Download - Waste Management
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Company
LOGO
WASTE MANAGEMENTWASTE MANAGEMENT
Venkatesh KBS
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Waste management is the collection, transport, processing or disposal of waste materials, usually ones produced by human activity, in an effort to reduce their effect on human health or local amenity.
Waste management can involve solid, liquid or gaseous wastes, with different methods and fields of expertise for each.
3R Reduce-Reuse-Recycle
Sources of waste for European Environment Agency countries, 1992-1997
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According to a study done by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI), annual per capita municipal solid waste generation in India is projected to grow from 1 to 1.33 percent, which would lead to a generation of over 260 million tones of waste by 2047.
Methane emissions from landfills are projected to reach 39 million tones by 2047, from 7 million tones in 1997.
On the other hand, waste management responses have not kept pace with the increasing quantities of waste resulting in
(a) a high proportion of uncollected waste, and (b) poor standards of transportation, storage, treatment and disposal
WASTE IN INDIAWASTE IN INDIA
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About 0.1 million tonnes of municipal solid waste is generated in India every day. That is approximately 36.5 million tonnes annually.
Per capita waste generation in major Indian cities ranges from 0.2 Kg to 0.6 Kg.
Difference in per capita waste generation between lower and higher income groups range between 180 to 800 gm per day.
The urban local bodies spend approximately Rs.500 to Rs.1500 per tonne on solid waste for collection, transportation, treatment and disposal. About 60-70% of this amount is spent on collection, 20-30% on transportation and less than 5% on final disposal.
WASTE OR RESOURCEWASTE OR RESOURCE
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INTEGRTAED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
INTEGRTAED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
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MAINTENANCE
ADOPTION
TRIAL
EVALUATIONINTEREST
AWARENESS
PUBLIC EDUCATION & INVOLVEMENTPUBLIC EDUCATION & INVOLVEMENT
News release, news articles, guest spots on radio, flyers,Posters, billboards, commercials,
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AWARENESS
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Decide-announce-defend3 Phase framework
FACILITY SITING & PERMITTINGFACILITY SITING & PERMITTING
Identifying the problemIdentifying the problem
Choosing site feasibilityChoosing site feasibility
Assigning alternativesAssigning alternatives
Designing the siting framework
Designing the siting frameworkPlanningPlanning
Phase 1
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Phase 2 : site selection & design Selecting the site
Designing the facility Phase 3 : Implementation
Operations Management Closing future & land uses
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Developing a waste manangement program
Developing a waste manangement program
Characterizing community’s waste is a crucial step
Methods for characterizing waste
Modelling Techniques Physical Separation Techniques Direct Measurement Techniques
Organizing a waste management program
Successful organization focuses on the 5 "Ps planning price publicity politics perseverance
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COLLECTION & TRANSFERCOLLECTION & TRANSFER
Community goals
&
constr
aints
Characteriz
ing waste
generation
System fu
nding
structu
re
Collecti
on procedure
waste
preparation
Collecti
on
equipment
Evaluate transfe
r
needsColle
ction &
Transfer a
lternativ
es
Collecti
on routes
schedules
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Public & private collection/transferPublic & private collection/transfer
Municipal collectionContract collectionPrivate collection
Determining the system funding structure
Property taxFlat fee systemVariable rate systemHybrid funding methods
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Pick up points for collectionPick up points for collection
Curb side/ alley collectionBackyard set out – set back collectionBackyard carry collectionDrop off at specified collection point
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Frequency of collectionFrequency of collection
The greater the level of service, the more costly the collection system will be to operate.
Factors to consider when setting collection frequency include the cost, customer expectations, storage limitations, and climate.
Most municipalities offer collection once or twice a week, with collection once a week being prevalent. Crews collecting once per week can collect more tons of waste per hour, but are able to make fewer stops per hour than their twice-a-week counterparts.
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RECYCLINGRECYCLING
• Designing an efficient recycling program requires a systems approach. Decisions about collecting, marketing, and processing recyclables are interrelated
• An efficient recycling program requires a systems approach—all program components are interrelated; decisions about one must be made with other components in mind. Successful recycling also requires enthusiastic public participation, and programs must be designed with public convenience and support in mind.
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Successful marketing of recyclables
Successful marketing of recyclables
• This requires accurate market knowledge and share decision making
Marketing of recyclables
Identifyingbuyers
Selectingbuyers
Contactingbuyers
Contracting with
buyers
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Ways to collect recyclablesWays to collect recyclables
Residential waste drop off & buy back collectionCurbside collection optionsSource collectionMixed waste collection
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CompostingComposting• Composting involves the aerobic biological decomposition
of organic materials to produce a stable humus-like product. Biodegradation is a natural, ongoing biological process that is a common occurrence in both human-made and natural
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COMBUSTIONCOMBUSTION
• A decision many communities face is determining whether a waste-to energy (WTE) system might be a feasible component of their integrated solid waste management program
•
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LAND DISPOSALLAND DISPOSALThe basis of a good solid waste management system is the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill. MSW landfills provide for the environmentally sound disposal of waste that cannot be reduced, recycled, composted, combusted, or processed in some other manner Landfill is a waste disposal site for the deposit of the waste onto or into land (i.e. underground), including: Internal waste disposal sites (i.e. landfill where a producer of waste is carrying out its own waste disposal at the place of production), and a permanent site (i.e. more than one year), which is used for temporary storage of waste, but excluding
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU