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DPoE in MSO Network
SCTE Piedmont Chapter
Presented by Jorge Figueroa
Sr. Systems Engineer
• Introduction to DPoE• DPoE Defined Services• Future Enhancements
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• DOCSIS Provisioning of EPON (DPoE™) is a joint effort
of operators, vendors, and suppliers to support EPON
technology using existing DOCSIS-based back office
systems and processes.
What is DPoE
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FIBER NODE SERVICE AREA
S
P
L
I
T
C
O
M
B
I
N
E
VIDEO FEED
C
O
M
B
I
N
E
FORWARD PATH
OR DOWNSTREAM
REVERSE PATH
OR UPSTREAM
Modem
TV
VIDEO
COAXIAL CABLE
FORWARD
PATH
REVERSE
PATH
5MHz 42MHz 88MHz 860MHz
5MHz 65MHz 108MHz 862MHz
CMTS
NMS
DHCP
TFTPOSS
A Brief Review of the DOCSIS Architecture
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• CM scans for a downstream channel
• CM synchronizes to the downstream channel and locks on the time-base clock
• CM receives upstream parameters (UCD) from downstream messages
• CM receives upstream bandwidth allocation MAP
• CM performs upstream ranging
• CM establishes IP connection (DHCP)
• CM establishes Time of Day
• CM acquires configuration file (TFTP)
• CM registers with the CMTS
• CM is operational
• Optional Baseline Privacy Negotiation
Cable Modem Initialization Process
Summary
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• Both EPON and DOCSIS are Point-to-Multipoint access networks– They both allow two or more network elements to transmit on the same
media using TDMA
– EPON uses fiber exclusively
– DOCSIS uses coax
• However, neither 1G-EPON nor 10G-EPON as specified in IEEE Std 802.3 define any OAMP that allows forwarding of traffic between an ONU Interface (UNI) and the PON.
• One of the primary goals of the DPoE specifications is to provide an interoperable method of reaching the controller for the ONU, identifying the ONU capabilities, and providing that information to the OLT so that it can configure service on an ONU.
• The other is to adapt DOCSIS-based back office provisioning and operations models to EPON. This is the core objective of the DPoEspecifications.
A Comparison of EPON and DOCSIS
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DPoE Architecture
Splitter
HomeSplitter
PC
PHONE
Home
PC
PHONE
PHONE
SFU1
31
0n
m1
31
0n
m
ONU
1490 nm
Splitter
CATV
CATV
Home Gateway/IAD
WIFI/BLUE
TOOTH
FE
POTS
POTSONU
FE
POTS
POTS
POTS
ONU
Home
RF
E1/T1STM-1
EPON OLT (C300)
DOCSIS
Provisioning and
Management
DPoE
System
OLTD
L
D
M
LvCMs
1 Gig EPON Architecture
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Operations Support Systems Comparison
DOCSIS DPoE
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• The DOCSIS Mediation Layer (DML) is the entity or process on the DPoE system that translates all DOCSIS specific management tools into EPON, some of its tasks are:– Interprets the DOCSIS MIBs
– Creates virtual Cable Modems (vCMs) for every ONU and requests IP addresses and configuration files for them.
– Translates the parameters received in the configuration file for each vCM to EPON OAM messages for the ONU.
– Keeping ONU software load up to date using the DOCSIS secure software download mechanism with digitally signed software images
– Provides a CLI that “looks and feels” like a CMTS
The DOCSIS Mediation Layer
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• DPoE ONU ranges and registers with OLT first, as mandated in the 802.3ah and 802.3av specifications
• DPoE system creates vCM for each newly discovered ONU
• vCM obtains IP parameters from the DHCP server, including configuration file name and TFPT server address
• Time of Day does not need to get established since vCMs will synchronize to the DPoE system clock
• vCM obtains configuration file via TFTP
• ONU is then configured through OAM messages
• ONU is now successfully registered and vCM goes into “Operational” state
DPoE ONU Initialization Process
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• The table details which parameters are applicable for an Upstream Service Flow, according to its configured Upstream Scheduling Service Type
– Best Effort (BE) column applies to IP HSD services
– Real Time Polling (RTP) column covers the business MEF services
• Other scheduling types (i.e. UGS) although currently not required in DPoE are also permitted.
DPoE Service Flow Parameters
• Introduction to DPoE• DPoE Defined Services• Future Enhancements
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• Initial focus of DPoE is on business services.
• The majority of business services can be delivered using Ethernet.
• The foundation for all DPoE services is an Ethernet and 802.1 VLAN-based forwarding model as described by MEF
• Ethernet is the least common denominator of all modern telecommunications services.
