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OKTATSI
STRUKTRA
Dek Judit
W A L K I N G
TOURS
I N B U D A P E S T
B U D A P E S T I STK A N G O L N Y E L V E N
Cb .
X )
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Dek
Judit
W A L K I N G T O U R S
IN B U D A P E S T
B U D A P E S T I STK
A N G O L N Y E L V E N
m
PZMVSZETI
KIAD
S NYOMDA
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TARTALOMJEGYZK
BEVEZET 5
I.
G E N E R A L
I N F O R M A T I O N
7
1.1. Generalinformatin 7
1.2. Short history 7
1.3. "Where did the Magyars come from? 11
1.4. Somwords about the names of our C i t y 12
1.5. The route of thecity
sightseeing
tour 13
I . C I T Y S I G H T S E E I N G T O U R
14
2.1. The Ci ty Park 14
2.2. Heroes
1
Square 17
2.2.1. The
Millenary
Monument 17
2.2.2. Statues
of the Colonnade 19
2.2.3.
The Museum of
Fine
Arts and the ArtGallery . . . 28
2 3
Andtssy Avenue 29
2.4. Saint Stephen's Basilica 33
2 5 Liberty Square 36
2.6. Houses of Parliament 37
2 7 The Margaret Bridge and the Island 39
2.8. Buda
side
M a i n Street 42
2.9. Castle
District
Matthias
Church
Fishermen's Basrion . 46
2.10. Tabn and Gellrt H i l l 54
2.11. Elizabeth Bridge Markt H a l l ,
National
Museum,
Astoria
55
2.12. Elizabeth Bridge Franciscan
Church,
Astoria,
Synagogue
59
2.13. Along the
Rkczi Road
62
2.14. Eastern Railway Station 65
2.15. Sport Centre 66
2.16. Back tothe
Ci ty
Park 67
TERMINOLOGY
69
Felhasznlt
irodalom 72
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Walking toursinBudapest
BEVEZET
T I S Z T E L T O L V A S
rmmel
dvzlm a Budapesti stk
angol nyelven"
minden olvasjt.
Nzzk meg elszr is,hogy mi clbl kszlt ez a knyv
Elssorban a leend, kezd idegenvezetknek kvn
alapanyagot
adni,
melybl tanulmnyaik sorn
elindulhatnak.
Remljk,hogye tanknyvet a vgzett idegenvezetk is tudjk
haszno-
stani munkjukban s tallnakbennenhny rdekes informcii.
Harmadszor,de nem utolssorbanazokrais
gondoltunk,
akik nem
szak-
mabeliek,de hozznk hasonlan el
vannak
bvlve
Budapest
szpsgtl
s szvesen forgatnakolyan anyagot,
mely
idegenforgalmiszakmai szem-
pontbl
bvti ismereteiket.
A k i egyszer is olvasott mr tiknyvet, illetve bdekkerszer lerst
brmely vrosrl vagyorszgrl,majdkezbevettegy msikat,biztosfel-
fedezett
aprbb klnbsgeket, illetveazt,
hogy
azegyikbenegyesrszek
bvebbek, mg msok rvidebbek. Van, ahol sok a kis trtnet s
akad,
aholcsaka tnyek, szmok,adatokkzlsre szortkoznak.
A
knyv sszelltsakor nem kvntuk tlszrnyalni sem amagyar sem
az idegen nyelv forrsmunkkat, s a megelz hasonljegyzetekel sem.
Budapest
s radsul az idegenvezets esetben gy rezzk: ezt a munkt
nemlehetbefejezni,
csak
ppen egy idreabbahagyni.Hiszen a mi vrosunk
lland
vltozsok szntere; j hd szletik, pleteketlebontanak,helykre
jak kerlnek,
szobrok
tnnek el s
bukkannak
fel a kztereken. Ezrt kr-
jk kedves olvasinkat,
hogy
segtsenek neknk,
legyenek
alkottrsaink
H agy rzik,
hogy
fontos,rdekes, figyelemremlthozztennivaljuk
van a vrosnzs brmely rszhez jelezzk neknk. Ksznettel vesszk
az
informcit,
ellenrizzk, eltesszk, s a kvetkez, aktualizlt kiads-
ban szvesen felhasznljuk
Remljk minden olvasnak olyan rmet okoz
ajegyzet
olvassa mint
neknkaz
anyag
sszelltsa.
