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W.E.B. DuBois
I Know Why the Caged Bird SIngs
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Early Years
• Born Feb. 23, 1868 in Great Barrington, MA
• William Edward Burghadt Du Bois-full name
• Father was French Haitian
• Did not know his biological father, he left when he was young—but he was close to his mother.
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Early Years
• W.E.B’s mom had a stroke and was unable to work, therefore they depended on the few jobs that W.E.B. could do, and kindness from relatives.
• W.E.B. believed he could improve their lives through education
• Many recognized W.E.B’s intelligence, and encouraged him to further his education.
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University Education
• 1888-Du Bois was awarded a degree from Fisk University
• After graduation, Du Bois managed the Fisk Glee Club, and the club was employed by a luxury resort in Minnesota.
• Du Bois worked as the manager of the glee club and as a waiter at the resort.
• He was disgusted with the drinking and rude behavior from the rich white guests, and this left a deep impression on young Du Bois.
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• 1888-Du Bois entered Harvard College
• He earned a B.A. from Harvard in 1890, and received a stipend to attend the University of Berlin.
• 1895-Du Bois, first African American to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard
• Du Bois wrote 22 books.
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Civil Rights Activism
• Was a contemporary of Booker T. Washington
• Du Bois was one of the founding members of the NAACP
• Worked for 25 years as the Editor-in-chief for the NAACP’s publication The Crisis
• He published AA writers Langston Hughes and Jean Toomer.
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Marcus Garvey vs. Du Bois
• During 1920’s-Du Bois and Garvey were at odds.
• Du Bois questioned whether African Americans could ever be seen as equals in American society, and Garvey questioned whether African Americans would always be treated as 2nd class citizens.
• They could never agree on the view of the AA in American society, and were seen as enemies.
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Washington Vs. DuBois
• BW wanted self-help and vocational training for AAs and D Bois thought AAs should seek higher education in the liberal arts.
• Du Bois believed AAs should challenge and question white society on all grounds, but BW believed adjusting and assimilating to the culture, was the way for AAs to move up.
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Death
• Du Bois and his wife were at this time, permanent citizens of Ghana
• Du Bois’s health declined in 1962, and he died at the age of 95 , 1 day before MLK, Jr’s “I Have A Dream Speech”
• At MLK. Jr.’s speech, Du Bois’s death was announced, and there was a moment of silence.