and invasive species in the Great Lakes. In particular, the project will clarify how alterations in watersheds of the Great Lakes that impact nutrient and carbon delivery will impact food webs and ultimately fish production in the lakes.


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0321906EAR - BE: COUPLED BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYC

NSF 02-167 01/28/03

650177616


0096354000


Collaborative Research: Coupling of carbon and phosphorus biogeochemical cycles with food web structure along gradients of nutrient supply, water depth and mixing intensity

23,612 36 09/01/03


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3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


01/28/2003 2 06030000 EAR 1692 09/11/2006 2:43pm S

Project Summary Although coupling of biogeochemical cycles has been recognized for some time,

details continue to emerge. Progress from the fixed stoichiometry postulated by Redfield, to the variable cell quotas of Droop, to the recognition of the links between growth rates and biochemical composition required about 70 years of research. With improved analytical capabilities has come the ability to resolve the coupling between trace and major elements. However, even among the major elements (C,N,P), important details about couplings (e.g., ratios of nutrient regeneration by different organisms) continue to be discovered. This project seeks to advance our quantitative understanding of the coupling of the cycles of carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) with food web structure in an oligotrophic aquatic environment.

This project seeks to determine the balance of autotrophic and heterotrophic production in Lake Superior and to clarify the factors that regulate the balance over a variety of spatial and temporal scales. A central hypothesis is that food web structure strongly influences the carbon balance. Specifically, as the supply of inorganic nutrients and light decreases, the importance of phagotrophic protists and the microbial food web (MFW), and the relative magnitude of heterotrophic production increase. We will examine this hypothesis by examining the carbon balance, lower food web structure and activity across a trophic gradient within L. Superior as well as over the seasonal alteration of light and nutrient limitation.

One of the mechanisms whereby food web structure influences the carbon balance is by regulating the regeneration of inorganic nutrients and labile DOC. This project will utilize nutrient-deletion/dilution–gradient methods to compare pathways of labile DOC generation as well as P recycling. Measured kinetics of growth, respiration, grazing, and nutrient recycling will be used to parameterize a quantitative lower food web model that will be able to predict all of the important feedforward and feedback processes that characterize trophic interactions. Monthly surveys of population sizes will provide a data set with which the model may be calibrated, and contrasting sites along a trophic gradient will provide observational evidence in support of our hypotheses as well as the opportunity to test hypothesized mechanisms with the quantitative model. The model enables both synthesis of field and laboratory measurements, and quantification of competing (or additive) processes.

This project has broader impacts in all NSF component criteria areas. Inclusion of graduate and undergraduate students in research, sending these students to professional meetings, and generation of material to be used in undergraduate classes will promote teaching, training and learning. This project includes two women as Co-PIs and broadens the participation of underrepresented groups. Collaboration between disciplines within one university and between universities (MTU, Univ. Akron, Florida International Univ.) is promoted and thereby infrastructure for research is enhanced. Information will be transmitted to the public via presentations onboard the National Park Service (NPS) Ranger III that transports visitors to Isle Royale National Park. Information from this project will be readily usable by State, Federal, and International groups involved in management of fish resources, water quality, and invasive species in the Great Lakes. In particular, the project will clarify how alterations in watersheds of the Great Lakes that impact nutrient and carbon delivery will impact food webs and ultimately fish production in the lakes.


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PD 98-1650 02/15/03

650177616


0096354000


Collaborative Research: Microbial food web/nitrogen dynamics coupling in seasonally hypoxic environments

156,938 36 01/01/04


305-919-5896

3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


02/13/2003 1 06040000 OCE 1650 09/11/2006 2:42pm S

PROJECT SUMMARY

Rationale and hypotheses: Aquatic microbial communities encompass a wide array of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms, which together comprise the microbial food web (MWF). Despite the widely recognized importance of MFW, the coupling of its structure to biogeochemical functions remains poorly understood. In marine and freshwater environments, hypoxic/anoxic boundaries are associated with diverse and active microbial populations. This project will compare MFW-biogeochemical nitrogen (N) interactions in two shallow, eutrophic ecosystems during stratification when biogeochemical gradients have developed and bottom waters become hypoxic. The Mississippi River plume (MRP) is a N-limited subtropical marine ecosystem, and Lake Erie is a phosphorus (P)-limited, temperate freshwater lake. Despite these biogeochemical differences, we anticipate that MFW structure and activity will be similar during seasonal stratification and hypoxia.

We hypothesize that during summer, as the water column stabilizes and allochthonous nutrient input diminishes, the pelagic food web in both systems will shift toward microbial dominance. At this time, protists will control primary and bacterial production and regenerate reduced N. The efficiency of N remineralization will increase in the hypoxic zone, where heterotrophic bacterivory will be a key MFW process. In addition to heterotrophic processes, autolithotrophic nitrification will be an important O2 sink. As stratification progresses, the nepheloid layer will become anoxic, and the zone of maximum O2-consuming microbial activity will migrate upward and propagate seasonal hypoxia.

MFW structure, abundance, and trophodynamics at different depths will be examined during five cruises to the Gulf of Mexico and Lake Erie and compared to N dynamics and O2 status to evaluate the validity of this scenario and determine the potential effects of microbial N transformations on hypoxia development. The proposed research will combine conventional biogeochemical and microbiological methods with state-of-the-art stable-isotope and flow-cytometry tools. It will improve our ability to predict complex and dynamic coupled nutrient-MFW processes responsible for the persistence of seasonal hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico and Lake Erie. The results and conclusions may be applicable to other coastal ecosystems during hypoxia if MFW structure and activity patterns are similar for these contrasting systems.

Broader impacts: On a broad scale, the study will provide new insights about the relationship between structure and function in microbial communities. All PIs work in a research rich environment where significant importance is placed on one-to-one interactions with undergraduate and graduate students or post-doctoral fellows. Undergraduate and graduate students will be involved in the research project. At least six relevant courses, taught by Lavrentyev and Jochem, will draw information from the project. Some of these courses target high school teachers and non-science majors. The University of Akron is an urban minority-serving institution with a strong history of recruiting students from under-represented groups in science. Lavrentyev is a senior investigator on a NSF-sponsored K-12 education/biodiversity program that focuses on promoting research collaboration between graduate students and high school teachers. Florida International University is a public, urban minority Research I University serving a strong Hispanic, Afro-American, and Caribbean student community. Public education and outreach are important components of The University of Texas Marine Science Institute (UTMSI). Microscopic images of microbial plankton from the Northern Gulf of Mexico will be incorporated into a display and accompanied by information on their quantitative significance and functions in the ecosystem. One or more of the principal investigators or support staff on the project will participate in UTMSI Open Houses, which are held every two years.


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PD 98-1650 08/15/02

650177616


0096354000


Control of Phytoplankton Production in Biscayne Bay, Florida: Nitrogen versus Phosphorus Limitation and the Role of Dissolved Organic Nutrients

170,626 24 03/01/03


305-919-5896

3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


08/14/2002 1 06040000 OCE 1650 09/11/2006 2:44pm S

A. Title of Investigation: Tilapia growout and the dynamics of total and pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila) in the Philippines [Disease, Predation Prevention, and Food Safety; Fish Nutrition and Feed Technology. Experiment]

B. P.I. Affiliations:

US: Dr. Frank J. Jochem, Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151 St, North Miami, FL 33181, USA

Host Country PI: Dr. Arsenia G. Cagauan, Associate Professor, Central Luzon State University, Philippines

C. Objectives

The overall goal is to develop an understanding of the relationship of feeding paradigms to harmful and beneficial bacteria, and to use this information to make recommendations for the development of best management practices for farmers in the Philippines and the Southeast Asia region. Specific objectives include:

1. To characterize the dynamics (development of abundance) of total bacteria, beneficial

bacteria (nitrifying bacteria), and potentially pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas hydrophila) in experimental tilapia ponds and to feed quality (C:N ratio) and quantity (feeding schedules, feed amount);

2. To evaluate the relative ratio of total bacteria and pathogenic bacteria (A. hydrophila) in response to prestocking ratios & under different feed schedules, toward predicting and enhancing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria;

3. to catalog the chemicals and drugs used by farmers in the Philippines in the control, management, or prevention of infectious diseases, and survey attitudes about these control measures

4. To develop molecular probes (oligonucleotide probes) for rapid, direct, and precise estimates of beneficial (nitrifying) and pathogenic (A. hydrophila) bacteria.

5. To conduct a seminar / workshop to disseminate technical information on the dynamics of infectious disease, prevention and treatment of bacterial pathogens, and the use and misuse of available chemical therapeutic agents.

D. Significance

A key determinant of the stability and sustainability of any cultured food supply is our comprehension of the factors that foster disease in the crop. Although remarkably robust, tilapia are not immune to this problem, nor to bacterial diseases, particularly when cultivated intensively. Recent Philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources statistics (BFAR 2002) indicate that bacterial diseases are on the increase in Central Luzon; of 137 reported disease outbreaks within the past three years, more than half were ascribed to pathogenic bacteria. The economic impact has been serious; it is therefore not surprising that several of the most highly-ranked PDA/CRSP Asia Regional Expert Panel constraints and research priorities relate directly or indirectly to disease (#1 food security, #2, intensification and disease, etc).

OFFICE OF THE PROVOST 2003 Internal Research Award Competition

Full Grant Proposal


Dr. Frank J. Jochem Florida International University, Marine Biology Program

Biscayne Bay Campus, AC-1 379; (305) 919 5882; [email protected]

Dr. Kalai Mathee Florida International University, Department of Biological Sciences

University Park, HLS; (305) 348 1261; [email protected] A. Abstract Bacteria play a key role in marine plankton metabolism and biogeochemical cycles. A contemporary challenge in microbial ecology is to understand the functional role of phylogenetically defined bacterial populations. Cytometric analysis of marine bacterioplankton revealed recurrently two or more sub-populations with different apparent DNA content. Derived from incubation experiments, it was hypothesized that high-DNA bacteria represent the metabolically active fraction whereas low-DNA bacteria are dead or inactive. Recent molecular tools showed, however, that DNA sub-popul-ations of bacterioplankton may represent phylogenetic sub-groups. The active/inactive hypothesis of DNA clusters may be biased by misconceptions and was not confirmed by several studies. A direct phylogenetic analysis of bacteria sub-populations with different DNA content has, however, not been performed yet. This project will determine the phyolgenetic composition of DNA clusters after cytometric cell sorting and amplicon length heterogeneity analysis. For the first time, phylo-genetic information within bacteria sub-populations with different DNA content will be directly assessed, representing an unbiased clarification on the significance of DNA clusters. This project will also assess if previous interpretations of DNA clusters were biased by selectively favoring the growth of certain bacteria groups in bottle experiments. This project shall conclude research on bacteria DNA content in pelagic systems commenced in 2000. Results of this project shall lead to 2 publications and one NSF proposal to be submitted in summer 2003.

College of Arts and Sciences Summer Research Grant 2003

APPLICATION


Dr. Frank J. Jochem

Assistant Professor

Florida International University, Marine Biology Program 3000 NE 151st Street; North Miami, FL 33181

Cytometric analysis of marine bacterioplankton revealed recurrently sub-populations with different DNA content. It was hypothesized that high-DNA bacteria are metabolically active whereas low-DNA bacteria are dead or inactive. Molecular tools showed, however, that DNA sub-populations may represent phylogenetic groups. The active/inactive hypothesis of DNA clusters may be biased by misconceptions and was not confirmed by several studies. For the first time, phylogenetic information within bacteria DNA sub-populations will be assessed directly by cytometric cell sorting and amplicon length heterogeneity analysis. This project will also assess if previous interpretations of DNA clusters were biased by selectively favoring the growth of certain bacteria groups in bottle experiments.


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0215978

NOAA-COP

OCE - BIOLOGICAL OCEANOGRAPHY

PD 98-1650 02/15/02

650177616


0096354000


Microbial Ammonium Cycling and Grazing in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay, South Florida

125,320 24 07/01/02


305-919-5896

3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


01/24/2002 1 06040000 OCE 1650 09/11/2006 2:44pm S

NSF – Biological Oceanography - Project Summary

Microbial Ammonium Cycling and Grazing in Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay, South Florida

Dr. Frank J. Jochem, Florida International University, Marine Biology Program

Florida Bay is a shallow inner-shelf lagoon at the southern end of the Florida peninsula. Low tidal water exchange with the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean and a net-work of mud banks create a partial isolation of water masses in sub-regions. Phos-phorus limitation of phytoplankton growth is most common, although not to the com-plete exclusion of nitrogen limitation. Phytoplankton blooms, particularly in the northern-central region with dominance of the coccoid cyanobacterium Synechococcus, indicate the presence of sufficient nutrients. The origin of these nutrients remains controversial, though, and mechanisms of internal nutrient cycling are poorly docu-mented. Restoration efforts in the Everglades, which will increase the freshwater discharge into Florida Bay, are likely to increase nutrient loads, especially of dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen. The effects on the pelagic microbial food web and the biogeochemical nutrient cycling are still unclear. Biscayne Bay is a shallow subtropical estuary along the southeastern coast of Florida, surrounded by heavily urbanized areas of Monroe, Dade, and Broward Counties. Particularly the northern Bay has been depleted of fringing mangroves and exhibits higher turbidity and a 5-10fold higher phytoplankton biomass as compared to the southern Bay. The last comprehensive plankton studies in Biscayne Bay date back to the late 1980’s, and the effect of intensive urbanization on this coastal ecosystem has not been documented yet. Whereas bio-assays revealed phosphorus limitation throughout Biscayne Bay in 1987 preliminary data from 2001 point towards phosphorus/nitrogen co-limitation in the northern Bay. The objectives of this project are to quantify the internal ammonium cycling in Florida and Biscayne Bays by the microbial food web, the relative role of heterotrophic bacteria and protozoa, respectively, in ammonium regeneration, the dependence of ammonium regeneration on protozoan grazing activity, and the possible effects of increased fresh-water runoff from the Everglades on ammonium cycling and microbial activities. Five stations in Florida Bay, representing different hydro- and biogeographic sub-regions, and five stations in Biscayne Bay will be sampled at monthly intervals to determine ammonium uptake and regeneration rates and the protozoan grazing pressure on phytoplankton and bacteria. Phytoplankton, bacteria, and protozoan abundance and community structure, hydrography and nutrient concentrations will be measured as background data. Microcosm experiments with amendment of natural Everglades runoff water will assess the changes in microbial food web composition, activity, and ammonium cycling upon increased freshwater inflow into Florida and Biscayne Bays.

Total Requested Budget: $125,320 Budget Period: July 2002 – June 2004


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NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (GPG II.C.9)








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NSF Form 1207 (10/00) Page 1 of 2

0136077OPP - ARCTIC NATURAL SCIENCES, (continued)

NSF 00-96 08/08/01

650177616


0096354000


Collaborative Research: Dynamics of the Pelagic Microbial Food Web upon Ice Melt in the Coastal High Arctic

109,896 24 01/01/02


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3000 NE 151 St AC-1



071298814


08/07/2001 5 01020000 5280 09/11/2006 2:45pm S

1

Proposal Cover Sheet

NASA Research Announcement 00-OES-05 Proposal No.___________________ Title: Remote Sensing of Phytoplankton Population Composition in Coastal

Marine Waters using AVIRIS Spectral and Image Data Principal Investigator: Dr. Laurie L. Richardson

Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University

11200 SW 8th St. Miami, Florida 33199 USA

phone: 305/348-1988 fax: 305/348-1986 [email protected]

Congressional District: 114 Co-Investigators: Dr. Fred Kruse Dr. Paul Zimba Analytical Imaging and Geophysics LLC USDA-ARS 4450 Arapahoe Ave., Suite 100 PO Box 38 Boulder, Colorado 80303 137 Experiment Station Road [email protected] Stoneville, Mississiipi 38776 303/499-9471 [email protected] 662/686-3588

Dr. Frank Jochem Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University

Miami, Florida 33199 [email protected] 305/919-5651 Budget: 1st Year: $78,669 2nd Year: $75,445 3rd Year: $75,443 Total: $229,557

11.e. MAJOR WORK IN PROGRESS 11.e.(1) Manuscripts Submitted to Journals for Consideration {FJJ’s role in each publication is indicated for publications produced during FIU employment}

1. Jochem, F.J., M.T. Rogers & J.N. Boyer (subm.) Bacterial abundance, growth rates, and grazing losses in Florida Bay. Journal of Plankton Research. 38 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Submitted 09/15/2006. {100% work effort by one of my graduate students; manuscript written 100% by FJJ}

