UNITED NATIONSFRAMEWORK CONVENTION
ON CLIMATE CHANGEIN-SESSION WORKSHOP ON CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
PROMOTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES IN ISOLATED RURAL AREAS IN PERU
Teodoro Sanchez CamposEnergy Programme ManagerITDG- Office for Latin America
Intermediate TechnologyDevelopment group (ITDG)
• Founded in 1966 by EF Schumacher, ITDG is an international group of development organisations with charitable status. Its head office is in the UK, with regional and country offices in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
Rural Energy in Peru Demand and Resources
• High concentration of people in the Andes and Upper Jungle
• Family income, US$ 300 to US$1500 yearly
• Good potential of hydro resources in the Andes and Upper Jungle
• Rural people of the Coast have better opportunity to get electricity from the grid.
• In the lower Jungle the resources are based on PV, Biomass and river current, the last one in small quantities
Lack of financial mechanisms
Lack of affordable technology
Lack of appropriate legal framework
Lack of local capacity
Financial model with public and private participation
•Appropriate technology development and transfer•Build the manufacture capacity
•Appropriate management schemes•Build local capacity
Promotion of an appropriate legal framework
ITDG strategyClean energies: small hydro, wind, solar, biomass
BARRIERS SOLUTIONS
I – COST REDUCTION/APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
Low cost intakes
Low cost channel
Low head turbines
River current turbine
Motor as generator
SMALL HYDRO
Hualgayoc, August 2002Huacho, may 2001
I – COST REDUCCTION/APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
SMALL WIND ELECTRCITY GENERATORS
SOLAR PV
I – COST REDUCCTION/ APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
“Use of rise husk for brickmaking, north of Peru
I – COST REDUCCTION/ APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY
BIOMASSBIOMASS
RESULTS•27 SHPP installed (more than 1.6
MW)•US$ 900,000 allocated•5,000 rural families connected to
electricity •About US$ 3.5 million leveraged•Increased the capital to US$ 700,000•More than 200 micro enterprises
created or strengthened
II- FINACIAL MODELS
REVOLVING FUND FOR THE INSTALLATION OF SMALL HYDRO SCHEMES
Initial capital US$ 400,000, loans from US$ 10 to 50 thousand, interest rate 10% yearly, recovery periods 1 to 5 years
III- MANAGEMENT MODELS
ITDG/ESMAP MODEL
PROPIETARIO
USUARIOEMPRESA
Contra
to d
e co
nces
ión
Pago
por l
a con
cesió
n
Contrato de servicio
Pago por consumo
MANAGEMENT MODEL
ASAMBLEADE USUARIOS
(Organismofiscalizador del
servicio)
Management of SHPPManagement Micro Enterprise
Tariff scheme
US$/kWh
Block I
Block II
Block III
kWh
Training(CEDECAP)
•Operators•Administrators•Leaders and authorities•users
III- DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT MODELS
SHPP AND PRODUCTIVE USES
GENERAL CONCLUSIONES
• The cost of equipment and parts goes down to 1/2 up to 1/5 of the conventional costs
• The cost of operation and maintenance using local human resources goes down to 1/5 up to 1/10 of the conventional costs.
• The sustainability of the schemes improves greatly because of the direct intervention of local people on management and operation.
• The strategy allows the building of the local capacity not only for energy but for other activities
• For faster dissemination, it is necessary the intervention of the government.
• The strategy is replicable