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Towards a developing local capacity Towards a developing local capacity and self-sufficiency in disaster
information and managementinformation and management
ENRICO C. PARINGITENRICO C. PARINGITProgram Leader, DREAM Program
Associate Professor, University of the Philippines
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The geographic and geologic setting of the Philippines (part of Pacific Ring of Fire and Pacific Ring of Fire and Earthquake Belt) make it prone to various hazards,including:
weather and climate-relatedvolcano-relatedearthquake-related (tsunami)earthquake-related (tsunami)
Three of deadliest typhoons occcured the past three years:
Dec 2011 – TS Washi – 1,268Dec 2011 – TS Washi – 1,268Dec 2012 – TY Bopha – 1,901Nov 2013 – TY Haiyan -Nov 2013 – TY Haiyan -
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Are we helping build resilient communities?
Orchids Subdivision located at the river mouth (estuary) of MandulogRiver, Iligan City in Mindanao after typhoon Sendong Dec 2011 In“Washi”
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http://gdis.denr.gov.ph/mgbviewer/http://gdis.denr.gov.ph/mgbviewer/Accessed: 18 September 2013
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The NationwideThe NationwideDisaster Risk and
Exposure Exposure Assessment
for Mitigation for Mitigation (DREAM) LIDAR Program
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Program Duration: Two (2) years from 2012 extended to Dec 2014 2012 extended to Dec 2014 Funding source: Department of Science and Technology (DOST) thru Grants-in-Aid ProgramAid ProgramTotal Program personnel: 90 persons in peak periodProgram Implementors:Program Implementors:
University of the PhilippinesTCAGP: LiDAR Acquisition, Validation and ProcessingTCAGP: LiDAR Acquisition, Validation and ProcessingEstablished a Program Office at the UP National Engineering CenterUP National Engineering CenterNational Institute of Geological Sciences (NIGS) VTEC Lab: Flood MappingMapping
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Data LiDAR Data
LiDAR Data Validation
Flood ModellingaData
Acquisition
LiDAR Data
Processing
Validation and River Geometry
measurement
Modellingand
Mapping
TrainingTraining
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OBJECTIVE: to generate OBJECTIVE: to generate finer-scale flood hazard maps and inundation models maps and inundation models to be used for 6-hr early warningwarningSurveyed the 18 major river basins (RBs) prone to basins (RBs) prone to flooding through airborne LIDAR (3D mapping)LIDAR (3D mapping)3D maps were used for flood simulation for different rainfall simulation for different rainfall events
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Aircrafts used for LIDAR operationAircrafts used for LIDAR operation
RP-C9122 RP-C90122
DREAM Rapid Topographic LIDAR System was deployed to Davao to capture
RP-C9322
DREAM Rapid Topographic LIDAR System was deployed to Davao to capture topographic data over Compostela last Jan 15 due to typhoon Pablo; deployed to Tacloban on 21 January for topographic and bathymetric mapping
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LIDAR sensor 2 + RGB++ Full wave form
LIDAR Sensor (full-wave) 1 + RGB Camera
Topographic (for land) LIDARTopographic Topographic (for land) LIDARTopographic
LIDAR Sensor 3 + CASI LIDAR Sensor (full-wave) 1 + RGB Camera RGB Camera
Bathymetric (for water) LIDARTopographic
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HyperspectralControlRackRack
LIDAR SensorHyperspectral
SensorFull wave formDigitizer
LIDAR Control RackControl Rack
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Aircraft Modification LiDAR Operators’ Training
LiDAR Installation LiDAR Inaugural Flight
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LIDAR Derived Digital Surface Model (DSM)
Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City
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LIDAR Derived Digital Terrain Model (DTM)
Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City
“Hidden rivers”“Hidden rivers”
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Data Validation and Bathymetry SurveysData Validation and Bathymetry Surveys
The DREAM Program also developed skills for field measurements and river hydrography
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Watershed discharge model
Hydraulic 2D model
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3D Visualisation of the Flood Model derived using LIDAR data for the MandulogRiver, Iligan City. 1 in 100 year event modelled, flood depth shown.
Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City
© Image from 1 in 100 year flood model produced by the DREAM-LIDAR component of Project NOAH. Modelled flood depth is shown overlain on the surveyedaerial photo and LIDAR Digital Surface Model.
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3D Visualisation of the Flood Model derived using LIDAR data for the MandulogRiver, Iligan City. 1 in 100 year event modelled, flood depth shown.
Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City
© Image from 1 in 100 year flood model produced by the DREAM-LIDAR component of Project NOAH. Modelled flood depth is shown overlain on the surveyedaerial photo and LIDAR Digital Surface Model.
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3D Visualisation of the Flood Model derived using LIDAR data for the MandulogRiver, Iligan City. 1 in 100 year event modelled, flood depth shown.
Orchid Subdivision, Iligan City
© Image from 1 in 100 year flood model produced by the DREAM-LIDAR component of Project NOAH. Modelled flood depth is shown overlain on the surveyedaerial photo and LIDAR Digital Surface Model.
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Visualization of Flooding Events for Information Dissemination
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129mm rainfall in 24hrs
Development of Flood Advisory System based on Maps and Rainfall Data
190mm rainfall in 24hrs 240mm rainfall in 129mm rainfall in 24hrson Maps and Rainfall Data
190mm rainfall in 24hrs 240mm rainfall in 24hrs
Flood Advisory
#1
Flood Advisory
#2
Flood Advisory
#3#1 #2 #3
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Projected Flood Extent (2020 climate scenario)
(Projected) (Projected) changes in
climateChanges in
Observed changes in
Changes in Hazard
changes in Environment
Changes in Changes in Vulnerability
Man’s actions Disaster
or or Resilience
?
