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What do we have in common?What are the unique features in our countries?
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Common Points
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Green growth framework: Plunder of resources:
plantations, mining, coal, dams, mega/large roads/highways/ports,
energy projects which are old extractive/destructive activities but now with a GREEN label
(e.g. conservation, etc.)
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What is Extractivism?Taking not making
Sucking out of unprocessed wealth/raw materials more
intensively Need to be done cheaply to generate maximum profits
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Many states now are dependent from
extractivism for their own survival.
They get funds from extractive activities benefiting local
politicians, officials and supported by policies, laws and regulations.
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Rights are not connected to JUSTICE.
- Peoples’ rights become list of things to be “checked”.
- Processes such as Free, prior and informed consent in the Philippines, SEIA in Malaysia, RSPO in Indonesia, “No Rights, No REDD”, public hearings, etc. are part of a broader strategy to MANAGE RESISTANCE and ALLOW DESTRUCTIVE PROJECTS to go
ahead.- Long-term social damage (plus
environmental and economic damages) divides families, communities, etc.
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Local people are blamed for environmental
destruction/considered as the problems.
- Blamed for the refusal to participate in government projects, called as anti-
development, anti-state, communists.- Culture of impunity through laws, regulation,
social practices that blame communities- Burden of proof on communities to prove that they are indigenous, that they live in the land
for a long time. But no burden of proof on companies.
-Criminalization of struggles
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Violence and repression against people.
- Physical violence and killing, public assassinations
- Threats/intimidation- Enforced disappearances.
-Legal violence using courts, laws, etc.- Militarized conservation areas
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Involvement of many actors
(old and new)- Companies, consultants, NGOs, governments (many levels/forest laws), IFIs such as World Bank, ADB, UN agencies, economists,
donors, local brokers, communities
- Collusion between state and investors, between military and
conservation groups
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Local people and communities taking charge of their resistance, advocacy
and reversing blame strategy.- Ecological restoration, building local
economies-Self-education and community learning
- Community exchanges & people-to-people solidarity
- Mobilizations and movement building- Legal strategies and policy changes
- Action research, documentation - Use of cultural practices, beliefs and
traditions, etc.
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Post-conflict era and rebuilding (esp. in
Myanmar, Cambodia)- Through peace processes, new laws and regulations are being
developed with foreign actors and massive foreign investments
coming in, which occur on top of existing social conflicts
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Unique Features
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Each country has particular histories,
historical injustices and politics
continuing to play out today
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The strength of ethnic and cultural identities varies from country to country.
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Did we capture the discussions?
Anything we miss?