Download - Web3.0 or The semantic web
![Page 1: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Web3.0Read, write, execute.
This talk is on the Web3.0 - the next evolution of the web - perhaps?
![Page 2: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Intertubes
Look back to the origins of the web:
![Page 3: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Tim’s dream...
- Tim Berners-Lee invented the web. - web server HTTPD - web browser WorldWideWeb - HTML
“The dream behind the Web is of a common information space in which we communicate by sharing information. Its universality is essential”
![Page 4: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Web1.0
• Online brochures• Text & links• Static broadcast• Very little design
web1.0 young, exciting - a testing ground for hyperlinking and sharing information- web 1.0 - online brochures - extension of the print industry - text & links - universities and government - broadcast - here’s all the info I have - self publishing? - very little design - new, testing ground, learning
![Page 5: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Web2.0
• Online applications• Blogs• RSS• Social• Data creation• Drop-shadows
- web 2.0 - online applications - the web as a platform - blogs - easy self publishing, creating content - RSS - sharing that content - Social - social networking - drop shadows - a distinct design style
![Page 6: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Web3.0
• Data, data, data- semantics- meta data- folksonomy
- web 3.0 - data - years of data building up now we’re working out exactly how to deal with it - semantics - supplying more information to the content being represented. - meta data - giving further meaning to data by applying tags, keywords and data types - folksonomy -users adding their own meaning to the data.
![Page 7: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Semantic Web
1. The semantic web - an intro2. Microformats3. Open data4. Examples
I’ll be covering four main topics1) The semantic web2) Microfomats3) Open data4) Examples
![Page 8: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Semantic web
The semantic web could be called Web3.0. It’s about the data. It’s about accessing that data and doing something useful with it.
![Page 9: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Semantic web the W3C way
TBL is the inventor of the web and the director of the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium)
![Page 10: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Semantic web the W3C way
• RDF RESOURCE DESCRIPTION FRAMEWORK
a framework for de!ning triples of subject, predicate and object
• RDFS RDF SCHEMA
de!ne vocabularies for provding structure to RDF resource
• OWL WEB ONTOLOGY LANGUAGE
reason about classes and individuals de!ned by RDFS and RDF
• SPARQL SPARQL PROTOCOL AND RDF QUERY LANGUAGE
an RDF query language
The semantic web the W3C way is a way paved with Acronyms and hard to implement technologies and languages.
RDF - Resource Description Framework -XML framework for describing and interchanging metadata. (resources, properties and statements)
RDFS - RDF Schema - defines the vocabulary for giving structure to ontologies in this case RDF - ontology: the study of being or existence and its basic categories and relationships.
OWL - Web Ontology Language - an extension RDF. It represents the meanings or terms and the relationships between those terms in a way that aids processing by software
SPARQL - SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language - a language to return info from RDF.
![Page 11: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Semantic web the practical way
The more practical approach to the semantic web is to use technologies and concepts we’re already familiar with.
![Page 12: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Semantic web the practical way
• Correct Markup• Open APIs / Third-party solutions• Microformats
The more practical approach to the semantic web is to use technologies and concepts we’re already familiar with.
- Correct Markup - don’t use tables - make sure the HTML elements you use add value to the data you’re representing- Open APIs - Google Open social - one single API to build apps on top of Social sites like MySpace, Orkut, etc - Yahoo Open Search aka Search Monkey. - set of API’s that let third parties modify search results - Reuters Open Calais - does a semantic markup on unstructured HTML documents - recognizing people, places, companies, and events- Microformats - common set of guidelines for applying further structure to HTML documents.
![Page 13: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Microformats
Microformats. The token nerd picture...
![Page 14: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Microformats
• Simple, open data formats• Built on existing standards you
know & love• For humans first and machines
second • Easy!
Simple, open data formatsBuilt on existing standards you know & loveFor humans first and machines second - RDF, etc is for machines.Easy to impliment and interact with
![Page 15: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Microformats
Microformats are simple conventions for embedding
semantics in HTML to enable decentralized development.
This is taken from the microformats.org website
![Page 16: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Microformats...in English
Tiny bits of code added to your HTML to identify specific kinds of
data, like people or events.