2. McCarthy, M.J., W.S. Gardner, P.J. Lavrentyev, K.M. Moats, F.J. Jochem & D.M. Klarer (subm.) Effects of hydrological flow regime on sediment-water interface and water column nitrogen dynamics in a Great Lakes coastal wetland (Old Woman Creek, Lake Erie). Journal of Great Lakes Research. 38 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Submitted 08/28/2006. {20% of field work, sample/data analysis; 5% of writing effort}

11.e.(2) Papers in Preparation for Submission to Journals for Consideration *) marks corresponding author on publications of graduate students {FJJ’s role in each publication is indicated for publications produced during FIU employment}

1. Williams, C.J., J.N. Boyer & F.J. Jochem*) (in prep.) Indirect hurricane effects on resource availability and microbial communities in a subtropical wetland to estuary transition zone. To be submitted to Estuaries by October 2006. {100% work effort of one of my graduate students}

2. Jochem, F.J. & M. Alves-Brinn (in prep.) Growth phase and cell cycle-dependent polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. To be submitted to Limnology and Oceanography (this manuscript is held back upon request by Dr. K. Rein, FIU Chemistry, to provide opportunity for Dr. Rein to submit her manuscript on related studies first). {100% work effort by my lab technician under my supervision and guidance, 100% of writing effort}

11.e.(3) Competitive Research Proposals in Preparation

1. Removal and Inactivation of Plankton in Ballast Waster by Dissolved Air Flotation. Co-PI with B Tansel, FIU Civil & Environmental Engineering, J Proni, NOAA Ocean Acoustics Lab. NOAA Ballast Water Technology Program. 24 months, $200,000. Pre-proposal submitted for peer review on September 10, 2006.

2. Polyketide synthase gene expression for assessing controls of toxin production and in-situ detection of harmful algae. Single-PI proposal. NOAA Coastal Ocean Program MERHAB. Submission October 2, 2006. Projected application budget $146,000.

3. Effects of early sea ice melt on microbial food webs in the Barents Sea, Arctic Ocean. Lead PI with P.J. Lavrentyev, University of Akron. NSF Polar Program. Submission November 15, 2006. Projected application budget ca. $500,000.

11.e.(4) Current Research Projects High-resolution mapping of the effects of hypoxia on the distribution of living resources on the Louisiana shelf – This NOAA-funded project commenced in August 2006 and assesses the effect of hypoxia on the distribution and activities of living resources in the oxygen minimum zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico, from bacteria to fish, in collaboration with S.B. Brandt, S.A. Ludsin (NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory), M.R. Roman (University of Maryland), and P.J. Lavrentyev (University of Akron). Responsibilities of my lab include the assessment of the distribution and composition of bacteria and phytoplankton by flow cytometry, including a new imaging-in-flow FlowCam system, and genetic profiling. In addition to one cruise completed in August 2006, two additional cruises are planned for 2007 and 2008 each.

Salinity, nutrients, and food webs in Florida Bay – This NOAA-funded project assesses the effects of salinity changes on microbial food web composition, trophodynamic relationships within the microbial food web, and biogeochemical nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in view of potential changes in Everglades-derived freshwater flow into Florida Bay upon implementation of the Florida Everglades Restoration Program. The project was initiated in 2004 in collaboration with W.S. Gardner (University of Texas at Austin), J.B. Cotner (University of Minnessota), and P.J. Lavrentyev (University of Akron) and will continue through March 2007. The responsibility of my lab is to assess population abundance, composition, growth rates, and grazing losses of bacteria and phytoplankton and how these variables are affected by salinity changes and hydro-chemical conditions.

Effects of dissolved organic carbon import and origin on bacterial community composition and activities – This Ph.D. student project, funded by above-mentioned NOAA grant, assesses the role of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON), and phosphorus (DOP) concentrations and origin (Everglades runoff-, phytoplankton-, or seagrass-derived) for bacterial community composition and activities throughout Florida Bay. Based on a monthly survey in 2004/2005, the effects of Everglades-derived vs. phytoplankton-derived organic matter on bacterial and phyto-plankton community activities and standing stocks is evaluated, revealing distinct patterns related to imports from the Everglades upon hurricane-induced freshwater runoff. Current studies assess the relative role of pelagic (water-column), benthic (sediment), and seagrass-attached bacteria in the processing of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients. My own work complements this thesis work by assessing spatiotemporal patterns in bacterial community composition by genetic fingerprinting methods.

Microbial communities in the Old Woman Creek and coastal Lake Erie – This NSF Microbial Observatory, in collaboration with P.J. Lavrentyev and R. Duff (University of Akron), assesses spatiotemporal patterns in microbial (bacteria, phytoplankton, protist) communities in the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Reserve, a tributary wetland of Lake Erie and how such patterns affect biogeochemical nitrogen cycles (in collaboration with W.S. Gardner, University of Texas at Austin; outside of the Microbial Observatory funding). Responsibilities of my lab include assessing standing stocks, growth rates, and grazing losses of bacteria and phytoplankton by flow cytometry. In addition, such spatiotemporal patterns are currently compared to changes in bacterial community composition by genetic fingerprinting from DNA archives collected from 2003 through 2005.

Effects of hypoxia on microbial communities in Lake Erie – This project, funded by sub-contracts from P.J. Lavrentyev (University of Akron) and C. Gobler (SUNY Southampton) within the

NOAA IFYLE (International Field Year in Lake Erie) program, assesses how hypoxia affects the distribution, composition, and microbial trophic interactions of bacteria and phytoplankton com-munities in Lake Erie. Based on my previous experiences in anoxic layers of the Baltic Sea, a technique to sample hypoxic water/communities without oxygen contamination was devised and applied during four cruises in Lake Erie in 2005, which allowed for estimating in-situ growth and grazing rates of microbial communities. The DNA archive collected during these cruises is currently used to establish spatiotemporal patterns of microbial community composition in relation to hypoxia.

Polyketide synthase gene expression in the Florida Red Tide dinoflagellate K. brevis – This project commenced in 2004 by funds from the NIH/NIEHS/ARCH program that expired in July 2006. A quantitative real-time PCR protocol to assess polyketide synthase (PKS) gene expres-sion was developed, and PKS gene expression, putatively a proxy for brevetoxin production by the algae, assessed in dependence of growth rate, growth phase, and diel cell cycle. Experiments to assess PKS gene expression in relation to nutrient concentrations, N:P ratios, and form of nitrogen are continued to collect pilot data to secure additional extramural funding. Upon such additional funding, this line of work will be expanded to other polyketide toxin producing algae such as Karlodinium micrum, which causes harmful algal blooms along the US NE coat, and Chattonella marina, which causes fish kills in Mexico and Norway, and initial PCR tests are currently initiated.

Development of an in-situ PCNA immunolabeling technique to assess growth rates in phyto-plankton – This NSF-funded project, in collaboration with S. Lin (University of Connecticut), aims at developing an antibody-based immunolabeling technique for incubation-free estimates of phytoplankton growth rates. Antibodies against PCNA (Proliferating Nuclear Antigen), a protein only expressed during active DNA replication prior to cell division (so-called S-phase of the cell cycle), will be developed by Dr. Lin. My responsibilities include providing cell cycle measure-ments by analytic flow cytometry from culture growth experiments to calibrate immunolabeling results and to develop the transfer of the immunolabeling approach from fluorescence micro-scopy to flow cytometry of rapid sample processing.

Linking gene expression to biogeochemical processes: relation of amoA gene expression and ammonium oxidation rates in nitrifying bacteria – This pilot project aims at developing a real-time PCR protocol to assess ammonium oxidase gene expression in nitrifying bacteria. Many biogeochemical rates of the aquatic nitrogen cycle are difficult to measure and require expensive and complex instrumentation such as mass spectrometry. Therefore, this project seeks to link ammonium oxidase (amoA) gene expression to ammonium oxidation rates measured in culture experiments with nitrifying bacteria isolated from Biscayne Bay sediments. By providing a close correlation between amoA gene expression and ammonium oxidation rates, quantitative real-time PCR has the potential to offer a quick, precise, and high throughput alternative to assess an important aquatic nitrogen conversion rate. Protocol development and pilot data from culture experiments shall be used to secure additional extramural funds for field application/testing.

Genetic population structure and reproductive isolation in copepod populations in the Gulf of Mexico and the Florida Atlantic coast – This Ph.D. thesis project aims at revealing the existence and degree of genetic population structure among copepod populations from locations around the Gulf of Mexico (Yucatan, Texas, Louisiana, Florida North and West Coast, Strait of Florida, Florida East Coast), indicating the existence and degree of reproductive isolation among such populations, which would provide insight into evolutionary processes among these crustaceans.

