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PSYCHOLOGY OF THE THROWS
B Y C O A C H M A R K R O D R I G U E Z
U N I V E R S I T Y O F T E X A S A T E L P A S O
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THROWING IS 90% PHYSICAL + 10% MENTAL
BUT THAT 10% CAN WIPE OUT EVERY BIT OF THAT 90%
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Three C's of Throwing
developed by Dr. Jim Reardon
Confidence
C
oncentration
C
omposer
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Arm Wrestling Study
Studies of Confidence
Manipulation
Difference from Cocky
Confidence and Posture
What the Thrower Hears
Trailers can Help
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NELSON FURST 1972 ARM WRESTLING STUDY
Critical physical attributes were measured in Arm
Wrestlers
If Wrestler A thought he was better than B
AND, Wrestler B thought A was better
Even though B was physically better than A
80 of the time Wrestler A would beat B
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STUDIES OF CONFIDENCE MANIPULATION
AND APPLICATION
Gould, Jackson, Weinburg, Yukelson Showed positive manipulation had a positive
affect
Negative manipulation had a negative affect
Herb Brooks (1980 Olympic Gold MedalHockey Coach) A team is only as confident as
their coach.
Support from your event group affects your
confidence
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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
CONFIDENCE COCKY
Confidence - believing you can beat anyone
Cocky - saying you can beat anyone = Unsportsmanlike
Grunting not only adds strength, but also puts you out there
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CONFIDENCE AND POSTURE
Instructions for Throwers
Enter ring determined
Look toward your goal
Eye of the Tiger
Finish
with
a grunt
Heads up and shoulders
back = feelings of
confidence
Heads down and
shoulders slumped =
fearful, depressed or
uncertainity
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WHAT THE THROWER HEARS AFFECTS CONFIDENCE
Everything you hear sticks in your mind and
may affect your confidence
Positive self-talk affects you positively
Negative self-talk affects you negatively
Work at changing negative phrases to positive
phrases
Get your teammates to use positive phrases
as well so that you are all affected positively
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TRAILERS OR PAVLOVIAN CONDITIONED
RESPONSE CAN BRING ABOUT CONFIDENCE
Use a neutral stimulus such as pinching your leg when
you have a big throw in practice
After time it becomes a conditioned stimulus
So if you pinch your leg before you throw, it will bring
about a conditioned response
That conditioned response is the same feelings as
when you hit a big throw
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Focus like a throwing sector
Visualization
A skill to be practiced
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FOCUS LIKE A THROWING SECTOR
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VISUALIZATION MENTAL IMAGERY
Sends out same motor neurons that are
emitted in the actual movement
Do consistently each day
Do from different perspectives
Add as much detail as possible
Do before entering the ring and not in the ring
(the ring is your world)
Take 6 mental throws a day.
