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What Does It All Mean?
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Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
Provide quality assured and comparableinformation regarding environmentalinformation regarding environmental performance of a product and/or service
Type Standard 3rd party reviewed
Endorsement Shorthand
I ISO 14024 Yes Yes Eco-labelI ISO 14024 Yes Yes Eco label
II ISO 14021 No Yes Self-declaration
III ISO 14025 Yes No Nutrition label
Type III EPD
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Type III EPD
Life Cycle Assessment
Technique to assess the environmental aspects and potential impacts associatedaspects and potential impacts associated with a product, process, or service.
Part of the ISO 14000 environmental management standards
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Product Category Rules
Instructions on how and what to report via pthe EPD Intended application Intended audience Disclosed to the public Product studied Functional unit Functional unit System boundaries Life cycle stages
included
Allows For Comparisons
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Helps Prevent
Why Bother?
Building owners asking for EPDsi e report your carbon footprint i.e., report your carbon footprint
Required by Architecture 2030 Challenge for Building Products
LEED 2012 Industry wide EPDs (company listed) permitted
Plant specific EPDs
PCRs are being developed – we need to be a the table
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Architecture 2030
2030 Challenge for Buildings 2030 Challenge for Products 2030 Challenge for Products
35% or better in 2015 40% or better in 2020 45% or better in 2025 50% or better in 2030
Environmental Product Declarations (EPD)
P d t C t R l (PCR) Product Category Rules (PCR)
If no products meeting reduction targets in a category, specify materials below category average
University of Washington
Heading Carbon Leadership
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PCR Committee
PCR Development Process
Task Date
Committee Formed May 2011
PCR Public Draft Issued February 14, 2012
Public Comments Due March 31, 2012
Final Version May 2012
EPD Program Adoption ???
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Goals
Quantify environmental impacts of specific concrete mix designsconcrete mix designs
Encourage supply chain specific EPDs for Cement SCMs Aggregates Water Admixtures Admixtures
Track and reduce the environmental impacts Additional performance metrics for concrete Differentiate products
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Declared Unit / Product description
1 yd3 (m3)
Specified compressive strength at age
Exposure class (per ACI 318)
Specified slump or slump flow
Other performance characteristics Other performance characteristics
Life Cycle Stages
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System Boundaries
A-1 Raw Material Supply (upstream processes) Extraction handling and processing of raw materials Extraction, handling and processing of raw materials
A-2 Transportation Transportation to 'gate' of the concrete producer
A-3 Manufacturing (core processes): Energy used to store, batch, mix and distribute the
concrete and operate the plantconcrete and operate the plant
A-4 Construction Transportation (optional) Transport of the concrete to the construction site
Excluded from System Boundary
Production, manufacture and construction of buildingsbuildings
Production and manufacture of concrete production equipment, concrete delivery vehicles, earthmoving equipment, and laboratory equipment
Personnel‐related activities (travel, furniture, office supplies)
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Impact Categories (2 Levels of Detail) Level A: Single attribute
Carbon footprint only
Level B: ISO compliant EPD
Total primary energy consumption Non‐renewable
Renewable
Water Use
Total waste disposed
Global Warming Potential/'Carbon Footprint
Ozone Depletion Potential
Acidification Potential Air
Eutrophication Potential, Air
Eutrophication Potential, Water
Photochemical ozone creation/smog
Human Health Criteria (particulate matter)
Human Health CF Non‐Cancer
Human Health CF Cancer
Selection of Data
Plant specific EPD results
P bli l bli h d LCI d t Publicly published LCI data
CO2e: Use defaults noted in Appendix B
LCI of concrete, Marceau, 2007
US LCI Database (NREL)
USEPA USEPA
Specific data plant energy use, water use, fuel use etc.
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Data Variability
Data sources Optimal Default
Site specific EPD Median + std dev 10th%=80% ave90th%=150% ave
National orNational or Regionally specificindustry averaged EPD
Median (50%) +10th/90th percentiles
10th%=80% ave90th%=200% ave
Allocation Assumptions
Emissions from waste incineration (e.g. tires) are considered to be allocated to the originalare considered to be allocated to the original intended use (e.g. cars)
Emissions from bio‐fuels can be considered as net‐zero provided that the bio‐fuels are waste product biomass
Emissions from coal power and steel or ferro‐silica metal production need not be allocated to the waste products (SCMs)
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Content of EPD
The name and address of the manufacturer Description of the construction product and declared Description of the construction product and declared
unit Construction product identification A description of the main components Name of the EPD program Date the declaration was issued and the 5 year
i d f liditperiod of validity Which life cycle stages not considered A statement regarding data quality and variability
Content of EPD (con’t’d)
A statement that EPD of construction products may not be comparable if they doproducts may not be comparable if they do not comply with this standard
The site(s), manufacturer or group of manufacturers or those representing them for whom the EPD is representative
Other important environmental data about the manufacturer or product
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Sample EPD for Concretep
Product Description
P d t STR040
The declared unit is 1 cubic yard (1 cubic meter) of concrete for each of the following concrete products:
Product name STR040Specified Compressive Strength
4000 psi (28 MPa) at 28 days
Specified Environmental Exposure Class (in accordance with ACI 318)
F0, S1, P0, C0
6 in +/- 1 5 in (152 mm +/- 38Specified Slump
6 in. +/- 1.5 in. (152 mm +/- 38 mm)
Typical Applications
Foundations, footings, basement walls and slabs on grade with moderate sulfate exposure
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Main Components
Component Meeting the FollowingComponent Meeting the Following Standard
Portland Cement ASTM C 150 Type IISlag cement ASTM C 989Fly ash ASTM C 618Fine and Coarse Aggregate ASTM C 33Admixtures ASTM C494Water ASTM C 1602
EPD Program UsedThis environmental product declaration was developed following the Product Category Rules (PCR) for ISO 14025 Type III Environmental Product Declarations (EPDs) of Concrete developed and registered at the Carbon Leadership Forum www.carbonleadershipforum.org.
