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Why Open Standards and Java/EE MatterReza RahmanJava EE [email protected]@reza_rahman
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Standards are Everywhere…
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What’s the Deal with All This Standards Stuff?
Interoperability Compatibility, portability Reliable baseline quality of service Stable core for broad ecosystems Vendor-neutrality, minimize lock-in risks Reducing unnecessary fragmentation
Maintain healthy competitive ecosystems
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These Guys Think About Technology??!
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Yea They Do, Especially Standards
What are Standards and Why are They Important?
http://www.iso.org/iso/livelinkgetfile?llNodeId=21878&llVolId=-2000
An Economic Basis for Open Standards
http://www.iso.org/iso/fr/home/about/training-technical-assistance/standards-in-education/education_innovation-list/educational_innovation-detail.htm?emid=1441
Studies on Benefits of Standards
http://www.iso.org/iso/home/standards/benefitsofstandards/benefits_repository.htm
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The Network Effect
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The Two Types of “Standards”
Network Network EffectEffect
Open Open StandardStandard
De-Facto De-Facto StandardStandard
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The Two Types are Polar Opposites
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How “De-Facto Standards” Really Look Like
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Why We Have Laws Against Monopoly Power
Higher long term pricing, predatory pricing Fewer market choices, high entry barriers, anti-competitive behaviors Low levels of competition, long-term innovation and quality of service High risk monoculture ecosystem
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What Makes Open Standards Tick
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Hmmm…
Linux– POSIX
– Single UNIX Specification (SUS)
– Linux Standard Base
Apache httpd– HTTP, HTML, URI, TLS
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/misc/relevant_standards.html
MySQL– SQL
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/compatibility.html
Java SE, Java EE, JavaScript, C/C++, Ruby, Fortran, Ada, Pascal…
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The Usual Complaints against Most Standards
Standards are slow Design by Committee Standards don’t guarantee portability Standards don’t have my feature XYZ Standards don’t innovate It’s just a bunch of vendor experts
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Death by a Thousand Cuts
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The Usual Answers…
Standards are slow– Maybe, but jumping on bandwagons as fast as possible isn’t great either
Design by Committee– Maybe, but the world runs on consensus not benevolent dictatorships
Standards don’t guarantee portability– Maybe, but it’s still way better than total lock-in
Standards don’t have my feature XYZ– Maybe, but feature bloat and complexity isn’t great either
Standards don’t innovate– Actually, they do and the world runs on collaboration, sharing and mutual
adoption of ideas
It’s just a bunch of vendor experts– Actually, all kinds of people can and do contribute to standards
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So Standards are Supposed to be Perfect?
““Perfect”Perfect” Real Life…Real Life…
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Help Make Perfect?
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What You Could Do
Refine the process– JSR 358: A major revision of the Java Community Process
– JSR 364: Broadening JCP Membership
Define the standards– http://adoptajsr.java.net
– http://glassfish.org/adoptajsr
Become an active user– http://glassfish.org/javaone2014/community.html#story
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Standards Shouldn’t be the Only Answer
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Options Beyond the Standard are Vital
Not everything should be standardized– Extensions should always expand frontiers
Standards should adopt mature, proven ideas from the ecosystem– Proving ground for alternate approaches and innovation
Standards can safeguard against monopolies but not oligarchies– Not reinvesting in the standard in established market
– Complacency, collusion (innocent or malevolent)
There can be peaceful co-existence with answers beyond the standard– Can be treated as integral part of the standards ecosystem
– Can be treated as valued and cordial counterweights
– Carefully guard against slippery slope of trading open standard for de-facto monopoly…
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Thanks!
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