Genetic markers optimized for copepod genes have been developed and tested, and field sampling has been initiated in South Florida and Louisiana in summer 2006. Field sampling will continue and be expanded in 2007.

Genetic population structure in deep-sea sharks – This project arose from a student training cruise aboard the research vessel Suncoaster (course Oceanography at Sea II) in spring 2005 in collaboration with M. Heithaus (FIU Marine Biology). Populations of Gulper Sharks and Cuban Dogfish were collected by long-lining off the Florida West coast shelf, and molecular techniques applied in my lab were used to assess genetic population structure in these populations. Genetic markers to assess population structure are currently developed and tested. This ongoing work will be continued in 2007 by an additional Suncoaster cruise secured for May 2007 for deep-sea long-lining off the western Bahamas within the framework of another Oceanography at Sea II course in the summer A term 2007.

12. SERVICE STATEMENT SERVICE TO THE MARINE BIOLOGY PROGRAM I was hired at FIU to assist in building a new Marine Biology Program on the Biscayne Bay satellite campus in North Miami. The program was established officially in 2002 and currently enrolls >110 undergraduate majors and 11 graduate students with 3 faculty members on campus. Over the last five years, I was involved substantially in curriculum development for undergrad-uate and graduate majors in Marine Biology, including the development of several new courses for the program. I also took the responsibility for building and maintaining the Marine Biology boat fleet and serve as Acting Boat Captain, overseeing boat use, maintenance, repairs, the organization and execution of several boat and vehicle purchases, and budget planning and administration for the boat and vehicle fleet. The boat and vehicle fleet comprises currently 4 boats and 1 truck. I also served on several building planning and oversight committees for the new Marine Biology building; planning commenced in 2002 and the building is about to be completed this summer. In 2006, I took the responsibility for budget planning, organization, and oversight of purchases of teaching and research equipment for the new Marine Biology building. While not assigned an official title, I think my work was essential for the development and day to day operation of the new Marine Biology Program, which for 3 years was staffed with only two faculty members (three faculty members since 2004) and one teaching lab coordinator. My role in administering the day to day operations of the program even increased upon the temporary absence of the Program Director in 2005, and in fall 2005, I served temporarily as the Acting Program Director. I think my service performance in the Marine Biology Program was sub-stantial and beyond the usual responsibilities of an assistant professor and have taken their toll on my publication productivity, but I gladly took these responsibilities as I recognized they had to be done for the benefit of the program. Providing my helpful and efficient service has always presented satisfaction to me as it ensured the program’s operation, development and growth. SERVICE TO THE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES In addition to the administrative support provided to the development and operation of the Marine Biology Program, I served on several departmental committees: During my tenure at FIU, I served on 5 faculty search committees and continuously served on the Boating committee. I served on the Undergraduate Committee and on the departmental Marine Biology Building Committee for 2 years each. I continuously served as student advisor for majors in Marine Biology and in Biology; particularly after the major Biology advisor was relocated from the Biscayne Bay satellite campus, a major load of Biology majors’ advising was shouldered. I also served the department as a student presentation judge on the 8th FIU Biology Symposium held in January 2006. SERVICE TO THE FIU COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES I repeatedly participated in the College transfer student advising, held twice a year at Biscayne Bay campus. I provided a lecture in the Biscayne Bay Faculty Seminar series and represented the Marine Biology Program during a College of Arts & Sciences Advisory Board meeting on the development and potentials of marine sciences at Biscayne Bay campus.

SERVICE TO THE UNIVERSITY I served for two years as a Senator in the FIU Faculty Senate, which met every three weeks to discuss university governance issues. During this time, I also served on the Faculty Senate Biscayne Bay Development and Future Committee. For the last two years, I served on the university’s Facility Management Marine Biology Occupants Planning Committee and the Internal Advisory Board of the joined FIU/University of Miami NIH/NIEHS ARCH program. PROFESSIONAL SERVICE DURING TENURE AT FIU Continued from my pre-FIU tenure, my expertise is repeatedly sought by international journals and funding agencies for peer-review of submitted manuscripts and research proposals. During my tenure at FIU, I have reviewed a total of 39 manuscripts and 25 research proposals, outlined in detail below. I also was asked to provide a full-text review of a marine biology textbook and a chapter for a scientific book. Since 2003, I am member of the Permanent Review Staff of Marine Ecology Progress Series. I have been chair and organizer for two special topic sessions during the international Aquatic Science Meetings held by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (1999, 2005). In spring 2006, I was invited by NOAA as a panel member for the NOAA/EPA Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Re-Assessment Conference. Subsequently, I was asked by the EPA Program Director for my willingness to serve on the EPA Hypoxia Science Advisory Board (appointment pending, selected for shortlist). FUTURE SERVICE DIRECTIONS In the future, I would like to continue my service and leadership role in the further development and administration of the Marine Biology Program in its day to day operation, and in potentially more formal ways if called upon. It is my hope and goal that my administrative support will help building the Marine Biology Program at FIU into a well recognized, high quality teaching and research program. I also intend to render my service to the department in committees wherever my help and expertise is of use. Particularly, I would be interested in developing an NSF REU program in marine and ecological sciences in collaboration between the Marine Biology Program on the Biscayne Bay satellite campus and the Department of Biological Sciences on the main campus. I will also continue to render my expertise for peer-review of manuscripts and proposals and, if appointed, serve on the EPA Science Advisory Board.

12.a. PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 12.a.(1) Service to Professional Associations/Societies 12.a.(1).i. OFFICES HELD IN PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

2005 Chair/Organizer special session “From gene expression to ecological processes”, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Aquatic Science Meeting 2005. Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

1999 Chair special session “Probing the physiological state in-situ at the individual cell level”, American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Aquatic Sciences Meeting 1999. Santa Fé, NM, USA.

1992 – 1995 Chairman, Working Group Phytoplankton, Baltic Marine Biologists.

1989 Co-organizer of the first international statutory meeting of JGOFS - North Atlantic Bloom Experiment. Institute for Marine Sciences at Kiel University, Germany.

1988 – 1989 Representative of the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology, Federal Republic of Germany, working group Biological Oceanography of the bloom of the toxic phytoflagellate Chrysochromulina polylepis in the Baltic Sea 1988.

1981 – 1989 President, Microscopic Society of Northrhine-Wesfalia, Essen, Germany.

12.a.(1).ii. OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES

2002 – present Permanent member, invited, of the Permanent Review Staff, Marine Ecology Progress Series

1994 – present Ad hoc mail reviewer for NSF (various programs), NOAA, EcoHAB, SeaGrant, US Civilian Research and Development Foundation, Dutch Research Council, British National Environmental Research Council

1990 – present Ad hoc mail reviewer for Aquatic Microbial Ecology, Botanica Marina, Cytometry, Deep-Sea Research, Estuaries, Estuarine, Coastal & Shelf Sciences, Journal of Phycology, Journal of Plankton Research, Limnology & Oceanography, Limnology & Oceanography Methods, Marine and Freshwater Research, Marine Biology, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Polar Biology

12.a.(1).iii. PEER-REVIEW FOR SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS Period (Divided by Annual Self-Evaluation Periods from Springto Spring terms) 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2005- 2006- Journal 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Sum Aquatic Microbial Ecology 1 2 1 4 Botanica Marina 1 1 2 Cytometry 1 1 1 3 Deep-Sea Research 1 1 Estuaries 1 1 Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Science 2 2 Journal of Phycology 1 1 2 Journal of Plankton Research 1 1 Limnology & Oceanography 2 3 1 1 7 Limnol & Oceang: Methods 1 1 Marine Biology 1 1 Marine Ecology Prog Series 2 4 3 3 1 13 Marine Freshwater Research 1 1 2 Polar Biology 1 1 2 TOTAL REVIEWS 3 7 8 5 4 10 5 42 12.a.(1).iv. REVIEW FOR FUNDING AGENCIES Period (Divided by Annual Self-Evaluation Periods from Springto Spring terms) 2000- 2001- 2002- 2003- 2004- 2005- 2006- Journal 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Sum NSF 1 2 3 2 3 3 12 NOAA 1 2 1 3 7 EPA 1 1 Ohio Sea Grant 1 1 US Civilian Research and Development Foundation 1 1 Dutch Science Foundation 2 2 United Kingdom National Environmental Research Council 1 1 TOTAL REVIEWS 4 4 5 5 1 5 3 27 12.a.(1).v. BOOK REVIEW FOR PUBLISHERS

2005 Full-text review of book chapter for D.V. Subba Rao (editor), “Algal Cultures, Analogues of Blooms and Applications”; ISBN 1578083931, January 2006.