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Integrated Flood Information SystemIntegrated Flood Information System
HydroMet Sensors Network Flood Forecasting Network-Rainfall
- Water level-Doppler
Flood Forecasting Module
Hydrologic Parameters
Elevation Flood
Modeling
Flood Warning SystemElevation
Data (from LiDAR, etc.)
ModelingSystem
Public Infrastructure
Flood Hazard MapGeneration
Infrastructure Planning
Generation
Land Use Planning/Zoning
Exposure Mapping Planning/ZoningMapping
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Deployment of online sensors
Devices designed and assembled by ASTI-DOSTDevices designed and assembled by ASTI-DOST
Measures- Wind Speed- Wind direction- Wind direction- Air Temperature- Air humidity- Air pressure- Rain amount, duration & duration & intensity Automated
Rain Gauge (ARG)
Automated Weather Station
Measures amount of rainfall over a period of time
9
Station (AWS)
time
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LIDAR-based Modeling for Early Warning
Last 24 hours Next 24 hoursLast 24 hours Next 24 hours
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Project NOAH App for Android and iOS availableProject NOAH App for Android and iOS available
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Cagayan de Oro Flood Hazard Map (Ondoy-level rainfall intensity)(Ondoy-level rainfall intensity)
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Improvement of Aloragat RiverImprovement of Aloragat RiverSite: Brgy. Labayug, Sison, PangasinanFrom DPWH Engineering District, Pangasinan
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LIDAR Products for Flood Defense Planning and DesignLIDAR Products for Flood Defense Planning and Design
Improvement of Aloragat RiverImprovement of Aloragat RiverSite: Brgy. Labayug, Sison, PangasinanFrom DPWH Engineering District, Pangasinan, Philippines
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Possessed capacity to provide geospatial information Possessed capacity to provide geospatial information at the highest level of detail and quality to support a more responsive disaster prevention strategy more responsive disaster prevention strategy Acquired Ability to respond to information needs for during and after emergency eventsInfrastructure: Availability of fine-scale elevation data cuts the planning and design phase by half the typical gestation timetypical gestation timeLeveraged the LIDAR products to foster open exchange and sharing of geospatial resources exchange and sharing of geospatial resources (data, computing) throughout the government
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CDO after Pablo Dec 20122012
Reads:Reads:“Because we have now an instrument. These are early warning devices which were warning devices which were used in our) decision-making. We prepared in advance because of the early warning, because of the early warning, without) Pablo. And when it made landfall) we decided immediately to expand high-risk areas because there were areas because there were manifestation in early warning system that the rains and water currents were strong. We had currents were strong. We had enough time unlike in Sendongwhen no one was advising us)," Cuenca said.
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Made it worthwhile for local experts Made it worthwhile for local experts and scientists to stay and contributeInduced creation of value-added job that trickle into the economythat trickle into the economyOpened a young industry for geospatial solutions, products and services outside the traditional services outside the traditional realms of surveying and mappingSaved precious government resources that could otherwise be resources that could otherwise be allocated to other critical services like health and educationRestored confidence in the Restored confidence in the Philippines in taking reducing impacts and bracing for real and potential disaster events.potential disaster events.
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1.5 m
7.5-9 m
Modeling and Mapping done within a
From Lagmay, et al., (2013)
Modeling and Mapping done within a month after events
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The Great Wall of Bohol as seen by DREAM LIDAR. Green triangles define The Great Wall of Bohol as seen by DREAM LIDAR. Green triangles define the previously unmapped fault traces. The mountains heaved 3 meters along the fault. Mapped one month after the October 13 Earthquake
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Applications of Finer-Scale Elevation and Surface Data (from LIDAR)Surface Data (from LIDAR)
• Floodplain and drainage, mappingHazards and • Floodplain and drainage, mapping• Landslide susceptibility• Climate change (e.g. sea level rise)
Hazards and Disasters
• Agriculture, Fisheries, Forestry• Mining, Energy and Environment
Resource Inventory and Assessment • Mining, Energy and Environmentand Assessment
• Inventory of buildings and structures• Transportation routes
Infrastructure Planning and • Transportation routes
• Development corridorsPlanning and
Monitoring
• Land use and local development planning, zoning
• Revenue generation (tax mapping, real property administration)
Governance
administration)
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Covers 300 other river systems in the Covers 300 other river systems in the Philippines
Will prioritize flood plain areas then v Will prioritize flood plain areas then the upland areas
Zambales and Bataan already covered
v
covered
Calabarzon area now being acquired
Tacloban – Leyte “Yolanda” area v
Tacloban – Leyte “Yolanda” area being covered
Government agencies are asked to send priority sites for flight planning send priority sites for flight planning purposes
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A major program to acquire elevation data using airborne LiDAR is ongoing to cover major river systems in the Philippines for purposes ongoing to cover major river systems in the Philippines for purposes of flood modeling, hazard assessment and early warning.
Local capacity has been developed to acquire process and analyze Local capacity has been developed to acquire process and analyze LIDAR data for hazard applications.
The LIDAR data and products may also be used for other applications and especially for resource management applicationsand especially for resource management applications
Plans and programs are in place to sustain the operations of the LIDAR technology resources (instrument, processing systems, personnel) beyond its current project durationpersonnel) beyond its current project duration
Resource assessment of agriculture is a firm target for further developing LIDAR while now serving infra planning needsdeveloping LIDAR while now serving infra planning needs
Continuous research and development activities must be pursued and supported to further generate accurate, consistent and reliable information products.information products.
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