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Using Pesticides Safely Krystal W. McDuff
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Why?
Protection of People Animals The Environment
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Pesticide Use
Pesticide Common Sense
Pesticide Safety
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Know Your Pest
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Know Your Resources
Equipment
Manpower
Time
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Know Your Needs
Acres
Equipment
Formulations
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Know Your Limitations
Environments
Certifications
Neighbors
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Aspects of Pesticide Safety
Labels Personal Protective Equipment Pesticide Toxicity Poisoning Signs and Symptoms What to do in an Emergency Storage and Disposal
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Labels
ALWAYS READ THE LABEL Safety Results
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Label Components
Names Formulation Ingredients Manufacturer Registration number Establishment number Signal Words
Precautionary Statement Practical Treatment Classification Directions Reentry Statement Waiting Periods Storage and Disposal
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Label Components
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Pesticide Names
Brand or Trade Name Common Name Chemical Name
Brand= RoundUp Common= GlyphosateChemical = N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine
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Numbers
Registration Number
Establishment Number
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Signal Words
____________________________________________________ Category Signal word required
Approximate amount on label needed to kill an
average person
____________________________________________________ Highly Toxic DANGER A few
drops to one POISON teaspoon
Moderately toxic WARNING one teaspoon to one
ounce Slightly toxic CAUTION over one
ounce
Not toxic not required
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Pesticide Classifications
Restricted Use – may cause unreasonable adverse effects to the environment or humans, even if used as directed.
Unclassified – usually no adverse effects if used as directed.
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Commercial Applicator License
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Formulations
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Pesticide Toxicity
Refers to the ability of a pesticide to cause acute or chronic injury
Hazard = Toxicity X Exposure
Ex. Gasoline and Aspirin
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Types of Toxicity
Acute – usually immediate, obvious, reversible
Delayed – “chronic”, usually from repeated doses
Allergic – immune system response to chemicals
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Acute Effects
Oral – examples: burned mouth, sore throat, upset stomach
Inhalation – examples: pain or tightness in chest
Dermal (skin) – examples: itching, blisters, rash
Ocular (eyes) – examples: irritation, temporary or permanent blindness
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Chronic (delayed) Effects
May appear long after exposure:
TumorsGene effectsMiscarriageImpotenceBirth defectsInfertilitySterilityNervous system disorders
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Types of Allergic Effects
Systemic – as asthma, shock
Skin irritation – rash, blisters, sores
Eye and nose – itchy/watery eyes, sneezing
Will occur with every exposure to the offending chemical
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How Pesticides Enter the BodyDermal Exposure:1. not wearing protective clothing2. not washing hands3. spilling or splashing4. spray or dust drift5. windy applications6. touching treated plants, soil, livestock
Eye Exposure7. Rubbing eyes after use8. Splashes9. Not wearing eye protection
Oral Exposure10. Splashes11. Eating, drinking, smoking before washing up
carefully
Inhalation Exposure12. Working in poorly ventilated areas13. Handling dusts or powders14. Exposure to drift
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Areas of Absorption
Absorption is not equal over the body so make sure to protect yourself!
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Poisoning Signs and Symptoms
Mild = fatigue, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, excessive sweating, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps
Moderate = inability to walk, weakness, chest discomfort, pupil constriction, all of the above, just more severe
Severe = unconsciousness, severe pupil constriction, muscle twitching, running nose, breathing difficulty, coma, death
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Prevention and Preparation
Read the label and follow it to the very last word! Always keep a change of clothes nearby Always keep soap nearby Make sure a water source is present whenever contact with pesticides is
possible Check containers for leaks or cracks before handling. Don’t work alone if possible in case of accident Keep emergency phone numbers close by.
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Emergency Procedures
Depending on the type and degree of exposure:
Call poison control center, 911, or take victim to a hospital WITH THE LABEL OF THE PESTICIDE!
Look at the label for emergency directions Remove any contaminated clothing Wash (with soap) any affected areas of your body
immediately If pesticide gets in eyes, rinse eyes out thoroughly If possible remove the victim from the contaminated area
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Alabama Poison Center
Calling theAlabama Poison Centeris as easy as dialing1-800-222-1222
http://www.alapoisoncenter.org/
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Storage
Choose somewhere away from sensitive areas, that’s not prone to flooding and accessible only to authorized personnel.
The site should be cool, dry, fire-resistant, have preventative measures in place, and have absorptive materials (clay, cat litter, activated charcoal..) and toolsto clean up spills.
Signs should be in place on or around the structure saying “Danger, Pesticides”.
Pesticides should be arranged in an organized way so they don’t cross contaminate, or be confused for another type.
The labels should always be visible.
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Disposal
Labels will indicate how to best dispose of the product you have.
Remember the label is the law!
Triple – rinse
Depending on what type of pesticide you used, containers can be
burned, taken to a landfill, or returnedto the manufacturer
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In Case of Spills……..
Give first aid if needed Block off the area and put up a warning sign Use absorbent material to soak up the spill Shovel material into a leak-proof container Dispose of it as you would excess pesticides
(you may have to call the manufacturer) Do not hose down the area, it will cause the chemical to
spread. You may be able to use bleach, ammonia or lye on it to stop
the chemical action. If it’s a major spill, call the manufacturer for help, the
National Agricultural Chemicals Association Pesticide Safety Team Network, and even local authorities if the spill happened on or near a public highway.
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WORKER PROTECTION STANDARD
Contact Extension for training options
How to comply manual available at; http://www.epa.gov/oecaagct/htc.html
Signs and posters available from EPA And Gemplers 1-800-382-8473
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Questions?