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DavaoDavao
CaragaCaragaNorthernMindanaoNorthernMindanao
ZamboangaPeninsula
ZamboangaPeninsula
ARMMARMM
ARMMARMM
11
2211
Central VisayasCentral Visayas
WesternVisayasWesternVisayas
PagadianPagadian
ButuanButuan
DavaoDavao
KoronadalKoronadal
CotabatoCotabato
Cagayan de Oro
Cagayan de Oro
CebuCebu
1. Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao2. South Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat,
Sarangani and General Santos City
Moro Gulf
Celebes Sea
Sulu Sea
BoholSea
Davao Gulf
MALAYSIA
Basilan Isl.
Jolo Isl.
Tawi Tawi Isl.
S U L U AR C H I P E L A G O
Bohol Isl.Negros Isl. Cebu Isl.
Dinagat Isl.
Siagra Isl.
NPA-CPP 148 (32%)
Unknown 128 (28%)
MILF 117 (25%)
ASG 57 (12%)
ArmedAttack
181 (39%)
IED 104 (23%)
Kidnapping 61 (13%)
Grenade 50 (11%)
Arson 49 (11%)
Hostage 13 (3%)
Bombing 1 (0.2%)
NPA-CPP (32%)
Unknown (28%)
MILF (25%)
ASG (12%)
Other (3%)
Incidents Over Time
Other 9 (3%)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
July - Dec. 2008(150)
Jan. - June 2009(117)
July - Dec. 2009(90)
Jan. - June 2010(102)
44
33
53
1732
29
45
11
37
23
12
13
35
43
7
16
3 5
1
Three major groups operate in discrete geographic regions across Mindanao:
Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) in central-to-western areas;New People’s Army - Communist Partyof the Philippines (NPA-CPP) in eastern to-central areas; and,Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) in western areas.
Approximately 39% of incidents were armed con�icts, 23% were by IEDs, and 13% were kidnappings.
Armed attacks accounted for 85% of all deaths and IED attacks accounted for 44% of all injuries and 9% of all deaths.
Incidents by TypeIncidents by GroupPHILIPPINES
BRU.
MALAYSIAINDO.
VIET.CAMB.
THAI.
LAOS
Mindanao
Suspected Perpetrators
NPA-CPP
Unknown
ASG Other groups
MILF
Number of Violent Attacks
11 - 256 - 101 - 5
Region boundaryRegion capital«
0 50 10025 mi
0 50 10025 km
October 26, 2010 - U284 STATE (HIU)Page 1 of 3
Names and boundary representation are not necessarily authoritative.
UNCLASSIFIED
HUMANITARIAN INFORMATION UNIT
[email protected]://hiu.state.gov
U.S. Department of State
Sources: USG; National Counterterrorism CenterUNCLASSIFIED
Con�icts Without Borders: Mindanao, PhilippinesReported Con�ict Incidents (July 2008 - June 2010)
0 60 12030 Km
0 60 12030 Miles
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TagumTagum
MarawiMarawi
Isulan
Tandag
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Dipolog
SurigaoSurigao
SiquijorSiquijor
PagadianPagadian
Mambajao
Oroquieta
DumagueteDumaguete
TagbilaranTagbilaran
MalaybalayMalaybalay
Prosperidad
IsabelaIsabela
Zamboanga
KidapawanKidapawan
ButuanButuan
DavaoDavao
KoronadalKoronadal
Cotabato City
Cotabato City
General Santos
City
General Santos
City
Cagayan de Oro
Cagayan de Oro
SOCCSKSARGENSOCCSKSARGEN
DavaoDavao
CaragaCaraga
NorthernMindanaoNorthernMindanaoZamboanga
PeninsulaZamboangaPeninsula
ARMMARMM11
22
Moro Gulf
Celebes Sea
Bohol Sea
Davao Gulf
PhilippineSea
CotabatoCotabato
MaguindanaoMaguindanao
Sultan KudaratSultan Kudarat
SouthCotabato
SouthCotabato
SaranganiSarangani
ARMMARMM11!
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TagumTagum
MarawiMarawi
Isulan
Tandag
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Dipolog
Surigao
Maganoy
SiquijorSiquijor
Zamboanga
Mambajao
Oroquieta
DumagueteDumaguete
TagbilaranTagbilaran
Malaybalay
Prosperidad
IsabelaIsabela
KidapawanKidapawan
ButuanButuan
DavaoDavao
KoronadalKoronadal
CotabatoCotabato
Cagayan de Oro
Cagayan de Oro
PagadianPagadian
SOCCSKSARGENSOCCSKSARGEN
DavaoDavao
CaragaCaraga
NorthernMindanaoNorthern
Mindanao
ZamboangaPeninsula
ZamboangaPeninsula
ARMMARMM11
22
Moro Gulf
Celebes Sea
SuluSea
Bohol Sea
Davao Gulf
PhilippineSea
ARMMARMM11!General
SantosCity
General Santos
City
Displacement Extent - Sepember 2008 Displacement Extent - September 2010
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
September 2008 June 2010
Steady Decrease in the Number of Total IDPs in Registered Evacuation Centers
395,301
250,000
117,514
August 20090
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
Sultan Kudarat(June 2010)
Cotabato(June 2010)
Maguindanao (June 2010)
Maguindanao (Sept. 2010)
Maguindanao (Sept. 2010)
7,020 9,432
101,062
69,32780,232
Total Displacement in Registered Evacuation Centers Constrained to Three Provinces
DSWD* Estimate
IOM**Estimate
* Department of Social Welfare and Development** International Organisation for Migration
PHILIPPINES
BRU.
MALAYSIAINDO.
VIET.CAMB.
THAI.
