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WCDMA Radio Network Optimization
ZTE University
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Content
Overview of WCDMA radio network
optimizationGeneral flow of WCDMA radio network
optimization
Engineering Optimization Method
Operation and maintenance Optimization
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Q
Coverage
Quality of
service
Operator
revenue
Operation
cost
Network
capacity
¥
A top-notch network is demanded by customers, started from planning,
improved during the process and gets its heyday via optimization
A topA top--notch network is demanded by customers, started from planning,notch network is demanded by customers, started from planning,
improved during the process and gets its heyday via optimizationimproved during the process and gets its heyday via optimization
Service Concept of Network Planning and
Optimization
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Cause of Network Optimization
Network optimization must be carried on when the
following events occur:
Network construction completed Network capacity expanded
Obvious quality reduction of network or increase of
user complaints caused by some poor KPI(s) which
cannot meet the requirements
Radio environment changed
Traffic distribution changed
Other instant events having great influence on quality
of network
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Target of Network Optimization
From the angle of network quality
Improve the quality of network service
Improve the utilization rate of equipments andresource
Expand network capacity
From the angle of operator Improve user satisfaction
Reduce cost
Create competition advantages
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Main Problems of WCDMA Network Optimization
Various problems may occur during network running.
The main problems are:
Call drop problem Access problem
Pilot pollution problem
Disturbance problem Coverage problem
Switch problem
Data service transmission problem Paging and Registering problem
Load and admission control problem
Quality of service problem
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After network planning and design, during network construction and launch, it
accesses to the network optimization stage
Depending on the time segment, work objectives and work content of its
implementation, optimization can be divided into Engineering Optimization andoperation/maintenance optimization
Process of Network Optimization
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Classification of Network Optimization
Engineering optimization
Engineering optimization refers to the network
optimization conducted after the completion of networkconstruction and before the number allocation. Its major
purpose is to enable the network to work normally and
ensure that the network can fulfill the planned coverage
and interference objectives.
The major work contents of Engineering Optimization
include:
Checking whether the cell configuration is consistent withthe planned objective of the network
Eliminating the hardware fault of the system
Making the coverage and interference reach a satisfactory
level
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Classification of Network Optimization
Operation and maintenance optimization
Operation and Maintenance (O&M) optimization
indicates to improve the network quality and
customer’s degree of satisfaction through optimization
during the operation of the network.
It includes three parts of contents:
Routine maintenance
Stage optimization
Network operation analysis
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Difference between Engineering optimization and
Operation/Maintenance optimization
Engineering optimization Operation and maintenance optimization
Stage Before commercial number
allocation
After commercail number allocation
Network load Almost idling User capacity increases
Target of
optimization
Let the network meet the
planned coverage and quality
requirements
To ensure the network to work normally and
improve the network KPIs. To find the
network potential problem. To finish
analyzing network changing in advance.
Key
optimization
Improve radio coverage Improve network KPIs
Optimization
method
Focus on DT and CQT of the
whole network
Focus on monitoring and analyzing KPI on
NM, and then pertinence DT and CQT.
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Optimize the Architecture of Project Organization
In order to accomplish the project in time, the project can be launched by taking optimization
team as the smallest implementation unit and deployed network planning and optimization
human resources according to network size and project schedule. At the same time, the
whole project can be controlled in aspects of management, technique and quality to
guarantee the efficiency and quality of network planning design and optimization.
