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Videography
Video is the technology of electronically capturing, recording, processing, storing, transmitting, and reconstructing a sequence of still images representing scenes in motion.
Videography
The word combines "video" from Latin, meaning "I see" with the Greek terminal ending "graphy", meaning "to write".
The advent of digital imaging in the late 20th century began to blur the distinction between videography and cinematography.
videographer
A videographer may be the person actually operating the Video camera
Or he /she may be the person in charge of
the visual design of a production
TV Display Basics
The television lights up by thousands of tiny dots of phosphors with 3 high-energy beams of electrons.
In most systems, there are three phosphor colours -- red, green and blue -- which are evenly distributed on the screen.
By combining these colours in different proportions, the television can produce the entire colour spectrum.
Understanding TV Camera
Electronic Process
Television is an electronic process which convert light energy into electrical signals
Both TV & film operate by producing a series of rapidly changing still images, or Frames to represent motion of the screen.
Photoelectric Transducers
It translates or Convert Light (Photo) in to electrical impulses (electric)
Pickup Tubes and Charge-Coupled (CCD) are Transducers used in TV Camera
Pickup Tubes and Charge-Coupled (CCD)
Charged Coupled Device (CCD)
CCD is an integrated “chip” that replaces the pickup tubes in the Camera
1st Grid: convert light to electrical charges
2nd Grid: hold electrical charges pattern
3rd Grid: Amplifies charges
Charges pattern or video signal
TV Camera Pickup Tube
Interlace Scanning
Interlacing
In the PAL standard the odd (upper) field is drawn first and the even (lower) field second.
In the NTSC standard, the even (lower) field is drawn first and the odd (upper) field second opposite to PAL.
World television systems
System Lines Frame Rate Usual Color
A 405 25 none
B 625 25 PAL
C 625 25 none
D 625 25 SECAM
E 819 25 none
F 819 25 none
G 625 25 PAL
H 625 25 PAL
I 625 25 PAL
J 525 30 NTSC
K 625 25 SECAM
K' 625 25 SECAM
L 625 25 SECAM
M 525 30 NTSC**
N 625 25 PAL
Cathode Rays Tube
TV Camera Types
Studio CameraENG CameraEFP CameraArial CameraUnder Water CameraSpying Camera
Studio Camera
Turret Camera
ENG Camera
Robotic Camera
Follow me Camera
EFP Camera
Steady Cam
Copters Camera
Gyro Camera
The Gyro Cam helicopter mount not only compensates for vibration, but can also be completely controlled (the pan, tilt, zoom, iris, etc.)
from within the helicopter.
Periscope Lens Camera
A "bug's eye" view of subject matter is possible with a periscope/probe system.
Tele Prompter Camera
Ultra High-Definition Formats
A camera made by DALSA that produces pictures with four times the resolution of the best HDTV cameras.
Television Camera
Panning : Horizontal Movement of Camera
PAN LEFT
PAN RIGHT
Tilting: Tilt Up
Tilt Down
Movement of the Camera Lens
Camera Movement
Dolly: Dolly in Dolly out
Truck: Truck left Truck right
Zoom: Zoom in
Zoom out
Camera Movement
Arc: To move the camera in semi circular path
Camera Movement
Pedestal / Crane:
Up
Down