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Trends in High School
Improvement
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Richard Jones Ph. D.
Senior Consultant
International Center for Leadership in Education
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Trends in High School Improvement
Best Practices in High School
Measuring High School Success
Impacts for Agric. Ed.
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What is current
High School Improvement
Small Schools
Math, Science and Technology
Biotechnology
Reading in Content Area
Assessment Backlash
Increased Accountability
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Best Practices for Best Practices for Successful Successful
High SchoolsHigh Schools
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Bill and Melinda Gates FoundationPromising High
Schools w/ CCSSO
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www.successfulpractices.orgwww.successfulpractices.org
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Current Characteristics Current Characteristics
Traditions that have Become RutsAttendance Required Learning OptionalIsolated Teacher Centered InstructionShining Successes but Some Students “Falling through the Cracks” Some students overwhelmed while some are bored
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Exemplary Characteristics Exemplary Characteristics
Personalized LearningHigh ExpectationsData - Driven Decisions 9th Grade TransitionChallenging 12th GradeRigorous and Relevant CurriculumEffective Leadership Relationships Driven by Guiding PrinciplesSustained Professional Development
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Personalized Learning
Multiple Pathways
Early Intervention
Disaggregation of Data
Leveling w/ Respect
Small Learning Communities
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Changes That Are Easier in SLC
Building Relationships
Identifying Student Needs
Articulation of Curriculum
Staff Collaboration
Creating Positive School Culture
Contextual Learning
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Data is Powerful
• Assess the current and future needs of students
• Decide what to change • Determine if goals are being met• Engage in continuous school
improvement• Identify root causes of problems• Promote accountability
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Types of DataStudent Learning
SchoolClass
Demographics School ProcessesCurriculum and Instruction
Core LearningStretch LearningStudent EngagementPersonal Skill Development
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9th Grade PracticesTransition ProceduresSocial ActivitiesEarly InterventionsAvoiding Front LoadingDifferentiationParent RelationshipsAdult AdvisoryPeer Relationships
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12th Grade PracticesEarly CollegeFull SchedulingAdvanced PlacementDual EnrollmentCollege Application SupportSenior ProjectsCommunity ServiceInternships
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Curriculum
Focused
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Teachers struggling to teach an overloaded curriculum!
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Curriculum
Focused
Standards vs. Curriculum vs. Instruction
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Curriculum
Focused
Standards vs. Curriculum vs. Instruction
Constantly raising Rigor and Relevance
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Ask Me.....“How will I
ever use what I’m learning
today?”
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KNOWLEDGE
A P P L I C A T I O N
AA BB
DDCC
Rigor/Relevance FrameworkRigor/Relevance Framework
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1 2 3 4 5
ApplicationApplication
KnowledgeKnowledge
1
2
3
4
5
6
Rigor/Relevance FrameworkRigor/Relevance Framework
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Rigor/Relevance Framework
1. Recall Knolwedge
2. Comprehension
3. Application
4. Analysis
5. Synthesis
6. Evaluation
1. Knowledge of one discipline
2. Application within discipline
3. Application across disciplines
4. Application to real world predictable situations
5. Application to real world unpredictable situations
Knowledge Application
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KNOWLEDGE
A P P L I C A T I O N
AA BB
DDCC
Rigor/Relevance FrameworkRigor/Relevance Framework
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RIGOR
RELEVANCE
AA BB
DDCC
Rigor/Relevance FrameworkRigor/Relevance Framework
TeacherTeacherWorkWork
Teacher/Student RolesTeacher/Student Roles
StudentStudentThinkThink
StudentStudentThink & WorkThink & Work
StudentStudentWorkWork
High
HighLow
Low
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RIGOR
RELEVANCE
AA BB
DDCC
Rigor/Relevance FrameworkRigor/Relevance Framework
RightRightAnswerAnswer
Did Students Get it Right?Did Students Get it Right?
RationalRationalAnswerAnswer
RightRightQuestionsQuestions
RightRightProcedureProcedure
High
HighLow
Low
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Leadership
• Problem is more people than Technical
• Not Charismatic
• Entrepreneurial vs. Bureaucratic
• Performance vs. Compliance
• Department Chairs
• Focus on Instruction
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Professional DevelopmentProfessional Development
• Directly related to school goals
• Ongoing• Personalized• Culture of Collaboration
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Exemplary Characteristics Exemplary Characteristics
Personalized LearningPersonalized LearningHigh ExpectationsHigh ExpectationsData - Driven Decisions Data - Driven Decisions 9th Grade Transition9th Grade TransitionChallenging 12th GradeChallenging 12th GradeRigorous and Relevant CurriculumRigorous and Relevant CurriculumEffective Leadership Effective Leadership Relationships Driven by Guiding Relationships Driven by Guiding PrinciplesPrinciplesSustained Professional DevelopmentSustained Professional Development
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Action Items - Where to Begin
• Instruction vs. Structure (Rigor/Relevance)
• Relationships• Start with Special Education• Data-based decision Making• Transition Years• Systems
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International Center for International Center for
Leadership in EducationLeadership in Education
Build Relationships
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“In the years to come, your students may forget what you taught them. But they will always remember how you made them feel.”