Area optimization
manager 1
WCDMA network
optimization manager
…
Optimization
engineer
Drive testengineer
Tower worker
WCDMA RNPO
equipment engineer
R & D key
supportingteam
Network
optimization tool
supporting team
Optimization
engineer
Drive testengineer
Tower worker
Area optimization
manager n
Optimization
engineer
Drive testengineer
Tower worker
Optimization
engineer
Drive testengineer
Tower worker
WCDMA RNPO
expert team
Optimization team
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Optimization project human resources deployment
module-Engineering optimization period
Classification Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5
Base station size 200 500 800 1500 3000
Network planning andoptimization manager
1 1 1 1 1
Optimization engineer 2 5 7 13 25
Full
configuration
4 10 14 26 50
Simplify
configuration 2 5 7 13 25
Full
configuration 2 5 7 13 25
Simplifyconfiguration
1 2 3 5 9
Tower
worker
Drive testengineer
Full configuration: There are two drive engineer and one tower worker in one optimization
team
Simplify configuration: There are one drive engineer in one optimization team. And threeoptimization teams share one tower worker
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Optimization project human resources deployment
module-Operation and Maintenance optimization period
Classification Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Type 4 Type 5
Base station size 200 500 800 1500 3000
Network planning andoptimization manager 1 1 1 1 1
Optimization engineer 1 2 3 5 8Full
configuration 2 4 4 8 14
Simplify
configuration 1 2 2 4 7
Full
configuration 1 2 2 4 7
Simplifyconfiguration
1 1 1 3 5
Tower
worker
Drive test
engineer
Full configuration: There are two drive engineer and one tower worker in one
optimization team
Simplify configuration: There are one drive engineer in one optimization team andone tower worker in the area covered by one RNC
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Configuration of Tools
NameNumber for Each
Group
Useage Remarks
Handheld GPS 1 Record the address of the station location
Compass 1 Record the location of the antenna
Laser Rangefider 1 Record the height of the base station
Digital Camera1
Record the environment situation aroundthe base station
Drive Test Software (CNT) 1 Collect the drive test data
Drive Test Analyze
Software(CNA) 1
Analyze the drive test data
Scanner 1
Used with drive test tool for frequency
cleaning and pilot frequency scanning
One set for
multi groups
Network Optimization
Subsystem(CNO)1
Verify the radio parameters, optimize the
adjacent region and monitor/analyze the
performance
One set for one
city
Interference Analyzer 1
Analyze and locate the interference One set for
multi groups
Test Mobile Phone 2~4 Test CS service
Test Data Card 1 Test PS service
Car 1
Car for drive test Including thedriver
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Content
Overview of WCDMA radio network
optimizationGeneral flow of WCDMA radio network
optimization
Engineering Optimization Method
Operation and maintenance Optimization
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Network Optimization Flow
Artificial/planreport
Start
Preparation work
Spectrumscanning
Calibration test
Network data
collectionData analysis
Parameter check
Problem Locating
Making optimization
plan
Carrying out optimizationplan
Optimizationverification
Networkperformance
meets the
requirements?
Optimization project acceptance
Documentation archive
Optimizationproject plan
Networkevaluation report
Optimizingadjustment plan
Optimizingadjustment record
Network optimizationreport
End
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Network Optimization Flow
Radio network optimization flow includes the following steps:
Preparation work
Spectrum scanning (Optional)
Calibration test (Optional)
Network data collection
Data analysis
Parameter check (Optional) Problem locating
Making optimization plan
Carrying out optimization plan Optimization verification
Optimization project acceptance
Documentation archive
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Network Optimization Flow - Preparation Work
Analyzing the Requirements
Understand the coverage and capacity requirements.
Confirm the setting of the optimization testparameters.
Confirm the work division interface with the customer.
Confirm the acceptance standard of each item.
Drawing the work plan
Collecting and investigating materials
Obtain all the reports at the network planning stage. Obtain the site information, antenna feeder
information and the setting of the system parameters
in the current network.
Make clear the problems in the current network.
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Network Optimization Flow - Preparation Work
Preparing optimization tool
DT tools are the basic tools for network optimization
test. They include DT software, test mobile phone,
receiver and GPS. Besides, some DT equipment
requires a dual-serial-port card.
Possible signaling analyzer need be used for
signaling tracing and locating. If interference test needbe conduct, device such as spectrograph may be
required; If the engineering parameters need be
adjusted, then devices such as compass may be
used. 。
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Network Optimization Flow - Preparation Work
People & Organization
Chief person of project
Network analyze engineer Optimization engineer
Testing engineer
OMC switch engineer Base station (Troubleshooting) engineer
Staff personnel: pilot, car driver and document
manager
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Network Optimization Flow - Spectrum Scanning
(Optional)
Spectrum scanning
With the authorization from the customer, scan and
confirm the frequencies used by the network at
present in the optimization area to ensure that the
frequencies are clean and available.
