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Understanding Biodiversity: examples where more data sharing could make a big difference
Vanderlei Perez CanhosCentro de Referência em Informação Ambiental (CRIA)
International Symposium The Case for International Sharing of Scientific Data: A Focus on Developing Countries
National Academy of Sciences, 18-19 April 2011
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Biosphere – The world we live in
Ecosystem – The set of communities of all domains of life that interact with one another and the abiotic environment to form a unit
Community – Interacting populations of organisms
Population – All individuals of a species or phylotype within a community
Organism – A single individual
Organ system– a specialized functional system of an organism
Organ – a set of tissues that function as a unit
Tissue A set of interacting cells
Cell – the functional unit of all living organisms
Organelle a specialized subunit within a cell
Molecule – biochemical constituents of cells
Source: Committee on A New Biology for the 21st Century
Complexity of biodiversity data
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Conservation planning in Brazil
• Brazilian Ministry of Environment effort to set-up priorities for biodiversity conservation (1990´s)
• Static system of protected areas
• Environmental degradation and climate changes not taken into consideration
• Global changes are are making conservation very difficult!
• Priorities and strategies need to be continuosly revised
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Potential distribution of 162 vascular plant species for the Brazilian Cerrado
no Potential distribution in 2053 with 0.5% annual increase of CO2
Potential distribution in 2053 with 0.5% annual increase of CO2
Impact of climate change on Brazilian plant species
(Siqueira & Peterson, 2003)
hotspot
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Accumulated deforestation up to year 2000
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Accumulated deforestation up to year 2009
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Global Biodiversity Information Facility - GBIF
• Collective, multi and interdisciplinar effort• Requires a global cooperation environment• Integration of local and global efforts
Compiled data and information on species, specimens and ecosystems
Building the biodiversity knowledge base
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Biological Collections are Data Centers
Descriptive data
Taxonomy and nomenclature
Modeling
Data quality
Maps
Primay data
EducationResearch
Decision making
Biological collection
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http://splink.cria.org.br
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speciesLink network architecture
DataPostgreSQL
ProviderPHP
MirrorSOAP server
SQL
DataspLinker
Java
CollectionManagement
System
SQL
Collection Collection Data
Repository
SOAPSOAP
Portal
DiGIRDiGIR
Cache nodeCache node
Translator
Collection database
Map
ping
dat
a fie
lds
Dar
win
Cor
e da
ta m
odel
On-line database
Filter for sensitive data
Free and open access to non sensitive data
Restrictedaccess
Sensitive dataflagged
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TAPIR Portal
Cache node Cache node
Indicators
Network Manager
Query interface
Data cleaning
Web Sitemapcria
webservice
Data analysis
Reports
MapsPostGIS
Central Repository
Data Harvester
Collections witha DiGIR provider
Collections with
spLinker
DiGIR
SOAP
TAPIR
WMS
Geogra
phic
data
speciesLink architecture
TAPIR Providerwebservice
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The development of the speciesLink network
Oct. 2005709,306 recordsLaunched
Oct. 20025,280 records
Dec. 2010 4 million records
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• 2002 GSPC Target 1 in 2010
• Working List of Plants
• 2008 meetings to define the strategy
• 2009 expert network effort to revise the working list
• May 2010 List was published
• Sept 2010 Nagoya CBD COP
Definition of the method and content
2010 List of Brazilian Plants
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Hepaticas
Briófitas da Mata Atlântica
Pteridófitas
Annonaceae
Burmanniaceae
Cannaceae
Costaceae
Haemodoraceae
Thismiaceae
Triuridaceae
Zingiberaceae
Fungos (12)
Angiospermas da
Mata Atlântica Fabaceae
da Mata Atlântica
Flora do Nordeste
Flora do Acre
Flora do Semi-Árido
Flora do Cerrado
Kew Gardens
Typus RB
Mike Hopkins
Algas (Várias)
Musgos
Antoceros
Fbr - Cactaceae
Fbr - Rutaceae
Fbr - Simaroubaceae
Fbr - Bignoniaceae
Fbr - Onagraceae
Fbr - Clusiaceae
Fbr - Hypericacea
More than 40 lists integrated
Lista de Angiospermas da Mata Atlântica (MS-Excel)
Lista de Fabaceae da Mata Atlântica (MS-Excel)Flora do Nordeste (MS-Word)Flora do Acre (MS-Word)Flora do Semi-Árido (MS-Excel)Flora do Cerrado (MS-Word);Lista de Kew Gardens (Texto tab-delimited)Lista de Typus do RB (MS-Excel)Lista do Mike Hopkins (MS-Excel)Várias listas de Algas (MS-Word)Lista de Musgos (MS-Excel, MS-Word)Lista de Antoceros (MS-Excel)Lista de Hepaticas (MS-Excel)Lista de Briófitas da Mata Atlântica (MS-Excel)Lista de Pteridófitas (MS-Excel)Lista de Annonaceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Burmanniaceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Cannaceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Costaceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Haemodoraceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Thismiaceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Triuridaceae (MS-Excel)Lista de Zingiberaceae (MS-Excel)Doze Listas de Fungos (MS-Excel)
Famílias do sistema Flora brasiliensis revisitada:
Cactaceae (Daniela Zappi)Rutaceae (José Rubens Pirani);Simaroubaceae (José Rubens Pirani)Bignoniaceae (Lucia G Lohman)Onagraceae (Ana Odete Santos Vieira)Clusiaceae (Volker Bittrich)Hypericaceae Volker Bittrich)
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Editing interface
Web interface
Users control
Global corrections
Rtf output for printing Distribution maps
Statistics interface
Expert NetworkCoordination: BGRJ
Xls spreadsheet output
Data cleaning interface
Control & logs
Checklists integration
Maintenance and de-bugging
New developments
Developments at CRIA
Support to the coordination team Help desk to the experts
backups, backups, backups, backups …
Access to external resources
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All Achariaceae
species
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All Clusiaceae endemic to São
Paulo state
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All Fabaceae genera from the Atlantic Forest
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Specimen
• speciesLink• SIColNet• HV Saint-
Hilaire• HV INCT• SinBiota
species
• Moure Catalogue
• Flora of Brazil List
• Fauna of Brazil List
publications
• Bioline International
• Biota Neotropica
• Check List• Flora
brasiliensis
images
• drawings• exsicates• illustrations• photos• maps• Rare works
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Usage is increasing !
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Usage: mainly Brazil
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JBRJ
Indexing
….MNHN Mobot
Cache nodes
indicators
data cleaning
Central Repository
Collections with providers
Collections without providers
TAPIR/DiGIR
spLinker
TAPIR
NYBG Smithsonian
manager
user
indicators
tools
images
mapsdata
Collections data
Data cleaning reports
Data analysis Web Services
mapCRIA
TAPIR Provider
Images
Externalrequisitions
CRIA´s systems architecture
collection profile
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Sonnerat DBFrance
SH@CRIA DBBrasil
Transcriptions
XML
eRez image server
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speciesLinkdata bank
Images metadata
RBRSP P CCFFUFG INCQS CFP
web
ser
vice
sImage server
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Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental http://www.cria.org.br
Vanderlei Canhos [email protected]
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Brazilian partners
Sponsors and funding agencies International partners