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RIGOR
RELEVANCE
AA BB
DDCC
Increasing Rigor/Relevance
High
HighLow
Low
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Everyone needs supportEveryone needs support when they take new riskswhen they take new risks
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Essential RelationshipsEssential RelationshipsIn SchoolsIn Schools
LearningStaffProfessionalCommunity
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Relationships are Essential to Student Learning
Result of combination of support from:
FamilyTeachersPeersCommunity
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RelationshipsRelationshipsClearly Important ?Clearly Important ?How to Quantify?How to Quantify?How to Develop?How to Develop?
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Relationship Model
0. Isolation
1. Known
2. Receptive
3. Reactive
4. Proactive
5. Sustained
6. Ubiquitous
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Learning Relationships Support for Students
0 IsolationStudents feel significant isolation from teachers, peers, or even parents. Students lack any emotional, social connection to peers and teachers.
1 KnownStudents are known by others; frequently called by name. Teachers know students and their families, their interests, aspirations and challenges. Students are known by peers that they interact with in school.
2 Receptive Students have contact with peers, parents, and teachers in multiple settings. Teachers exhibit positive behaviors of “being there” that show genuine interest and concern.
3 ReactiveTeachers, parents, and peers provide help to students when requested, but support may be sporadic and inconsistent among support groups.
4 ProactiveOthers take an active interest in a student’s success. Teachers take initiative to show interest and provide support. Students and others express verbal commitment for ongoing support and validate this commitment with their actions.
5 SustainedThere is extensive, ongoing, pervasive and balanced support from teachers, parents and peers that is consistent and sustained over time.
6 UbiquitousPositive relationships are everywhere and common place among the way that students, teachers and parents interact and support the student as learner.
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Research on Relationships
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Metlife Survey of the American Teacher
New students are bullied or teased?
very often/often 18%
sometimes 33%
New students are helped by other students ?
very often/often 52%
sometimes 37%
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Survey of 10-12th Grade Students on Relationships
Metlife Survey of the American Teacher 2005
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Quality of School’s Role Encouraging Parental Involvement
My school does a good job of encouraging parental involvment.
Metlife Survey of the American Teacher 2005
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HESSE - Survey 2005
•More that half (52%) had not discussed ideas with a teacher outside of class during the year.
•Three fifths (60%) had not communicated with a teacher by email.
•However, 70% agreed they had many opportunities to ask questions about their work.
•Less than half (48%) had frequently discussed grades or assignments with a teacher.
•Half never or only sometimes received feedback from teachers on assignments.
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Responses to “I Feel Supported and Respected by Teachers.”
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The special importance of encouragement highlights the likely importance of strong teacher-student relationships in affecting achievement, especially for African American and Hispanic students. Ronald
Ferguson
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Supportive Supportive RelationshipsRelationships
Successful PracticesSuccessful Practices
BehaviorsActivitiesStructures
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Supportive Behaviors
Showing RespectShowing Respect
Taking InterestTaking Interest
Active ListeningActive Listening
Frequent ContactFrequent Contact
EncouragementEncouragement
Avoiding “Put DownsAvoiding “Put Downs
Displaying Student WorkDisplaying Student Work
Writing Encouraging NotesWriting Encouraging Notes
Identifying Unique TalentsIdentifying Unique Talents
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Supportive Behaviors cont’d.
Celebrating AccomplishmentsServing As Role ModelUsing One-to-One CommunicationEncouraging Students to Express
Opinions/IdeasCreating Inviting Classroom ClimateExhibiting EnthusiasmUsing Positive HumorStudents Praising Peers
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Supportive ActivitiesSupportive Activities
Character EducationCharacter EducationBeginning of the Year Student Social Beginning of the Year Student Social ActivitiesActivitiesTeam BuildingTeam BuildingMentoringMentoringRewards, Recognition, IncentivesRewards, Recognition, IncentivesStudent AdvocacyStudent AdvocacyAdvisement ProgramAdvisement Program
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Supportive Initiatives, cont’d.Supportive Initiatives, cont’d.
