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Weathering and ErosionWeathering and Erosion
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Weathering • Breakdown of rock at or near the
earth’s surface
• 2 types of weathering– Mechanical– Chemical
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Mechanical WeatheringMechanical Weathering: no change : no change in chemical composition--just in chemical composition--just disintegration into smaller piecesdisintegration into smaller pieces
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Mechanical WeatheringMechanical Weathering
• Types of Mechanical weatheringTypes of Mechanical weathering– Frost heaving and Frost wedgingFrost heaving and Frost wedging– Plant rootsPlant roots
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Frost WedgingFrost Wedging: water freezes in a : water freezes in a crack and breaks it apart (MOST crack and breaks it apart (MOST COMMON TYPES OF MECHANICAL)COMMON TYPES OF MECHANICAL)
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Frost HeavingFrost Heaving
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Plant RootsPlant Roots
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Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering: changes or : changes or alters as a result of chemical reactionsalters as a result of chemical reactions
CaCO3+CO2+H2O ---> Ca2+ + 2HCO3-
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Chemical WeatheringChemical Weathering
• The agents of chemical weatheringThe agents of chemical weathering– WaterWater– Acid RainAcid Rain
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WaterWater
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Acid RainAcid Rain• Compounds from burning coal, oil Compounds from burning coal, oil
and gas react with water forming and gas react with water forming acids.acids.
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1908 1969
Acid rain has eaten away this limestone statue.
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ErosionErosionThe movement of weathered materials by
water, wind, or glaciers
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Water Erosion forms the Water Erosion forms the largest canyons and the largest canyons and the
deepest valleysdeepest valleys
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Wind ErosionWind Erosion
•Picks up small particles.
•Usually in areas of little water or little vegetation
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Wind ErosionWind Erosion
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Erosion by Glaciers that were Erosion by Glaciers that were formed over many years as ice and formed over many years as ice and
snow are compressedsnow are compressed
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Glaciers can create lakes as they melt
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