Download - The U.S. and World War One, 1914-1918
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THE U.S. AND WORLD WAR ONE, 1914-1918
HIST 202 - HESEN
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Causes of World War I Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
Remember MAIN!
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Alliance Systems Triple
Alliance/Central Powers Germany Austria-Hungary Ottoman Empire Italy…until 1915
Triple Entente/Allied Powers Great Britain France Russia Italy…in 1915 U.S….in 1917
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Balkan Powder Keg Problems in Serbia
Austria-Hungary governs
One of the smallest European countries
Black Hand Gavrilo Princip June 28, 1914 –
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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American Neutrality U.S. traded with all
Allied countries 1915 – British
blockade Germany Effects:
U.S. can’t trade with Germany
German enters famine Germany blames
Great Britain and U.S.
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Submarine Warfare Response from
Germany – “Eliminate the blockade”
Targeted merchant and military vessels
Lusitania – May 7, 1915 128 Americans died
Sussex – March 1916 Sussex Pledge – sink
with warnings only
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Economic Links with Allies
Tied chiefly to Great Britain and France
U.S. makes war supplies – sends to Allied Powers
Blame blockade for not trading with Germany
1914-1917 – trade with Great Britain and France quadrupled
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Reminders Riis back on Tuesday Check website – totally
updated with study guide, notes, and Matsuda
Matsuda due on October 25th hard copy (if at all possible....please....) Also review session that
night Exam #2 – October 30th
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Public Opinion Americans favored
Britain and France Germany – “bully
of Europe” Reinforced with
Lusitania
Loans – J.P. Morgan
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Ethnic Influences Second generation
immigrants in U.S. Make-up 30% of
population Sympathizers
Germans – “homeland”
Irish – hates British Russians – great
protectors
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The War Debate Eastern Republicans
wanted WAR!!! – T.R. U.S. wasn’t ready 1915 – National Security
League met to discuss options
1916 – Congress passed National Defense Act Increased regular Army to
175,000 Build upwards of 50 war
ships
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Opposition to the War Mostly from the
Midwest and West Scared that U.S.
would get involved Progressives Populists Socialists Pacifists
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Reminders Riis due by midnight
WWI – finish Lost Battalion continue
Begin Matsuda – assignment online
March 26th – Exam #2 guides out (Foreign Diplomacy to 1920s)
NO CLASS WEDNESDAY!
!
HAPPY SPRING BREAK!!!!
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Going to War Major U.S. causes:
Unrestricted submarine warfare
Zimmerman Telegram
Russian Revolution
Declaration of War – April 2, 1917
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U.S. Mobilization Committee on
Public Information Food
Administration Fuel Administration National War Labor
Board War Industries
Board
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Public Opinion and Civil Liberties
Espionage and Sedition Acts Prohibited disloyal
speech Applied to all Allied
Powers Imprisonment –
2,000 Schenck v. U.S. -
1919
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Armed Forces Selective Service
Act June 1917 2.8 million men put
into lottery Made up half of the
fighting force African-Americans
400,000 served in segregated units
W.E.B. DuBois
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Effects on American Society
MORE JOBS!! Men leave --- factory
jobs taken by women
Men leave cities – migrants move North from South
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Fighting the War U.S. Navy
Convoy system Offered protection
for European-bound ships
900,000 tons of shipping
American Expeditionary Force (AEF) Gen. John J. Pershing
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Fighting “Over There” Conditions
Trench warfare Trench foot Chemical warfare Shell shock
Affected Allied and Central Powers ***
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World War I Ends War ends
November 11, 1918
Hailed as a major Allied victory 116,000 U.S. troops
killed 5 million Russians
dead