This is actually what it means.
![Page 17: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Microformat types
• People and organisations • Calendars and events • Opinions, ratings and reviews • Social networks • Tags, keywords, categories• Geo locations
Many microformats used to markup specific types of data - including- People and organisations, contact information- Calendars and events, meeting requests, etc- Opinions, ratings and reviews, movie reviews, book reviews- Social networks, how you relate to people online (friend, collegue, etc)- Tags, keywords, categories - folksonomies, etc- Geo locations
![Page 18: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
People and organisations
The humble hCard. the digital business card
![Page 19: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
People and organisations
vCard → hCard
A direct mapping from a pre-existing technology: the vCard. Attached to emails, etc
![Page 20: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
People and organisations
BEGIN:VCARD VERSION:3.0 N:Wood;Darren FN:Darren Wood URL:http://www.markerstudio.com ORG:Marker Studio END:VCARD
vCard standard format
![Page 21: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
People and organisations
<div class="vcard"> <a class="url fn" href="http://www.markerstudio.com/">Darren Wood</a><div class="org">Marker Studio</div> </div>
hCard standard format. vCard + HTML = hCard
![Page 22: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Calendars and Events
The nobel hCalendar. Your day planner
![Page 23: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Calendars and Events
iCalendar → hCalendar
Mapped directly from the iCal/iCalendar format. Meeting requests
![Page 24: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Calendars and EventsBEGIN:VCALENDAR PRODID:-//XYZproduct//EN VERSION:2.0 BEGIN:VEVENT URL:http://www.conferenz.co.nz/2nd-digital-media-summit.html DTSTART:20090311 DTEND:20090312 SUMMARY:2nd Digital Media Summit LOCATION:Rendezvous Hotel, Mayoral Drive and Vincent St, Auckland END:VEVENT END:VCALENDAR
iCalendar
![Page 25: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Calendars and Events
<div class="vevent"> <a class="url" href="http://www.conferenz.co.nz/2nd-digital-media-summit.html ">2nd Digital Media Summit</a> <span class="summary">Digital Media Summit Conference</span>: <abbr class="dtstart" title="2009-03-11"> March 1</abbr>,at <span class="location">Rendezvous Hotel, Mayoral Drive and Vincent St, Auckland</span></div>
hCalendar = iCal+HTML
![Page 26: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
How is this useful?
How are microformats useful?
![Page 27: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
How is this useful?
• Data collection• Third party web app integration• Third party desktop app integration
Allows data to be captured in a simple and quick way. - browser plugins enable us to save and interact with the dataThird party web app integration - services that search for microformatted data - event aggregators - geo locatingThird party desktop apps - feed readers - web browsers - email clients?
![Page 28: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Examples
• http://virel.org/ - search• LinkedIn - hResume, hCard• Yahoo Local - hCard, hCalendar• Realestate.co.nz - hCard, hCalendar• IE8 - support for hAtom• Firefox - plugins available• Safari - bookmarklets
![Page 29: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Open Data
With data that is free and accessible it’s possible to achieve nearly anything!Open data is what Tim Berners-Lee had in mind when he created the web:
![Page 30: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Open Data
“Data is a precious thing and will last longer
than the systems themselves.”- Tim Berners-Lee
“Data is a precious thing and will last longer than the systems themselves.”
And to this end we need to make sure that as much of it is available freely and openly.
![Page 31: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Open Data
• Scienti!c research• Data-driven web
Open Data is a philosophy and practice requiring that certain data are freely available to everyone, without restrictions from copyright, patents or other mechanisms of control. Same ethos as other “Open” movements - Open Source, Open Access.Two major backers:- science nerds- web nerds
![Page 32: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Open Data
• Scienti!c research• Data-driven web
Open Data is a philosophy and practice requiring that certain data are freely available to everyone, without restrictions from copyright, patents or other mechanisms of control. Same ethos as other “Open” movements - Open Source, Open Access.Two major backers:- science nerds- web nerds
![Page 33: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Open Data
• Developing apps without the need for a legal team
• Low barrier to entry• Exciting new mash-ups
What this means online is developing applications becomes infinitely easier.- no need to a legal team to work out copyrights or patents, etc- endless possibilities when we can combine data from tons of different sources- anyone can do it if the data is there and usable
![Page 34: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Free your data
So how do you as a content producer make your data freely available?