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CONCENTRATION IS A SKILL
Has to be practiced just like any other skill
Think of each practice as a meet and each
meet as a practice
You need to practice different meet situations
so that you are prepared when that situation
occurs
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Emotional Control
Physiological Aspects
Arousal Levels
Commonalities
Relaxation Techniques
Role Playing
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EMOTIONAL CONTROL
Poor management of your emotions disrupts
your performance
High levels of emotion negatively affect both
your decision-making ability and also your
motor skills
You need to be able to analyze your problem(s)
logically
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PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Physiologically your body has the same negative
reactions when you are anticipating something as you
do when you are dreading something
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AROUSAL LEVELS THEORIES
Inverted-U Hypothesis - as
arousal performance
improves to a point, beyond
this point performance
Arousal Theory - Each athlete performs best if
their level of arousal or competitive anxiety falls
within their optimum functioning zone
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SYMPTOMS OF ANXIETY
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YAWNING TO CONTROL AROUSAL
Yawning is theorized as the bodys way of regulating
arousal levels
Yawning occurs not because youre bored, Its your
bodys way of trying to stay awake by arousal levels
Athletes arousal levels are often high before
competition. Y
awning can arousal to optimal levels
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COMMONALITIES IN ELITE ATHLETES IN THE ZONE
Multiple yawns before Performance
Theyre able to see the field of play better
It feels like everything is happening in a slower motion
Their reaction time is faster
They adjust to obstacles/problems faster
They feel calmer in pressure situations
They feel Invincible
Noise is reduced
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GAMMA BRAIN WAVES
amma Waves High frequency brain waves theorized to create
the unity of conscious perceptions
Heightened Sensory Perception
Enhanced Memory Recall
ocus
Processing Speed of Information
Meditation
gamma brain waves
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RELAXATION TECHNIQUES - CHARACTERISTICS
Procedures for recognizing then releasing tension in muscles
Concentration on breathing control & regulation
Concentration on sensations such as heaviness, warmth
Mental Imagery
Quiet, warm & dimly lit room void of interruption
Must believe it will help
RELAXATION TECHNIQUES - NECESSITIES
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RELAXATION TECHNIQUES
Centering Focus on naval to control breathing releasing
tension as you exhale, focus word may be Relax
Self-Hypnosis With relaxing music or sounds, control
breathing. Imagine your Happy Place, Countdown from 10
with your body relaxing more as you count. Evoke positive
beneficial suggestions for your throwing performance. Count
up to 10 awakening & feeling refreshed.
Meditation Relax muscle by muscle, focus on breathing, in
out say silently Win for 20 minutes.
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ROLE PLAYING
Identify an elite athlete youve seen perform at a high
level
Take on the characteristics of that athlete during your
warm-up and competition
React to situations as they would
Stay in Character
Its ok to get a little Crazy
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MISCELLANEOUS - CONTROL
The only person you can control is yourself
Compete against yourself & your goals
Set ultimate/season goals high
Make short term goals attainable inch by inch
Write your goals down Treat like note taking
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MISCELLANEOUS USE WEATHER AS AN ADVANTAGE
The rain is your friend
Teach how to throw in various wind conditions
Dont be afraid to start left or right
Identify the sector angle as compared to the track
Practice in all weather conditions
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MISCELLANEOUS KNOW YOUR ATHLETE
Myers Briggs Personality Test 16 Personalities
1. The Champion, Commander & Dynamo
2. The Teacher, Counselor & Supervisor
Type of Learner
1. Visual need demos & video
2. Auditory have them summarize what you explain
3. Read/Write have research or write down their technique
4. Kinesthetic LBD, molding , by mistakes
What motivates them- Extrinsic or Intrinsic
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MISCELLANEOUS KNOW YOUR ATHLETE
Birth Order
1. First Reliable, Conscientious, Structured, Cautious,
Controlling, & Achievers,
2. Middle People Pleasers, Rebellious, Thrives on
Friendships, Large Social Circle, & Peacemaker
3. Last Fun Loving, Uncomplicated, Manipulative,
Outgoing, Attention Seeker & Self-Centered
4. Only Child Mature for Age, Perfectionist, Conscientious,
Diligent, Leaders
Leadership Qualities- Communication, Motivation, Team
Building, Risk Taking, Vision & Goal Setting
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MISCELLANEOUS ASPECTS
Look to the future, not the past
Your next throw is your most important throw
There is no validity in a ring you dont do well in
Use Desensitization to get rid of irrational fears
Use a mantra to strengthen your event groups weakness
C S
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REFERENCESAnnett, J. (1995). Motor imagery: perception of action? Neuropsychologia, 33, 1395-1417.
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Crick, F., Koch, C. (2003). "Framework for consciousness". Nature Neuroscience 6 (2): 11926.
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REFERENCESBell, L.A. (1980). Boredom and the yawn. Review of Existential Psychology and Psychiatry, 17, 91-100.
Siegal, S. (1974). Why the yawn? New England Journal of Medicine, 290, 1027.
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