Download - Water Notes:
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Water Notes:
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Water:
Composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atoms
H2OPolar Molecule
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Polarity:
Unevenly distributed charges due to unequal forces placed on bonding electrons
Oxygen ends slightly negativeHydrogen end slightly positive
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Results of Polarity:
Allows water to form Hydrogen Bonds
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Result of Polarity:
Hydrophilic: All polar molecules attracted to water
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Result of Polarity:
Hydrophobic: Repels non-polar substances such as water
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Stabilizes Temperature:
Hydrogen bonds between molecules absorb heat energy, thus molecules do not move faster, therefore temperature does not rise as quickly
Need more heat energy to change temperature
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Cohesiveness:
Hydrogen bonding locks molecules together
Surface Tension: Cohesion at the water’s surface
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Cohesiveness:
Adhesion: when water attaches to non-water molecules
ADHESION
COHESION
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Cohesiveness:
Capillary Action: Movement of water up
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Universal Solvent:
Ions and polar molecules readily dissolve in water
Substances such as salt are pulled apart by attraction of opposite charges due to polar structures
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Density:
Water has a density of 1g/mLOne of the few substances that is less
dense as a solid than liquidDue to hydrogen bonding and resultant
pockets
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Water Cycle
The constant cycling of water within atmosphere and lithosphere
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Condensation
Water vapor condenses into liquid water
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Precipitation
Liquid/solid water falls to the Earth
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Evaporation
Liquid water heats up, changes to water vapor and enters the atmosphere
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Transpiration
The evaporation of water from plants
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Runoff
Water not absorbed into the soil runs down the landscape by gravity