Download - Your “Do Now”1/30
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Your “Do Now” 1/30
1. Complete the weekly Pre-Quiz (up front)2. Write our next 2 learning targets:
– I can describe and explain the differences between dominant and recessive traits
– I can explain Mendel’s laws of segregation and independent assortment
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Agenda 1/30
• Exploring different types of traits• Ch 11 Notes #3• Traits activity (online)
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Exploring different types of traits
• Work with a partner• We’ll discuss results in 7 minutes
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Exploration Discussion
• What was the baby left handed?
• When was the baby right handed?
• Can two right-handed people have a left-handed baby?
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CH 11 Notes #3 1/30Traits & Inheritance
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Starting on the back of Notes #3
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Dominant Trait• Description: An allele that hides another
allele for the trait– Example in Humans: Being right-handed– Symbol: Capitol letters (R, B, T)
Right-handed
Left-handed
Baby is Right-handed
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Recessive Trait• Description: An allele that gets hidden when
it’s paired with another allele for the trait– Examples in humans: being left-handed– Symbol: lowercase letters (r, b, t)
Right-handed
Left-handed
Baby is Right-handed
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Dominant or Recessive?
Blue-eyed allele + Brown-eyed allele = Brown-eyed person– Blue-eyed is ___________________– Brown-eyed is __________________
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Front Side of Notes #3
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Describing an organism• GENOTYPE: The letters coding for a trait (“Bb”)
The genes present in the DNA of an organism – Example: bb, Rr, Tt– Represented by 2 letters for a gene: “bb” for blue eyes
Blue eyesBlue eyes
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Describing an organism
• PHENOTYPE: The appearance of a trait– Example: Having blue eyes
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What’s the difference?
• An organism can have a gene for a trait without showing it!– Allele for left-handed doesn’t mean person will be
left-handed
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So what?• This means we can’t always tell genotype by
observing phenotype!– Example: A right-handed person can carry a gene
for being left-handed
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Describing genotypes
• If an organism has two of the same allele for a trait it’s called HOMOZYGOUS– Example: Right-handed allele + Right-handed allele
Right-handed
Right-handed
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2 types of Homozygous
• Homozygous dominant– Two dominant alleles. – Example: RR for right-handed
• Homozygous recessive– Two recessive alleles– Example: rr for left-handed
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Heterozygous
• Rr
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Describing genotypes• If an organism has two different alleles for a
trait it’s called HETEROZYGOUS– Example: Left-handed allele + Right-handed allele– Genotype: Rr
Right-handed
Left-handed
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What would it be? homozygous dom., homozygous
rec., or heterozygous?• Brown eye allele + Brown eye allele• Brown eye allele + Blue eye allele• Left-handed allele + Right-handed allele• Right-handed allele + Right-handed allele
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Gregor Mendel
• An Austrian monk known as the father of genetics.
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Gregor Mendel• Experimented with
pea plants– Easy to care for– Simple traits to
observe
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Mendel’s Laws1. LAW OF SEGREGATION: When gametes are
formed, the two alleles responsible for the trait are separated from each other.
Allele for Brown eyes
Allele for Brown eyes
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Allele for Brown eyes
Allele for Brown eyes
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Mendel’s Laws2. LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT: As
gametes form, alleles on different chromosomes sort independently from each other.
Brown eyes
Left-handed
Brown eyes
Left-handed
<-OR->
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Mendel’s Laws2. LAW OF INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT: As
gametes form, alleles on different chromosomes sort independently from each other.
Brown eyes
Left-handed
Brown eyes
Left-handed
<-OR->
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Practice Time!
• Work alone or with a partner• If it’s not done, it’s due tomorrow