LAOS
Mindanao
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Region capital
Selected populated place
Region boundaryProvince boundary
Area of displacement
0 50 10025 km
0 50 10025 mi
1. Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao2. South Cotabato, Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, Sarangani and General Santos City
October 26 2010 - U287 STATE (HIU)Page 2 of 3
Names and boundary representation are not necessarily authoritative.
UNCLASSIFIED
HUMANITARIAN INFORMATION UNIT
[email protected]://hiu.state.gov
U.S. Department of State
Sources: USG, International Organiation for Migration, United Nations Office for the Coordination ofHumanitarian Affairs, Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre,
Government of Philippines (GOP) National Disaster Coordinating Council, GOP Department of Social Welfare and DevelopmentUNCLASSIFIED
Con�icts Without Borders: Mindanao, PhilippinesReduced Displacement Amidst Continued Insecurity (July 2008 - Sept. 2010)
Determining reliable �gures on the number of IDPs remains a challenge, since displacement in Mindanao is characterized by both frequent and temporary population movements. Discrepancies between government and international agency �gures have been reported often, with the government typically issuing lower �gures.
Armed Groups
MILF – The Moro Islamic Liberation Front split from the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) in 1977. MILF claims to represent the interests of the 5% of the population that is Muslim, known as the Bangsamoro people. The now 12,000 strong MILF was formed due to the MNLF's reluctance to launch an insurgency against the Armed Forces of the Philippines when the Government of the Philippines (GOP) rejected MNLF’s demand for an independent Moro Islamic state and sent troops to maintain order.
NPA-CPP – The New People's Army (NPA) is the military wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP). Founded in 1969 with the aim of overthrowing the Philippines government through guerrilla warfare, the NPA strongly opposes the U.S. military presence in the Philippines.
ASG – The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG) is a small Muslim terrorist group that split from MNLF in the early 1990s. The group’s stated goal is to promote an indepen-dent Islamic state in western Mindanao and the Sulu Archipelago. ASG is composed of several semi-autonomous factions with several hundred active �ghters and about 1,000 supporters.
Other Perpetrators
Al-Khobar – Allegedly composed of former Muslim rebels, the group is report-edly linked to the MILF, although MILF denies any involvement in the group’s activities.
Ampatuan – The Ampatuan family is a Muslim family who allied themselves with President Ferdinand Marcos in the 1970s. In 2008, President Arroyo legalized informal private armies being kept by families like the Ampatuans, who maintain an armed militia of 2,000 men.
Bag-ong Ilaga – The Bag-ong Ilaga is a Christian vigilante group opposing the MILF, MNLF, and other groups that it deems as “terrorists”. It is a continuation of the Ilaga Christian vigilante group which last operated in the 1970s.
BNLA – The Bangsamoro National Liberation Army is allied with the MNLF and claimed responsibility for two separate roadside bombings on Jolo Island that killed four US military personnel in September 2009 and September 2010.
MNLF – The Moro National Liberation Front emerged in the early 1970s and sought an independent Islamic nation in the Filipino islands with sizeable Muslim populations.
Recent Chronology of Con�ict and Displacement
2008In August, the MILF broke a cease�re and the ensuing violence between the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and the MILF led to signi�cant displacement in portions of western Mindanao. By September, up to one million were a�ected, with 400,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs), including over 100,000 living in more than 160 evacuation centers, according to the GOP National Disaster Coordinating Council.
2009Between August 2008 and July 2009, estimated 760,000 people were a�ected by the con�ict and about 400 combatants and civilians were killed or died due to illness in IDP camps.
In July, the GOP and the MILF agreed to a cease�re and both sides agreed to facilitate the return of tens of thousands of IDPs and the removal of unexploded ordnance. Over 250,000 people remained displaced, with over 100,000 living in 147 evacuation centers in the provinces of Maguidanao, North Cotabato, and Sultan Kudarat.
2010In May, Benigno Aquino was elected President and vowed to secure a peace deal with the MILF. Peace talks resumed and the MILF vowed to provide security for returning IDPs.
Registered displacement• In June, approximately 117,514 IDPs were living in 67 evacuation centers or reloca-tion sites, while others were staying with relatives and friends, according to the GOP Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD).
• As of October, in Maguindanao Province, the International Organization for Migra-tion estimates there are 80,232 IDPs in evacuation centers, 5,475 home-based IDPs, 9,863 IDPs moved to resettlement areas, and 16,475 IDPs relocated. According to GOP estimates, there are 69,327 IDPs in 52 evacuation centers, 11,490 IDPs relocated, and 4,545 IDPs are reintegrated into new areas.
Unregistered displacement• Inter-clan feuds (rido) triggered by land disputes, election-related violence, and economic rivalries contribute to a rising number of displaced people throughout the year, although they are not considered IDPs by the DSWD. Approximately, 70 percent of the population own guns in Mindanao.
• As of October, there are an additional 156,759 IDPs due to rido and 135,358 due to �ash�oods, according to DSWD.
Insecurity and the impact of seasonal rains continue to impede the IDPs return.
October 26 2010 - U287 STATE (HIU)Page 3 of 3
Names and boundary representation are not necessarily authoritative.
UNCLASSIFIED
HUMANITARIAN INFORMATION UNIT
[email protected]://hiu.state.gov
U.S. Department of State
Sources: USG, International Organiation for Migration, United Nations Office for the Coordination ofHumanitarian Affairs, Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, Washington Post
Government of Philippines (GOP) National Disaster Coordinating Council, GOP Department of Social Welfare and DevelopmentUNCLASSIFIED
Con�icts Without Borders: Mindanao, PhilippinesArmed Groups and Recent Chronology (September 2010)