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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Integrated Systems for Agriculture• Overview of USDA Foreign Agricultural Service.
– Mission of the Production Estimates and Crop Assessment Division (PECAD) and estimating World Agricultural Production
– All source methodology and how FAS uses satellite imagery• Integrated Systems Solution
– Information Delivery– Daily Land Observations– Systematic Vegetation Condition Measurements– Rainfall Monitoring using TRMM-MPA– Improving Global Water Availability Monitoring
• Research to Operations– Characterization of Earth Observation Satellites/Sensors– New Research– Benchmarking
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
1 of 2 examples of successful technology transfer from NASA to U.S. Federal Agencies
LACIE & AgriStars pioneer programs for monitoring agriculture with satellites
NRC, http://www.nap.edu/ssb/rapch2.htm
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
FAS missionsperformed by Production Estimates and Crop Assessment Division (PECAD)
• Global Crop Production Information and Analysis core mission– World Agriculture Production (WAP)– World Agriculture Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE)– Market and Food Security Reporting
• FSA Early Warning and Crop Conditions program efficiency– Domestic early warning and disaster response
• USDA Satellite Imagery Archive (SIA) program efficiency– USDA space program leadership and centralized acquisition management
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Monthly Reports
InteragencyCommodity Estimates
Committees
World Agricultural Supply and Demand
Estimates(WASDE)
RELIABLE
OBJECTIVE
TIMELY
TRANSPARENT
GLOBAL
ACCURATE
U.S. Crop Production
(NASS)
Foreign
Crop Production
(PECAD)
SUPPLY
Food Security
Decisions
Global Agriculture Monitoring and Reporting Role
U.S. Demand
(ERS,FSA, AMS)
Foreign Demand
(FAS, ERS)
DEMAND
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Global Crop Production Information and AnalysisCOMMODITY PERCENT OF WORLD
PRODUCTIONCOMMODITY PERCENT OF WORLD
PRODUCTION
BARLEY 81 PEANUT 94
COPRA 94 RAPESEED 97
CORN 89 RICE 94
COTTON 93 RYE 96
COTTONSEED 93 SORGHUM 88
OATS 81 SOYBEAN 99
PALM KERNEL 95 SUNFLOWER 95
PALM OIL 95 WHEAT 88
• PECAD reports estimates of area, yield and production for 80 countries. (384 country X commodity pairs)
• Information is updated monthly and can be found at:– http://www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/wap.cfm
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Convergence of Evidence,
All-Source Methodology
PECAD Models andExpert Analysis
PECAD Ground Truth
Land Remote Sensing
FAS Attaché Ground Truth
AtmosphericRemote Sensing
External Ground Truth(Country Reports/News Services)
Ag IndustryTrade Industry
Gov’t Policy Makers
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
How does the Foreign Agricultural Service use satellite imagery?
1. Aids in yield analysis prior to harvest.2. Aids in crop identification and determining key growth
stages.3. Aids in confirming or denying rumors and discovering
unreported events.
• Why is it useful?1. Objective2. Reliable3. Timely
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Evaluate similar seasons based on vegetation index data.
WESTERN AUSTRALIAN SPOT NDVI
Current Season
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
How does the Foreign Agricultural Service use satellite imagery?
1. Aids in yield analysis prior to harvest.
2. Aids in crop identification and determining key growth stages.
3. Aids in confirming or denying rumors and discovering unreported events.
• Why is it useful?1. Objective2. Reliable3. Timely
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USDA Foreign Agricultural ServiceSatellite Data Over Important
Agricultural RegionsCanola
Victoria, Australia
Field-Level Time-Series AnalysisUsing Landsat TM Satellite
August 19 September 4 September 20 October 22 November 23 December 9
Crop Stage and Field ActivityCoverage: Multi-temporal over
112 days of the 170-day growing season.
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
How does the Foreign Agricultural Service use satellite imagery?
1. Aids in yield analysis prior to harvest.2. Aids in crop identification and determining key growth
stages.
3. Aids in confirming or denying rumors and discovering unreported events.
• Why is it useful?1. Objective2. Reliable3. Timely
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Ukraine
RussianCentralDistrict
RussianVolga
District
RussianSouthernDistrict
Belarus
Independent information that supports or conflicts with in-country reports
-Supports – continue to monitor
-Conflicts – notify country, collect new data and analysis, resolve conflict (if possible)
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Information on Impacts of Disasters is needed quicklyHurricane Mitch
Oct. 1998,Aguan Valley,
Honduras
Before
After
Tropical OilPlantations
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
NASA transfers technology to the user community through partnerships and an “integrated systems
solution” model.
