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Two examples
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The Pantheon – Rome
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The Pantheon – Rome
Then the recipe for Concrete was lost
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We need bundles of 1014
nanotubes
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Defects will not propagate among the straws
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We need to make them meters long
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Man’s greatest Enemy
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2.7 million deaths this year
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The embargo on DDT has condemned 2.7 million (mainly children) to death
this year
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Bio-Nano approaches DNA manipulation
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We need to make them meters long
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We need bundles of 1014 nanotubes
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We need bundles of 1014 nanotubes
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DNA Sequencing
Genetic Fingerprinting
Liquid Crystal Displays
ATP synthase
Haemoglobin
Birth Control Pill
Penicillin
Anti-malaria drugs
Molecular Computing
Ozone Hole discovery
Virus structures
Platinum anti cancer drugs
Nike shoes polymers
Shampoo
Sewage Treatment
Washing up bowls
Haber Process
Materials defects
Catalysis (35%GNP)
Silicon chip
Polymers
Glass
Pharma Industry
Liquified Gases N2 O2
Pole vaulter pole
Hip joints
Bikes
Skateboards
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DNA Sequencing Genetic Fingerprinting Liquid Crystal Displays ATP synthase Haemoglobin Birth Control Pill Penicillin Anti-malaria drugs Molecular Computing Ozone Hole discovery Virus structures Platinum anti cancer drugs Nike shoes polymers Shampoo Sewage Treatment Washing up bowls Haber Process Materials defects Catalysis (35%GNP) Silicon chip Polymers Glass Pharma Industry Liquified Gases N2 O2 Pole vaulter pole Hip joints Bikes Skateboards
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DNA Sequencing
Genetic Fingerprinting
Liquid Crystal Displays
ATP synthase
Haemoglobin
Birth Control Pill
Penicillin
Anti-malaria drugs
Molecular Computing
Ozone Hole discovery
Virus structures
Platinum anti cancer drugs
Nike shoes polymers
Shampoo
Sewage Treatment
Washing up bowls
Haber Process
Materials defects
Catalysis (35%GNP)
Silicon chip
Polymers
Glass
Pharma Industry
Liquified Gases N2 O2
Pole vaulter pole
Hip joints
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Avogadro’s Number1 Size of an atom 2 Dalton – atomicity3 Balmer Series 4 Bohr Atom5 Pasteur chirality6 3D molecule tetrahedral molecule7 Angular momentum > spdf > Periodic Table8 X ray crystallography9 Electronic structure10 DNA measurement laser optical analogue11 Chemical shift in nmr12 The structure of benzene13 Molecular spectroscopy HCl length of chemical bond14 The potential curve 15 energy of a bond H2
16 Reaction Intermediates A + B > [C] > products17 Reaction coordinate18 Polymers19 Molecular Machines Haemoglobin ATP synthase
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Man’s got t’know his limitations
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The limit to the strength of a particular material is the Defect
and how they may be overcome