UMR 8069
Directeur Professeur Gabriel MOSER
Temporary Dwelling:
Home-making and Place Identity Processes
Eugénia RATIUMaître de conférences
Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Research supported by P U C A. Ministère de l’Équipement, des Transports et du Logement
Principles of Life Course Theory
F Human Development Life-Long Process
Linked Lives Interactions
Human Agency in
Constrained Situations
Lives inTime and
Place
Timing inLives Events
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Human Agency in
Constrained Situations
Societal context
Low and uncertain family income
Family rights to access to a "decent" housing
Public intervention
Alternatives
to house occupation status and house attributes
"Transitory dwelling"
Intervention Purpose
Well-being - Societal reinsertion
Lives inTime and
Place
Timing inLives Events
Events - Places - Home-making and Identity dynamic processes
Principles of Life Course – Home and Place Identity Processes
F Human Development Life-Long Process
Linked Lives
Interactions
Human Agency in
ConstrainedSituations
Lives inTime and
Place
Timing inLives Events
Home-making
Place Identity
Processes
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Emergency dwelling - Institutional answer - Psychosocial investment
Research Aim
The importance of
the social, spatial and temporal contexts
in which the life events occur during transitions
are questioned from the standpoint of
the life span identity development
Living in emergency dwelling is regarded as a
life event
Transactional Psychosocial Processes
Self Regulation – Affective out-put
Psychosocial Transitions – Identity Developmental Strategy
Contextual Identity Process ContinuityDistinctionEfficacy
Positive self image
Affective balance
Coherence
Self esteem
intra-psychic interpersonal
Socio-spatial Context – Life course
Self Development – Identity and its socio-spatial expressions
Self actualisation Self projection
Place Identity – Fluid Place Attachment - Dynamic
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
METHOD
Urban resources Housing conditionsUrban attributes
- distance to the downtown - social atmosphere - safety - fame - natural elements density
Emergency dwelling - Categories - institutional salience
- institutional control
- domestic space
- family- friends- associations- social assistance
Social context Social relationships
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
CRÉTEIL
Parisian southern
suburbPARIS intra muros
New town
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Paris Intra muros Créteil
HOTEL
APPARTEMENT
HOSTEL RESIDENCE
SOCIAL RESIDENCE
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Population - Sample
80 families
- familial situation and life span stage
(presence of school age children(s))
- neighborhood familiarity
(6 months at lest in the present house)
- cultural familiarity
(80% native country in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe)
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Population – residential and societal position
residential past and gap to « normal » house
1 - normal house experience
2 - marginal blocked situation
previous house situation
1 - insalubrious
2 - overpopulated
3 - too expensive (expulsion)
4 - temporary (hotel, foyer, lodging)
5 - homeless
family solvability
1 - regular but insufficient in-come
2 - irregular and insufficient in-come
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Data collection
- semi-directed interview
(women responding for the family)
- urban map - neighbourhood investment
(extension, delimitation criteria, home position)
Data treatment
Thematic content analysis
Multidimensional factorial analyses
"Formal causation" - Variables structure
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Emergency Dwelling as "Home”- Multidimensional analyses
Expectancies and Social Positioning - perceived personal control on societal insertion system
- residential past
(previous "meaningful" situations and mobility)
- spatial identity
(existence of « chez-soi », their nature, frequentation, accessibility)
- perceived anticipated evolution concerning societal position and residential situation
(improvement, stability, regression)
- habitat comparison standard
(attributes expected, representations of the transitory dwelling and its occupants)
- environmental competence and exploration
(neighbourhood investment and extend familiarity)
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
ImprovementRegression
Precarious Stability Evolution
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
- Residential course
Habitat socialization, place(s) bonds (dependence/independence, concrete/abstract)
- Self-efficacy
Control, Personal responsibility
- Social Comparison
Inter-individual distance, Intra-individual (past /future /imaginative), Social retraction
Psychosocial Expectancies Construction – Place bonds
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Societal Position - Improvement Perception
Residential course provided in supports of home socialisation
"Normal house Experience"
House autonomous access (without institutional support) in the past
Present transitory dwelling - perceived as an "accident"
Social comparison – with the other transitory dwelling tenants
Overestimated social distance perception
Personal superiority, Invulnerability and Self-efficacy
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Societal Position Anticipated Regression
Unexplained Discontinuity perception of the dwelling course
Perception of an important gap between the present transitory dwelling and
the preceding "houses" as "reference" mark (worth and best dwellings)
Social "house” and its urban context representation – rejection, undesirability
Regression to over-investment of the daily context and to "security supports"
In search of institutional support
In search of "substitutes" of the previous residential reference marks
Acquired “hopelessness " – loss control perception and abdication
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Unchanged societal position anticipation – durable precariousness
“Recently" effect comparison between the present transitory dwelling and the previous one
Invisible "rebound" - survival situation Life span course exempt of house choice opportunities
Place investment absence
Marginal dwelling "models" acceptance - "archaic" house forms and mobilityContinuity preserved by urban context access – urban centrality position
"Legitimacy" of the subjective bonds to urban context
Continuity based on archaic forms of the choice "legitimacy" of his life placeSocial comparison – personal "merits" over-estimation
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Identity dynamics precarious societal position
Uncertainty and Mobility – Home and Place Identity processes
Over-investment of the past home as
Referent place – Founder place
Over-investment of the urban context - reject the private space Place Familiarity perception – Identity Reinforcement
Over-investment of the future home
Utopian Place – to elude constraints and institutional dependence and to preserve its advantages
"chez-soi" - Paradoxal form
home and equivalence of places places of legitimacy – identity support based on the "property" of
the right to access to a decent house
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
DISCUSSIONS
The results are explained by
- the social construction expectancies model
(optimism, pessimism, stability)
- the self-efficacy acquisition model
Consistent with the theory of the relative deprivation and the referent cognitions model :
-the social comparison (differentiated according to the residential past) seems to be a self-image strategy protection in a precarious societal position.
-the change of its terms and place expressions appears as an identity strategy protection.
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
Aims
the health promotion considering that the actions are focused on:
- the psychosocial processes specific for the life events and transitions and
- on the individual access to a self-expression sustaining environment
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004
Modalities- the acquisition and the reinforcement of the self-efficacy
(projects realization, legibility of the actions efficacy)
- to consider and to adopt different treatments for different emergency dwelling beneficiaries according to their residential course
- to consider a differentiation of the individual situation according to his/her access to institutional and/or personal supports as socio-emotional mediators.
- to consider the dysfunctions rising within different publics
- to facilitate access to urbain ressources – reducing « environmental irritants
THE IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
July 7-10 2004 Symposium #12 - Life Course Perspective and Socio-environmental Contexts 07/07/2004