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Network Optimization Flow - Calibration Test
(Optional)
Calibration test
Calibration test of vehicle-mounted antenna
Calibration test of the external antenna of the testmobile phone
Test of the average penetration loss of the vehicle
body
Test of building loss
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Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
Source of network optimization data:
DT data
CQT data OMC performance statistic data
User complaint information
Alarm information Other data
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Drive Test (DT) refers to the process to move along a
selected path in the coverage area and then record
various test data and location information through DT
equipment.
DTDT
Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
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CQTCQT
Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
CQT refers to the fixed-point test conducted at importantplaces in the coverage area.
Scenic spot, airport, railway station, bus station and port
Important hotels (star-level hotels)
Catering and entertainment sites, large shopping malls
Important residential communities and office areas
Other important areas
CQT can use professional testing software. ZXPOS CNT1 (UMTS Edition) can complete the CQT
automatically.
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OMC performance statistic data reflect the operation quality of the
whole network from the point of view of statistics. They can be usedas the most important basis for assessing the network performance.
OMC Performance Statistic Data
The main network KPIs include:
Access success rate
Call success rate
Dropped call rate
Soft-switching success rate
Hard-switching success rate
OMC Performance Statistic Data
Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
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As the end user of the network service, ordinary user has
more direct experience of the network performance.
The user complaint information most directly reflects the
disadvantage of the network. Users are most concerned with the problems included in the
complaints, which need be solved as soon as possible.
The complaint includes geographical location information.
Generally the problems complained include poor signal coveragequality, difficulty for call completion and frequent call drop.
User Complaint InformationUser Complaint Information
Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
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Alarm information includes the alarm information of the
RNC, Node B and CN background NMS.
It reflects the abnormal or near-abnormal status in
equipment use or network operation. During networkoptimization, the alarm information deserves close
attention and need be viewed periodically, so that
warning information or problems can be found in time to
avoid the occurrence of accident.
Alarm InformationAlarm Information
Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
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In addition to the data listed above, there are data
obtained through the signaling analysis system, network
flow test system and voice quality assessment system.
Other DataOther Data
Network Optimization Flow - Network data collection
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Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
Data analysis indicates to make clear the network
operation quality, assess the network performance,
find and locate the possible network problems and
provide suggestions for network optimization byanalyzing the DT data, CQT data, OMC
performance statistic data, user complaint
information and alarm information. DT data analysis
CQT data analysis
OMC performance statistic data analysis User complaint information analysis
Alarm information analysis
Other data analysis
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The DT data collected by scanner or test mobile
phone can be analyzed according to
professional network optimization and analysis
software.
ZXPOS CNA1 (UMTS Edition) is a special analysis
software for WCDMA radio network optimization.
Based on the DT data and other auxiliary data, it can
conduct several kinds of intelligent analysis for theradio network to locate the network problems quickly
and accurately and implement network optimization.
DT Data AnalysisDT Data Analysis
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
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CQT Data AnalysisCQT Data Analysis
The following KPIs can be obtained by
analyzing CQT data:
Call success rate
Dropped call rate
Call delay
Call quality
Data service average rate, ect.
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
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OMC performance statistic data analysis can
generate the General Performance Index (GPI)
and Key Performance Index (KPI) of the radio
network. They are important data for assessing
the network performance.
Through the analysis of OMC performance
statistic data, the area where the problem has
occurred can be directly located on thebackground. This helps accurately locate the
problem.
OMC Performance Statistic Data AnalysisOMC Performance Statistic Data Analysis
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
N t k O ti i ti Fl D t A l i
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Indices that reflect the resources utilization include: ratio
of worse cells, ratio of over busy cells, ratio of over idlecells and utility of cell code resources.
Indices extracted from the OMC background also include
other indices that reflect network operation quality:
access success rate, call completion rate, call drop rate
and call delay.
Indices that reflect system handover performance
(handover success rate) include: softer handoversuccess rate, soft handover success rate, cross-lur
interface software handover success rate, hard handover
success rate and inter-system handover success rate.
OMC Performance Statistic Data AnalysisOMC Performance Statistic Data Analysis
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
N t k O ti i ti Fl D t A l i
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The user complaint can directly reflect the problem phenomena
and geographical information. From the complaint the followinginformation can be collated out:
Area of poor signal coverage
Area of low call success rate
Area of high call drop rate Area of poor conversation quality, etc.
