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Transport Demand Managementin Beijing – Emission Reduction in Urban Transport in China
Workshop: Developing Knowledge on Building Blocks of a Global Mitigation Architecture
Bonn, 2011-06-11
Christian Hochfeld, Project Director, GIZ China
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TDM-Project Beijing
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PARTNER & TIMEFRAME
� Political partnerBeijing Municipal Committee of Transport (BMCT)
� Implementation PartnerBeijing Transport Research Center (BTRC)
� Project Period Jan. 2011- Feb. 2014
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TDM-Project Beijing
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OBJECTIVES
Effective and efficient measures (at least three) for the Trans-port Demand Management in Beijing have been propose d to the municipal government of Beijing. Their potential be nefit for climate protection has been assessed and communicat ed on the base of internationally accepted methods
� Capacities in Beijing are built up to quantify and assess climate impacts of TDM measures
� Based on the developments and experiences in Beijing other cities in China (at least five) are assessing and introducing TDM measures to contribute to climate protection
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TDM - Checklist
Planning Instruments
Integration of Land Use and Transport Planning
e.g. Transit-oriented developement
Public Transport Promotion e.g. Priority at Intersections
Strategies for Non-MotorisedModes
e.g. Cycling Policy
Regulatory Instruments
Physical Restraint Measures e.g. Pedestrian zones
Traffic Management Measures ITS
Regulation of Parking Supply Maximum parking limits
Low Emission Zone In City Center
Speed Restrictions (30 km/h) In built up areas
Economic Instruments
Road Pricing e.g. during peak hours
Tax Incentives e.g. for cleaner vehicles
Parking Pricing Off- and on-street parking
Information Instruments
Public Awareness Campaigns E.g. participation in Mobility Weeks
Stakeholder Conferences On transport policy documents
Driver Training / Eco Driving e.g. for City drivers
Promotion of Mobility Management in Companies
e.g. Employer Passes, flexible work hours
Technology Promotion of Cleaner Technology e.g. Green Procurement
Good practice scores more than 10 out of the 16 criteria
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What could be registered as a NAMA?
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SHIFTAVOID
IMPROVE
Reduction of subsidies / (Fuel Tax)
High Quality Public Transport
NMT Infrastructure
Fuel Economy Standards
Land usePlanning TOD
ParkingManagement
Green Logisticsavoid empty
haulage
Road Pricing
Eco-Driving Campaign
Regular car inspection
Converter Kit for Taxis (CNG)
Regulation on Truck design
Low
Car
bon
Dev
elop
men
t S
trat
egy
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Focus Areas
a. TDM Strategies and MeasuresThe aim is to identify, develop and propose activities
b. Monitoring and Scenariosb.1 MonitoringThe aim is to quantify emission reduction ex-postb.2 Scenarios and mitigation potentialThe aim is to estimate emission reduction ex-ante
c. DisseminationThe aim is to disseminate the tools to further cities
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Framework of estimating the emission reduction of T DM measurement at macro-level – Base-Year Monitoring
CAR
BUS
METRO
TAXI
Car Ownership
VMT per Car
Emission factor
On road rate
Estimating by following
parameters
Statistical Data from Operating
Company
Statistical Data from Operating
Company
Statistical Data from Operating
Company
Total Energy Consumption
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Framework of estimating the emission reduction of T DM measurement at macro-level – Ex-Post-Evaluation
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Framework of estimating the emission reduction of T DM measurement at meso-level – Ex-Post-Evaluation
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Conduct a resident preference survey
Whether resident will change traffic mode?
Beijing Traffic Demand Model
Mode share
Driving Speed
Emission Factors
Framework of estimating the emission reduction of T DM measurement at macro-level – Ex-Ante-Evaluation
VMT
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What are key design features of NAMAs (in relation to LCDs and MACs)?
� Longtermed Vision and Objectives
� Consistency of Policies
� Prevention of Double Counting and Leakage
� MRV
� Transparency of Methodologies and Data
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How can the private sector involve in the implementation of NAMAs?
NAMAPrivate SectorContributions
Providing Technologies:
- Vehicle Technologies
- Traffic Management Technologies
- Informations Technologies
Information:- Eco-Drive-Training
- Traffic Information
- Public Awareness Campaign
Monitoring:
- Monitoring Systems (ATP)
Financing:- [Depending on the
relation to carbon markets]
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How can the private sector involve in the implementation of NAMAs?
NAMAPrivate SectorContributions
Providing Technologies:
- Vehicle Technologies
- Traffic Management Technologies
- Informations Technologies
Information:- Eco-Drive-Training
- Traffic Information
- Public Awareness Campaign
Monitoring:
- Monitoring Systems (ATP)
Financing:- [Depending on the
relation to carbon markets]
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What are the specific challenges of Transport NAMAs in China? Data, Data, Data,...
� Even in Mega-Cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen) only little data are available
� There is hardly any exchange between different agencies within the cities
� NDRC is not willing to publish absolute figures (especially in the international realm), although t here is big interest on the local level to create exact rea l world figures
� Is it possible to work with relative data? (relative reduction, icreased effienciency ( CO2/km?)
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