![Page 1: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
welcome
![Page 2: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
wk¶K cwiwPwZ
‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i
cÖfvlK‰fie Av`k© K‡jR
wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|
![Page 3: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
K‡qKwU ‡gŠj
N a H L i
Z n F e
C r C uK
F r
C s
R b
C a
P
A r
C l
S i
C
‡gŠj ¸wji †Kvb web¨vm †bB|
wPÎ †_‡K †gŠj¸wji ag© ejv m¤¢e bq|
‡gŠj¸wj †Kvb cÖKvi eÜb MVb Ki‡e ejv m¤¢e bq|
![Page 4: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
‡gŠ‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm
• H1 = 1s1
• He2 = 1s2
• Li3 = 1s22s1
• Be4 = 1s2 2s2
• B5 = 1s22s22p1
• Sc21 = 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d1
‡gŠ‡ji B‡jKUªb web¨vm †_‡K †`Lv hvq wewfbœ AiweUv‡j wM‡q যে�মন (s, p, d,--) B‡jKUªb †kl nq|
![Page 5: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i †gŠj¸wj‡K †kªYx wef³ Kiv n‡”Q|
‡kªYx¸‡jv‡K wewfbœ iO Øviv c„_K Kiv n‡q‡Q|
G‡`i †gvU PviwU †kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q|
![Page 6: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
cvV wk‡ivbvg
B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi wfwˇZ †gŠ‡ji †kªYxwefvM
![Page 7: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
wb‡`©wkZ D‡Ïk¨/wkLb dj
1| ‡gŠ‡ji †kªYx wefvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
2| wewfbœ †kªYxi ˆewkó¨ ej‡Z cvi‡e |
3| wewfbœ †kªYxi †gŠ‡ji
D`vniY w`‡Z cvi‡e|
![Page 8: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
B‡jKUªb web¨v‡mi Dci wfwË K‡i †gŠj¸wj‡K Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq
1. s-block †gŠj2. p-block †gŠj3. d-block †gŠj4. f-block †gŠj
‡gŠ‡ji †kªYxwefvM
![Page 9: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
s-block †gŠj ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb
web¨v‡m †kl B‡jKUªbwU s AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K s- block †gŠj e‡j| s-block Element
![Page 10: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Example : S-Block element
Bnv s-block †gŠj
Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 11
Bnvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s1Sodium (Na)
![Page 11: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
s -block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨
1| ch©vq mviwYi MÖ“c IA, IIA Ges k~b¨ MÖ“‡ci He nj s-block †gŠj|
2| s-e K †gŠj †gvU 14 wU|
3| Giv LyeB mwµq|
![Page 12: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
p- block †gŠj t ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m
†kl B‡jKUªbwU p AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K p block †gŠj e‡j|
p-block Element
![Page 13: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Example : P-Block element
Bnv p-block †gŠj
Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 82
Bnvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s23p6
3d104s24p64d10
4f145s25p65d106s2 6p2LEAD (Pb)
![Page 14: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
p- block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨
1| ch©vq mviwYi MÖ“c IIIA, IVA ,VA, VIA,VIIA, Ges k~b¨ MÖ“‡ci He e¨wZZ Ab¨ me wbw¯Œq M¨vm nj p- block †gŠj|
2| p- block †gŠj †gvU 30 wU3| G‡`i wKQz avZz, wKQz DcavZz Ges evwK¸‡jv AavZz|
![Page 15: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
d- block †gŠj t ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m †kl
B‡jKUªbwU d AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K d e K †gŠj e‡j|
d-Block Element
![Page 16: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Example : d-Block element
Bnv d-block †gŠj
Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 80
Bnvi B‡jKUªb web¨vm = 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s2
4p64d104f145s25p66s25d10
![Page 17: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
d - block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨ 1| ch©vq mviwYi MÖ“c IB, IIB, IIIB, IVB ,VB,
VIB,VIIB, Ges VIII MÖ“‡ci †gŠj nj d- block †gŠj|
2| ch©vq mviwYi s I p- block †gŠ‡ji gvSLv‡b G‡`i Ae¯’vb|
3| Giv mevB avZz|4| GB e KwU GLbI A¯ú~Y©
5| hw` †Kvb d- block †gŠ‡ji Avq‡bi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m d-AiweUvj AvswkK c~Y© _v‡K Z‡e Hme d- block †gŠj n‡”Q Ae¯’všÍi †gŠj|
![Page 18: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
f- block †gŠj t ‡h me †gŠ‡ji cigvYyi B‡jKUªb web¨v‡m †kl
B‡jKUªbwU f AiweUv‡j cÖ‡ek K‡i , Zv‡`i‡K f block †gŠj e‡j|
F-Block Element
![Page 19: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Example : f-Block element
Bnv f-block †gŠj
Bnvi B‡jKUªb msL¨v 92
Bnv cÖK…wZ‡Z cÖvß me‡_‡K fvix †gŠjURANIUM (U)
![Page 20: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
f blockf block ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨ ‡gŠ‡ji ‰ewkó¨
1| j¨vš’vbvg cieZ©x 14wU †gŠj Ges A¨vKwUwbqvg cieZ©x 14wU †gŠj GB e ‡Ki AšÍ©fz³|
2| G‡`i MÖ“c me mg‡qi Rb¨ IIIB3| Giv j¨vš’¨vbvBW I
A¨vKwUbvBW bv‡g cwiwPZ|
![Page 21: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
`jMZ KvR
U92 Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm Ki|
Na11, Ca20, Cu29 Gi B‡jKUªb web¨vm Ki Ges 2wU K‡i ˆewkó¨ wjL|
![Page 22: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
evwoi KvR
• d-block ‡gŠj I Ae¯’vš—i †gŠ‡ji g‡a¨ cv_©K¨|
• nvB‡Wªv‡R‡bi Ae¯’vb m¤ú‡K© Rvbv|
![Page 23: Welcome. wk¶K cwiwPwZ ‡fvjvbv_ ¯^i cÖfvlK ‰fie Av`k© K‡jR wmw×cvkv, AfqbMi, h‡kvi|](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070403/56649f2f5503460f94c489f7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
mn‡hvMxZv Kivi Rb¨ Avন্তwiKfv‡e ab¨ev`