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Washington’s Issues:Washington’s Issues:Foreign & DomesticForeign & Domestic
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Whiskey Tax Receipt, 1794
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The TaxThe Tax• Hamilton tries to
increase revenue for the U.S. Government
• Tax on whiskey Tax on whiskey passed by Congress in 1791in 1791
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Alcohol in Western Alcohol in Western SocietySociety
• Made from excess corn, whiskey was very important to western economy
• Grain that had been distilled into whiskey was made a lot of profit
• Whiskey was a form Whiskey was a form of currency of currency to trade for what they needed
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Whiskey Whiskey ProductionProduction
Large scale business• Paid tax annually
– 6¢ per gallon
• Passed cost on to consumer
Small scale personal• Couldn’t pay the
tax annually
• Didn’t sell it, couldn’t pass cost on to consumer
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Rebellion BeginsRebellion Begins• From
Pennsylvania to Georgia western farmers refuse to pay tax
• Efforts to collect the tax were increased in 1794
• Tax collectors Tax collectors were attackedwere attacked
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Rebellion LocationRebellion Location
RebellioRebellion in the n in the western western part of part of the statethe state
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Washington Takes Washington Takes ActionAction
• Washington calls Washington calls up over 13,000 up over 13,000 militia troops militia troops
• Harry Lee is put in command (father of Robert E. Lee)
• Washington rides at the head of the troops
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End of RebellionEnd of Rebellion• Militia breaks up Militia breaks up
rebellionrebellion
• Rebels were Rebels were arrestedarrested
• Washington offers pardons pardons in exchange for in exchange for oaths of loyaltyloyalty
Washington reviews the troops - Washington reviews the troops - Carlisle, Pennsylvania September 1794Carlisle, Pennsylvania September 1794
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• Began the year of year of Washington’s inaugurationWashington’s inauguration
• Originally seen as a good thing until it became violent
• Many Americans hated the violence; attacks on religion, disregard of individual liberties
• Britain declared war to Britain declared war to take advantage of a weak take advantage of a weak French gov’tFrench gov’t
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Hamilton attacked Jefferson in the press
Hamilton attacked Jefferson in the press
Jefferson secretly started his own
newspaper
Jefferson secretly started his own
newspaper
The common people, & Jefferson, acknowledged Revolutionary FranceJefferson, acknowledged Revolutionary France
The commercial classes, & Hamilton, preferred Hamilton, preferred EnglandEngland, their main source of business
The country divided into 2 groupsThe country divided into 2 groups
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NEUTRALITYNEUTRALITY • France wanted US to France wanted US to help fight Britainhelp fight Britain– They were our allies in the
American Revolution
• Washington Washington encouraged neutralneutrality – Discouraged American
involvement
• Proclamation of Proclamation of NeutralityNeutrality– Prohibited Americans Prohibited Americans
from fighting overseasfrom fighting overseas– Barred warships in
American ports
• Britain ignored it & Britain ignored it & attackedattacked
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American TreatiesAmerican Treaties• Washington sent John Jay,
chief justice of the Supreme Court, to negotiate a treaty
• Jay’s TreatyJay’s Treaty– British must withdraw from British must withdraw from
America, pay damages, & America, pay damages, & allow some ships to trade in the allow some ships to trade in the Caribbean Caribbean
• Many Americans wanted trade with British West Indies, which it did not open– Many Americans did not like
the treaty
• Pinckney's TreatyPinckney's Treaty– Thomas Pinckney created a Thomas Pinckney created a
treaty with Spain to resolve treaty with Spain to resolve trade on the Mississippi Rivertrade on the Mississippi River
• France was outraged & saw this as dealing with the devil
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Washington’s Farewell AddressWashington’s Farewell Address• Farewell addressFarewell address
– AttackedAttacked evils of political partiesevils of political parties/division– AgainstAgainst entangling entangling ourselves in foreign affairs in foreign affairs
• InfluencedInfluenced foreign policyforeign policy for more than 100 for more than 100 yearsyears