The reported ‘carbon footprint’ represents a cradle-to-site inventory of the greenhouse gas emissions attributed to the production of this unique concrete mix design. The calculations were prepared in conformance with the Carbon Leadership Forum’s Concrete Product Rules dated 2/14/88 which provide clarification for adopting the WRI/WBCSD Greenhouse Gas Protocol Initiative Product Accounting & Reporting Standards dated 2/14/99.
The EPD Program Operator verifying/registering this EPD is Green Environmental Sustainability, Inc.:1000 Heavenly Way1000 Heavenly WaySeattle, WA 88888www.GESwebsite.net
The Life Cycle Assessment was independently verified by Go Get Em Environmental:2000 Cradle LaneCradle, CA 77777www.GOgetEMEnvironmental.com
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Data Quality and Variability Statement The life cycle inventory data used to conduct the LCA for
the products in this EPD was obtained from industry average data and is classified as “good” quality. The data was obtained from Life Cycle Inventory of Portland Cement Concrete, by Marceau, et al.
This EPD was created using industry average data for upstream materials that did not include the variability of the upstream material component impacts. Variation can result from differences in manufacturing processes, manufacturing efficiency and fuel type usedmanufacturing efficiency and fuel type used.
Global warming potential values can expect to vary between 80% and 150% of values reported.
Other environmental impact values can be expected to vary between 80% and 200% of values reported.
Environmental ImpactsImpact Category
Impacts(US Units)
Impacts (SI Units)
Reference
Total Primary Energy 2.13 MBTU/yd3 2957 MJ/m3 N/A
Non-renewable 1.92 MBTU/yd3 2665 MJ/m3 N/A
R bl 0 21 MBTU/ d3 281 MJ/ 3 N/ARenewable 0.21 MBTU/yd3 281 MJ/m3 N/A
Batch Water 210 lbs/yd3 127 kg/m3 N/A
Wash Water 30 lbs/yd3 18 kg/m3 N/A
Total Waste Disposed 40 lbs/yd3 24 kg/m3 N/A
Global Warming Potential 254 kg CO2 eq/yd3 334 kg CO2eq/m3 TRACI
Ozone Depletion 0.00 kg CFC11 eq/yd3 0.00 kg CFC11 eq/m3 TRACI
Acidification Potential 0.59 kg SO2 eq/yd3 0.78 kg SO2 eq/m3 TRACI
Eutrophication Potential Air 0.00 kg N eq/yd3 0.00 kg N eq/yd3 TRACI
Eutrophication Potential Water 0.07 kg N eq/yd3 0.09 kg N eq/m3 TRACI
Photochemical Ozone Createion/Smog
0.05 kg C2H6 eq/yd3 0.06 kg C2H6 eq/m3 TRACI
Human Health Criteria (particulate matter)
0.38 kg PM10/yd3 0.49 kg PM10/m3 TRACI
Human Health CF Non-cancer 2.03E-5 CTUnoncancer/yd3 2.67E-5 CTUconcancer/m3 TRACI
Human Health CF cancer 5.54E-6 CTUcancer/yd3 7.29E-6CTUcancer/m3 TRACI
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Additional Environmental Information
Rock Solid Concrete Company is dedicated to continuous environmental improvementsto continuous environmental improvements through product and process innovation. It demonstrates its dedication to sustainable development through the following certifications: NRMCA Certified Concrete Production Facility NRMCA Green-Star Certification NRMCA Sustainable Concrete Plant Certification
– Silver Level
EPD Document
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Can we do this for concrete?
Thousands of mix designs at each plant
N i d i d l d f j t New mix design developed for many projects
Mix designs change with season
Mix designs change with material availability
Do we have upstream data?
How much will this cost? How much will this cost?
How long will it take?
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We have to try
Good start – we have a PCR
W d h l i th PCR d We need your help – review the PCR and provide comments by March 31
www.nrmca.org/sustainability
Next steps
Develop industry wide EPD for concrete
D l i l LCA t l t h l b Develop a simple LCA tool to help members create EPDs
Identify EPD operators and LCA practitioners to verify the tool
Identify EPD operators to adopt PCR and the y p pEPD tool
Develop baseline(s) for Architecture 2030 Challenge
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Other Challenges
PCR will penalize companies using industry average dataaverage data Average footprint for cement industry
Average footprint for aggregate
PCR will reward companies using plant specific data Footprint of cement from plant
Footprint of aggregate from quarry
How do we establish baseline(s)?