Peer MediationPeer MediationStudents as TeachersStudents as TeachersFamily, Community, Business Family, Community, Business PartnershipsPartnershipsService LearningService LearningExtra and Co-curricular ActivitiesExtra and Co-curricular ActivitiesSports ProgramsSports Programs
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Supportive StructuresSupportive Structures
Small Learning CommunitySmall Learning CommunityAlternative SchedulingAlternative SchedulingTeam TeachingTeam TeachingTeacher ContinuityTeacher ContinuitySchool-based EnterpriseSchool-based EnterpriseProfessional Learning CommunityProfessional Learning Community
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Criteria GridCriteria GridLearning Quantifiable Sustainable
Dis-aggregated
Bench-marked
Exceptional
Core Academic Learning
Stretch Learning
Student Engagement
Personal Skill Development
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Core Academic LearningAchievement in the core subjects of English language arts, math and science
and others identified by the schoolData Indicators [minimum of 2 in addition to required state testing results]
•Percentage of students meeting proficiency level of state testing requirements (required)oEnglish Language ArtsoMathematicsoScience•Average scores on ACT/SAT•Average scores on PSAT•Achievement levels on standardized tests other than state exams
•Percentage of students requiring remediation in college.oEnglish Language ArtsoMathematics •Follow-up surveys of academic achievements of graduates•Students graduating high school in four years•Students earning college degree within four years after high school •Military ASVAB score
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Stretch LearningDemonstration of rigorous and relevant learning beyond minimum requirements (e.g.,
achievement and participation in higher level courses, specialized courses)
Data Indicators [minimum of 3]
•Number of credits required to graduate •Average Number of credits earned at graduation•Interdisciplinary work and projects ( e.g., Senior Exhibition)•Participation/test scores in /International Baccalaureate courses•Average scores on AP exams•Percentage of students achieving >2 on AP•Average number of college credits earned by graduation (dual enrollment)•Enrollment in advanced math or science courses
•Enrollment in Advanced Placement courses•Completion of career and technical education programs•Completion four or more credits in a career area•Completion four or more credits in arts•Completion of three or more years of foreign language•Follow-up studies of graduates •Value of scholarships earned at graduation•Percent of students completing career majors•Achievement of specialized certificates such as Microsoft or Cisco Academy
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Student EngagementThe extent to which students are motivated and committed to learning; have a sense of belonging and accomplishment; and have relationships
with adults, peers, and parents that support learning.
Data Indicators [minimum of 5]
•Student surveys: satisfaction, risk behaviors (asset survey), enrollment in higher education (two-year/ four-year colleges), positive peer relationships•Surveys on degree to which teachers know their students •Programs that improve:o Dropout rate, attendance rate, tardiness rate, graduation rate,o Discipline referrals•Techniques for improving student motivation•Advisory programs
•Programs that create role models for students•Activities that encourage students to voice opinions•Peer tutoring programs•Student recognition programs/activities•Events that promote involvement in co-curricular and extracurricular activities•Strategies to increase number of students taking ACT/SAT or other high-level exams
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Personal Skill DevelopmentMeasures of personal, social, service, and leadership skills and demonstrations
of positive behaviors and attitudes.
Data Indicators [minimum of 2]
•Participation/hours in service learning•Students holding leadership positions in clubs or sports•Development/assessment of personal skills: oTime management — ability to plan and organize workoLeadership/followershipoProblem solving/decision making•Programs/activities that promote: oRespect for diversityoPeer mediation/conflict resolution oWorking as a member of a team
•Development/assessment of good character:oTrustworthiness, perseverance, honesty, compassion, other character traits•Reduction in incidences of student conflict•Follow-up survey of graduates on development of personal skills
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Ag Ed OpportunitiesAg Ed Opportunities
RelevanceRelevanceMath, Science, Tech Math, Science, Tech
IntegrationIntegrationStudent Leadership Student Leadership
/Relationships/RelationshipsPartnership BuildingPartnership BuildingProject-based LearningProject-based Learning
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Ag Ed StrategiesAg Ed Strategies
Create schedules that expand Create schedules that expand capacitycapacityLook for Academy development Look for Academy development opportunitiesopportunitiesInterdisciplinary courses/projectsInterdisciplinary courses/projectsPost-secondary articulationPost-secondary articulationReading/Reading/ReadingReading/Reading/ReadingHigh StandardsHigh StandardsLead rather than followLead rather than follow
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Lovers never send Lovers never send form letters.form letters.
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10 Key Components
1.Culture of High Expectations and Support
2.Articulated Curriculum
3.Personalized Learning
4.Rigorous and Relevant Instruction
5.Positive School Climate
6.Leadership
7.Data-driven Decisions
8.Accountability
9.Partnerships
2.Professional Learning Communities
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Dick JonesDick JonesPO Box 11239PO Box 11239
Loudonville, NY 12211Loudonville, NY 12211
518 727 4333518 727 4333
http://dickjones.us
http://leadered.com
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International Center for International Center for
Leadership in Education, IncLeadership in Education, Inc..
1587 Route 1461587 Route 146
Rexford, NY 12148Rexford, NY 12148
Phone (518) 399-2776Phone (518) 399-2776
Fax (518) 399-7607Fax (518) 399-7607
E-mail - [email protected] - [email protected]
www.LeaderEd.comwww.LeaderEd.com