12.a.(2) Service to the Community or Public

2006 Invitation by EPA Program Director to serve on the EPA Science Advisory Board for Hypoxia; included in short-list, appointments pending

2006 NOAA/EPA Re-Assessment of the Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Conference, invited panel member

2002 – 2006 Providing hands-on training in research for Miami/Dade-County public high school students (details outlined in Section 10.g. Other Teaching-Related Activities)

1988 – 1989 Representative of the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology, Federal Republic of Germany, working group Biological Oceanography of the bloom of the toxic phytoflagellate Chrysochromulina polylepis in the Baltic Sea 1988.

12.a.(3) Professional Service that Results in Remuneration

2003 Full-text review of K.A. Sverdrup, A.C. Duxbury, A.B. Duxbury, “An Introduction to the World’s Oceans”, 7th edition; McGraw-Hill Publishers.

12.b. University Service 12.b.(1) Service to the Department of Biological Sciences

2006 Student Presentation Judge, 8th FIU Biology Symposium, January 2006

2005 – 2006 Budget planning, oversight, administration, and organization of teaching and research equipment for the Marine Biology building, FIU F&E funds

2005 Acting Program Director (temporary), Marine Biology Program, FIU-BBC, appointed by the Program Director, Prof. Dr. C. Brown, during his absence in fall 2005

2004 – 2005 Maintenance of day-to-day business for the Marine Biology Program during the absence of the Program Director (Nov. 2004 – Feb. 2005)

2003 – 2006 Member of the departmental Marine Biology Building Committee

2002 – present Acting Boat Captain, Marine Biology Program, FIU-BBC; oversight and active performance of boat and vehicle purchases, scheduling, operations, safety, maintenance and repairs

2002 – present Member on 5 Faculty Search Committees in the department

2002 – present Routine student advising for majors in Biology and Marine Biology at the BBC campus

2001 – present Curriculum development for a new Marine Biology Bachelor’s degree and administrative assistance in the development of a new Marine Biology Program, Florida International University

12.b.(2) Service to the College of Arts & Sciences

2003 – 2006 Special transfer student advising sessions for majors in Biology organized by the Associated Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at FIU-BBC

2005 Participation, College of Arts & Sciences Advisory Board meeting, pres-entation of the Marine Biology Program and its perspectives

12.b.(3) Service to the University

2005 – 2006 Member of the Facility Management Marine Biology Building Occupants Planning Committee

2004 – 2006 Member of the Internal Advisory Committee of the joint University of Miami and FIU NIH/NIEHS-ARCH Program

2003 – present Member, Graduate Faculty of FIU

2003 Member in the FIU Faculty Senate Program Review Committee for the Department of Engineering, Electrical & Computer Engineering/ Mechanical and Materials Engineering

2003 Member in the FIU Faculty Senate Biscayne Bay Committee

2002 – 2003 Senator, Faculty Senate, FIU

2001 Student Orientation, Honors College, presentation of the Marine Biology Program

12.b.(4) Service in Teaching

2002 - 2006 Supervision and training of 17 undergraduate and high school student interns in research and summer projects of 3-6 months duration in my lab (details outlined in Section 10.g. Other Teaching-Related Activities)

13. AWARDS AND HONORS 1993 – 1996 Habilitation Fellowship, German Research Council

14. SUPPORTIVE INFORMATION Supportive information for publications is included at the end of Section 11.a. Supportive information for funded and non-funded competitive research proposals is included at the end of Section 11.c. Supportive information for awards and honors is included at the end of section 13. Supportive Information Included Supportive information for different sections is separated by colored sheets.

1. Supportive information for Section 11.e.(1) Major Work in Progress, Manuscripts Submitted for Consideration

2. Supportive information for Section 11.e.(3) Major Work in Progress, Future Grant Proposals {Submitted pre-proposal by Tansel, Jochem, Proni}

3. Supportive information for Section 12.a.(1).iii. Professional Service, Peer-Review for Scientific Journals {Invitations/requests for manuscript review were not retained in full for all such invitations/requests received; the majority of such requests was discarded and destroyed, honoring the request for confidentiality attached to such requests. Supportive information is provided as much as was retained and is available for the period of FIU employment only}

4. Supportive information for Section 12.a.(1).iv. Professional Service, Review for Funding Agencies {Invitations/requests for proposal review were not retained in full for all such invitations/requests received; the majority of such requests was discarded and destroyed, honoring the request for confidentiality attached to such requests. Supportive information is provided as much as was retained and is available for the period of FIU employment only}

5. Supportive information for Section 12.a.(2) Service to the Community or Public {Supportive information is provided for the status of appointment of the U.S. EPA Science Advisory Board for Hypoxia}


for

11.e.(1). Major Works in Progress Manuscripts Submitted to Journals

Submitted to Journal of Plankton Research

Bacterial Abundance, Growth Rates, and Grazing Losses in Florida Bay

Frank J. Jochem*1, Matthew T. Rogers1,2, Joseph N. Boyer2

1 Marine Biology Program, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151st Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA 2 Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Bacterial abundance, growth rates, and grazing losses were assessed in monthly intervals from January to December 2004 at four sites in distinct sub-regions of Florida Bay previously identified by their hydrological, chemical, and biological characteristics: eastern bay (Duck Key), central bay (Porpoise Lake), north-central bay (Whiprey Basin), western bay (Sprigger Bank). Bacterial growth and grazing loss rates were established by serial dilution experiments, and bacteria counted by flow cytometry. Bacterial abundances of 0.33 – 1.37 × 106 cells mL-1 were highest in the north-central bay, lowest in the eastern bay, and peaked in early summer. Bacteria with low apparent DNA content averaged 40% of total bacteria and lacked clear temporal patterns. While significantly higher shares of low DNA bacteria in the generally low-productivity, severely phosphorus-limited eastern bay concurred with the hypothesis that low DNA bacteria are inactive, positive net growth rates not significantly different from those of high DNA bacteria at all stations demonstrated that low DNA bacteria were, in fact, not inactive cells. Bacterial gross growth rates of 0.26 – 1.67 day-1 peaked during spring/early summer at the central bay stations; they also increased in fall in the central and western bay and lacked temporal patterns in the eastern bay. The lack of significant differences in growth rates among stations suggests that bacterial populations grew with comparable efficiencies throughout the bay. Grazing loss rates of 0.03 – 1.82 day-1 followed growth rates tightly and also lacked significant spatial differences. Persistently positive bacterial net growth rates at all stations indicate that pelagic nano- and microzooplankton grazing was insufficient to top-down control bacterial populations. Since bacterial populations did not, however, climb continuously, consumers outside the pelagic microbial food web, such as benthic filter feeders and/or epibiotic protists on seagrass leaves, might exert significant grazing pressure on pelagic bacteria in the shallow (<3 m) bay. While persistently low inorganic phosphorus concentrations seem to set the major bottom-up control on bacterial stocks, the availability of organic carbon substrates appears to be a co-limiting factor affecting spatiotemporal patterns in bacterial stocks in sub-regions of Florida Bay.

Submitted to Journal of Great Lakes Research

Effects of hydrological flow regime on sediment-water interface and water column nitrogen dynamics in a Great Lakes coastal wetland (Old Woman Creek, Lake Erie)

Mark J. McCarthy* ([email protected]; phone: 361-749-6826; fax: 361-749-6777) Wayne S. Gardner ([email protected]; phone: 361-749-6823; fax: 361-749-6777)

The University of Texas at Austin, Marine Science Institute 750 Channel View Drive, Port Aransas, TX, USA 78373

Peter J. Lavrentyev ([email protected]; phone: 330-972-7922; fax: 330-972-8445) Kenneth M. Moats ([email protected]; phone: 330-972-7922; fax: 330-972-8445) The University of Akron, Department of Biology Akron, OH, USA 44325 Frank J. Jochem ([email protected]; phone: 305-919-5882; fax: 305-919-5896) Florida International University, Marine Biology Program 3000 NE 151 Street AC-1-379 North Miami, FL, USA 33181 David M. Klarer ([email protected]; phone: 419-433-4601; fax: 419-433-2851)

Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve 2514 Cleveland Road, East Huron, OH, USA 44839

