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Energy-Efficient Routing Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Adapted to Mobile Protocol Adapted to Mobile Sensors for Multiple Sinks in Sensors for Multiple Sinks in Wireless Sensor NetworksWireless Sensor Networks
Tomoki Kimura and Iwao Sasase
Dept. of Information and Computer Science, Keio UniversityYokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
The 18th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC’07)
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Outline
Introduction Related Works Proposed Algorithm Simulations Conclusions
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Introduction
Wireless Sensor Networks Sensor Node Sink Node
Data Transmission is an important issue in WSN Query Comment Sensing Data
Sensor nodes have very limited battery capacity Energy efficient routing protocol is needed
Maximize Network and Node Lifetime
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Introduction
Multiple Sink nodes Multicast Issue
S
12
3
4Sink
Sink
SinkSink
Sensor
Query
Query
Query
Query
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Related Works
Energy-efficient Multicast Routing Protocol For WSN
Branch Aggregation Multicast (BAM)
For MANET MultiCAST for Multiple Geographical region (MgCast)
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Branch Aggregation Multicast (BAM) Published in MASS 2005
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13
4
2
Source
ASink
BSink
CSink
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MultiCAST for Multiple Geographical region (MgCast) Published in SECON 04
Destination set = {d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6}
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Motivations
Power saving multicast protocol adapted to mobile sensor networks is needed.
For BAM, if hop count is cost, it’s not adapted to mobile sensor environment Hop count is not fixed.
For MgCast, routes reconstruct by using periodic HELLO messages Energy consumption is high.
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Proposed Algorithm
All nodes have accurate location information
Source Process Grouping Sinks
Forwarding Node Process Selecting Unicasting or Multicasting
MAC Base on S-MAC
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Source Node Grouping sinks
Example is 4 groups
90°
Nearest sink to Src
The centroid of the tetragon (S1, S2, S3, S4)
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Source Node Selecting forwarding node
Forwarding node
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Forwarding Node
Unicast or Multicast ? Branch Point ? L ? HS and HN ?
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Forwarding Node
Multicast The case that there is a sink in the radio range o
f the forwarding node. The case that HN and HS are on the other side fo
r A. The case that HN and HS are on the same side for
A, and HS is nearer to A than HN. Unicast
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Medium Access Control (MAC)
S-MAC No Hello Message
Broadcast
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Simulations
All sinks are static.
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Conclusions
A new power saving protocol for multiple sinks which is adapted to mobile sensors.
Do not construct routes before sending data
Do not use periodic HELLO message
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End~