Download - What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances
![Page 1: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What are rocks made of?
![Page 3: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Minerals are not made by people; they are …
…naturally occurring substances.
![Page 4: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Name four properties (or clues) that scientists use to identify minerals.
Color, luster, streak, and hardness
![Page 5: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Which property means the way the light bounces off the mineral?
![Page 6: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
What words can be used to describe a mineral’s luster?
Glassy, dull, shiny, greasy
![Page 7: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why is color not a good property to use to identify a mineral?
Many minerals have the same color.
slate limestone
![Page 8: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
What are three testers that can be used to determine a mineral’s hardness?
fingernail, penny, nail
![Page 9: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
What type of rock is formed when magma cools and hardens?
![Page 10: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
There are two types of Igneous rocks
Intrusive in side the earthExtrusive out side the earth
![Page 11: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Granite is an example of an Intrusive Igneous Rock
It forms under the Earths surface from the cooling of magma
Intrusive igneous are usually rough to the touch unless they are polished
Examples: Kitchen CountersThe Continental Crust of the Earth
is primarily made of Granite
![Page 12: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Other examples of Intrusive Igneous Rocks:
Gabbro Andesite Diorite
![Page 13: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Examples of Extrusive Igneous Rocks
• Basalt is an example of an Extrusive Igneous Rock
• The Oceanic Crust is made primarily of Basalt – Basalt is formed from lava
on the crust of the Earth. – Because it is formed on the
surface, the crystals are very fine-grained
![Page 14: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Other examples of Extrusive Igneous Rocks
Obsidian Rhyolite Scoria
![Page 15: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What type of rock is formed when weathering and erosion cause sediments to press together in layers?
![Page 16: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Sedimentary RocksSedimentary rocks are formed by the
accumulation of sediments.
Sediments include materials from sand grain size to boulder size
![Page 17: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
• Clastic Sedimentary Rocks are formed from mechanical weathering debris
• Mechanical weathering takes place when rocks are broken down without any change in the chemical nature of the rocks
Breccia Conglomerate
Sandstone Shale
![Page 18: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
• Chemical Sedimentary Rocks form when dissolved materials precipitate from solution
Halite
Limestone
![Page 19: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Organic Sedimentary Rocks
• Organic Sedimentary Rocks form from the dead plants and animals and their debris.
• Coal and fossiliferous limestone are examples of organic sed. Rock
Fossiliferous Limestone
Coal
![Page 20: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What type of rock is formed when change occurs from heat and pressure in the Earth?
![Page 21: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Metamorphic Rocks Metamorphic rocks have been modified (changed) by
heat, pressure and chemical process
usually while buried deep below Earth's surface.
There are two basic types of metamorphic rocks: Non-foliated Foliated
![Page 22: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Foliated Metamorphic Rocks
• Foliated metamorphic rocks: have a layered or banded appearance known as a foliation
Gneiss
Schist Slate
![Page 23: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Non-Foliated Metamorphic Rock
• Non-foliated metamorphic rocks such as marble and quartzite
• do not have a layered or banded appearance
![Page 24: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Melted rock below the Earth’s surface is called…
![Page 25: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Small bits and pieces of rocks are called…
![Page 26: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The breaking down and wearing away of rocks is called…
![Page 27: What are rocks made of? Minerals are not made by people; they are … …naturally occurring substances](https://reader036.vdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062408/56649ee75503460f94bf87d3/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The movement of sediments from one place to another is called…