WHAT ARE MANGROVES?
Mangue – ‘Grove into the sea’
Halophytes – Salt tolerant plants
Plants that grow at the interface between soil and waterPlants that grow at the interface between soil and water
An ecosystem in inter-tidal zone of seashore, creek, estuary etc.
Evolved around 114 million years ago in tropical and subtropical regions
DISTRIBUTION OF MANGROVES
112 tropical and subtropical countries
Image source: http://indiamangroves.naturalresources.anthro-seminars.net/background/mangrove-distribution/
DISTRIBUTION OF MANGROVES IN INDIAWest Bengal 2,097 sq kmGujarat 1,103 sq kmAndaman & Nicobar Islands 604 sq km Andhra Pradesh 352 sq kmAndhra Pradesh 352 sq kmOdisha 213 sq kmMaharashtra 186 sq kmTamil Nadu 39 sq kmGoa 22 sq kmKerala 6 sq kmKarnataka 3 sq kmAlso in Puducherry and Lakshadweep
52 CREEKS IN
MAHARASHTRA
CHRACTERISTICS OF MANGROVEENVIRONMENT
Image source: http://indiamangroves.naturalresources.anthro-seminars.net
ADAPTATIONS OF MANGROVES
SALT REGULATION THROUGH
FILTRATIONThrough root system(Red Mangrove)
EXCRETIONThrough salt glands(River Mangrove)
STORAGEIn leaves and bark(River Mangrove)
ADAPTATIONS OF MANGROVES
SPECIALISED ROOT SYSTEM
PneumatophoresBreathing roots to overcome oxygen deficiency
Buttress Rootsfor support(Milky Mangroves)
Stilt Rootsfor support(Red Mangroves)
deficiency(Grey Mangroves)
Prop Roots(Red Mangroves)
Cable Rootsfor nutrition(Grey Apple)
ADAPTATION OF MANGROVES
SPECIALISED ROOT SYSTEM
Buttress RootsButtress RootsPneumatophoresPneumatophores Stilt RootsStilt Roots
Prop Roots Cable RootsCable Roots
ADAPTATIONS OF MANGROVES
VIVIPAROUS GERMINATION to ensure reproduction in saline environment
Propagules develop root and leaf system
Matured propagules fall and fix into substratum to grow into mature plants
Germination of seeds and formation of propagules on parent plant
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - PROVISIONING
FOODFruits, leaves
RAW MATERIALTimber, fuel, tannin
MEDICINESAll plant parts of
LIVELIHOODFor fisherfolk
RESEARCH AVENUEFor academia and researchers
Fruits, leaves Timber, fuel, tannin All plant parts of different species
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - PROVISIONING
Regulating air, water and soil quality by photosynthesis and
Enhancing soil fertility by organic detritus
Carbon sequestration:Stocking carbon to control climate changephotosynthesis and
filtrationcontrol climate change
Prevention of coastlineerosion
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - HABITAT
Habitat for genetic
Habitat for aquatic, inter-tidal, terrestrial wildlife
Reproduction site Nursery for fish, prawns, crabs etc.
Habitat for genetic biodiversity
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES OF MANGROVES - CULTURE
AESTHETICSfor urban community
RECREATIONfor youth and old
ECOTOURISMfor local community
The following legislations protect mangroves through coordinated actions of Mangrove Cell of Forest Department, Revenue Department, Police
LEGAL PROTECTION FORLEGAL PROTECTION FORMANGROVE ECOSYSTEMMANGROVE ECOSYSTEM
of Mangrove Cell of Forest Department, Revenue Department, Police Department, Maharashtra Coastal Zone Management Authority and other stakeholders
Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011
LEGAL PROTECTION FORLEGAL PROTECTION FORMANGROVE ECOSYSTEMMANGROVE ECOSYSTEM
Environment Protection Act, 1986
Maharashtra Tree (Felling) Act, 1972
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
ABOUT GODREJ MANGROVESABOUT GODREJ MANGROVES
LOCATION
Vikhroli East, Mumbai
AREA
1750 acres1750 acres
DIVERSITY
16 mangrove &mangrove associate species
ABOUT GODREJ MANGROVESABOUT GODREJ MANGROVES
OWNERSHIP
Godrej & Boyce Mfg Co Ltd and Soonabai Pirojsha Godrej Foundation
ISO 14001:2004 Certified forestISO 14001:2004 Certified forest
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Avicennia marina Grey Mangrove (�तवर)
Commonest on west coast of India
Source of fuel, timber, pickle, cattle feed, tannin
Used as abortive, on fish bites and wounds
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Sonneratia apetela Mangrove Apple (�चपी)
Source of timber, fodder, food (fruits), tannin(fruits), tannin
Prominent knee roots
Grows in unstable conditions, preferred for forestation
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Sonneratia alba Mangrove Apple (�चपी)
