Download - v/z = -g/( r 0 f) r/ x
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v/z = -g/(f) x
Thermal Wind: Stratified Geostrophic Dynamics
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Margules Fronts resulting from Geostrophic Adjustments
Mid-shelffronts
Outer shelffronts
Tidal mixingfronts
Eddies
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Thermal Wind: Atmospheric Jet Stream
1 Jetstream passing north of the UK bringing settled, dry and warm weather2 Jetstream passing further south, causing weather that is unsettled and cool for the time of year
A B
dense(cold)
light(warm)
A
BHorizontalview
Verticalview
v/z = -g/(f) x
x
z
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Thermal Wind: Jet Stream on Nov.-3, 2004
Temperature (color)Height of pressure surface (lines)Winds (arrows)
850-mb (near surface) 300-mb (aloft)
http://opwx.db.erau.edu/~mullerb/Therm_wind.html
v/z = -g/(f) x
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Gulf Stream
Franklin & Folgers (1768)
Brown et al. (1988)
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Density Temperature
Gulf Stream Section
http://kingfish.coastal.edu/marine/gulfstream/p2a.htm
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Gulf streamVelocity sections
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Titan's Atmospheric Temperature and Thermal Winds Ug
Flasar et al. (2005)
(z)
Aug.-22, 2005
(y,z)
Ug(y,z)
N S N S
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July/August 2003 ADCP Survey Volume Flux Summary
-0.77 Sv
-0.92 Sv
-0.91 Sv
-1.03 Sv
+4.3 Sv
-4.8 Sv
Greenland
0.90.10 Sv
1 Sv=106 m3/s ~5 Amazon ~1000 Delaware
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Density
Salinity
Temperature
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ThermalWind
Observed:
cm/s
cm/s
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S
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Across-channel integralof f/g times V0(x)
V0(x)=Vg-VADCP
Vg = relative geostrophicVADCP = observed velocity
Canada Greenland
Estimating Absolute Geostrophic Transport: