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Understanding Movement Preparation
Chapter 2
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Perception
Indirect Perception
– Symbolic representation
– Series of mental processes
– Comparison with existing memory stores
– Associated with information processing model.
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Information Processing Model
Input – Perception - Decision Making – Execution - Output - Feedback
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Perception Cont.
Direct Perception
– Affordances
Perception Action
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Reaction Time (RT)
Interval of time between the moment that a stimulus is presented to when a response is initiated.
Indicative of the amount of time needed to prepare a response.
Influenced by several factors.
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Number of Response Choices
Simple vs. choice RT
Hick’s Law
– Relationship between the number of movement choices and the time needed to prepare a response
– The higher the degree of uncertainty in a given situation, the longer the time needed to decide which response to make
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Predicted Relationship Between Number of Stimulus-Response Choices and RT
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Components of Response Time
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Anticipation
Event anticipation
– Predicting what event will happen
Temporal anticipation
– Predicting when an event will happen
Precues
Cost/benefit tradeoff
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Psychological Refractory Period (PRP)
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Stimulus Response Compatibility
The extent to which a stimulus and its required response are naturally related
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Attention
Bottleneck theory
Limited attentional capacity
Things to consider:
– Environmental and task complexity
– Skill level
– Number of cues
Selective attention
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Attentional Focus
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Arousal
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Cue Utilization Hypothesis