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What is Judaism???
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Judaism
One of “the oldest” known religions to man
Born app 4,000 years ago Life for Jewish people has been very
difficult!▪ Slavery in Egypt▪ Blamed on Black Death▪ Holocaust
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Judaism
A religion, philosophy and a way of life!
Judaism is considered by religious Jews to be the expression of the covenantal relationship God developed with the Children of Israel
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Canaan
Ancient home for Hebrews (later called Jews)
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Ancient Palestine (Canaan)
Crossroads! Great trade came
through this area – Africa, Asia, Europe
According to the Bible – Canaan was the land God promised to the Hebrews
Lays between the Mediterranean and Red Seas
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Torah
Most of what we know early history of Hebrews is found in the Torah
First 5 books of the Hebrew Bible Christians refer to it as Old
Testament Considered most sacred writings!
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Abraham
“Father” of the Hebrew people God spoke to Abraham these words:
“Go from your country and your kindred and your father’s house to the land that I will show you. I will make you a great nation, and I will bless you, and make your name great.”
Genesis 12:1-2
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Abraham A shepherd who lived
in Ur. 1800 BC (?) Canaan 1650 BC - Egypt First monotheists ever! Abraham obeyed in
exchange for protection
Promise was called a covenant
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Why Egypt????
Possibly drought and famine?
First honored by Egyptians, then slavery…
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Moses and the Exodus
Hebrews fled Egypt Passover Torah says it was Moses Pharaoh felt threatened by
number of Hebrews Ordered all _________ babies to
be killed! Moses hidden by his mother by
the river Egyptian princess raised him Commanded by God, he
obeyed
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Moses
Born in 1593 BCMoses confronted the Pharaoh –
begged to let Israelites goDenied over and over againWith God’s help – 10 plaguesBegan with Nile turning into
blood
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95t6te5IKuI&safe=active
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Pharaoh gave in army still right behind though!
Moses parted the Red Sea – the water came down on Egyptian army
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mt-9ihZsV2Y&safe=active
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10 Commandments While crossing Sinai
Peninsula – Moses climbed Mt. Sinai
Believe he spoke to God (Yahweh)
Brought down two stone tablets????
Became basis for civil and religious law
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Found in the Old TestamentMoses given credit for writing
the first 5 books Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy – Pentateuch
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Believed it was a new covenant between Hebrews and God
Believed they spent 40 years wandering
Returned to Canaan Organized into 12
tribes after death of Moses
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Canaan
1020-922 BC – Hebrews united under 3 kings▪ Saul, David and Solomon▪ New kingdom known as Israel▪ 100 years of peace
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Saul
First king of Israel!
Able to drive the Philistines out – known as a tragic man
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King David
Saul’s son-in lawVery popular!Established
Jerusalem as the capital
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King Solomon
David’s son takes over in 962 BCMost powerful of all!Had over 700 wives!Beautified Jerusalem!Built a major temple – causing
high taxes on people. Forced labor tooRevolt broke out between North
and South
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Kingdom now divides in two North – IsraelSouth – Judah