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UNIT #2 – INDUSTRIALIZATION
LESSON #2 -New Inventions and
Free Enterprise (94-95)
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New Plan for Composition Book:
NEW VOCABULARY
• Thomas Edison
• Menlo Park
• Alexander Graham Bell
• Laissez-Faire
• Free Enterprise System
• Entrepreneurs
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
1. What was America’s role in the “second” industrial revolution?
2. What type of man was the typical entrepreneur in this time?
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Intro to lesson
• What is an invention?
• Give examples.
• What’s the most amazing invention you’ve ever seen?
• What’s the most amazing invention you know exists, but you’ve never seen?
• What SHOULD be invented?
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Intro to lesson
• What is an invention?
• Give examples.
• What’s the most amazing invention you’ve ever seen?
• What’s the most amazing invention you know exists, but you’ve never seen?
• What SHOULD be invented, that nobody’s yet done successfully?
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Start of Industrial Revolution
(England, 1750)
• Most people were living on farms
• Life was hard, but families were close
• Population explosion in late 1700s led to:
– Lots of people willing to work for cheap
• Too many people on farms to sustain population
• People moved to cities, for new opportunity
– Lots of people needing products
• From this, the Industrial Revolution was born
3m
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The “second” Industrial Revolution
• Immigration and births after Civil War
• American industry EXPLODED
• Great men with great minds and great ideas appeared
• They were usually born poor
• But saw opportunity
• Worked hard
• Demanded excellence
• And became self made millionaires
• Powerful… rich men
• Others invented amazing new inventions…
(in USA)
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Inventors of America
• Thomas Edison
– “The Wizard of Menlo Park” (NJ
• Research facility
– Famous from invention of phonograph (1877)
– And lightbulb (1879)
• Alexander Graham Bell
– Experimented with transmitting sound
– Invented the telephone (1876)
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Other big American inventions
• In Menlo Park– Battery
– Motion picture
• Cyrus Field– Trans-Atlantic cable (1866)
• George Westinghouse (Wm Tesla)– Alternating Current (safe electricity)
• Thaddeus Lowe– Ice machine (1865)
• Home inventions– Dishwasher, washing machine, power sewing machine
What did these other men invent?(find out on p. 94)
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Free Enterprise• Early business owners worked hard to get rich
• They resented any government interference
– LASSEZ-FAIRE
– Government should keep hands OFF business
– Believed competition would regulate price
– Believed this way promoted wealth for all
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Free Enterprise
• People willing to risk their $$ to make it rich were called ENTREPRENEURS
• USA became one of biggest trade centers in the world during and after Civil War
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Are YOU willing to make such an investment in yourself…
… and your future?
1:30-8:30Rockefeller
VanderbiltCarnegie