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Value from waste – Converting a
problem into a resource
Jeremy Bird, IWMI
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Modified from Rockström et al. (2009)
Planetary boundaries
High time for
Resource Recovery
and Reuse!
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What if urban wastes and used water could
have a second life in agriculture and the
reuse is actually safe and viable?
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Where there's muck
there's money
• In many cultures, wastewater reuse and waste composting have a
long tradition, at least at household level.
• The technical knowledge is available.
• It is an apparent win-win situation for the sanitation, environmental
and agricultural sectors.
• Why is there no large compost plant or
wastewater reuse project in every southern city?
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The concept is simple, at least for rural
households
Source: Wikipedia inspired by Peter Morgan
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It is not that simple in our urbanizing world
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www. Vimeo.com/25122496
This means first of all transport COSTSbetween source and reuse
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Atmosphere
Peri-urbanagriculture
Urbanagriculture
Saw-millsBreweries
Poultry farms
Transport/Distribution
Landfill
Fertilizer 1
Fertilizer 2
Food 1
Food 2
Food 3
Consumerproducts 1
Compost 1
SW10
Excre
ta3
SW
3
SW
5
SW
9
SW 11
SW12
Excreta1
WW
1
Gas3
WW
2
BS 1
Rawmaterial
SW 13
Food 4
Consumerproducts 2
Compost 2
Systemborder
Industry
Excreta 2Wood1
Woo
d2
120
1150
13
3200
1700
3200
680
43
230
80
4750
230
530
1010
130
830
220
640
2500
15
90
530
700
<10
18
530
Air1
Air2
Gas5
Gas6
Gas7
400
85
<10
<10
560
Gas1
Gas2
1000
30
<10
Soil
SW
2
640
Leachate
150
Leachate
2110
WW
3
150
SW
6
SW8
7
130
Co-composting
Household
Treatmentof excreta
Scenario 1
Groundwater and surface waters
city level
N t/yr
So
urc
e: S
AN
DE
C/E
AW
AG
It looks easy
But in a city it looks more like this:
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Thus, for converting our larger urban waste problems into a resource, we need strategic partnerships and have to apply robust economics and business modeling.
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Resource Recovery & Reuse (RRR)A research flagship of CGIAR-WLE
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Current Status of RRR program after 18 months
Database of 150+ inspiring RRR business cases
Selection of 60 cases for in-depth analysis (see map)
So far 20 promising business models extracted
Feasibility studies of models starting in 9 cities (map)
Business model implementation targeting 5 cities
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Example of a business model currently being implemented in Ghana as a Private Public Partnership :
Fecal Sludge Valorization
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