*corresponding author Running Title: N dynamics in Old Woman Creek Abstract Sediment-water interface nitrogen (N) transformations and water column ammonium cycling rates were measured along a stream to lake gradient at three sites within Old Woman Creek (OWC) and one near-shore Lake Erie site during two hydrological regimes: one with open flow to the lake after a rain event (July 2003), and another with a sand barrier blocking flow (July 2004). Net N2 effluxes in OWC at all times and at the near-shore Lake Erie site in July 2003 suggest that sediments are a net N sink. Observed dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) may counteract some of this N removal, particularly when the creek mouth is closed. Upstream, a closed creek mouth led to higher sediment oxygen demand, net N2 flux, potential DNRA, and potential denitrification rates. The lake site exhibited lower rates of these processes with the creek mouth closed except for denitrification potential, which was unchanged. Denitrification in OWC appeared to drive N limitation in the lower wetland when the sand barrier was blocking flow to the lake. Higher potential versus in situ denitrification estimates imply that water column NO3

- limits and drives denitrification in OWC. Water column to sediment regeneration ratios suggest that sediment recycling may drive primary production in the OWC interior when the creek mouth is closed and new N inputs from runoff are absent, but more data are needed to confirm these apparent trends. Overall, hydrological regime in OWC appeared to have a greater impact on sediment N processes than water column cycling. Keywords: Old Woman Creek, Lake Erie, sediments, denitrification, DNRA, regeneration


for

11.e.(3). Major Works in Progress Competitive Research Proposalsin Preparation

Removal and Inactivation of Plankton in Ballast Waster by Dissolved Air Flotation

Funding Opportunity Number: OAR-SG-2007-2000771

Dr. Patricia Alvarez _________________________ Office of Sponsored Research

Florida International University Miami, Florida, 33199

Principal Investigators:

Berrin Tansel,Ph.D., P.E. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department

Florida International University e-mail: [email protected]

Phone: 305 348 2928 Fax: 305 348 2802

Frank Jochem, Ph.D. Marine Biology Program

Florida International University e-mail: [email protected]

Phone: 305 919 5882 Fax: 305 919 5896

Collaborator:

John Proni, Ph.D. NOAA

Ocean Acoustics Laboratory e-mail: [email protected]

Phone: Fax:

September 10, 2006

Florida International University is a Minority Serving Institution.


for

12.a.(1).iii. Professional Service Peer Review for Scientific Journals

From: Angela Fromm [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, August 30, 2006 8:15 AM To: [email protected] Subject: ms review - AME AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY Dear Dr. Jochem, The following manuscript has been submitted for publication in Aquatic Microbial Ecology Morán XAG, Bode A, Suárez A, Nogueira E 'Assessing the relevance of nucleic acid content as an indicator of marine bacterial activity' We would very much appreciate if you could find the time to review the manuscript. If not, we will appreciate your recommending an alternate reviewer (please provide their email address). With best regards, Angela Fromm Editorial Assistant for Josep M. Gasol

From: Bodil Bluhm [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Tuesday, August 08, 2006 12:55 PM To: [email protected] Cc: Rolf Gradinger Subject: Polar Biology review: Dark survival of Scrippsiella hangoei using a resting cell Dear Dr. Jochem, lieber Frank, We would be grateful if you would be willing to review the following manuscript submitted for publication in the journal “Polar Biology”: Dark survival of Scrippsiella hangoei (Dinophyceae) using a resting cell. By Rintala, Spilling and Blomster. Please let us know if you are in the position to review this paper within 4 weeks after receipt. If you are available, I will send the manuscript electronically. Should you not be able to review this paper, we would welcome your suggestion of additional reviewers. Thank you in advance for your help. Hoffentlich hast Du einen guten (nicht zu heissen) Sommer. Liebe Gruesse aus dem Blaubeerland, Bodil Bodil Bluhm, PhD Editorial Assistant

From: "Botanica Marina" <[email protected]> To: <[email protected]> Sent: Wednesday, February 08, 2006 1:40 PM Subject: Botanica Marina: thank you for reviewing submission BOTMAR-2006-9 Ref.: Ms. No. BOTMAR-2006-9 Title: Very Low Primary Production from Moderately Diverse Microphytoplankton Assemblages in the Equatorial Indian Ocean Journal: Botanica Marina Dear Frank, Thank you very much for reviewing this manuscript. You can access your and the other reviewer's comments (when available) by logging onto the Editorial Manager site at: http://botmar.edmgr.com/ username: FJochem-759 password: jochem735245 We look forward to working with you again in the future. Kind regards, Dr Gunda Stoeber Managing Editor Botanica Marina Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG Genthiner Strasse 13 10785 Berlin Germany Phone: +49 (30) 26 005 279 Fax: +49 (30) 26 005 298 E-mail: [email protected] www.degruyter.de/journals/bm

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Tuesday, March 21, 2006 12:10 AM To: [email protected] Subject: Possible re-review MF05142 Dear Frank Some time ago you were kind enough to review a paper entitled 'Competition strategies of Microcystis aeruginosa against Scenedesmus obliquus in mixed culture under dark anaerobic environment assessed by flow cytometry.' (MF05142), which I sent back to the authors requesting "major revision". I have received a revised MS and I now ask if you can have another look? It looks improved, especially the English, and I am now wondering if the problems you had understanding the description and analysis presented in the Methods, Results, Discussion etc. was now sufficiently improved such that the paper could be described as good or excellent, and that the paper is an original and significant contribution. You were the only referee of version 1. As it was evident changes needed to be made, I sent your review on. In addition to asking you, I am also trying to locate one or two other reviewers for this version, such that the authors get a full review. I have taken the liberty of attaching the relevant documents. Your report is here in full, but was not sent to the author in tis format (all identities etc are stripped out). I understand if you are unable to help at this time, but I appreciate any help that you can provide. I don't ask for an exhaustive cross-check, but I am very interested in whether they have attended to your major concerns (the analysis and some of the conclusions thereby drawn). Please feel free just to email me back - this is easier than using OSPREY at this stage. Regards Dr Dugald McGlashan Managing Editor Marine and Freshwater Research CSIRO Publishing PO Box 1139 Collingwood Victoria 3066 Australia Tel: +61 (0)3 9662 7618 Fax: +61 (0)3 9662 7611 Email: [email protected]

ESTUARINE COASTAL

AND

SHELF SCIENCE

Editor: S. D. Sulkin Shannon Point Marine Center Western Washington University 1900 Shannon Point Road Anacortes, WA 98221, U.S.A. Tel: +1 360 293 2188 Fax: +1 360 293 1083 E-mail: [email protected]

Dr. Frank J. Jochem Florida International University Marine Biology Program 3000 NE 15 1 Street North Miami, FL 3 3 18 1

November 10,2004

Dear Dr. Jochem:

Thank you for your thorough review of the manuscript entitled "Settlement of marine periphytic algae in a tropical estuary" (Ref. No. S/N-074-1). It is a big help in my efforts to process manuscripts as expeditiously as possible.

Sincerely,

Stephen D. Sulkin, Ph.D. Editor Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

PUBLISHERS: ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM

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Journal of Plankton Research

www.plankt.oupjournals.org

Founder Dr D. H. Cushing

Editorial Office: Dr Ian Jenkinson A. C. R. O., Lavergne F-19320 La Roche Canillac, FRANCE Tel.: +33 (0) 5 55 29 19 48 Fax: +33 (0) 5 55 29 19 82 [email protected]

Oxford University Press Great Clarendon Street Oxford, OX2 6DP tel: +44 (1865) 556767 fax: +44 (1865) 267773

US Office 200 Evans Road Cary, NC 27513, USA tel: +1 (800) 852 7323 fax: +1 (919) 677 1303

To whom it may concern

January 8, 2004

This letter is to confirm that Dr. Frank J. Jochem acted repeatedly as expert reviewer for the

JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH over the past three years. Reviewing is the most

important factor that determines what is published in international scientific journals. Frank

Jochem's contributions on various papers of aquatic ecology are sincerely appreciated by the

editorial team of the JOURNAL OF PLANKTON RESEARCH.

