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What is Ecology?
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Origin of the word…”ecology” Greek origin OIKOS = household LOGOS = study of…
Study of the “house/environment” in which we live.
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Ecology is study of interactions between non-living components in the environment…
light water wind nutrients in soil heat solar radiation atmosphere, etc.
AND…
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Living organisms… Plants Animals microorganisms in soil, etc.
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To study Ecology involves… For non-living
(abiotic) Climatology Hydrology Oceanography Physics Chemistry Geology soil analysis, etc.
For living (biotic)
animal behavior Taxonomy Physiology mathematics (population studies) etc.
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Ecology… views each locale as an integrated
whole of interdependent parts that function as a unit.
tundracaribou
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The interdependent parts are…
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Nonliving dead organic
matter nutrients in the
soil and water. Producers
green plantsTundra
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Consumers herbivores and
carnivores Decomposers
fungi and bacteria
Tundra
Caribou
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ECOLOGY: Levels of Organization
- a hierarchy of organization
in the environment
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Levels of organization - Terms Biosphere
Surface of the earth Composed of many ecosystems
Ecosystem Large or small as we decide
Backyard, O’Melveney Park, Hedge along Room 110, etc.
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Levels of organization - Terms
Population – one species live in one place at one time
Community – All populations (diff. species) that live in a particular area.
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Levels of organization - Terms
Habitat – physical location of community
Organism – simplest level of organization
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Very complex Can contain 100’s to 1000’s of interacting
species.
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THEN…
Ecology is an integrated and dynamic study of the environment.
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