User Complaint Information AnalysisUser Complaint Information Analysis
As the end user of the network service, ordinary users can feel
the network performance most directly. Due to the diversity
and individuality of each problem described by the user, theuser complaint data involve not only the base station side, but
also the billing system and transmission system. Therefore, the
complain data need be carefully identified to find the data that
can actually reflect the network status.
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
N t k O ti i ti Fl D t A l i
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Alarm Information AnalysisAlarm Information Analysis
Alarm information includes a large amount of abnormal
warning information during network operation. It can help
the optimization engineer to quickly locate the problem
and find the direction and method for solving the problem.
Besides, OMC performance statistic indices may also be
abnormal. When the relation between the OMC
performance statistic indices and the relevant alarm
information is found, it will greatly help locate the networkfault and solve the problems.
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
N t k O ti i ti Fl D t A l i
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Other Data AnalysisOther Data Analysis
Other data include the data obtained through thesignaling analysis system, network flow test system and
voice quality assessment system.
By tracing the signaling of such network interfaces of the
network as Uu, Iub and Iur interfaces, we conduct
statistics of the signal traffic and message of each
interface, find the abnormal signaling flow; with reference
to other statistic data, we can locate the fault more
accurately and can find various problems that are
generaly difficult to find and eliminate potential faults.
Network Optimization Flow - Data Analysis
Network Assement before Optimization
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Network Assement before Optimization
According to network assement before optimization,
the actual operating conditions of the network can
be obtained. It facilitate the comparison of the
performance before and after the networkoptimization.
The assessment is used to discover the problems in
the network, provide guide for the networkoptimization at the next stage.
By analyzing DT data, CQT data, OMC performance
statistic data, user complaint information, alarminformation and so on, we can know the quality of
the network and assess the performance of the
network.
Network Optimization Flow - Parameter
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p
Check (Optional)
Data analysis can help find bad indices in the
network. If it is found that the parameter
configuration is unreasonable and influences the
network performance, the parameter configurationof the abnormal base station must be checked. The
contents of the check include:
Check the base station. Check whether the radio configuration parameter of
the cell is consistent with the planned value.
Check the relevant configuration parameters of thevoice service and data service.
Network Optimization Flow Problem
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p
Locating
The problems of radio network are found in the
following major aspects:
Equipment software and hardware problems
Engineering parameter problem
Radio parameter problem
Network capacity problem
Network Optimization Flow Making Optimization
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Plan
The major adjustment policies for network
optimization includes:
Adjust the software and hardware of the equipment.
If software problem is found through parameter check,
the software version shall be confirmed and updated in
time. Hardware problem is generally board fault, in
which case the faulty board need be replaced by a
normal one.
Adjust the network engineering parameters.
This includes the adjustment of the direction angle,
downward tilt angle, height and location of the antenna. After the network construction is completed, coverage
and interference problems in the pre-launch network
optimization shall be solved by adjusting the network
engineering parameter.
Network Optimization Flow Making Optimization
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Plan
The major adjustment policies for network
optimization includes:
Adjust the network radio parameters.
This includes the adjustment of the access parameter,
paging parameter, power control parameter, handover
parameter and search parameter, etc.
Adjust the neighboring cell list of the system. Optimize the neighboring cell list of the network through
DT data analysis.
Capacity analysis or busy analysis.
Possible measures include cell splitting, adding cells
and micro cells, RF extension and use of multiple
carriers.
Network Optimization Flow Carrying Out
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Optimization Plan
If the network scale is large, the network need be divided into differentbase stations clusters to locate and solve the network problems indifferent areas.
After the all base station clusters have been optimized, the global
network can be optimized to solve global network problems andproblems across different clusters. Then assess the performance ofthe global network after the optimization and verify whether thenetwork performance indices have meet the acceptance standard andreached optimization objectives.
The cluster division principles shall be adjusted according to theactual situation, generally according to the topography of the localarea. neighboring areas that have special requirements for data orvoice service shall be grouped in the same cluster to facilitateoptimization debugging. Besides, cluster division can also beconducted according to the problems found in the networkassessment before the optimization. There shall be overlap betweentwo neighboring clusters.
The optimization of different clusters can be implemented either
parallel or serially depending on the resources and time requirement.
Network Optimization Flow Optimization
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verification
After the network optimization solution is implemented, it is
necessary to verify whether the network problems have been
solved or whether the network performance is improved.
