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1020 9 JUNE 2017 • VOL 356 ISSUE 6342 sciencemag.org SCIENCE
REPAIR AND REGENERATION
By Beverly A. Purnell and Pamela J. Hines
DA_0609SpecialIntropage.indd 1020 6/7/17 10:51 AM
Published by AAAS
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9 JUNE 2017 • VOL 356 ISSUE 6342 1021SCIENCE sciencemag.org
Life brings minor ravages in the form of wrinkles and creaky knees,
as well as the major sequelae of disease or injury such as blind-
ness, wounds that will not heal, and hearts losing function. The
body does its best to deal with each challenge. But unlike the facile
reconstruction of missing axolotl and planarian parts, our innate
regenerative powers have limits. We are left with scars, diminished
mobility, and weakened function. This special issue highlights
areas of active research to understand mechanisms of repair and
regeneration, with an eye toward therapeutic applications.
Active stem cell populations make relatively swift work of refreshing
the gut. However, other tissues and organs, such as the mammalian
heart and central nervous system, are not so readily rebuilt. Methods
to reprogram stem cells are now plentiful, but we also need methods
to stimulate cellular regenerative capacity and enhance cell survival.
Modulation of the immune system can both help and hinder repair and
regeneration. When regeneration is limited, tissue transplantation and
bioengineered prosthetics of er alternative routes. Even single-celled
organisms such as Stentor, which can stop cytoplasmic oozing and then
reconstruct complex subcellular structures, carry lessons on repair.
Emerging concepts and methodological advances take us ever closer to
the goal of rebuilding or even enhancing the body.
Time series (upper left to lower right) of the
repair of a laser-induced wound in the
Drosophila wing epithelium (green webbing),
showing the recruitment of macrophages
(green with red nuclei) to the injured site.
REVIEWS
Self-repairing cells: How single cellsheal membrane ruptures and restorelost structures p. 1022
Inf ammation and metabolism intissue repair and regeneration p. 1026
Regenerating optic pathwaysfrom the eye to the brain p. 1031
Cardiac regeneration strategies:Staying young at heart p. 1035
RELATED ITEMS
c PERSPECTIVE P. 1014
c REPORTS PP. 1072 & 1076
c VIDEO
INSIDE
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Repair and RegenerationBeverly A. Purnell and Pamela J. Hines
DOI: 10.1126/science.356.6342.1020 (6342), 1020-1021.356Science
ARTICLE TOOLS http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6342/1020
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