Budapest,
1999. nyarn
5
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Walkingtours in Budapest
I . G E N E R A L I N F O R M A T I O N
L l
GENERAL INFORMATION
Budapest iscalledthe "Pearl of the Danube", the "Queen of the Danube".
Inhabitants of thecapital
city
believethatthis is"simply"amarvelous
city,
and we are glad to
live
here.
Let usstart
with
som generl informatinfirstofallabout our climate.
Hungary
has a Continental climate
which
varies greatly through the
seasons.The
hottest
months are June,Julyand August, when the daytime
temperature
can reach into 30s (Celsius).The coldest month is January,
withan averagetemperatureof just below 0 C. Sometimes we have quite
alot of snow and thetemperaturecan drop to -5 C ,-10 C below zero.A l l
visitors
are happy
with
the weather
here
between
May
and October.
Budapest is situated on the banks of the river Danube and its area is
202squaremiles (525 km
2
).Budais thehil lyside of ourcitywhilePest is
completelyfiat.Pest is twice as big asBuda,and its population is twice as
much
as the population ofBuda.The population of the
city
isjust under 2
millin,the population of the country is alittleover 10millin,
which
means,that20% of the Hungarian citizenslive
here
in the capital.
There are 9 bridges in the capital
city.
It has 23 districts.
The
figure "2"characterizes our capital very wel l .Thecityconsists
of two parts,Budaand Pest; it has two big islands, Margaret and Csepel
Islands; it has about two
miition
inhabitants and about two thousand
years of history.
7.2. SHORT HISTORY
C E L T S
The
very first inhabitants who settled herewere the Celts. Theycalled
their settlement " A K I N K "
which
meansinEnglish:"Abundant Water".
The Celts came
originally from
Francandlived
here
in the 4th and 3rd
centuries
B C
in the neighborhood of theGellrt
H i l l
andTabn(the area
between theGellrt H i l land CastleH i l lon theBudaside).
7
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t - T ,
Walkingtoursin
Budapest
ROMANS
The Ce l i swere
defeaied
by theRomans in 10 A D , and lheformerC elt ic
settlement was turnd into a Romn provinciai capital called A Q U I N
C U M .
The name of the province was Pannnia, while the bordr of the
Romn Empire was the river
Danube.
The RomnlegionsevacuatedPannnia and itscapital by the end of the
century.
There
a re severalremainsfrom
this
time eventoday which can beseen
in
outdoor
and
indoor
museums.Thegolden age of the Romnperiod was
in lhe }*, 2
n d
and 3
l d
centuries.
Aquincum had a population of 40.000. M arkt halls, military and
civilian public baths were built as well as religious shrines and two
amphitheatres. You can see even today the ruins of the Military Town
Amphitheatre, several museums so as the Romn Settlement Museum, lhe
Romn Bath Museum, and the Aquincum Museum.
4
, h
M I G R A T I O N A N DS E T T L E M E N T O F T H E H U N G A R IA N S
Later
onvariouspeoples lived
here,such
as the Huns, Avars and Slavic
tribes
during
the time of the Great Migration inEuropewhich
started
in
the 5'
1
'century.
Ourancestorsthe"Magyars"-Hungarians- arrivedat theCarpathian
Basin and
occupied
it in 896.
Our language is a very difficult one, because
Hungarian
does nol belong
to any big family of languages. The reason for that is thai our ancestors
lived together until the end of lhe 5
lh
century with the ancestors of the
Finns, on territory very
near
to the
Ural
Mountains, between the Kama
and
the Volga rivers. (See more details in the next chapter )
Therefore, our language
belongs
to the Finno-Ugrian family of
languages, so we can say basically it is a Finnish-origin language, which
does not
meanIhatFinns
and Hungarians can understandeach
other.
t
simply meansthatwordswhichwere
probably
usedin the originlcountry
where they livedtogether - like'sun', 'hand', 'head', 'blood', etc. - are
the
same,
and the
melody
o fthese
languages
is
very
similar.
8
The Hungai
thisperiod
the
200years.Thi
doesnot
mean
thatover 300 '
Later
on, c
togetherwith :
taught us
hov*
animaibreede
nameso fplan
Therewere
astrong
inf m
influence
agai
influence.
Summarizii
origin, with a
this
mixturei
why itseems;
Let us com
becamea roy
the invasion