To implement the optimization verification, also first collectthe network operation data and analyze the collected data.
After the optimization solution is implemented, assess the
network performance again by analyzing the DT data, CQT
data, OMC performance statistic data, user complaintinformation and alarm information.
Compare the network performance indices before and after
the optimization and verify whether the network problems
are solved or the network performance has met therequirement after the optimization.
Network Optimization Flow Optimization
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Project Acceptance
Acceptance test shall be conducted for the required
network performance indices according to the
contract requirements. Contents of the test such as
the test path, test point and call mode shall be setaccording to the principle determined at the contract
or requirement analysis stage. In principle the
customer shall participate in the acceptance test.
Network Optimization Flow Documentation
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archive
After the optimization verification and project
acceptance, the network optimization report need be
submitted and relevant documentations need be
archived.
The network optimization report includes such
contents as problem analysis, locating process,
optimization measures adopted, comparison of theindices before and after the optimization, remaining
problems of the network and suggestions for
subsequent construction.
Content
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Content
Overview of WCDMA radio network
optimization
General flow of WCDMA radio network
optimization
Engineering Optimization Method
Operation and maintenance Optimization
Engineering Optimization
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Engineering Optimization
At different stages of UMTS network construction,
the objectives of network optimization are also
different.
The objectives of (Pre-launch) Engineering
Optimization include:
Enabling the network to work normally
Issues deserving attention: coverage, function and
interference
Engineering Optimization
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Engineering Optimization
After the network planning and construction is
completed and before the pre-launch, the major
work contents of Engineering Optimization include:
Eliminating the hardware fault of the system
Checking whether the cell configuration is consistent
with the planned objective of the network
Making the coverage and interference reach asatisfactory level
Engineering Optimization
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g g p
Eliminate the hardware fault of the system:
It is very important to eliminate any hardware fault
from the system.
Generally hardware faults are eliminated according to
the division of base station cluster.
The elimination of hardware faults is the responsibility
of the equipment supplier. However, it is also very important for the carrier to
understand the process of hardware fault elimination
and obtain the ability for checking the equipment.
Engineering Optimization
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g g p
Check the cell configuration:
Whether the site is in the correct position
Whether the type of the antenna is correct
Whether the installation height, direction angle and
downward tilt angle are all deployed according to the
planned solution
Whether the type of the feeder is correct and whetherits length is appropriate
Whether parameters (such as common channel
power) of the cell are consistent with the plannedparameters.
Engineering Optimization
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g g p
Objectives for coverage and interference
optimization
Typical threshold:
The intensity of the pilot received in 95% of the
coverage area is greater than -89dBm (in dense urban
areas) or -94dBm (in general urban area).
The pilot Ec/Io measured in 95% of the coverage areais greater than -10dB.
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Engineering Optimization
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Steps for improving the interference:
Determine the areas where the pilot Ec/Io is lower
than the threshold.
Check the pilot level in these areas (which may havemore than 3 pilots).
From the pilots received in these areas, find the pilots
unexpected (these pilots come from the cells that arenot designed to provide coverage for these areas).
Reduce the intensity of these “unexpected” pilots
(generally by increasing the downward tilt). Pay
attention to the influence resulting therefrom on the
coverage within the service range of the cell (the
influence can be checked with the planning tool).
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Engineering Optimization Flow
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Single station optimization
testing Site improvment
Single station check and
acceptance
Cluster optimization testing
Cluster optimization dataanalysis and optimization plan
extablished
Carrying out cluster
optimization plan
Cluater optimization
acceptance
Cluster boundary
optimization
Block optimization
Whole network
optimization and verification
Whole Network
Optimization
Base Station
Cluster Optimization
SingleStation
Verification
Single Station Verification Flow
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Preparations before Single Station Verification Testing
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OMC Engineer Optimization Engineer
Ensure whether there is any alarm
on the station and all the faults is
removed; Test whether the status of
cell is normal.
Select testing route Testing route tries to across the
area covered by tested base station.
Try to cover all the streets aroundtested base station.
Local driving habits should taken
into account in order to shorten the
waiting time for traffic light.
Select testing point Try to meet the requirement of
signal coverage: RSCP >= -
75dBm;Ec/Io >=-8dB
Check all the testing equipments
Base station status check
Whether any alarm occurs on the
station or not; If the station is
blocked or not.
Whether HSPA function of the cell is
activated or not.
Whether other network elements
(MSC, SGSN, GGSN, PDN Server,transmission) are normal or not.
Export RNC configuration table with
various basic configuration data of
base station (LAC, RAC, CELLID,
frequncy, scrambling code, CPICHPOWER, neighborhood, etc.)
Cooperate with installation engineer
to check and solve fault.
Single Station Verification Tool ConfigurationF852 (M bil h )
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F852 (Mobile phone)
SupportsHSDPA/UMTS
Supports
EDGE/GPRS/GSM
Supports HSDPA of3.6Mbps
Supports R99 PS
downlink with 384kbpsMF632 (Data card)
SupportHSUPA/HSDPA/UMTS
Support
EDGE/GPRS/GSM
Support HSDPA of7.2Mbps
Support HSUPA of 2Mbps
Support receive
classification
Contents of Single Station Verification
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Parameter
check when
UE is id le
Frequency and scrambling code are consistent with theplanned data
LAC/RAC is consistent with the planned data
Cell selecting and reselecting parameter configuration
Neighborhood list is consistent with the planned data
Pilot
frequencycoverage
testing
Keep the vehicular speed on 30km/h~40km/h
Check CPICH RSCP and CPICH Ec/Io received by Scanner are
abnormal or not
Check whether there is problem, such as amplifier abnormality,antenna feeder connection abnormality, unreasonable installation
location of antenna, building block caused by changing of surrounding
environment and downward tilt angle/direction angle of antenna being
not consistent with the planned data when hardware installation.
Base
station
service
function
testing
Voice service testing
Video Call service testing
R99 and HSPA FTP data service testing
Testing Entries of Single Station VerificationN E t i C it i f A t
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No. Entries Criterion of Assessment
1 Check the parameters when UE is under
idle mode
Be consistent with planned data or not
2 Check coverage testing result of Scanner
(CPICH RSCP and Ec/Io)
In the range of 100m near base station, CPICH
RSCP>-75dBm, Ec/Io>-6dB。
3 Check coverage area of Scanner The signal of each antenna direction is normal or not.The coverage range of each antenna direction is
consistent with planned data (exclude the possibility
of wrong connection of antenna feeder)
4 Voice Call Calling and called of voice service are normal or not.
Voice call quality is normal or not
5 Video Call Calling and called of video call service is normal or
not. Video call quality is normal or not.
6 PS384K FTP uplink average throughput
testing
PS384K UL Average Throughput > 300kbps
6 PS384K FTP downlink averagethroughput testing
PS384K DL Average Throughput > 300kbps
7 HSDPA FTP average throughput testing
(HSDPA 7.2M)
HSDPA Average Throughput > 5M (测试条件
CQI>=24 )
8 HSUPA FTP average throughput testing
( HSUPA 2M)
HSUPA Average Throughput > 1.5M (与HSDPA测试
相同的条件下进行)
Base Station Cluster Optimization
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When there are non-completion or faulted base station inWCDMA network, selecting several normal base stations ina certain range of area to compose sub network to dooptimization can reduce complexity of network optimization.Pay attention to make the degree of boundary overlap ofthe sub network corresponding to single station coveragetest results.
Base station optimization is a cyclic process. The flow ofbase station optimization is shown below:
Determine optimization area and target Determine testing route
Carry out full drive test
Analyze measurement data, form adjusting plan and carry outthe plan
Judge whether the adjusting result can meet the expectedgoal. If the result cannot meet the expected goal, the processshould return.
Judge whether all the base station optimization is completed.If the optimization is not completed, the process should return.
Enter the stage of whole network optimization.
Base Station Cluster Optimization
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The advantage of base station cluster optimization
includes:
Locating and solving the network problems regionally.
Facilitating to carry out parallel optimization bygrouping.
Facilitating to monitor work progress
Minimizing data processing time of tool
Base Station Cluster Optimization
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Base station cluster optimization steps:
Determine the size and location of the base station
Determine the items of base station cluster being
analyzed Coverage, scrambling, size and location of handover;
neighbor cell list evaluation; access, handover and call
drop.