Earth Observation SystemsSPOT VEG/HRVTRMMJason-1 & Topex/PoseidonMODISVIIRSLandsatALI/HyperionGPMIRS-P6
Earth System ModelsSoil moisture (Modified Palmer, Penman-Monteith) Crop yield/stage (Robertson BMTS, EPIC, Hanway, and others)Hazard models (Winter kill and others)US Air Force weather (AGRMET)
Predictions/Forecasts
National and sub-national yield forecast (grains, oil seeds, cotton and rice) Condition forecasts
Observations, Parameters
and Products
NDVI Rainfall Land use Reservoir height Soil moisture Weather Crop condition
Decision Support Tools
PECAD/CADRE Famine Early Warning
Societal Benefit Areas
Global Commodity Forecast, Mitigate climate change, Disaster response
NASA/FAS partnership
Information Delivery
WAPWASDECrop ExplorerCommodity Intelligence Reports
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/cropexplorer
Crop Explorer: Standard Analysis Product Format for Analysis
Information Delivery
Number of Visitors to Crop Explorer
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
JAN
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2003 2004 2005 2006
Sum of VISITS
YEAR MONTH
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Assimilating NASA Results into FAS/PECAD• NASA-USDA/FAS Cost-Sharing• Project Tasks:
– Daily Land Observations
– Systematic Vegetation Condition Measurements
– Rainfall Monitoring using TRMM-MPA
– Improving Global Water Availability Monitoring
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Daily Land ObservationsJan.2004
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Daily Land Observations
July 7, 2004 July 13, 2004
NASA-MODIS Rapid Response Products:
SE Asia Floods
(Bangladesh)
Dhaka
July 13, 2004
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Daily Land Observations from MODISJuly 2006
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Systematic Vegetation Condition Measurements
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Systematic Global
Vegetation Indices
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Cross-Sensor Comparisons
GIMMS @ NASA/GSFC
Systematic Vegetation Condition Measurements
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
TRMM Precipitation
from
NASA GSFC DAACComing soon
PECAD DSS
Integration
Rainfall Monitoring Using TRMM-MPA
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Monitoring Global Water Availability
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Geopositional, Radiometric and Spatial Characterization (Joint Agency Commerical Imagery
Evaluation)
Four targets of opportunity near SSC were selected that are 100s of meters across
– Two gravel pit sand sites
– Large monoculture fields
– Cut grass-amateur golf course
0 200100 Meters 0 400200 Meters
Gravel Pit Sandnear Perkinston, MS
Rye Grass Fieldnear Big Level, MS
Gravel Pit Sandnear Wiggins, MS
Grass Fieldnear Big Level, MS
0 200100 Meters 0 10050 Meters
XW XWXWXW
New Orleans, LA
Gulfport/Biloxi, MS
Wiggins, MS
Stennis SpaceCenter
EE
Gravel Pits
Fields
E
0 5025 km
Specific Target Areas
Highlighted
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Preparing for Future NASA Results• Transition from Research to Operations:
– Daily Land Observations– Systematic Vegetation Condition Measurements– Rainfall Monitoring using TRMM-MPA– Improving Global Water Availability Monitoring
• Prepare for – MODIS -> NPP -> NPOESS – Landsat Data Continuity [http://ldcm.nasa.gov]– Future of Land Imaging [http://landimaging.gov]– GEOSS/JACIE [http:usgeo.gov]
• New Research (SBIR and other funding)• Benchmarking
– Do the new NASA results improve decision making?
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Aqua* AuraCHAMP Cluster (with ESA)FAST GOES-M*Geotail (with Japan) GRACE*ICESat* JASON-1*EO-1* Landsat-7*NOAA-M(POES) PolarQuickSCAT SAGE III (with Russia)SeaWinds* (with Japan) SORCETERRA* TIMEDTRMM* (with Japan)
*Land observations
NASA Earth Observing Systems
AIM Aquarius
CALIPSO CloudSat
CINDI GOES Series*
GPM* LDCM*
NPP* NPOESS*
OSTM OCO
*Land observations
Current Planned
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service
Contact Information
Bob Tetrault
202 690-0130