Source of timber, fodder, food (fruits), tannin(fruits), tannin
Pollinated by bats
Grows in unstable conditions, preferred for forestation
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Aegiceras corniculatum
River Mangrove (फुगणी/�मरची)
Source of honey, wood, tannin and
fish poisonfish poison
Grows in less saline area
Few in Mumbai
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Bruguiera cylindrica
Orange Mangrove (सरूकांदळ)
Source of firewood, charcoal, tannin
Leaves for blood pressure and fruits
to stop bleeding
Identified by knee roots
Few in Mumbai
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Rhizophora mucronata
Red Mangrove (कांदळ)
Source of firewood, charcoal,
fodder, mosquito repellant, cure for fodder, mosquito repellant, cure for
diabetes, dysentery, hemorrhage
Identified by prominent stilt roots
and pointed leaf apex
Few in Mumbai
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Excoecaria agallocha Milky Mangrove (सडू)
Sap causes skin irritation and blindness
Sap to treat toothache, ulcers and as fish Sap to treat toothache, ulcers and as fish
poison
Bark for planks, matchboxes, fish poles, toys,
floats, cases, tannin
Can grow in dry, saline areas
Being tested for anti-HIV, cancer,
bacterial and viral fevers
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Salvadora persica
Meswak (�मसवाक)
Seeds yield oil for soap industry
Roots as astringent, toothbrush
Leaves as food during famine, drought
Commonest mangrove associate in
Mumbai
GODREJ MANGROVE SPECIES
Acanthus ilicifoliusSea Holly (मारंडी)
Large presence indicates mangrove
ecosystem degradation
Twiny habit and spiny leaves
Grow on high tide mark, lobster mounds
Used as desiccant and to cure
rheumatism, neuralgia, kidney stones,
cold, skin allergy, ulcers,
epilepsy
GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA
TERRESTRIAL FAUNATERRESTRIAL FAUNA
MICRO-ORGANISMSBacteriaFungiFungi
GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA
TERRESTRIAL FAUNATERRESTRIAL FAUNA
INSECTSAnts, Moths, Flies,
Butterflies, Bugs, Bees, Butterflies, Bugs, Bees,
Beetles, Wasps, Dragonflies,
Weevils
GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA
TERRESTRIAL FAUNATERRESTRIAL FAUNA
REPTILES30 species of geckos, lizards, snakeslizards, snakes
GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA
TERRESTRIAL FAUNATERRESTRIAL FAUNA
AVIFAUNA206 Avifauna –Waders, raptors, forest Waders, raptors, forest species
GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA
TERRESTRIAL FAUNATERRESTRIAL FAUNA
MAMMALS4 mammals – Bats, Mongoose, Jackal, Mongoose, Jackal, Wild Boar
GODREJ MANGROVES FAUNAGODREJ MANGROVES FAUNA
AQUATIC FAUNAAQUATIC FAUNA
MOLLUSCSGastropods and others
GODREJ INITIATIVES FOR GODREJ INITIATIVES FOR
MANGROVE CONSERVATIONMANGROVE CONSERVATIONRESEARCHGraduate, Post Graduate and PhD Research ProjectsSurveys by NGOs and Consultants
CONSERVATIONMarine AquariumISO 14001:2004 Certification
Protection from EncroachmentThematic GardensMangrove Nursery
Marine Aquarium
AWARENESSNature Trails Articles in Journals, Magazines and NewspapersAV Presentations
IMPACT OF GODREJ MANGROVE CONSERVATION
Godrej mangroves on West coast of Thane creek are diverse and dense than East coast for its conservation.
Teachers and students, senior citizen forums, NGOs and CBOs, Businesses and Individuals can conserve mangrove ecosystem by
YOUR ROLE IN YOUR ROLE IN MANGROVE CONSERVATIONMANGROVE CONSERVATION
Prevention of tree cutting
Reporting mangrove destruction to Mangrove Cell of Forest Department and Police Departmentcutting Forest Department and Police Department
Vigilance on your neighbourhood mangroves
Following ‘3R Principle to control pollution
Participation in conservation activities of NGOs and CBOs
Understanding nature through visits, books and internet
CREDITSPhotographs
Concept
Design
Dr. Mahesh Shindikar, Hemant Karkhanis,
Laxmikant Deshpande, Abhishek Jamalabad,
Narayan Bhat, Rajesh Srinivasan, www.wikipedia.org
http://indiamangroves.naturalresources.anthro-seminars.net/
Laxmikant Deshpande, Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd.
Sushil Narsian, Indus D’Sign, [email protected]
THANK YOU
Manager
Phone
Wetland Management and Sustainability.Godrej & Boyce Mfg. Co. Ltd.Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli, Mumbai – 400 079
[email protected], [email protected]
+91 22 6796 1097