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A Combined Mobility and QoS Framework for Delivering Ubiquitous Services
Dev Pragad Audsin, George Kamel, Paul Pangalos and Hamid Aghvami
Mobile VCE ResearchCentre for Telecommunications Research
King’s College London
PIMRC Workshop “Ubiquitous Services over heterogeneous mobile networks”
Cannes, France, 2008
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Outline of the Presentation
Mobility and QoS interactions
Concept of Enhanced Nodes: A framework for providing seamless access
Mobility and QoS Functions of Enhanced Nodes
An Example: QoS based Mobility Selection
Conclusions
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Mobility and QoS Interactions
Interactions between mobility management and QoS have been well-studied in the literature Negative interactions between QoS and mobility Usually in the form of a delay during handover Such interactions can cause disruption to on-going
data sessions
It has been recognised that in order to be able to support any form of real-time applications, negative interactions must be suppressed
We propose a framework based on Enhanced Nodes to minimise some of the negative interactions
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Need for Enhanced Nodes
Existing networks are often static
Existing networks often have no framework to provide cooperation between mechanisms such as mobility and QoS
Many of the mobility, QoS and security functionalities have (negative?) interactions with each other
Hence, a framework for network enhancement is required
This framework is provided by Enhanced Nodes
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Enhanced Nodes (EN)
ENs add more intelligence to the network and contain Mobility, QoS and Security functionalities
The Mobility functionality subsumes the role of Mobility Anchor Point in HMIPv6
QoS aspect of the EN subsume numerous functionalities including QoS re-establishment after handovers
The ENs have a common communication link established between them to share mobility and QoS information of the network and MNs
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Enhanced Node Framework
NEXT GENERATION INTERNET
Access Network B
EN EN
ENEN
EN
EN
Access Network A
Interworking of Mobilty, QoS and Security
BBBB GW GW
AAAAAA
Network layer
Link Layer
Mobility QoS Security
Intra-network signalling
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Intra-Network EN Functionalities
The presence of ENs facilitate communication and sharing of information within a network
This can lead to better load balancing, network routing / forwarding and QoS path reservation.
The ENs can facilitate handovers between Mobility Anchors (MA) and provide the new MA with information regarding the MN (MA is part of EN functionality).
The ENs can help optimise network performance by providing the network with intelligence required to adapt according to the network state (Example)
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QoS based Mobility Protocol Selection
We provide a solution to a mobility and QoS Routing negative interaction
In agent based micro-mobility protocols such as HMIPv6 and NetLMM, the Mobility Anchors acts as a point through which all traffic traverses
This can lead to congestion and overloading of Mobility Anchors while at the same time cause routing overheads and affect the best QoS path
Previous work shows that this leads to routing overheads and network congestion and reduction in network capacity
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Introduction to the Problem
Internet
Mobility Agent
Flow using Mobility Agent
There can exist under utilized paths with better QoS resources
The presence of Mobility Anchors can potentially prevent the best QoS path to be selected by the QOS routing
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Solution with ENs
The ENs can play a very vital role to enhance existing networks and provide solutions to problems such as this
In this problem we aim to have some interaction between mobility and the QoS routing to maximise network performance
We aim to achieve this through selecting the best mobility binding update (protocol) for the variety of classes the network supports
This solution will allow more number of high QoS applications to have efficient micro-mobility support
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Proposed Solution
Route low QoS traffic classes when possible around Mobility Anchors
Utilise the lesser congested paths that are under utilised due to routing constraints induced by Mobility Anchors
The lower QoS traffic classes can sustain higher handover delays when they do not use Mobility Anchors
The Enhanced Node can provide the framework to support this solution
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Traffic Class to Mobility Selection
UMTS Traffic Class Example Type Mobility
Protocol
Conversational Voice Real Time HMIPv6
Streaming Video/Audio Streaming Real Time HMIPv6
Interactive Web browsing Best Effort MIPv6
Background Emails Best Effort MIPv6
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Enhanced Node Signalling
Mobile Node Enhanced Node Gateway Bandwidth Broker
Signalling (Network State)
Registration Request (Binding Update)
Perform calculation on classes to use micro-
mobility and the potential paths these classes can
take to maximise utilisation the of network resources
BU ACK with classes to use micro-mobility
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Advantages of the proposed solution
The traffic load and distribution within the network can be balanced efficiently, this case is exemplified for a NEMO network
Micro-Mobility support is prioritised for applications with high QoS requirements such as VoIP and video conferencing
This can increase the number of active higher QoS sessions in the network since these sessions cannot run efficiently without micro-mobility support in a mobile environment
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Conclusion
Provided a framework for network enhancement through Enhanced Nodes
Covered the Mobility and QoS aspects of the Enhanced Nodes functionality
Investigated the negative interaction between Agent based micro-mobility solutions and QoS routing within a network
Proposed a EN assisted QoS traffic class to mobility selection mechanism to reduce the negative interaction between micro-mobility and QoS routing