United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
DLDD = Desertification Land Degradation & Drought
Luc GNACADJAExecutive Secretary
Launch of UNCCD Policy Brief
Berlin, Germany23 May 2012
Zero netland degradation -a SDG forRio+20
DLDD*and
Sustainable
Development
Deforestation: 70 to 80 % of expansion of cropland expansion lead to deforestation
What implications for2030: Cropland expansion for food, feed and fuel demand 175 to 220 million ha ?
SustainableDevelopment
Land/Soil
Poverty Food security
EnergyWater
70% rural
80% hunger rural
+50% in 2030+ 120 million ha
Water in Agric 70%
in 2030 +40%
in 2030 +40%
For Agricult-Forests Biodiv-Settlements &
Infrastructure
Status & Trends in Global Land DegradationSource: SOLAW 2011 - FAO
In too many places, achievements in production have been associated with management practices that have degraded the land and water
Biodiversity lossClimate Change
DLDD: Some facts & figures
More than 50% of agricultural moderately to severely degraded
LD directly affects 1,5 billion people globally
75 billion tons of fertile soil disappear/year
12 million ha/Year lost due to drought and desertification
Six million km2 of drylands bear a legacy of desertification
Biodiversity: 27,000 species lost each year due to LD
70 to 80 % of expansion of cropland lead to deforestation
Water Food Energy
Land/Soil
Forest
?Sustainable
Development
DLDD
Extreme Poverty
Increasedto Drought
& Water stress
Food insecurity &
Hunger
Biodiversity Loss
Increased emissions of
GHG
MigrationsInstability & Crises
Deforestation
DLDD has far-reaching impacts
Drought potential worldwide 2000-2098
Source : University Corporation for Atmospheric Research - http://www2.ucar.edu/news/2904/climate-change-drought-may-threaten-much-globe-within-decades
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
DLDD = Desertification Land Degradation & Drought
Drying up The FutureWe Want
DLDD*
U N C C DClimate change will depress agricultural yields in most countries by 2050 given current agricultural practices and
crop varieties
Source: Müller and others 2009. in WDR 2010, Page 145Note: The figure shows the projected percentage change in yields of 11 major crops (wheat, rice, maize, millet, field pea, sugar beet, sweet potato, soybean, groundnut, sunflower, and rapeseed) from 2046 to 2055, compared with 1996–2005. The values are the mean of three emission scenarios across five global climate models, assuming no CO2 fertilization (see note 54). Large negative yield impacts are projected in many areas that are highly dependent on agriculture
Changes in agricultural productivity by 2050 due to Climate change
DLDD & Climate Change
The % of Earth’s land area stricken by serious drought has more than doubled from the 1970s to the early 2000s
Climate change will depress agricultural yields by up to 15-50% in most countries by 2050, given current agricultural practices and crop varieties
Agriculture worldwide accounts for around 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The related deforestation contributes about 11%
“Improved management of the world’s land (including terrestrial carbon) represents one third of the overall global abatement potential in 2030 (and a half in 2020)1. It represents 7Gt CO2e of mitigation in developing countries in 2020, roughly 40% of the 17Gt CO2e of mitigation required globally”
No Carbon neutrality without Land degradation neutrality
Source: World Resources Institute, South Dakota State University, the IUCN and the Global Partnership on Forest Landscape Restoration - http://www.wri.org/map/global-map-forest-landscape-restoration-opportunities
Type 1 – High degradation trend or highly degraded lands: 25%
Rehabilitate if economically feasible; mitigate where degrading trends are high
Type 2 – Moderate degradation trend in slightly or moderately degraded land: 8%
Introduce measure to mitigate degradation
Type 3 – Stable land, slightly or moderately degraded: 36%
Preventive interventions
Type 4 – Improving lands: 10% Reinforcement of enabling conditions which foster SLM
Intervention Options forZNLD
Source FAO SOLAW 2011
Imp
rovin
g
Eco
syste
ms
Imp
rovin
g L
ivelih
oods
Water
Biodiversity loss
Food
Climate Change
Energy
Land Degradation
Neutral World
DLDD
SLM
Land/Soil
Forest GenderMigration
Efficiency ResilienceInclusiveness
For a SDG on Land @ Rio + 20
Sustainable land use for all and by all (in agriculture, forestry, energy,
urbanization
Targets:• ZNLD by 2030• ZNFD by 2030• Drought
preparedness in all droughts prone countries by 2020
Reversing Land Degradation
Poverty eradication
Improving livelihood through pro-poor
policies on Sustainable Land & Water Management
Drought & Water stressImproving water
availability & quality through sustainable
land & water management
Food SecurityPreserving the
resource base for food security – Land productivity/Soil
fertility improvement at the core of all long
term strategies
BiodiversityBiodiversity
conservation through improvement of land
ecosystems’ conditions
Climate changeLand is a win-win
context for adaptation, mitigation & resilience building
Bio EnergiesOpportunities for Bio
energies through biomass production
Avoided Deforestation
Sust. Land Management & Restoration of
degraded Lands as an alternative to Deforestation
Avoiding Forced Migrations
Changing the DAM paradigm
“Degrade-Abandon-Migrate”
LD Neutrality