![Page 35: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Free your data
• Make use of Open licensing• Creative Commons• GNU Free Documentation License• Open Data Commons Public
Domain Dedication and Licence
Open licensing - there are open licenses for software you may have heard of GPL, BSD, Apache. There are also open licenses for data and content:- Creative Commons - set of licenses to help people share and build upon the work of others - rather than All Rights Reserved it becomes Some Rights Reserved - mainly for creative work (images, text, video, audio) although you can license your s/w under creative commons- GNU Free Documentation License - falls under the copyleft licensing ethos - which means derivative works must be made available under the same or a similar license - principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference (wikipedia)- ODC PDDL - freely share, modify, and use this work for any purpose and without any restrictions - intended for use on databases or their contents (”data”), either together or individually.
![Page 36: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Free your data
• Web service / API• RSS/HTML/Microformats• REST• SOAP
Create a Web Service. software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network. It doesn’t have to complex. Some examples of apis:- RSS/Markup/Microformats - simple, and achievable without any real know-how - there are many tools which can easily aid with the data mining of these simple markup languages. Magpie, SimpleXML, XPath- RESTful API - quickest and easiest API to develop - “Representational state transfer” - runs on top of HTTP - your browser makes a request to a URL and receives a response. - a nifty interface for accessing the calls to backend methods/properties/objects, etc- SOAP - for the hardcore backend systems - a protocol for exchanging XML-based messages over a network.
![Page 37: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Examples
Some examples of websites that use the techniques and ideas we’ve just covered
![Page 38: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
http://openstreetmap.org
Most map data isn’t free. These guys created their own maps to use for free and to build on.A Wiki World Map. What they say on their edit page:“Dont copy from other maps; Only map places you’ve been; Have fun”Creative Commons licence.
![Page 39: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
http://everyblock.com
filters an assortment of local news by location so you can keep track of what’s happening on your block, in your neighborhood and all over your city, including:- Building permit actions, Crime reports, Graffiti cleaned, Liquor licenses, Property sales, Restaurant inspections, Street condition reports- make full use of open data and API’s
![Page 40: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
http://zoodle.co.nz
New site in NZ. gives heaps of info about a specific property:home's value, local house prices, neighbourhood stats, schools, communities etc.- joint effort between Realestate.co.nz and Terralink
![Page 41: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
http://www.skittles.com
Launched last week, but instead of the wikipedia background they had search.twitter.com/ showing the search result for “skittles”Instead of using the API (both Wikipedia and Twitter have an open API) they’ve opted to use the actual site. This creates a very exciting and unexpected UI.
![Page 42: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
http://mukuna.co.nz
Is a gig listing website that makes use of vast amounts of freely available data.- wikipedia- youtube- google maps- flickr And as an added bonus it makes all that aggregated content available for free in several formats.- Web (Creative Commons)- a RESTful API- Microformats- SMS
![Page 43: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
http://last.fm
A stunning example of creating a vast amount of data as well as using other data. It does two things:- Scrobbling. A small bit of software sits on your computer and as you listen to music it sends the name of the song and artist to the last.fm database- allows for recommendations- music organisation
![Page 44: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
http://last.fm
And collects information about Artists- Info from Wikipedia- Photos from Flickr- Video from Youtube- Event information provided as microformats- UGC
![Page 45: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
http://www.slideshare.net/darren131
CCAttribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 Generic
This talk is on the Web3.0 - the next evolution of the web - perhaps?
![Page 46: Web3.0 or The semantic web](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022051311/5441f0d6afaf9f5a208b482f/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Images ( Thanks to Creative Commons)http://www.!ickr.com/photos/stollerdos/183613210/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/vormplus/2189643926/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/dunechaser/134672022/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/jvk/104571401/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/adactio/169053620/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/kt/32660952/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/joelanman/366190064/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/oskay/1425036129/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/16038409@N02/2326310839/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/gi/121409547/http://www.!ickr.com/photos/marchnwe/2826888218/
This talk is on the Web3.0 - the next evolution of the web - perhaps?