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Blockchain and data privacy… your Global DPO
… your Global DPO
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… your Global DPO
Agenda
• DPOs & Blockchain
• What is blockchain? (high level view)
• Blockchain & the global legal landscape
• The regulatory future of blockchain
• What next
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… your Global DPO
What is a DPO?Officer or Office?
Sectors: TechnologyRetail HospitalityFinancial servicesHealthcareLegal
Background:BarristersSolicitorsRegulatory backgroundAnalystsCyber Security & Tech specialists
Dyann Heward-Mills
Rajni Maini
Michael Walkington Shazia Verret
Bernard Ofori Gillies Heward-Mills
Paul Bostock
Sylvia Johnson
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… your Global DPO
DPOs & Blockchain
• Intermediary with the supervisory authority
• Analysis of governance structures• Review and update policies• Implement privacy by default and design
• Identify, manage and contain datarelated risks• DPIA analysis, Data Subject rights (RTBF, SARs)• Breach notifications, data retention
• Ongoing review of new regulatory challenges
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… your Global DPO
What is blockchain?
• Method for sending / receiving encrypted information
• Fast, secure, and no central regulation is required
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… your Global DPO
Bitcoin explained in one minute
https://youtu.be/6VMpymXhjk8
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… your Global DPO
Fields of application
• Serious cryptocurrencies• Bitcoin, Litecoin
• Less serious cryptocurrencies• Garlicoin?
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… your Global DPO
Other applications
• Legal field• Smart contracts
• Financial markets• Payment services
• Encryption of sensitive information
• Healthcare• Logging long-term care
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… your Global DPO
The global legal landscape
• China• Banned initial coin offerings
• Cryptocurrency trading crackdown
• In 2017, Chinese bitcoin miners 50% of worldwide miners
• Blockchain standards top of the agenda
• Positive towards smart contracts and other utilities
• U.S.A.• Coca-Cola teams up with US State department
• Registry of workers worldwide through blockchain
• More liberal towards blockchain
• India• Fintech Valley Vizag
• Vehicle registrations, managing land records
• Favours discontinuation of bitcoin
• Pending court challenge cryptocurrency
• Problem: data transfer & localisation?
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… your Global DPO
The EU: Applying Data Protection law
• Does the GDPR apply to Blockchain technology?
• Is encrypted information still ‘personal data’?• Metadata, transactions data as personal data
• Platform providers• Private / public / pseudo• Digital wallets
• GDPR: not designed for purpose?• Not decentralised systems
Personal information
Platform provider
Personal information
Personal information
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… your Global DPO
Fundamental principles of the GDPR
Fundamental principles Blockchain
Processed lawfully, fairly and in transparent manner Not transparent – due to encryption
Collected for specified, explicit and legitimate purpose Arguably legitimate – for authentication purposes
Adequate, relevant and limited to what is necessary Not necessary - ledger exists forever
Accurate and where necessary, kept up to date May not be accurate – and no way to delete it
Identification for no longer than necessary Not necessary – ledger exists forever
Processed in a manner that ensures its security Secure – due to encryption
• Article 5 GDPR
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… your Global DPO
GDPR and Blockchain: anonimity?
• Identification of the people behind the transaction• Triangulation using the information on the ledger
• The ledger is public and always available
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… your Global DPO
GDPR and Blockchain: incompatible?
• The ledger and rights of individuals• Contains information that is accessible
to all, forever
• The right to be forgotten – article 17 GDPR
• Data retention – article 5(e): no longer than necessary?• But is retention for authentication
purposes ‘necessary’?
• Privacy by design – impossible?
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… your Global DPO
The GDPR: designed for cloud services
• Traditional – centralised system storing information
• Information can be deleted from the cloud
Personal information
Personal information
The transaction
The cloud
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… your Global DPO
GDPR and blockchain: No middle man
• Blockchain is decentralised
• Everybody has a ledger
The transaction
The cloud
BlockchainPersonal
information
Personal information
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… your Global DPO
Future views on blockchain
• Possible consequences – should we block blockchain?
• Views of the regulators• Ireland -- Discussion paper
• United Kingdom – ICO’s Grant Programme
• Who are liable? The processors and controllers.• Providers of p2p platforms, software for users, hardware providers
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… your Global DPO
DPOs and mitigation of risk
• Intermediary between the client and regulator• Voicing the corporate reality
• Analysis of governance structures• In what way has blockchain been implemented?• Potentially problematic?
• Blockchain related risks• Centralised blockchain platforms• Regulator stance on what is personal data
• Ongoing review of new regulatory challenges• Developing the approach towards blockchain
globally
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… your Global DPO
In conclusion
• The future is uncertain
• Blockchain is growing in importance
• Blockchain is not always anonymous
• Either exempt blockchain technology or data protection law needs to catch up
• Or can we perhaps reach a compromise?
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… your Global DPO
What next?
• Call to action – we are speaking to Supervisory Authorities on blockchain and emerging technologies. We welcome your input
• Do get in touch..
Dyann Heward-Mills
CEO
+44(0)2033671245
E-mail: [email protected]