Sincerely,

Dr. Thomas Weisse, Professor Associate Editor of the Journal of Plankton Research and Executive Director of the Institute for Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences Mondseestr. 9 A-5310 Mondsee Austria Phone: +43-6232-3125-12 - e-mail: [email protected] - www.oeaw.ac.at/limno

AQUATIC MICROBIAL ECOLOGY

Fisher~es Peches and Oceans et Oceans

Biological Oceanography Section Bedford Institute of Oceanography P 0. Box 1006 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia Canada B2Y 4A2

Subject Editor: ;%L,( ,F . .%r:i;3k ~ . ~ ! : . ~ ~ r , ; , , i s : ! i ? . : ; J i : s- , ,I! :,:,,

. ? i , I $ , , l Z . , ;, ',,;$j *,,; V" ' . . ,

Telephone. 902-426-6349 Fax 902-426-9388 E-mail. Libamar dfo-mpo gc ca

Dr Frank J Jvchem Florida Inlernational Univet sit\ Marine Biology Program 3000 NE 151 St AC-1 North Miami. FL 33 18 1 USA

Dear Dr. J oc hem:

Tllarlk you for your review of the manuscript submitted by E. Fouilland, C. Descolas-Gros. C. Coulties. Y. Collos. A. Vaquer and A. Gasc entitled "Autotrophic activity of 0.~trecxocc11.s /mr i a picoeukaryote Prasinophyceae abundant in the coastal Thau lagoon (northern Mediterranean Sea)".

I realize that your schedule is full and very much appreciate the time that you have taken to provide me with a constructive review. Your assessment of this work is an importarlt factor contributing to the editorial decision on this manuscript.

Sincerelv vnlrrs,

1

William l,i Editor

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THE ROSENSTEL SCHOOL

11 July 2001

Dr. Frank Jochem Florida International University Marine Biology Program 3000 NE 151 St., AC-1 #381 North Miami, FL 33181

Dear Frank:

Enclosed is a manuscript by Brown, Landry, Christensen, Garrison, Gowing, Bidigare and Campbell entitled, "Taxa-specific microbial community dynamics and production in the Arabian Sea during the 1995 monsoon seasons", which has been submitted to the fifth special issue of Deep-Sea Research 11 concerned with the Arabian Sea. I appreciate your willingness to review it in these times of excess work commitment. Please return the review at your earliest convenience.

With best wishes,

Sharon L. Smith, Guest Editor Deep-Sea Research 11 'The Arabian Sea Expedition

Rosensdel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science Division of Marine Biology and Fisheries

4600 Rickenbacker Causeway , * , Miami, FL 33149 Voice 305-361-4819

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MARINE ECOLOGY PKOGFXESS SERIES

Ecoioqy In \ t~ t t~ te Nardbunte 2 3 2 1 385 Olderldorf/l.uhc, Germany re1 + 49 41 32 11 27 kdx L 49 41 32 888 3

et: www.rnt-rtbs conk

Dr. Frank Jochem Florida International University Marine Biology Program 3000 NE 15 1 St AC-1 North Miami, FL 33 18 1 USA

Dear Dr. Jochem,

You have been recommended to me as a reviewer for the manuscript (ms)

H Liu, K Suzuki, C Minami, T Saino, M Watanabe

'Picoplankton community structure in the subarctic Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea during summer 1999'

As Editor of Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS) I would be very grateful if you could spare the time to critically review this work.

As emphasized in MEPS (192% 305 and MEPS Discussion Forum 2; www.int-res.com) reviewers are the backbone of quality control. We are trying hard to find - and to cooperate with - the best reviewers available.

Your critical evaluation of the scientific merits of the above ms would be a service to science, important to the authors, and helpful in maintaining the journal's high standard. For your convenience, a confidential evaluation form is enclosed.

Reviewers must disclose potential interest conflicts.

Should it not be possible for you to complete the review within 3 to 4 weeks, please consider selecting a highly qualified colleague or a young scientist willing and able to review the ms under your general guidance. Otherwise please return the ms right away.

Thank you very much for your assistance!

Yours sincerely,

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12.a.(1).iv. Professional Service Review Activities for Funding Agencies

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Friday, August 18, 2006 10:40 AM To: [email protected] Subject: Requesting Review of NSF Proposal for Ecosystem Studies Program

National Science Foundation Ecosystem Studies Program 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22230 Dear Dr. Jochem: The quality of the research supported by the National Science Foundation is highly dependent on the critical judgments and recommendations of expert reviewers throughout the scientific community. We in the Ecosystem Studies Program are seeking your assistance to provide a review of a proposal (as listed below) currently being considered for funding - are you able to do so at this time? PI: Curtis J Richardson Proposal Title: Assessing Microbial Community Controls over Organic Phosphorus Speciation, Transformations and Polyphosphate Accumulation Across a Range of Wetland Biogeochemical Conditions Proposal Number: 0640504 Institution: Duke University Reviewer PIN: 717845 When to Submit your Review We would appreciate the review returned to us by September 18, 2006 . If a brief delay is necessary, we prefer a somewhat late review (with notice) rather than no review at all. If you are able to review the proposal there is no need to reply to this email - simply follow the instructions below. If you are unable to review the proposal or think you may have a conflict of interest with this proposal, please reply to this email as soon as possible to let us know. Suggestions for additional or alternate reviewers are always welcome. The Ecosystem Studies Program is especially interested in your evaluation of the scientific quality and importance of the proposed research, and assessment of the applicant's ability to make original and creative contributions to the scientific area of the proposed research (see the description of the Ecosystem Studies Program below). Even if your specialty is not the same as the applicant's, your review will be useful because general comments provide a valuable perspective, as do comments in your area of expertise for a multidisciplinary proposal. Attention should be given to the significance of research objectives, feasibility of experimental design, rigor of hypotheses, and adequacy of data analysis. Recent accomplishments of the applicant, familiarity with related work, training of students, and institutional facilities should be taken into account. Please comment on the quality of work in the Results from Prior NSF Support section of the proposal, if applicable. Although budgetary aspects should not influence your overall appraisal, budgetary comments are useful. Thank you for your help in making our proposal review process a judicious one. Mark R. Walbridge Martyn M. Caldwell Henry Gholz Jim Raich [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, August 16, 2006 1:12 PM To: [email protected] Subject: NSF Electronic Proposal Review Request - Proposal No. - 0636248

Proposal Number: 0636248 Institution: Temple University PI: Robert W Sanders PIN: 714183 Antarctic Biology Program NSF 06-549 Dear Dr. Jochem, The quality of the awards selected for support by the National Science Foundation depends greatly on the critical judgments of expert reviewers. I hope you will help us evaluate the proposal listed above by providing comments using the Merit Review criteria discussed below. Your comments will be most helpful if you can provide them by 10 September 2006. If a brief delay in responding is necessary, I would rather receive your review a little late than not at all. However, if you cannot review the proposal, think that you might have a conflict of interest, or if your review is likely to be delayed for an extensive period, please notify me. All proposals should be destroyed after your review is finished. The Foundation receives proposals in confidence and protects the confidentiality of their contents. For this reason, you must not copy, quote from, or otherwise use or disclose to anyone, including your graduate students or postdoctoral or research associates, any material from any proposal you are asked to review. Please respect the confidentiality of all Principal Investigators and their proposals. Unauthorized disclosure of confidential information could subject you to administrative sanctions. If you believe a colleague can make a substantial contribution to the review, please obtain permission from the NSF Program Officer before disclosing either the contents of the proposal or the name of any proposer or Principal Investigator. When you have completed your review, please be certain to destroy the paper copy of the proposal and/or delete any electronic correspondence or files related to the proposal. NSF keeps reviews and your identity as a reviewer of specific proposals confidential to the maximum extent possible, except that we send to Principal Investigators (PIs) reviews of their own proposals without your name and affiliation. If you have any relationships with the organization or the persons submitting this proposal, please consider whether they could be construed as creating a conflict-of-interest for you. Please describe in your own words any relationship that might be so construed, in separate correspondence that should be included when you submit your review. Regardless of any such relationships, we would like to have your review unless you believe that you cannot be objective. Please note that the Principal Investigator will receive an anonymous copy of your review. If you have any questions, please contact me. Thank you very much for your help. Your review is important to NSF's evaluation of the proposal, and as feedback to the investigator submitting the proposal. We very much appreciate the time and thought that go into preparing reviews. Sincerely, Roberta L. Marinelli ANTARCTIC BIOLOGY & MEDICINE [email protected] Phone: (703)292-8033

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Friday, March 31, 2006 12:09 PM To: [email protected] Subject: NSF Electronic Proposal Review Request - Proposal No. - 0623457

National Science Foundation Proposal Number: 0623457 Institution: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences PI: Joaquim Goes PIN: 710995 Proposal Title: Physiological Ecology and Oceanography of Winter-time Algal Blooms in the Coastal Arabian Sea

