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markfullmer.com/skills-enhancement
Eastern Visayas State University
July 14, 2012
Skills EnhancementSeminar
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What did you learn last time?
The English Language is buang-buang.
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Results from Pre/Post-Tests
64%80%
Pre-Test Post-Test
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Pronounce these words:
LEISUREGENREENTHUSIASTIC
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CEREMONYINVENTORYADVOCACYCHOCOLATEDIAMONDDIAPER
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How to speak with an American accent
Remember: there is no “right” way to pronounce English, simply different accents.
“I am going to go to the internet for some information on breakfast.”
Let’s try a sample sentence:
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PRONUNCIATION: What the scholars say…
“...Traditionally, Filipino English is described as syllable timed with each syllable coming with even beats, rather than following the stress timing of American and British English where the stress is on nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.”
--Roger Thompson, “Filipino English and Taglish” (2003)
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Makadto ako ha internet café kay namimiling ako para hit impormasyon hiunung pamahaw.
Count how many syllables:
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Sentence Stress and Rhythm
CATS CHASE MICE. TheCATShaveCHASED MICE. TheCATSwill CHASEthe MICE. TheCATShavebeenCHASingthe MICE. TheCATScouldhavebeenCHASing theMICE.
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PRONUNCIATION: Word Stress
“I am going to go to the internet
for some information on breakfast.”
Filipino: even rhythm
American: uneven rhythm
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A common Filipino mistake is to accent the second syllable of a multisyllabic word. This comes from the Spanish practice of accenting the second syllable when nothing is marked. Most Germanic languages, like English, stress the first syllable of a word.
ceREmonyinVENtoryadVOcacychoCOlatediAmonddiAper
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PRONUNCIATION: The “Schwa”Americans tend to omit medial posttonic
syllables.
Examples: Sep(a)rate “Seprate” Choc(o)late “Choclate” Cam(e)ra “Camra” Elab(o)rate “Elabrate”
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“Instead of pronouncing unstressed vowels as a schwa, Filipinos pronounce each syllable with the full value indicated by the spelling.”
-- Gonzales (1983)
PRONUNCIATION
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PRONUNCIATION: The “Schwa”
“I am going to go to the internet
for some information on breakfast.”
Filipino: ter
Filipino: fastAmerican: fust
American: tur
Say “Uhh”!In other words, Filipino speakers have more precise pronunciation than American speakers.
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PRONUNCIATION: The “Schwa”In American pronunciation, the schwa, or
“uhh” sound, is the most common vowel sound. Examples:
'a' in about [əˈbaʊt] 'e' in taken [ˈteɪkən] 'i' in pencil [ˈpɛnsəl] 'o' in eloquent [ˈɛləkwənt] 'u' in supply [səˈplaɪ]
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TRY TALKING LIKE AN AMERICAN1. Speed: slow down for verbs, nouns,
adjectives, go fast for articles & prepositions
2. Don’t emphasize the second syllable (inventory, ceremony)
3. Omit the medial posttonic syllable (separate, chocolate)
4. Use the schwa for non stressed vowels (internet, breakfast)
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TRY TALKING LIKE AN AMERICAN
I am going to go to the internet for some information on breakfast.
tuh
tuh
tur
fur
fur
fust
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SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
It’s simple. It’s all about…
“Do I use the
singular or pluralform of the verb?”
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1. Everyone ____ arrived at the restaurant. (a) have (b) has2. Some flowers ____ spilled on the floor. (a) is (b) are3. Some rice _____ spilled on the floor. (a) is (b) are4. All the food ____ eaten at the dinner. (a)was (b) were5. All the people _____ satisfied after the meal. (a) was (b) were
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6. Each of the guests ____ on time to the party.(a) was (b) were7. ____ each of you finished your meal? (a) Has (b) Have8. The prince as well as the princess ____ born in February. (a)was (b) were9. The dog, along with the cat, ____ sleeping in the yard. (a) is (a) are10. Sir Ruel, together with his friends, were travelling to Ormoc.(a) was (b) were
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A: Some of the water are gone.B: Some of the water is gone.
A: Everyone has done their homework
B: Everyone have done their homework
Example 1: Singular or Plural?
A: Everyone has done their homework
B: Everyone have done their homework A: Some of the water are gone.
B: Some of the water is gone.
singular?
plural?
plural
plural
singular
plural
Plural?Singular?
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Method 1: Visual ReinforcementUse a spatial visual aid, like a chart or table, to help students memorize rulesAlways
SingularSingular or Plural
Always Plural
Anyone Some All of us
Everyone All Many
Someone None
No one
Nobody
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Always singular
Anyone is eligible for the scholarship.
Everyone has done their homework
Nobody is an expert on everything.
his or her
Always Singular
Singular or Plural
Always Plural
Anyone Some All of us
Everyone All Many
Someone None
No one
Nobody
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All of the textbook is incorrect.All of the answers in the textbook are incorrect.All of the textbook is incorrect.All of the answers in the textbook are incorrect.
Some of the water is goneSome of the beads are gone.Some of the water is gone.Some of the beads are gone.
Singular or Pluralnot countable
countable
not countable
countable Always Singular
Singular or Plural
Always Plural
Anyone Some All of us
Everyone All Many
Someone None
No one
Nobody
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Always Plural
All of us are going to the beach.Many were at the seminar.
Always Singular
Singular or Plural
Always Plural
Anyone Some All of us
Everyone All Many
Someone None
No one
Nobody
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Example 2: Singular or Plural?
A: Each of the students is responsible.
B: Each of the students are responsible.
plural subject
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Method 2: Natural/Communicative Language Teaching TheoryInstead of telling the answer, the teacher models correct
grammar:
Teacher: “Is each of the students responsible for their homework?”
Student: “Yes, each of the students is responsible for their homework.”
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Rule: each, everyone, and everybody are
always singular!
Right: Each of the students is responsible
Wrong: Each of the students are responsible
even though the noun is plural
“each” alwaysacts as singular
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Naka gets?
T: “Is the skills enhancement seminar fun?”S: “Yes, the skills enhancement seminar is fun.”
T: “Are the topics interesting?”
S: “Yes, the topics are interesting.”
T: “Is all of you awake?”
S: “All of us are awake!”S: “Everyone is awake!”
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Naka gets?
T: “Has each of you eaten breakfast?”
S: “Yes, each of us has eaten breakfast.”
T: “Is everyone following the instructions?”
S: “Yes, everyone is following the instructions.”
T: “Does everyone like ampalaya?”
S: “No, everyone does not like ampalaya!”
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Example 3: Singular or Plural?
A: Diane as well as her friend is going to the store.
B: Diane as well as her friend are going to the store.
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Method 3: Total Physical Response
Students physically act out grammar rules:
DIANE
ISGOING TO THE STORE
ARE
ALONG WITH
HER FRIEND
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Rule 1: inserted phrases do not change the subject from singular to plural
Yes: Diane along with her friend is going to the store.
No: Diane along with her friend are going to the store.
Rule 1: inserted phrases do not change the subject from singular to plural
Yes: Diane along with her friend is going to the store.
No: Diane along with her friend are going to the store.
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Inserted phrases
Rule 2: the conjunction “and” does change the subject from singular to plural
No: Diane and her friend is going to the store.
Yes: Diane and her friend are going to the store.
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Naka Gets? Singular or Plural?
DIANEHER FRIEND
GOING TO THE STORE
AND
ARE
IS
MA’AM ARLENE
SIR RUEL
COMING WITH ME
ALONG WITH
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1. Everyone ____ arrived at the restaurant. (a) have (b) has2. Some flowers ____ spilled on the floor. (a) is (b) are3. Some rice _____ spilled on the floor. (a) is (b) are4. All the food ____ eaten at the dinner. (a)was (b) were5. All the people _____ satisfied after the meal. (a) was (b) were
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6. Each of the guests ____ on time to the party.(a) was (b) were7. ____ each of you finished your meal? (a) Has (b) Have8. The prince as well as the princess ____ born in February. (a)was (b) were9. The dog, along with the cat, ____ sleeping in the yard. (a) is (a) are10. Sir Ruel, together with his friends, were travelling to Ormoc.(a) was (b) were
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Tapos Na!
Questions? Comments? Violent Reactions?
Say “Uhh”!
“I am going to go to the internet for some information on breakfast.”