WATER POLLUTION AND CHALLENGES
PRESENTATION – 4 JUNE 2008
WATER SERVICES DEPARTMENT
WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WSDPWSDP
The WSDP mentions the following water quality problems:– Umfolozi Catchment
Pollution from sewage plants into the Klipfontein Dam creating eutrophication problems and toxic blooms. No funds to properly correct this problem.
Coal mining has negative impact on WQ in upper reaches Pollution from agriculture and humans leading to high ammonia, nitrate
and phosphate levels– Mkuze/Hluhluwe Catchments
Sedimentation rates high Coal mining has negative impact on WQ in upper reaches The coastal aquifer is susceptible to contamination due to high
permeability of sands High salinity in lower Mkhuze catchment
– Pongola Catchment Saline and nutrient enriched return flows from irrigation Groundwater can be saline on the Makhatini Flats
WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WATER QUALITY ISSUES IN WSDPWSDP
Way to address these issues:– Non point source pollution must be assessed and
strategies developed to curb this. This requires national, WMA, and catchment level approaches to over irrigation and excessive fertilisation
– Mine licensing, operations and closure policies need to be considered and managed. Staff and resources need to be allocated to achieve this
– Proper supervision of borehole drilling will greatly reduce the chances of saline water being encountered and will improve the borehole developments
CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED CHALLENGES ENCOUNTERED
The large backlog in water and sanitation services– This leads to people still being reliable on untreated surface
water sources and in some cases even shallow wells in the Umhlabuyalingana LM
– These water sources are prone to faecal contamination The shortage of funding to implement projects The vast area of the District Municipality
– This leads to high implementation costs and logistical problems A shortage of sustainable raw water sources Extended drought conditions experienced in the district Skills shortages
WATER QUALITY AREAS OF CONCERNWATER QUALITY AREAS OF CONCERN• Due to some areas reliance on untreated surface water the DM has
always had a high risk of cholera outbreaks in times of flooding– This is being addressed by addressing the backlog in water
services as shown in previous slides Mtubatuba Water Treatment Works is under capacitated and has to
deal with high levels of manganese– This is being addressed by sourcing funding from the DBSA for an upgrade
of the system
Hand dug wells in the Manguzi area in the sandy conditions that become contaminated from Pit Latrines nearby– This is being addressed by the Kwangwanase and Enkanyezini and other
large CWSS
High levels of iron in boreholes in Manguzi Area– These boreholes are going to be used for the Kwangwanase CWSS and will
be pumped to a specially designed Water Treatment Works
Relationships Between Role-playersRelationships Between Role-playersDWAF National is working with DM on the
Water Conservation and Demand Management Project
DWAF Province is running training workshops with the DM on water quality management and reporting
We are currently establishing an M&E Unit through a DWAF initiated project
Awareness ProgrammesAwareness ProgrammesProgrammes with the Dept of Health are
undertaken throughout the district that address the following:– User education for VIP’s– Education on washing hands (local wash campaigns)– Water conservation and demand management (incl.