• In the access network, Ethernet can be used to deliver:
– Native Ethernet services (as defined by the Metro Ethernet Forum or MEF), or
– IP services transported over Ethernet. IP can, in turn, be used to deliver private IP (IP-VPN) services or public IP (Internet) services.
DPoE Services and MEF
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• UNI: Interface between Public Service Provider Network and Customer Network
• E-NNI: Open Interface between Service Provider Networks [MEF-26]
• I-NNI: Open Interface between two network elements in the same Service Provider Network.
• EVC: The architecture construct that supports the association of UNI reference points for the purpose of delivering an Ethernet flow between subscriber sites across Carrier Ethernet Network.
– EVC carry traffic that belongs to MEF Carrier Ethernet Service instance
– Tagging/Encapsulation is used to isolate traffic that belong to different EVCs
• DPoE MEF Supports IEEE 802.1ad tagging and IEEE 802.1ah Encapsulation
MEF Reference Architecture
Ethernet Services Layer Terminology
Service Provider 1 Carrier Ethernet Network
CECE
UNIUNI
Subscriber
Site
ETHETH
UNI-C
ETHETH
UNI-N
ETHETH
UNI-N
ETHETH
E-NNI
ETHETH
UNI-C
UNIUNI
CECE
I-NNII-NNI E-NNIE-NNI
Service Provider 2
I-NNII-NNI
ETHETH
E-NNI
Subscriber
Site
Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC)
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• Also known as
– Provider Bridging (PB)
– Stacked VLANs
• 802.1ad allows multiple VLAN headers to be inserted into a single frame
• Inner tag is called C-Tag (Customer tag), Ethertype (TPID) 0x8100 (802.1Q)
• Outer tag is called S-Tag (Service tag), Ethertype (TPID) 0x88a8 (802.1ad)– Other non-standard TPID values can be found in older equipment
• VLAN ID is 12 bits long (0-4095), remaining 4 bits are for QoS
IEEE 802.1ad Tagging
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• Also known as:
– Provider Backbone Bridges (PBB)
– Mac-in-Mac
• Allows interconnection of multiple Provider Bridge Networks without losing each customer's individually defined VLANs
• PBB offers complete separation of customer and provider domains.
IEEE 802.1ah Encapsulation
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• B-Tag is the Backbone VLAN tag
• I-TAG contains:– Ethertype 0x88e7
– A 20 bit I-SID (Backbone Service Identifier)
– Other bits reserved, used for OAM,orQoS
• From a Provider Backbone Bridge perspective, everything after the I-TAG is just payload
PBB Frame Structure
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• MEF services
– PB
• Encapsulation mode
• Transport mode
• TPID translation (Optional)
– PBB
• Encapsulation mode
• Transport mode
• IP (HSD) service
Services Defined by DPoE v1.0
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• In this mode the ONU adds a Service Tag (S-Tag) to
any incoming traffic from the customer (tagged or
untagged):
PB on DPoE - Encapsulation
CPE D-ONU OLTMEF
Network
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
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• In this mode a DEMARC device before the ONU adds a Service
Tag (S-Tag) to any incoming traffic from the customer (tagged
or untagged).
• Alternatively, customer generates frames with two tags:
PB on DPoE - Transport
DEMARC D-ONU OLTMEF
Network
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
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• TPID Translation allows the OLT to modify the incoming TPID
provided by the DEMARC or ONU and change it to another
value (i.e. from 0x8100 to 0x88a8)
• Can be used in Transport or Encapsulation Mode
PB on DPoE – TPID Translation
DEMARC D-ONU OLTMEF
Network
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
(TPID 1)
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
(TPID 1)
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
(TPID 2)
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B-DA
B-SA
I-Tag
B-DA
B-SA
I-Tag
• In this mode the ONU adds the Bridge Source MAC,
Bridge Destination MAC, and I-TAG to the beginning
of the frame
PBB on DPoE - Encapsulation
CPE D-ONU OLTMEF
Network
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
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B-DA
B-SA
I-Tag
B-DA
B-SA
I-Tag
• The DEMARC device adds the Bridge Source MAC, Bridge
Destination MAC, and I-TAG to the beginning of the frame.
• The ONU and OLT simply pass this traffic transparently
PBB on DPoE - Transport
DEMARC D-ONU OLTMEF
Network
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
B-DA
B-SA
I-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag(O)
Payload
FCS
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• An EVC is created between the DEMARC device and the OLT. Tags are
removed by the OLT before entering the router in the DPoE System.