Carry out the test
Drive Test: Ec/Io, Pilot Power, UE TX Power, Neighbors,
Call Success/Drops and Handover statistics;Service
allocation, FER/BLER, Max and Av. BER , Throughput,Delay
Premise of Base Station Cluster Optimization
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Cluster division is completed. And more than 80% of basestations in the cluster has been launched and passed single
station verification.
Test route design inside clusters is completed.
Neighbor cell allocation inside clusters has been completed.
Define the adjustment means permitted in the progress of
optimization.
Documents needed to be input before cluster optimization:station exploration and designing report, single station
verification report, station engineer parameter table, OMCR
configuration data.
Optimization tools preparation: test software, analysis
software, HSPA data card, scanner, notebook computer,
electric map, vehicle inverter, GPS, test cars, and so on.
Division of Base Station Cluster
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Principle of cluster division
topography and
geomorphology
service distribution the same information of
RNC, LAC area, etc.
Method of cluster division
Every cluster includes
less than 15~30 base
stations. It should not be
too much.
Coverage areas
between clusters has
their overlaps.
Base Station Cluster Planning Testing Route
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Testing route should cross all the launched sites inthe cluster;
Main road and highway in the cluster should be
selected; If the sites beside the cluster is isolated islands, the
testing route near these sites should be the sites with
Ec>-100dBm;
Testing route should have overlaps with neighbor
cluster
Testing route should try to avoid to cross the
unlaunched sites in order to guarantee the continuouscoverage of testing route.
Testing route should indicate the direction of car
driving.
Work Flow of Base Station Cluster OptimizationInput
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Engineering
parameter list
System parameter
list
Digital mapSingle station
verification report
Preparation of
documents and tools
Definition of clusters
and DT route
Cluster
optimization plan
Initial cluster
coverage testing
Problem analysis
Optimization advice
Executing
Verifying
Y
Problem
solved?
N
Optimization flow
Over coverage
Pilot pollution
Call drop
Handover failure
Block
Scambling……
Commit report
List of adjustment
of parameters and
antenna feeder
Cluster
optimization
report
Update
engineering
parameters list
Update system
parameters
End
Pass the
verification?
Output
Y
N
Main Content of Base Station Cluster
Optimization Being Analyzed
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Leading cells analysis
Coverage analysis (CPICH Ec, Ec/Io)
Pilot frequency pollution analysis
Scrambling analysis
Neighbor cell analysis
Soft handover analysis Access problem analysis
Call drop analysis
Whole Network Optimization
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After complete the cluster optimization of base station, the systemwill work smoothly in most area of its coverage. But in some parts,
especially the overlap area of sub-networks and some signal blind
area, network should be adjusted by taking every performance
index into consideration in order to complete global networkoptimization.
Whole network optimization is also a recycling procedure. It
includes:
Determine optimization area and projects Determine the test route
Make an all-round drive test
Analyze the test results to form and carry out adjustment
planning Check whether the adjustment has reached the supposed
result. Otherwise, return.
Commit the optimization report.
Whole Network Optimization Work Contents
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Optimization of cluster boundary and RNC border isthe key of this period. It can guarantee the completion
of the global network.
Solve the problems without being located in the periodof cluster optimization; solve the problems located but
might be influenced by the optimization adjustment;
and solve the newly-located problems.
Hard handover optimization should also be completed
in the period of global network optimization.
Evaluate and optimize the radio performance of the
global network by means of drive test, so as to makeevery network index meet the users’ requirements
before commercial numbers allocated.
Whole Network Optimization Preliminary
Acceptance Standards
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requirements (examples) Acceptance item Meaning
Scopeproposed
value
CPICH RSCP Coverge Rate (optional) Pilot frequency coverage intensity ≥-95dBm ≥98%
CPICH Ec/Io Coverage Rate (optional) Pilot frequency coverage quality ≥-14dB ≥98%
Voice call setup success rate Voice call setup success rate Min % ≥98%
Voice call drop rate Voice call drop rate Max % ≤2%
Video call setup success rate Video call setup success rate Min % ≥98%
Video call setup success rate Video call drop rate Max % ≤2%
PS 128k DL Mean ThroughputPS128k downlink mean
throughoutMean 110kbps
HSDPA Mean Throughput HSDPA Mean Throughput ≥1Mbps ≥90%
Because there is almost no user in the network on the project acceptance stage, several testing
routes are chosen used for drive test when verifying. Through DT index, we can determine whether the
network can pass the verification.