Dear Dr. Jochem, The quality of the projects supported by the National Science Foundation depends largely on the critical evaluation of reviewers. We hope you will help us evaluate the proposal listed above. We appreciate your time and effort in reviewing proposals for the Biological Oceanography Program, and we thank you. Careful consideration has been given in selecting you as a reviewer for this proposal. Many proposals cover a number of different research areas, so there may be aspects of a given proposal that fall outside of your immediate expertise. In these instances, please provide comments in detail for areas in which you feel comfortable doing so. You are, of course, welcome to provide any general remarks where you feel it is appropriate. It would be most helpful if we received your review by May 1, 2006. This timely response will allow panelists assigned to the proposal sufficient time to read the review prior to arriving for panel deliberations in mid-May. If your review is likely to be delayed, please notify us at [email protected]. We apologize that because of the volume of proposals we receive, and the short time in which we must process requests, we cannot query reviewers in advance regarding their availability to review. If you wish to decline to review the proposal or have a conflict of interest, we would appreciate it if you please log onto the FastLane website as directed below “to prepare and submit your review” and select the option indicating that you decline to review. The two merit review criteria used for evaluating proposals are: 1) What is the intellectual merit of the proposed activity? And 2) What are the broader impacts of the proposed activity? Please provide detailed comments on the quality of this proposal with respect to each of the two NSF merit review criteria, noting specifically the proposal's strengths and weaknesses. In addition, if applicable, we request your opinion of the results of the investigator’s prior NSF support. It is not necessary to summarize the proposal in your review. Please provide specific details to substantiate your chosen rating, especially in the case of ratings of Excellent or Poor.

Thank you very much for your help. Your review is important to NSF's evaluation of the proposal, and as feedback to the investigator submitting the proposal. We very much appreciate the time and thought that go into preparing reviews. If you have any questions, please contact us ([email protected]). Sincerely, Phillip R. Taylor David G. Garrison Paul F. Kemp Mary-Elena Carr J. Gayle Pugh

From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] Sent: Wednesday, April 03, 2002 3:09 PM To: [email protected] Cc: [email protected] Subject: NSF Electronic Proposal Review Request - Proposal No.0215817 Proposal Number: 0215817 PI: Michael R. Landry Institution: U of Hawaii Manoa Title: Acquisition of a High Performance Sorting Flow Cytometer for Oceanographic and Marine Ecological Research PIN: 712819 Dear Dr. Jochem: The quality of the awards selected for support by the National Science Foundation depends greatly on the critical judgments of expert reviewers. I hope you will help us evaluate the proposal listed above by providing comments about each project. The two Merit Review Criteria used are: 1) What is the intellectual merit of the proposed activity? And 2) What are the broader impacts of the proposed activity? Please provide detailed comments on the quality of this proposal with respect to each of the two NSF Merit Review Criteria, noting specifically that proposal's strengths and weaknesses. In some cases the proposal may cover a number of different research areas, so there may be aspects of a given proposal that fall outside your immediate expertise. In these instances please provide comments in detail for areas in which you feel comfortable doing so, although you are also welcome to provide any general remarks where you feel it is appropriate. Also note that some reviews require additional review instructions. If necessary, these are included in one or more attachments. Suggestions for additional reviewers are appreciated, and are especially important if you are unable to review the proposal. Note that if the applicant has recently had NSF support, we also request your comments on the results from that support. Your comments will be most helpful, especially if you are able to provide them within a month. If a brief delay in responding is necessary, I would rather receive your review a little late than not at all. However, if you cannot review the proposal, think that you might have a conflict of interest, or if your review is likely to be long delayed, please notify me. All proposals should be destroyed after your review is finished. As part of NSF's effort toward a paperless proposal and award system, we ask that all reviews be submitted via FastLane. Full information on the Merit Review Criteria, and guidance on avoiding conflicts of interest and on protecting confidentiality are also available on the FastLane web page at http://www.fastlane.nsf.gov/a5/A5Crit_Conflict_Conf.htm Please note that the Principal Investigator will receive an anonymous copy of your review. If you have questions, please contact me. Thank you very much for your help. Your review is important to NSF's evaluation of the proposal, and as feedback to the investigator submitting the proposal. We very much appreciate the time and thought that go into preparing reviews. Sincerely, Alexander Shor [email protected] Phone: (703) 292 8581

Subject: NSF Review Date: Wed, 27 Mar 2002 15:3 1:32 -0500 From: "Smith, Holly E." <[email protected]> To: "'[email protected]"' <[email protected]>

Dear Dr. Jochem: I am writing to you to find out if you would be willing to be a reviewer for the

proposal(s) listed below that are being handled by the Division of Ocean Sciences for the National Science Foundation's Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program. Please respond to this email if you are willing to provide reviews, and I will assign you formally into the NSF Reviewer System. If I have listed more than one proposal below, and you feel comfortable reviewing fewer than that, please let me know as well. If I have not had a response from you within a week, I will assume that you are unable to provide a review and will try to identify other potential reviewers. However, if you can reply either way as soon as possible, it would assist us in completing a timely review process.

The NSF FastLane system now allows for reviewers to view and download proposals on-

line and to submit reviews electronically. However, I can send the proposal to you via hardcopy or as an e-mail attached pdf file, and reviews can also be submitted by e-mail, whatever method is most convenient for you.

Please feel free to contact me or Holly Smith if you need any further information to make your decision.

Thank you in advance for your consideration, Alexander (Sandy) Shor

Proposal: M. Landry, R. Bidigare, D. Karl, J. Leong, G. Steward. University of Hawaii. "Acquisition of a High Performance Sorting Flow Cytometer for Oceanographic and Marine Ecological Research." OCE #02 158 17. Alexander Shor, Program Director Oceanographic Instrumentation and Technical Services Division of Ocean Sciences, NSF 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Room 725 Arlington, VA 22230 OCFS Section phone: (703) 292-858 1 Direct line: (703) 292-771 1 Fax: (703) 292-9085 email: [email protected] Holly Smith Integrative Programs Section Division of Ocean Sciences National Science Foundation www.ns f.gov/oce/ Tel. (703) 292-8583 or 292-7713 (direct line) Fax (703) 292-9085


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12.a.(2). Service to the Community or Public

From: [email protected] Sent: Wednesday, May 03, 2006 11:01 AM To: [email protected] Subject: SAB Hypoxia Advisory Panel formation --- next steps and request to finalize biosketch This e-mail is addressed to nominees for the Science Advisory Board (SAB) Hypoxia Advisory Panel. Nominations for this panel were submitted in response to a "widecast" solicitation published in the Federal Register on February 17, 2006. This Notice may be found at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-SAB/2006/February/Day-17/sab2323.htm. I want to thank each of you for your nomination and interest in serving on this panel. We are very pleased to have received so many nominations from such illustrious scientists and experts in all fields related to hypoxia and its causes. In this e-mail, I want to let you know about next steps in the panel formation process and I am requesting one final check of your biosketch (and possible addition --- see last paragraph.) As many of you may know, the Science Advisory Board and its panels operate under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), a law that governs federal advisory committees and emphasizes open meetings, public notification and public involvement. Consequently, we announce panel formation and meetings in the Federal Register, and provide opportunities for public comment on numerous advisory issues considered by the SAB and its panels. Our next step is to post a "Short List" of nominees on our SAB website for a 3 week public comment period. After receiving public comments, the Science Advisory Board Staff Office will choose a roster of panelists from the "Short List." In determining a final panel, the SABSO seeks to achieve a breadth and depth of scientific knowledge and a balance of scientific perspectives. Specific criteria to be used in evaluating potential members include: (a) scientific and/or technical expertise, knowledge, and experience (primary factors); (b) absence of financial conflicts of interest; (c) scientific credibility and impartiality; (d) availability and willingness to serve; and (e) ability to work constructively and effectively on committees. If you are receiving this e-mail, your name and biosketch will appear on the "Short List" for the Hypoxia Advisory Panel to be posted on our SAB website for public comment. Toward that end, please review the biosketch you have submitted (or was submitted on your behalf) for a final check before it is posted on the SAB website. If your biosketch did not include information on sources of funding in recent years, I'd like to ask that you send me a sentence or two that lists your sources (not amounts) of funding. (Unfortunately, our nomination form on the SAB website neglected to ask about sources of funding.) If I do not hear from you by May 10, I will assume your biosketch is complete and ready for posting. Thank you again for your interest in the SAB Hypoxia Advisory Panel. Holly Stallworth, Ph.D. Environmental Protection Agency Science Advisory Board Staff Office (1400F) 202-343-9867 Mailing Address: 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington D.C. 20460 Physical Address and Deliveries: Woodies Bldg., Room 3612 1025 F Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20004