IP HSD Service Through a DEMARC device
DEMARC D-ONU
DPoE System
IP
NetworkOLT Router
EVC
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
Payload
FCS
C-DA
C-SA
Payload
FCS
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• The ONU encapsulates incoming untagged traffic using a dynamically assigned C-
Tag/S-Tag pair. OLT then removes tags before entering the router in the DPoE
System
IP HSD Service Through the ONU CMCI Interface
CPE D-ONU
DPoE System
IP
NetworkOLT Router
EVC
C-DA
C-SA
C-Tag
Payload
FCS
S-Tag
C-DA
C-SA
Payload
FCS
C-DA
C-SA
Payload
FCS
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• DEMARC devices are used to provision business services in existing
MSO networks, typically connected to dedicated CWDM link
• There is strong drive to retrofit such devices with DPoE uplink (SFP
ONU) for lower cost transport solution.
• The process of DEMARC service provisioning is currently fully manual
and requires a truck roll every time service changes are needed
(configuration is done manually on the DEMARC device at customer
site)
• There is a strong drive for service configuration automation to allow
operators to change provisioning on demand.
• The DEMARC Auto Configuration mechanism (DAC) process provides
means for the automatic discovery, configuration of an in-band IP
management service, and the discovery and transfer of a configuration
file specific to the particular DEMARC that is discovered and connected
DEMARC Auto Configuration
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1. DPoE ONU registers with DPoE System, EVC is established. This is the DEMARC
Management EVC.
2. D-ONU sends LLDP (802.1AB) messages to DEMARC on UNI port. Parameters sent include:
– Bridge Type (PB, PBB)
– S-Tags and C-Tags if any (PB)
– I-Tags and B-Tag if any (PBB)
3. EVC now extends to DEMARC
4. DEMARC performs DHCP and obtains IP parameters and config file location
5. DEMARC downloads configuration file and configures ports and services
DAC Overview
DEMARC D-ONU
DPoE System
IP
NetworkOLT Router
EVC
LLDP
• Introduction to DPoE• DPoE Defined Services• Future Enhancements
© ZTE Corporation. All rights reserved.
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Metro
/SONET
/PTN
/MPLS
OC-3/T1
BTS/NodeB
FTTO
T1
Splitter
FTTH
Business
(DPoE/1G-EPON/10G-EPON)
Mobile Backhaul
(DPoE/
1G-EPON/
10G-EPON)
Residential
(DPoE/EPoC)
GEGE/10GE
RNC
GGSN
SGSN
MGW
HLR
MSC Server
IPTV
Softswitch
Service Server
DOCSIS Back-office
TFTP
Splitter1G-EPON/
10G-EPON
ONU
1G-EPON/
10G-EPON
MDU
Splitter
Metro
/SONET
/PTN/MPLS
OLTFTTO
EVC
1G-EPON/10G-EPON
ONT
OLT
with embedded DML
Internet
1G/10G
DHCP
Phone
PCIPTV
1G/10G
1G/10G
TCP/IP
DOCSIS Provisioning
and Management Phone
CMCPCIPTV
CoaxCNUAMP
EPoC
� Back-office sees ONU as CM
� Back-office sees OLT as CMTS
CTBH
DPoE/EPoC Complete Solution
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PB/PBB/IP HSD Service Model
S-ONU
MU-SI
DEMARC
DPoE System
B-ONU
Router
OLT
PBB
D
MN
LCI
CMCI
S-ONU
LCI
CMCI
S-ONU
IP-SG2
S2’
SX
S1+C1
S2
S1+C2
S2
IP Data Service
IP Voice Service
S3+C1
S3+C2
I-SID1
MEF Ethernet Service(PB)
MEF Ethernet Service(PBB)
I-SID2
PB
IP-SG1
S1’
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DPoE 2.0 Service Model
S-ONU
MU-SI
DEMARC
DPoE System
B-ONU
Router
OLT
PBB
D
MN
LCI
CMCI
S-ONU
LCI
CMCI
S-ONU
IP-SG2
S2’
SX
S1+C1
S2
S1+C2
S2
IP Data Service
IP Voice Service
MEF Ethernet Service(PB+EoMPLS)
S3+C1
S3+C2
I-SID1
MEF Ethernet Service(PB)
MEF Ethernet Service(PBB+EoMPLS)MEF Ethernet Service(PBB)
I-SID2
VSIPB
IP-SG1
S1’
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FEATURES
MPLS PE/VPLS
IP-SG Auto-configuration
ASP & MESP
PacketCable Provisioning for Voice Services
Multicast
1588v2 – Precision Time Protocol for Ethernet Mobile Backhaul
IPv6
IPDR
Service OAM
Features for Future DPoE versions (Tentative)
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