Water quality)– PHAST
Monthly community meetings with stakeholders
Monthly Reports to DWAFMonthly Reports to DWAFMunicipality Jozini Municipality
Sample Point Description Jozini WTW Final Makhonyeni WTW Final
Sample ID KZUMJO-001 KZUMJO-002
Sample Date 2008/01/15 2008/01/15
Alkalinity (mg/L as CaCO3) 122.0 120.0
Calcium (aesthetic/operational) (mg/L as Ca) 18.0 18.0
Calcium Carbonate Dissolution Potential (mg/L as CaCO3) c c
Electrical Conductivity (aesthetic) (mS/m) 30.0 31.0
Faecal Coliforms (health) (count per 100 mL) 0.0 0.0
Free Chlorine Residual (operational) (mg/L) 1.5 1.6
Iron (aesthetic/operational) (mg/L as Fe) 0.1 0.2
Fluoride (health) (mg/L as F-) 0.3 0.4
Calcium Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 46 44
Magnesium Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 62 70
Total Hardness (mg/L as CaCO3) 108 114
Heterotrophic Plate Count (operational) (count per 1 mL) 1 1
Magnesium (aesthetic/health) (mg/L as Mg) 15 17.0
pH (aesthetic/operational) (pH units) 7.9 7.9
Total Coliforms (operational) (count per 100 mL) 0 0
Total Dissolved Solids (aesthetic) (mg/L) 192 198
Temperature (º C) c c
Turbidity (aesthetic/operational/indirect health) (NTU) 0.6 434
Most Prominent Treatment FacilitiesMost Prominent Treatment FacilitiesUmhlabuyalingana LM Manguzi WTW
Shemula WTW
Mseleni WTW
Mbazwana WTW
Jozini LM Mkuze WTW
Ubombo WTW
Makhatini Schemes
Jozini WTW
Nondabuya WTW
Big 5 False Bay LM Hluhluwe WTW
Hluhluwe Masibambane WTW
Hlabisa LM Hlabisa WTW
Nkolonkotha WTW
Mtubatuba LM Mtubatuba WTW
Funds Available for Water Quality Funds Available for Water Quality IssuesIssues
The shortage of funds is seen as the biggest restriction in addressing water quality and quantity issues
The backlog in providing potable water has the biggest negative impact on water quality issues as people are reliant on untreated raw water sources
With current cash flow projections the backlog for the Umkhanyakude DM will be addressed by the 2019/2020 financial year
This is based on current MIG cash flow allocations
Equitable Share AllocationEquitable Share Allocation
Financial Year
Equitable ShareOperational
CostsRevenue
GeneratedAmount Funded From
Equitable Share
Percent of Equitable Share Spent on Water
Operational Costs
Amount Remaining For Other DM Admin
Costs
07/08 R 68,404,000.00 R 57,000,000.00 R 28,000,000.00 R 29,000,000.00 42.40% R 39,404,000.0008/09 R 70,838,000.00 R 65,550,000.00 R 30,800,000.00 R 34,750,000.00 49.06% R 36,088,000.0009/10 R 88,586,000.00 R 75,382,500.00 R 33,880,000.00 R 41,502,500.00 46.85% R 47,083,500.0010/11 R 110,074,000.00 R 86,689,875.00 R 37,268,000.00 R 49,421,875.00 44.90% R 60,652,125.0011/12 R 126,585,100.00 R 99,693,356.25 R 40,994,800.00 R 58,698,556.25 46.37% R 67,886,543.7512/13 R 145,572,865.00 R 114,647,359.69 R 45,094,280.00 R 69,553,079.69 47.78% R 76,019,785.3113/14 R 167,408,794.75 R 131,844,463.64 R 49,603,708.00 R 82,240,755.64 49.13% R 85,168,039.1114/15 R 192,520,113.96 R 151,621,133.19 R 54,564,078.80 R 97,057,054.39 50.41% R 95,463,059.5815/16 R 221,398,131.06 R 174,364,303.16 R 60,020,486.68 R 114,343,816.48 51.65% R 107,054,314.5716/17 R 254,607,850.72 R 200,518,948.64 R 66,022,535.35 R 134,496,413.29 52.82% R 120,111,437.42
Funds Available for Water Quality Funds Available for Water Quality Issues Cont….Issues Cont….
The high operational costs of running the water treatment plants and other water related operations vs the small amount of revenue being generated means that there are few funds available to address the backlog
Technical and Scientific SkillsTechnical and Scientific Skills
An interim agreement has been in place appointing Mhlathuze Water as the WSP for the Operations and Maintenance of all schemes in the district
Linked to this Mhlathuze has been involved in the operations of the existing Water Treatment Works throughout the district
Mhlathuze has an in-house laboratoryUmkhanyakude has appointed WSSA to operate
the Mtubatuba WTW as well as other package plants in use
Assistance Provided From DeptsAssistance Provided From Depts DWAF regional works closely with the Umkhanyakude
DM with the planning and implementation of large capital projects and regional master planning
Mhlathuze Water has been involved with the O&M of schemes in the district through a partnership agreement with the DM
DPLG through the DLGTA has supported the DM with funding for programmes such as Drought Relief, Project Consolidate and Feasibility Studies for water supply schemes
The Dept of Health Environmental has been actively involved with sanitation awareness campaigns and PHAST