Whole network verifying test executes on the condition that the local cells and neighbor cells
have 50% of downlink loading.
Content
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Overview of WCDMA radio network
optimization
General flow of WCDMA radio network
optimization
Engineering Optimization Method
Operation and maintenance Optimization
D l i
D t l sis
Operation and Maintenance Optimization Period
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NO YES
Network performancemonitoring
Network performancemonitoring
Data analysisData analysis
Planning designoptimization
Planning designoptimization
Carrying out planningCarrying out planning
Planning verificationPlanning verification
DT CQT
OMC Complain
Improve the network quality, improve the customer’s degree of satisfaction
Operation and Maintenance Optimization
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Objectives of post-launch operation andmaintenance optimization:
Improving the QoS
Increasing the system capacity
Increasing the coverage range of the service (for
example, increasing the coverage range of high-
speed data service) Providing better service for hot-spot areas
Maximizing the return of the investment
Operation and Maintenance Optimization
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The major work contents of the post-launchoperation and maintenance Optimization include:
Adding base station
Further sectorizing existing base station
Optimizing the parameters
Reducing the interference
Using more than 1 carriers
Implementing the layered cell structure
Providing the solution for indoor coverage
Operation and Maintanence Optimization
St t
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Flow for network
operation analysis
Network operation analysisis suitable for a network in
formal operation. OMC
performance statistic data
can be extracted andanalyzed periodically,
possible equipment and
network problems can be
analyzed and then networkoperation analysis report can
be submitted to provide a
reference for the customer’s
network adjustment and
optimization.
Start
Retrieve backgrounddata
OMC engineer
Analyze data andnetwork
performanceOptimization engineer
Backgroundstatistics data
Networkrunninganalysisreport
End
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Significant Attention KPI
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Example of KPI monitoring of Daily Operation
and Maintenance
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Advice on Wide Centralized Optimization
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After network expanded widely After new station established, RF optimization, neighborhood optimization
(inside and between systems), and parameter optimization of reselection andswitching are needed. If new carriers are added, parameter optimization ofreselection and switching between carriers, parameter of load control and loadbalancing are also needed.
Obvious quality reduction of network or increase of user complaints caused bysome poor KPI(s) which cannot meet the requirements
When access success rate, call drop rate, paging success rate and PSdownload rate worsen user experience index directly, wide optimization,problem tackling and index improvement are needed.
Great changes occur to radio network. State of vegetation changes according to seasons; changes occur to radio
network due to city development and building. Great changes occur to network capacity.
As the number of users increase quickly, network performance index will beworsened obviously. Under such circumstances, wide optimization is needed toimprove network performance under high load.
Principal business changes Optimization will be needed when principal business changes, for instance,
audio/video telephone changes into high speed PS business (such as HSDPA).
Key technique changes Optimization will be needed when network mode transfers from OTSR to STSR
with the technique of MIMO.
Operation and Maintenance Optimization Flow 1
Start
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Performanceindexcollection
RNC indexabnormal?
Equipment
alarm exists?
Equipmentalarm process
RNC indexduplicates?
Sudden orself-recoverableabnormal?
Reason analysisand record
Advice onimprovement
Y
N
Y
Y
NN
N
Y
Abnormal cell TOPN
and geographic display
1 2 3
Weather change, holiday,
gathering, instantaneous
transmission turnoff,
power problem, etc.
Operation and Maintenance Optimization Flow 2
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Optimization of Access Rate of the Radio System
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Optimization Flow of Call Drop Rate of the Radio
System1. RNC Call Drop Rate
Analysis
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2. Cell Call Drop Rate
Index Analysis
3. Check Cell Equipment is
abnormal?
4. Analyze the causes of
call drop.
4.1 Call drop caused by signalRB reset or service RB reset?
4.2 Call drop caused by cut-
over?
4.3 Call drop caused by
scrambling?
5. Represent the problems
through Drive Test
Solve the problem of
equipment
Solve the problem ofcoverage
Solve the problem of
handover call drop
Solve the problem of
scrambling
End
YES
NO
YES
YES
YES
NO
NO
NO
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